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    Polyhalides

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    Neha Ibrahim
    Polyhalide ions are composed of two or more halogen atoms bonded together. They can be positively charged polyhalide cations or negatively charged polyhalide anions. The structure of these polyhalide ions depends on the number of halogen atoms present and the hybridization of the central atom. For example, tri-atomic cations like ICl2+ have a V-shaped structure from sp3 hybridization, while hepta-atomic anions like IF6- have a distorted octahedral structure from sp3d3 hybridization. Compounds containing polyhalide ions are called polyhalides.

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    Polyhalides

    Uploaded by

    Neha Ibrahim
    16 views3 pages
    Polyhalide ions are composed of two or more halogen atoms bonded together. They can be positively charged polyhalide cations or negatively charged polyhalide anions. The structure of these polyhalide ions depends on the number of halogen atoms present and the hybridization of the central atom. For example, tri-atomic cations like ICl2+ have a V-shaped structure from sp3 hybridization, while hepta-atomic anions like IF6- have a distorted octahedral structure from sp3d3 hybridization. Compounds containing polyhalide ions are called polyhalides.

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    Polyhalide ions are composed of two or more halogen atoms bonded together. They can be positively charged polyhalide cations or negatively charged polyhalide anions. The structure of these polyhalide ions depends on the number of halogen atoms present and the hybridization of the central atom. For example, tri-atomic cations like ICl2+ have a V-shaped structure from sp3 hybridization, while hepta-atomic anions like IF6- have a distorted octahedral structure from sp3d3 hybridization. Compounds containing polyhalide ions are called polyhalides.

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    16 views3 pages

    Polyhalides

    Uploaded by

    Neha Ibrahim
    Polyhalide ions are composed of two or more halogen atoms bonded together. They can be positively charged polyhalide cations or negatively charged polyhalide anions. The structure of these polyhalide ions depends on the number of halogen atoms present and the hybridization of the central atom. For example, tri-atomic cations like ICl2+ have a V-shaped structure from sp3 hybridization, while hepta-atomic anions like IF6- have a distorted octahedral structure from sp3d3 hybridization. Compounds containing polyhalide ions are called polyhalides.

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    Polyhalides:

    The ions (cations or anions) composed of similar halogen atoms (e.g., Cl2+, Br2+,
    I5+ etc.) or dissimilar halogen atoms (e.g., ICl2+, IBrCl- etc.) are called polyhalide
    ions. These ions may be regarded as positively or negatively charged inter-halogen
    ions.
    The ionic compounds containing either polyhalide cations or polyhalide anions are
    called Polyhalides.

    1
    Structure of Polyhalide ions:

    Geometry
    Examples Structure Explanation
    of cations
    Angular geometry which arises from
    Tri-atomic sp3 sp3 hybridisation of central
    ICl2+, IBr2+,
    inter-halogen hybridisation positively-charged bigger halogen
    BrF2+, ClF2+
    cations (V-shaped) atom and due to presence of two lps
    of electrons on the central atom.
    All these cations have distorted-
    sp3d tetrahedral or see-saw structure. This
    Penta-atomic hybridisation structure arises from sp3d
    IF4+, ClF4+,
    inter-halogen distorted- hybridisation of central positively-
    BrF4+
    cations tetrahedral charged bigger halogen atom and due
    structure to presence of one lone pair of
    electrons on the central atom.
    All these ions have octahedral
    sp3d2 structure corresponding to sp3d2
    Hepta-atomic
    hybridisation hybridisation of the central
    inter-halogen IF6+, BrF6+
    octahedral positively-charged bigger halogen
    cations
    structure atom and due to absence of lp of
    electrons on the central atom
    2
    Geometry
    Examples Structure Explanation
    of anions
    All these ions have linear structure
    sp3d
    Tri-atomic ICl2-, IBr-, which due to sp3d hybridisation of
    hybridisation
    inter-halogen BrCl2-, ClF2-, central atom and presence of three
    linear
    anions I3-, ClBrI- lps of electrons on the axial site of
    structure
    central atom.
    All these ions have square planar
    sp3d2
    Penta-atomic geometry which arises due to sp3d2
    ICl4-, BrF4-, hybridisation
    inter-halogen hybridisation of central atom and
    I5- square
    anions presence of two lps of electrons on
    planar
    the axial sites.
    These ions have distorted octahedral
    sp3d3
    Hepta-atomic structure which is because of sp3d3
    hybridisation
    inter-halogen IF6-, BrF6- hybridisation of central atom and
    distorted
    anions presence of one lone pair of electrons
    octahedral
    on the central atom.

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