AQA GCSE Triple P5 Test 2 Beginner VT DT Accleration QP

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Name:

Date:

P5 - Test 2
VT, DT & Accleration
Beginner

GCSE Mark Grade

PHYSICS
AQA - Triple Science
Materials
For this paper  you must have:
Ruler
Pencil and Rubber
Scientific calculator, which you are expected to use when appropriate

Instructions
Answer all questions
Answer questions in the space provided
All working must be shown

Information
The marks for the questions are shown in brackets

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Figure 1 shows the velocity-time graph for a car driven along a straight road.
1.
Figure 1

(a) From B to C the car is moving at a constant velocity.

Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

equal to greater than less than

From B to C the forward driving force is _________________________ the

backward resistive force.


(1)

(b) From C to D the car is slowing down.

What word is used to describe the motion of an object that is slowing down?

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

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(c) Between A and B the car is accelerating.

Calculate the acceleration of the car between A and B.

Use the equation:

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Acceleration = ____________________ m/s2


(2)

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(d) Figure 2 shows how the stopping distance of a car depends on the speed of the car.

Figure 2

Describe what happens to the stopping distance of the car when the speed of the car
doubles.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 6 marks)

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(a) The figure below shows two students investigating reaction time.
2.

Student A lets the ruler go.

Student B closes her hand the moment she sees the ruler fall.

This investigation can be used to find out if listening to music changes the reaction times of
a student.

Explain how.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(4)

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(b) A second group of students used a stop clock and computer simulation test to measure
their reaction times.

The table below shows their results.

Reaction time in seconds


Student
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3

X 0.44 0.40 0.34

Y 0.28 0.24 0.22

Z 0.36 0.33 0.47

Give one conclusion that can be made from the results for student X and student Y.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(c) Test 3 for student Z gave an anomalous result.

Suggest two possible reasons why this anomalous result occurred.

1. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 7 marks)

The diagram shows the horizontal forces acting on a car travelling along a straight road.
3.

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(a) Complete the following sentences by drawing a ring around the correct word in each box.

decreasing
(i) When the driving force equals the drag force, the speed ofthe car is constant
increasing

(1)

heat
(ii) Putting the brakes on transforms the car’s kinetic energy mainly into light
sound

(1)

(b) The charts, A, B and C give the thinking distance and the braking distance for a car driven
under different conditions.

(i) Draw straight lines to match each chart to the correct conditions.

Draw only three lines.

(2)

(ii) The three charts above all apply to dry road conditions.

How would the braking distances be different if the road were wet?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 5 marks)

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Part of a bus route is along a high street.
4. The distance – time graph shows how far the bus travelled along the high street and how long it
took.

(a) The bus travels the slowest between points D and E.

How can you tell this from the graph?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(b) Between which two points was the bus travelling the fastest?

Put a tick ( ) in the box next to your answer.

Points

A–B

B–C

C–D

(1)

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(c) There is a bus stop in the high street.
This is marked as point B on the graph.

(i) What is the distance between point A on the graph and the bus stop?

Distance _______________ metres


(1)

(ii) How long did the bus stop at the bus stop?
Show clearly how you work out your answer.

______________________________________________________________

Time = _______________ seconds


(2)

(d) A cyclist made the same journey along the high street.
The cyclist started at the same time as the bus and completed the journey in 200 seconds.
The cyclist travelled the whole distance at a constant speed.

(i) Draw a line on the graph to show the cyclist’s journey.


(2)

(ii) After how many seconds did the cyclist overtake the bus?

The cyclist overtook the bus after _______________ seconds.


(1)
(Total 8 marks)

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Motorway accidents have many causes.
5.
(a) Which one of the following is most likely to increase the chance of a car being in an
accident?

Tick ( ) the box next to your answer.

The car has just had new tyres fitted.

The driver has been drinking alcohol.

A road surface in dry conditions

Give a reason for your answer.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

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(b) The diagram shows three designs of motorway crash barriers.

Steel sheets Steel ‘ropes’ Solid concrete

Before a new design of barrier is used, it must be tested.


A car of mass 1500 kg is driven at 30 m/s to hit the barrier at an angle of 20 degrees.
This barrier must slow the car down and must not break.

Explain why the mass of the car, the speed of the car and the angle at which the car hits
the barrier must be the same in every test.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

(c) A group of scientists has suggested that new designs of crash barriers should be first
tested using computer simulations.

Which two statements give sensible reasons for testing new barrier designs using a
computer simulation?

Put a tick ( ) in the box next to each of your answers.

The design of the barrier can be changed easily.

Data for different conditions can be obtained quickly.

Simulations are more realistic than using cars and barriers.

(1)
(Total 5 marks)

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A high-speed train accelerates at a constant rate in a straight line.
6.
The velocity of the train increases from 30 m/s to 42 m/s in 60 seconds.

(a) (i) Calculate the change in the velocity of the train.

______________________________________________________________

Change in velocity = _______________ m/s


(1)

(ii) Use the equation in the box to calculate the acceleration of the train.

Show clearly how you work out your answer and give the unit.
Choose the unit from the list below.

m/s m/s2 N/kg Nm

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Acceleration = _________________________
(2)

(b) Which one of the graphs, A, B or C, shows how the velocity of the train changes as it
accelerates?

Write your answer, A, B or C, in the box.

A B C

Graph

(1)
(Total 4 marks)

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(a) The diagrams, A, B and C, show the horizontal forces acting on a moving car.
7.
Draw a line to link each diagram to the description of the car's motion at the moment when
the forces act.

Draw only three lines.

stationary

constant speed

slowing down

accelerating forwards

(3)

(b) The front crumple zone of a car is tested at a road traffic laboratory. This is done by using a
remote control device to drive the car into a strong barrier. Electronic sensors are attached
to a dummy inside the car.

(i) Draw an arrow in Box 1 to show the direction of the force that the car exerts on the
barrier.
(1)

(ii) Draw an arrow in Box 2 to show the direction of the force that the barrier exerts on
the car.
(1)

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(iii) Complete the following by drawing a ring around the correct line in the box.

The car exerts a force of 5000 N on the barrier. The barrier does not move.

more than

The force exerted by the barrier on the car will be equal to 5000 N.

less than

(1)

(iv) Which one of the following gives the most likely reason for attaching electronic
sensors to the dummy?

Put a tick ( ) in the box next to your answer.

To measure the speed of the car just before the impact.

To measure the forces exerted on the dummy during the impact.

To measure the distance the car travels during the impact.

(1)
(Total 7 marks)

(a) A car driver makes an emergency stop.


8.
The chart shows the ‘thinking distance’ and the ‘braking distance’ needed to stop the car.

Calculate the total stopping distance of the car.

___________________________________________________________________

Stopping distance = _________________________ m


(1)

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(b) The graph shows how the braking distance of a car driven on a dry road changes with the
car’s speed.

Speed in m/s

The braking distance of the car on an icy road is longer than the braking distance of the car
on a dry road.

(i) Draw a new line on the graph to show how the braking distance of the car on an icy
road changes with speed.
(2)

(ii) Which one of the following would also increase the braking distance of the car?

Put a tick ( ) in the box next to your answer.

Rain on the road

The driver having drunk alcohol

The driver having taken drugs

(1)

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(c) The thinking distance depends on the driver’s reaction time.

The table shows the reaction times of three people driving under different conditions.

Reaction time
Car driver Condition
in second

A Wide awake with no distractions 0.7

B Using a hands-free mobile phone 0.9

C Very tired and listening to music 1.2

The graph lines show how the thinking distance for the three drivers, A, B, and C, depends
on how fast they are driving the car.

Speed in m/s

(i) Match each graph line to the correct driver by writing A, B, or C in the box next to the
correct line.
(2)

(ii) The information in the table cannot be used to tell if driver C’s reaction time is
increased by being tired or by listening to music.
Explain why.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 8 marks)

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Some students designed and built an electric-powered go-kart.
9. The go-kart is shown below.

(a) Suggest two changes that could be made to the design of the go-kart to increase its top
speed.

1. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(2)

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(b) A go-kart with a new design is entered into a race.
The velocity-time graph for the go-kart, during the first 40 seconds of the race, is shown
below.

Time in seconds

(i) Between which two points did the go-kart have the greatest acceleration?

Tick ( ) one box.

A–B

B–C

C–D

Give a reason for your answer.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

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(ii) The go-kart travels at a speed of 13 m/s between points D and E.
The total mass of the go-kart and driver is 140 kg.

Calculate the momentum of the go-kart and driver between points D and E.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Momentum = _________________________ kg m/s


(2)
(Total 6 marks)

The diagram shows how the thinking distance and braking distance of a car add together to give
10. the stopping distance of the car.

(a) Use words from the box to complete the sentence.

distance energy force time

The stopping distance is found by adding the distance the car travels during the

driver’s reaction ____________________ and the distance the car travels under the

braking ____________________ .
(2)

(b) Which one of the following would not increase the thinking distance?

Tick ( ) one box.

The car driver being tired.

The car tyres being badly worn.

The car being driven faster.

(1)

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(c) The graph shows how the braking distance of a car changes with the speed of the car.
The force applied to the car brakes does not change.

Speed in metres/second

(i) What conclusion about braking distance can be made from the graph?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)

(ii) The graph is for a car driven on a dry road.

Draw a line on the graph to show what is likely to happen to the braking distance at
different speeds if the same car was driven on an icy road.
(1)

(d) A local council has reduced the speed limit from 30 miles per hour to 20 miles per hour on
a few roads. The reason for reducing the speed limit was to reduce the number of
accidents.

(i) A local newspaper reported that a councillor said:

“It will be much safer because drivers can react much faster when driving at 20 miles
per hour than when driving at 30 miles per hour.”

This statement is wrong. Why?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(1)

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(ii) The local council must decide whether to introduce the lower speed limit on a lot
more roads.

What evidence should the local council collect to help make this decision?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 9 marks)

(a) Figure 1 shows the distance–time graph for a person walking to a bus stop.
11.
Figure 1

Time in seconds

(i) Which one of the following statements describes the motion of the person between
points R and S on the graph?

Tick (✓) one box.

Not moving

Moving at constant speed

Moving with increasing speed

(1)

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(ii) Another person, walking at constant speed, travels the same distance to the bus stop
in 200 seconds.

Complete Figure 2 to show a distance–time graph for this person.

Figure 2

Time in seconds
(1)

(b) A bus accelerates away from the bus stop at 2.5 m/s2.

The total mass of the bus and passengers is 14 000 kg.

Calculate the resultant force needed to accelerate the bus and passengers.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Resultant force = ____________________ N


(2)
(Total 4 marks)

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A number of different forces act on a moving vehicle.
12.
(a) A car moving at a steady speed has a driving force of 3000 N.

(i) What is the value of the resistive force acting on the car?

Tick ( ) one box.

Tick ( )

2000 N

3000 N

4000 N

(1)

(ii) What causes most of the resistive force?

Tick ( ) one box.

Tick ( )

Air resistance

Faulty brakes

Poor condition of tyres

(1)

(b) A car is moving along a road. The driver sees an obstacle in the road at time t = 0 and
applies the brakes until the car stops.

The graph shows how the velocity of the car changes with time.

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(i) Which feature of the graph represents the negative acceleration of the car?

Tick ( ) one box.

Tick ( )

The area under the graph

The gradient of the sloping line

The intercept on the y-axis

(1)

(ii) Which feature of the graph represents the distance travelled by the car?

Tick ( ) one box.

Tick ( )

The area under the graph

The gradient of the sloping line

The intercept on the y-axis

(1)

(iii) On a different journey, the car is moving at a greater steady speed.

The driver sees an obstacle in the road at time t = 0 and applies the brakes until the
car stops.

The driver’s reaction time and the braking distance are the same as shown the graph
above.

On the graph above draw another graph to show the motion of the car.
(3)

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(c) In this question you will be assessed on using good English, organising information
clearly and using specialist terms where appropriate.

Thinking distance and braking distance affect stopping distance.

Explain how the factors that affect thinking distance and braking distance affect stopping
distance.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(6)
(Total 13 marks)

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