UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO ARTS AND HUMANITIES

Art- is about experience, it is uniquely individual, it reflect society’s culture. It is also produced by al
people who speaks and expresses themselves creatively.

Humanities- are those branches of knowledge that concern themselves with human beings and their
culture or with analytic and critical methods of inquiry derived from an appreciation of human values
and of the unique ability of human spirit to express itself. The humanities include the study of all
languages and literatures, the arts, history, and philosophy.

II. A UNDERSTANDING ARTS WITH HUMANITIES

Art within Humanities – art is how our ancestors recorded the world around them in a time before
cameras.

- We record things the same way today: in how we dress, what music we listen to, the buildings
we work and live in, or what we write.
- You can teel what a culture valued by their artwork

The illustration tells us what encompasses Humanities integrated with Art. Both are important in our
lives. Art has become part of history for recording purposes. It has become part of our existence today
because we still live in with prevalent culture and traditions.

II. SCIENCE VS. HUMANITIES

Science

- seeks to describe reality

-attempts to create a universal concept

-measurable and quantitative

Humanities

-seeks to describe humankind’s experience of reality

-gives from to emotion

-more analytical approach

ARTS AND HUMANITIES, HOW ARE THEY CONNECTED?

Both interpret the human experience through words or non-verbal forms of expression. It is true that
the arts have more to do with the acts of creation itself, whether through performance or the physical
production of works, while Humanities have to do more with research and critical analysis.
UNIT II VISUAL ARTS: INTEGRATION WITH PHILIPPINE CULTURE

The visual arts are art forms such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts,
photography, video, filmmaking, and architecture. Many artistic disciplines (performing arts, conceptual
arts, textile arts) involve aspects of the visual arts as well as arts of other types.

I. PAINTING

- a painting is an image (artwork) created using pigments (color) on a surface (ground) such as paper or
canvas. The pigment may be in a wet form, such as paint, or a dry form such as pastels.

-artistic paintings were introduced to Filipinos in the 16 th century when the Spaniards arrived in the
Philippines. During this time, the Spaniards use painting as visual aid for their religious propaganda to
spread Catholicism throughout the Philippines.

-the first great Filipino painter was Ferdinand Amorsolo. His legacy still lives today. Four days after his
death, Homorsolo was honored as the first national artist in painting at the cultural center of the
Philippines by then-President Ferdinand Marcos. The volume of paintings, sketches and studies of
Amorsolo is believed to have reached more than 10,000 pieces.

THE SEVEN MOST POPULAR STYLES IN PAINTING

1. Realism / Naturalism – is a style of art regarded by most as “real art”. This is because it
attempts to portray the subject as it actually appears in real life but stops short of appearing like
a photograph. Realism art is without stylization or following the rules of formal artistic theory.
Instead the artist spends a fair amount of time and effort paying attention to creating an
accurate depiction of life forms and objects, perspective creating the illusion of reality, good
composition, lights and darks, and color and tone.

2. Photorealism / Super Realism, Sharp Focus Realism, Hyper Realism – is an artsyle where the
artwork looks as realistic as a photo. The illusion of reality is so minutely fine tuned that the
painting looks exactly like a large, sharply focused photograph on canvas or other paint support.
It is a style where carful detail down to the last grain of sand on the seashore or the pores and
wrinkles on a person’s face has been included. Nothing is left out or too insignificant or
unimportant to not be included in the composition. It is realistic. Photorealism as a style of art
became a movement in a late 1960 and early 1970s in America.

3. Painterly – is an art style characterized by visible brushstrokes and texture left in the paint
medium. Artworks featuring this art style can be created using oils, acrylics, watercolors,
gouache, or any medium where a brush is used. In the past, early painters took great pains to
eliminate brushstrokes or texture from their paintings by working and blending their paint. Not
so with painterly artists. They make no attempt to hide their brushwork that has ben loosely and
 quickly applied. The paint doesn’t have to be applied in a thick manner either, thin layers of
paint work just as well using the painterly art style.

4. Impressionism- a style of painting that has the appearance of being rough and unfinished, and
characterized by small, thin, visible brushstrokes. The subject matter is usually of common and
ordinary subjects, with an emphasis on the accurate depiction of light, impressionistic paintings
are often painted outdoors to capture the natural sunlight and color of their subjects. Black is
rarely used since impressionists artists prefer mixing and using dark tones and complementary
colors. Impressionism is more a representation of an artists’ impression. It does not try to be
accurate in its derail, but rater, is more like an expression of the heart.

5. Abstract / Modern or Contemporary Art – is art that doesn’t resemble anything from “real life”.
It is an art style that is intentionally non-representational and seeks to achieve its point or
subjects using shapes, forms, colors, and textures. Every object on the canvas is represented by
either colors and or shapes. For example colors can represent emotions and shapes can
symbolize objects . The purpose of abstract is to let the viewer interpret its meaning for
him/herself. At its worst, abstract art looks like an accidental mess of paint. At its best, it has an
impact that strikes you from the moment you see it.

6. Surrealism – a modern style of painting that juxtaposes, various abstract concepts together to
give a startling effect. It is characterized by fully recognizable images which are realistically
painted, taken out of their normal setting and contexts then reassembled or organized within an
ambiguous, paradoxical, or shocking framework. Surrealist paintings are often illogical and
express imaginative dreams with visions that emphasize the subconscious rather than rationale.
Surrealism originated in France and flourished as an art movement in the early twentieth
century.

7. Pop Art – a modern art style that started back n the 1950s and draws inspiration from
commercial and consumer aspects of everyday life, especially in the American culture. Such
imagery included advertising, mass media, comic books, celebrities and elements of popular
culture, like magazines, movies, and even bottles and cans. Pop art paintings tend to focus on
bold colors and realistic imagery. There is usually no hidden meaning in the composition either
and pop artists rarely use any f the traditional techniques od perspective to create an illusion of
realis in the painting. Some pop artists use mass production techniques such as silk screening to
replicate their works, mirroring the manufacturing process of consumer goods. Because of its
use of commercial imagery, pop art is one of the most recognizable styles of modern art.

SCULPTURE- a three dimensional form constructed to represent a natural or imaginary shape. It is

shaped from hard materials such as stone, wood, and metals like gold, brass and iron.

TYPES OF SCULPTURE

1. Free-standing or full-round- it inhibits three-dimensional space in the same way that living
things do. Sculpture in the round cannot be appreciated from only a single viewpoint but must
be circled and explored.
 2. Relief Sculpture- grows out flat, two-dimensional background and its projection into three
dimensional space is relatively shallow. The back of relief sculpture is not meant to be seen, the
entire design can be understood from a frontal view. Relief sculptures are usually used in
combinations with architecture as wall decorations.
3. Assemblage Sculpture- a kind of structure wherein the elements present are just assemble from
things that are found in the surroundings.

ELEMENTS OF SCULPTURE

1. Orientation- the position or direction of the object with reference to the background.
Concrete example is the sculpture by Bemini, The Ecstasy of St.Therese.
2. Proportion- the relative size of each part in connection to the whole. David by Michelangelo
is a concrete example of proportion.
3. Scale- describe the image as to how massive or how small the sculpture is in the relation to
the surrounding.
4. Articulation- the manner from which we move from one element to the next. As to how the
artists repeated, varied, harmonized and related its parts and movement from one part to
another. This describes how sculptural figures (and other forms) are jointed; wither how the
differing parts of a body merge in a single from, or how separate sections come together.

II. ARCHITECTURE
- the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with
construction. The practice of architecture is employed to fulfill both practical and expressive
requirements, and thus it serves both utilitarian and aesthetic ends. Although these two ends may be
distinguished, they cannot be separated, and the relative weight given to each can vary widely. Because
every society, settled or nomadic, has a spatial relationship to the natural world and other societies, the
structures they produce reveal much about their environment (including climate and weather), history,
ceremonies, and artistic sensibility, as well as many aspects of daily life.

SELECTED ARCHITECTURAL TYPES

1. Domestic architecture

2. Religious Architecture

3. Governmental Architectures

4. Recreational Architecture

5. Architecture of welfare and education

UNIT III: PERFORMING ARTS: INTEGRATED WITH PHILIPPINE CULTURE

I. Music- an art concerned with combining vocal or instrumental sounds for beauty of form or emotional
expression, usually according to cultural standards of rhythm, melody, and in most Western music,
harmony. Both the simple folk song and the complex electronic composition belong the same activity,
music. Both are humanly engineered; both are conceptual and auditory, and these factors have been
present in music of all styles and in all periods of history, throughout the world.

II. Dance- a performing art form consisting of purposefully selected sequences of human movement.
This movement has aesthetic and symbolic value, and is acknowledged as dance by performers and
observers with in a particular culture.

- It is an art because with dance, you are able to tell a story without using your mouth. Through your
choreography and your facial expressions, you are able to completely change ourself into another
character. Also, with dance you are able to express emotions.

III. Literature- a group of works of art made up of words. Most are written, but some are passed on by
word of mouth. Literature usually means works of poetry and prose that are especially well written. The
word literature comes from the Latin word “learning, writing, grammar”

-one of the chief purposes of literature is a means of exploring what it is to be human. It is also a way of
communicating with others about a huge ranger of ideas and concerns. Put simply, literature helps us to
understand people, societies, events, culture.

-Philippine literature is literature with the Philippines from prehistory, through its colonial legacies, and
on to the present. Pre-Hispanic Philippine literature was actually epics passed on from generation to
generation, originally through an oral tradition.