Tax Saving Guide - 2022-23
Tax Saving Guide - 2022-23
Tax Saving Guide - 2022-23
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A Bajaj Capital THIS| GUIDE
Publication IS UPDATED AS ON 22 DEC, 2022
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Tax Saving Guide: Your Guide to Tax Efficient Living
Proper tax planning is the basic duty of every person, which should be carried out
religiously. Basically, there are three steps in the tax planning exercise. You need not
consult an Income Tax Practitioner or a Chartered Accountant for this matter. In fact,
you can do it yourself. These three steps of tax planning are:
1. Calculate your Taxable Income for the Financial Year (from April 1 to March
31) from all sources such as salary /pension, interest etc.
2. Calculate tax payable on Annual Taxable Income using a simple tax rate table,
given on the next page.
3. After you have calculated the amount of your tax liability, you have two
options to choose from:
a. Pay your tax (no tax planning is required)
b. Minimize your tax through Prudent Tax Planning.
Most people should and do choose Option ‘b’. Here, you have to compare the advantages
of several tax saving schemes and depending upon your age, social liabilities, tax
slab and personal preferences, decide on the right mix of investments/insurance
plans, which shall reduce your tax liability to Zero or to the “Minimum” possible. You
may consult your Financial Planner for distributing your savings in various tax saving
schemes.
The following rates are applicable for computing tax liability for the current Financial
Year ending on March 31, 2023, i.e. Assessment Year 2023-24
Individual salaried tax payers can choose either new or old tax payment system and
next year they can again change the choice of old or new, if they wish to. However, if
businessmen tax payers choose new tax system this year, then they can’t revert to old
tax system next year.
In our opinion, old tax payment system is suitable for almost 95% tax payers, as final
tax liability after availing all deductions/exemptions etc will be definitely lower than the
tax liability as computed under new tax system. (Please understand this better with
examples on page no. 06). New tax payment system will be suitable for not more than
5% of such tax payers who are starting their career now and filing their income tax
return for the first time in their life.
OLD TAX SYSTEM (Below Age 60 years)
FOR INDIVIDUALS BELOW THE AGE OF 60 YEARS AS ON 31st March, 2022
Individuals with Net taxable income less than or equal to Rs. 5 lakhs will be eligible for tax rebate
u/s 87A ( Maximum Rs. 12,500) i.e tax liability will be nil of such individuals in both – New as well
as old tax system
OLD TAX SYSTEM (For age group 60-80 years)
FOR INDIVIDUALS BETWEEN THE AGE OF 60 YEARS TO 80 YEARS AS ON 31st March, 2022
Individuals with Net taxable income less than or equal to Rs. 5 lakhs will be eligible for tax rebate
u/s 87A ( Maximum Rs. 12,500) i.e tax liability will be nil of such individuals in both – New as well
as old tax system
Individuals with Net taxable income less than or equal to Rs.5 lakhs will be eligible for tax rebate
u/s 87A (Maximum Rs. 12,500) i.e tax liability will be nil of such individuals in both – New as well
as old tax system
Note -
1) For Financial Year 2022 – 23 (Assessment Year 2023 – 24), Rebate u/s 87A- A
resident individual (whose net income does not exceed Rs. 5,00,000) can avail
rebate u/s 87A. It is deductible from income tax before calculating education cess.
The amount of rebate is 100 percent of income tax or Rs. 12,500, whichever is
less.
2) Surcharge –
a) 10% of the Income Tax, where taxable income is more than Rs.50 lakhs and
upto Rs. 1 crore. However, the amount of Income Tax and Surcharge shall
not increase the amount of income tax payable on a taxable income of Rs.
50 lakhs by more than the amount of increase in taxable income.
b) 15% of the Income Tax, where taxable income is more than Rs. 1 crore and upto
Rs. 2 crores. However, the amount of Income Tax and Surcharge shall not increase the
amount of income tax payable on a taxable income of Rs. 1 crore by more than the
amount of increase in taxable income.
c) 25% of the income tax, where taxable income is more than Rs. 2 crores and
up to Rs. 5 crores. However, the amount of income tax and surcharge shall not
increase the amount of income tax payable on a taxable income of Rs. 2 crores by
more than the amount of increase in taxable income.
d) 37% of the income tax, where taxable income is more than Rs. 5 crores. However,
the amount of income tax and surcharge shall not increase the amount of
income tax payable on a taxable income of Rs. 5 crores by more than the amount
of increase in taxable income.
3) Health & Education Cess: 4% of the total of Income Tax and Surcharge.
Examples on how to choose between old tax system and new tax system
Example 01:
Mr Abhishek Srivastav, aged 25 years, got a new job through campus placement. His
annual package for the year ending on 31 March 2023 is Rs. 12 lakhs. He did not opt
for PF and he does not have any life insurance or health insurance policy. Also he does
not have any PPF account or NPS account. His tax liability under the new tax system
will be only Rs. 1,15,000. (please refer table above ). Under the old tax system his tax
liability would have been Rs. 1,72,500. Thus opting for new tax system is good decision
for Abhishek.
Example 02:
Annual income of Miss Susan John is Rs. 12 Lakhs for the financial year ending on
31 March 2023. This includes Rs. 11,80,000 from salary income and Rs. 20,000 as
bank interest income. Besides she has contributed Rs.1.5 lakhs in her PPF account and
Rs. 50,000 in her NPS account. She is also paying home loan instalments and annual
interest for the same is Rs.2 lakhs. She also has health insurance policy with annual
premium of Rs. 25,000.
Now she has to choose between old tax system and new tax system. Under the new tax
system her taxable income will be Rs. 12,00,000 and her tax liability will be
Rs. 1,15,000. (Please see table above.)
Under the old tax system she will get standard deduction of Rs. 50,000+ deduction
under section 80 C Rs. 1,50,000 plus deduction under section 80 CCD Rs. 50,000 plus
deduction under section 80D Rs. 25,000 plus Deduction under section 80 TTA
Rs. 10,000+ Rs.2 lakhs for interest on housing loan.
Her net taxable income will be only Rs. 5,85,000 and tax liability on the same under
the old system will be Rs. 29,500 only. Clearly the old tax system is beneficial for Miss
Susan John.
2. The last date of filing income tax return for individuals is July 31, with one exception
covered in point 3 below.
3. Where accounts of the assessee are required to be audited under any law, the last
date for filing the return is September 30.
4. As per new law, a penalty of Rs. 5,000/- will be levied if return is filed after due date
but before 31st Dec of that year & Rs. 10,000/- if filed between 1st Jan to
31st March.
5. However, as relief to small taxpayers, if your income is not more than Rs 5 lakhs, the
maximum penalty levied will be Rs. 1,000.
NOTE:
If an employee’s total contribution to EPF and VPF together in a financial year exceeds
Rs. 2.5 lakhs in a financial year, then the interest earned on the excess contribution will
be taxable in the hands of an employee.
Dividend Income
Dividend income and interest income from various sources is included under the head
“Income from other sources”.
Gift Tax: Gift tax was abolished with effect from October 1, 1998. The gifts are no longer
taxable in the hands of donor or donee. However, with effect from September 1, 2004,
any gift received by an individual or HUF will be included in taxable income, provided the
amount of gift exceeds Rs. 50,000.
.
However, gifts received from any of the following will continue to remain tax free:
1. Spouse
2. Brother or sister
3. Brother or sister of the spouse
4. Brother or sister of either of the parents of the individual
5. Any lineal ascendant or descendant of the individual
Now we will discuss in detail about the taxability of these sources of income.
1. Salary or Pension Income
Salaried employees are issued a certificate of tax deducted at source from salary
income by their employers in Form No. 16. It also gives the Net Taxable Salary figure.
All salaried individuals as well as pensioners are entitled to a flat Standard Deduction
of Rs.50,000.
Taxable Incomes:
1. Dividend income from listed /unlisted companies/Mutual funds.
2. Interest on company deposits.
3. Interest on debentures/bonds.
4. Interest on post office savings schemes like MIS, NSC, Time Deposit
NOTE:
1) TDS rate is 10 per cent (no surcharge, education cess, etc.). If the recipient does not
furnish his PAN to the deductor, the tax will be deducted at the rate of 20 percent.
2) Deduction of income tax at source can be avoided by filing Form 15G in duplicate
(15 H for senior citizens). However, such forms can be submitted only by individuals
whose total income in the financial year is expected to be below the maximum
amount not chargeable to tax.
5.Capital Gains
Capital gain arises when certain assets like property (plot or a built up commercial
/residential unit) or shares/mutual fund units/bonds, etc are sold on a profit. The
treatment of capital gains is slightly different from other sources of income as listed
above. It mainly depends upon whether the capital gain (profit on sale) is short term or
long term.
Similarly, when listed companies’ equity shares are sold or Equity mutual fund
investments are redeemed any day after one year from the date of investment, profit or
gain is treated as Long Term Capital Gain, and tax is payable on same at a flat rate of
10% subject to rules/conditions mentioned below.
If total Long term capital gain is less than or equal to Rs. 1 lakh, no tax is payable. Tax
at a flat rate of 10% is payable only on an amount exceeding Rs.1 lakh.
If the original date of investment is prior to 31st January 2018, then for the purpose of
calculating Long Term Capital Gain, value as on 31st January 2018 will be considered
as the original cost. For example, Mr. Sharma invested Rs. 5 lakhs in shares of XYZ Ltd.
in the year 2010. The value of same as on 31st January 2018 was Rs. 9 lakhs. He sold
these shares in April 2022 for Rs. 9,50,000 and thus earned a Long term capital gain of
Rs. 50,000. However, since the gain amount is less than Rs 1 lakh, Mr. Sharma doesn’t
have to pay any tax on the same.
However, if Debt Mutual Funds are redeemed or bonds are sold at least three years
after the date of investment, profit/ gain is treated as Long Term Capital Gain, and tax is
payable on same at a flat rate of 20% after taking the indexation (inflation adjustment)
benefit as per chart shared below.
Section 54 EC
In order to save capital gain tax, the total amount of Long -Term Capital Gain (after
availing indexation benefit) has to be invested in any of the following three schemes
specified under section 54EC (upto Rs. 50 lakhs only):
1. Bonds issued by Rural Electrification Corporation Limited (REC)
2. Bonds Issued by Power Finance Corporation Limited (PFC)
3. Bonds Issued by Indian Railway Finance Corporation Limited (IRFC)
NOTE:
The maximum Investment in capital gain tax saving bond can be Rs. 50 lakhs only (for
section 54EC benefits). Exemption is available to the extent of capital gain as invested
in long term specified assets.
For assets other than listed shares/units of equity oriented mutual fund schemes, tax
is payable in respect of long-term capital gains at a flat rate of 20% and the amount of
gain has to be adjusted for inflation. This inflation adjustment is known as indexation
benefit. Every year the Government of India announces inflation adjustment rate for
the purpose of long-term capital gain. A detailed chart is given below
Example 1:
Mr. Kumar had invested Rs. 2,00,000 in a Bond Fund (debt-oriented Mutual fund
Scheme) in June, 2016. He redeemed his investment in September, 2022 and
received redemption proceeds of Rs.2,60,000. So, Capital Gain tax liability will be
computed as follows
The long-term capital gain is (Rs. 2,60,000 - Rs. 2,50,758) = Rs. 9,242/- on which he is
required to pay capital gain tax of Rs. 1,849/- @ 20% plus cess.
Example 2:
Mr. Das bought a flat for Rs. 28,00,000 in August 2012. He sold this flat in September
2022 for a net consideration of Rs. 85,00,000. Income tax payable on capital gain of
Rs. 57,00,000 earned by him shall be as follows:
Thus, Mr. Das has earned a Long-Term capital gain of Rs. 38,66,000/- (Rs. 85,00,000
- Rs. 46,34,000). Now, if he decides to pay tax, he has to pay 20% of Rs. 38,66,000/-
(i.e. Rs. 7,73,200/-) along with health & education cess. Alternatively, he can save this
tax liability by investing Rs. 38,66,000/- in either of the capital gain bonds as explained
while discussing section 54EC above.
NOTES:
1. There are no sectoral caps on investment in the new section and the assessee is
free to invest Rs. 1,50,000 in any one or more of the specified instruments.
2. Amount invested in these instruments would be allowed as deduction irrespective
of the fact whether (or not) such investment is made out of income chargeable to
tax.
Please note that because the deduction is allowed from taxable income, the exact
savings in tax will depend upon the tax slab of the individual. Thus, a person in the 30%
tax slab can save income tax up to Rs. 46,800/- ( Tax plus health & education cess ) by
investing Rs. 1,50,000 in the specified schemes u/s 80C.
Important Note
The employer’s contribution exceeding Rs. 7.5 Lakhs in a financial year to EPF plus
NPS plus any other superannuation fund will be taxed as a perquisite under the head
salaries.
*Payment should be made by any mode other than cash. However, payment on account
of preventive health check-up can be made by any mode (including cash).
Accordingly a person who falls in the 30% tax bracket can save income tax up to
Rs. 31,200/- (Tax plus health & education cess) by paying Rs.1,00,000/- as premium
for “Health Insurance” policy in a year.
Post office savings bank interest exemption under section 10 (15) (i)-
Post office savings bank interest is exempt up to Rs.3,500 (in an individual account)
and Rs. 7,000 ( in a joint account) U/s 10(15)(i).
1. Contribution to a ULIP Plan (IPRu Life) for Retirement with a premium of Rs. 50,000/-
every year.
2. Contribution to Term Plan (HDFC Life) for protection of his family members, policy
amount Rs. 1.5 crores and premium amount Rs. 20,000 p.a.
3. SIP Contribution into Axis Long Term Equity Fund (ELSS Fund) worth Rs. 5,000/
monthly.
4. Contribution into ManipalCigna (Health Insurance) worth Rs. 25,000/-.p.a.
5. Contribution into National Pension system (NPS) Rs. 50,000/-.
Total taxable income of Mr. Prashant as per above example is Rs. 18,85,000. With
expert tax planning advise recieved from his Relationship Manager in Bajaj Capital, he
is able to reduce his tax liability to Rs. 3,04,200 only which is merely 16% of his total
income, whereas he is in 30% tax bracket.
Mr.Prashant decides to check whether shifting to New tax system (as announced in
2020 budget) will be beneficial for him. His tax liability under the New system will be
computed as follows:
Total income from all heads (other than interest on tax-free bonds) - Rs. 18,85,000
Under New tax system, he will not get any deductions such as Standard Deduction,
Deduction u/s 80 C, 80 D, 80 CCD, 80 TTA, etc.
His tax liability under the New tax system will be Rs. 3,15,120 including cess (please
refer table on page no. 5 above). Thus, sticking to Old tax system will be beneficial for
Prashant as not only he is able to reduce his tax liability, but he is also able to protect his
family and his own health/retirement through various tax-saving schemes suggested
by his Bajaj Capital Relationship Manager.
Example of Prudent Investment cum Tax Planning for a ‘Just retired’ person.
Mr. Ramesh Kumar retired at the age of 60 years from a Govt. job on 1st April, 2022. He
received total retirement benefits amounting to Rs. 1.8 crore, including Provident Fund,
Gratuity, Leave encashment etc. Mr. Kumar is entitled to a life long monthly pension of
Rs. 50,000/-. Also he has a PPF Account where the accumulated balance is
Rs. 18 lakhs. Besides, 7 years ago he bought a mediclaim plan covering himself, his
wife and he is regularly paying health insurance premium of Rs. 35,000/- per annum,
to Niva Bupa Health Insurance company Ltd.
Just after retirement, Mr. Kumar consults his Relationship Manager at Bajaj Capital and
decides to invest his retirement benefits of Rs.1.80 crores as per details given below:
Tax liability of Mr. Ramesh Kumar for Financial Year April 2022 to 31st March 2023 will
be computed as under:-
Thus, Mr. Ramesh Kumar has to pay total tax of Rs. 44,699 only on his Total Income of
Rs. 19,06,350/- with the help of efficient tax saving executed by the Relationship Manager
at Bajaj Capital.
Important Note:
1. Out of the total retirement benefits of Rs. 1.80 crores, Rs. 52 lakhs have been
invested in fixed income interest bearing safe investment schemes such as SCSS,
PMVVY, and FRSB to ensure regular flow of assured income.
2. An amount of Rs. 20 lakhs has been invested in Dynamic Asset Allocation Funds to
ensure proper Assets Allocation.
3. An amount of Rs. 1 crore has been invested in 4 different schemes of Banking & PSU
Debt Funds to ensure safety and inflation beating returns with an option to withdraw
Pension type of monthly amount through SWP (Systematic Withdrwal Plan). SWP is
a superior option as compared to Bank FD as it attracts lower tax and that too in the
year of withdrawl only. Please note that in case of Bank FD you have to pay tax every
year on interest income on accrued basis.
4. Interest rate on Senior Citizen Savings Scheme (SCSS) has now been increased to
7.60% p.a. w.e.f. 1st October, 2022.
Disclaimer: Bajaj Capital Limited (BCL) has taken due care and caution in compilation
and presenting factually correct data contained herein-above. While BCL has made every
effort to ensure that the information/data being provided is accurate, BCL does not
guarantee the accuracy, adequacy or completeness of any data/information in the guide
and the same is meant for the use of the recipient and not for circulation. Readers are
advised to satisfy themselves about the merits and details of each investment scheme
before taking any investment decision. BCL does not hold themselves liable for any
consequences, legal or otherwise, arising out of use of any such information/data and
further states that it has no financial liability whatsoever to the recipient /readers of this
guide. BCL nor any of its directors /employees /representatives accept any liability for any
direct or consequential loss arising from the use of the information/data contained in
the guide or any information/data generated from the guide. Any dispute arising in future
shall be, subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of court(s) at Delhi.
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