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    1.6 Exact Differential Equations

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    Ammar Almobyied
    This document defines and provides methods for solving exact differential equations. An exact differential equation can be written as the total differential of some function F, and the general solution is found by first using the two formulas to determine F, then integrating to find the arbitrary function and write the solution as F=C. Examples are provided to demonstrate rewriting the equation as an exact form, using the formulas to find F, and stating the general solution. Exercises are given for the reader to practice solving exact differential equations.

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    1.6 Exact Differential Equations

    Uploaded by

    Ammar Almobyied
    55 views6 pages
    This document defines and provides methods for solving exact differential equations. An exact differential equation can be written as the total differential of some function F, and the general solution is found by first using the two formulas to determine F, then integrating to find the arbitrary function and write the solution as F=C. Examples are provided to demonstrate rewriting the equation as an exact form, using the formulas to find F, and stating the general solution. Exercises are given for the reader to practice solving exact differential equations.

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    This document defines and provides methods for solving exact differential equations. An exact differential equation can be written as the total differential of some function F, and the general solution is found by first using the two formulas to determine F, then integrating to find the arbitrary function and write the solution as F=C. Examples are provided to demonstrate rewriting the equation as an exact form, using the formulas to find F, and stating the general solution. Exercises are given for the reader to practice solving exact differential equations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    55 views6 pages

    1.6 Exact Differential Equations

    Uploaded by

    Ammar Almobyied
    This document defines and provides methods for solving exact differential equations. An exact differential equation can be written as the total differential of some function F, and the general solution is found by first using the two formulas to determine F, then integrating to find the arbitrary function and write the solution as F=C. Examples are provided to demonstrate rewriting the equation as an exact form, using the formulas to find F, and stating the general solution. Exercises are given for the reader to practice solving exact differential equations.

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    §1.

    6 Exact Differential Equations

    Recall:

    Let G , then:

    1. The partial derivative of with respect to is:


    2. The partial derivative of with respect to is:
    3. The total differential of is:

    4. , where is any differentiable function in .

    5. , where is any differentiable function in .


    Definition: A differential equation is exact if there exists
    a function such that:

    i.e.

    Exactness Criterion:
    A differential equation is exact if .

    Idea of solving exact differential equations:


    Since the exact differential equation can be written as ,
    for some , we get that the general solution of the exact differential equation is: .
    It remains to find the function .
    Solving an exact DE:

    First: We write the DE as .

    Second: We use the two formulas to find as follows:

    Method 1:
    Start with: , integrating w.r.t. : .
    Now: use to find .

    Method 2:
    Start with: , integrating w.r.t. : .
    Now: use to find .

    Finally: the general solution is .


    Example: Find the one-parameter family of solutions

    Solution:
    , .
    ,
    The DE is exact.

    Finding :
    • So, , and it remains
    to find .
    • .
    • Consequently, .
    • The G.S. is: , or:
    Solution:
    First, we rewrite the DE as :

    ,
    ,
    The DE is exact.

    Finding :
    .
    why?

    The general solution is:


    Exercises:

    1) Solve the IVP: .

    2) Find so that the following DE is exact:

    3) Solve the differential equation

    4) Let be the solution of the IVP:

    Find .

    5) Find so that the differential equation is exact, then find the general solution:

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