Brain Drain 2

BAC 2016 - B R A I N D R A I N / VO C A B U L A RY Mr.
Abdelkarim Foulfoula
Read this interview with a Moroccan government official upon his participation in a seminar in Tunis on the topic of “brain drain”.
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1. Find in the interview words or expressions meaning the same as:

emigration causes human resource home country brain drain
competent problem host countries attractive opportunities
2. Use the following words or epressions to define “brain drain”:
home countries - emigration - living - individuals - conditions - working -
highly skilled - to search for - better - educated - qualified - host countries 4. If you get an opportunity to study or work abroad,
Brain drain is will you leave your country ? State your reasons.
1. Which of the following fits best as a good definition for “brain drain” ?



2. Refer back to the interview to complete this table :
B R A I N D R A I N
People involved : Push Factors : Pull Factors: Effects :
scientists ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ………………………………………....
……………………………….. poverty ……………………………….. ………………………………………....
……………………………….. ……………………………….. ……………………………….. ………………………………………....
3. Match the following words/expressions with their corresponding opposites :
1 a 4. Write at least 3 sentences to suggest some steps our governement
2 b should take into consideration to deal with the issue of brain drain.
3 c
4 d
5 e 1) create more attractive working environment for creative minds .
6 f 2) ……………………………………………….………………………………..………………………
7 g 3) ……………………………………...…………………………………………………………………
8 h 4) ……………………………………………….………………………………..………………………
9 i 5) ……………………………………………….………………………………..………………………
10 j 6) ……………………………………………….………………………………..………………………
Brain drain ( or human capital flight ) is the edeparture of highly qualified and skilled individuals from home countries to host countries in search
of better social , economic, political, or professional environments.
Emigrants Push Factors Pull Factors Departure Points
High qualified Socio-economic : from:
individuals : Search for:
*Bright students Political: in :
*Professionals :
Educational / academic: Destinations
to:
Personal: in:
Effects of Brain Drain Solutions to Brain Drain

Brain drain causes loss of manpower , empties poor countries of their Governments should create more job opportunities , offer higher salaries ,
skilled workforce, widens the gap between rich and poor countries , maintain social and political stability, fight corruption , respect human rights.
perpetuates political and economic over-dependence on developed Qualified imigrants should return home, forget about their selfish pursuits and
countries. take part in the development of their countries.
A. Fill in the blanks with the following words ffrom the list:
departure - Africa - home - asylum - individual freedoms - qualified - research facilities - host - doctors and engineers - low - researchers - jobless
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B. Extended Reading : ‘Human Capital’ , ‘Brain Drain’, ‘Brain Gain’ , ‘Brain Circulation’
For most people, ‘capital’ means cash, a bank account, company shares or real estate. Indeed, all of these are forms of capital, they are assets that bring
income over time. However, there are more forms of capital than these tangible ones. Knowledge and skills can be considered as forms of capital. Like other
assets, they are commonly viewed to bring benefits over time. Education and training (as well as expenditure on health) are seen as key investments with
regard to human capital formation. They create private return : they will at a later stage result in better employment, which translates into higher incomes for
the individuals concerned. In addition, they are also seen as crucial components for the performance levels of national economies: a higher education-level of
the workforce will, according to this view, produce higher economic growth and employment. Since the knowledge and skills of people constitute capital, when
they emigrate from the country where they were educated and trained, that capital also leaves ; it is lost by the country of origin and gained by the destination
country. From the point of view of the country of origin, its earlier investment into the education and training of the emigrant has been useless spending. What
was intended to be an investment turned out to be simple ‘consumption’. This loss is obviously greatest where the investment has been substantial, which is
generally considered to the case be for the ‘highly skilled’ and particularly with researchers. The destination country receives the human capital as a gift. It
has made a ‘brain gain’, whereas the country of origin has suffered a ‘brain drain’. It should be noted that one usually speaks of ‘brain gain’ and ‘brain drain’
only if there is a large number of migrants. Situations that are characterized by the movement of people in sizeable numbers but in a relative equilibrium, are
often referred to as ‘brain exchange’ or ‘brain circulation’.

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BAC 2016 - B R A I N D R A I N / VO C A B U L A RY Mr.

1. Find in the interview words or expressions meaning the same as:

*Bright students Political: in :

Effects of Brain Drain Solutions to Brain Drain

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