unit

For each sentence, choose the word or phrase that means the same as the
word in bold type. Do not use your dictionary. The bold words are
new in this unit.
1. She works 40 hours a week and she gets three weeks of
vacation. She usually visits her family during her vacation.
a. money c. hot places
b. exercise d. time not working
2. I have six oranges but I only need two. That means I have
four extra oranges.
a. more than needed c. strange
b. less than wanted d. sweet
3. It's the pilot's duty to fly the plane safely.
a. chance c. behavior
b. necessary act d. exercise
4. One of the benefits of exercising is that you feel good.
a. something good c. something natural
b. something bad d. something expensive
5. Everyone was hungry, but they only had one sandwich. They
decided to share the sandwich so that everyone got a little.
a. throw away c. divide in equal parts
b. make d. chew it slowly
6. The loudness of the music continued to increase. Finally, it
was so loud everyone left the room. When something
increases, there is of it.
a. more c. the same amount
b. less d. none
7. If you want to study, don't sit in that chair. It's very
comfortable, and you might fall asleep.
a. hard c. exciting
b. relaxing d. boring

144 Ill ������������-U -ti _ __ __ _ _ _ __ _e_ --re

n S : W o r k a n d L is u
 8. He always gets dressed after breakfast because he doesn't
want to get food on his school clothes.
a. takes clothes off c. puts clothes on
b. chooses clothes d. hates clothes
9. What's your favorite meal-breakfast, lunch, or dinner?
a. day of the week c. time to get up
b. time to eat d. part of a movie
10. My friend has a hundred jazz CDs. Obviously, he likes jazz
music.
a. It is hard to believe that c. It is strange that
b. It is better that d. It is easy to see that

145
Context Clues
lesson Work Hours

1 Country
Normal Work Hours Vacation Days
Each Week Each Year

Argentina 48 hours 14 to 35 days

France 35 hours 25 days
Germany 40 hours 30 days
Thailand 48 hours At least 6 days per year
United States 40 hours 10 to 20 days

Before You Read

Look at the chart and the pictures. Read the sentences.
Check (.I) True, False, or Don't Know.
True False Don't Know

1. People in France work more D D D

hours than people in Germany.

2. People in Germany have the D D D

longest vacations.

3. Most people work about eight D D D

hours a day.

146
•------- Unit 5: Work and Leisure
 1 Work Hours
Many people say that they are working too many
hours. They don't have enough time with their families.
They can't take care of things at home. They don't have
time to relax.
Work hours � from one country to another. In are different
France, people spend about 1,646 hours a year at work.
In Japan, however, people work about 2,159 hours a
year. That means a Japanese employee works 513 more worker
hours a year than a French employee. That is more than
12 weeks, or three months, of extra work!
Why do people work so many hours? Some people
work extra hours because they want to earn more
money. However, many companies don't pay overtime.
Their employees don't get extra pay for extra work.
These people work extra hours because they think it's
their duty. Some people are afraid they will lose their
job if they don't work extra hours.
Many people say that their vacations are too short.
In France, people get five weeks of paid vacation. In
Germany, they get from four to six weeks. In the United
States, two weeks of vacation is the average. Many
people don't even use all of their vacation days. In one
study in Great Britain, fewer than half of workers used
all their vacation days. In English, people say, "All work
and no play makes Jack a dull boy." If that is true, there boring
are a lot of dull people in the world.

147
Lesson 1: Work Hours
[al Vocabulary
Put the right word in each blank. The sentences are from the text.
average earn extra pay
dull employee lose vary
duty enough overtime vacations
1. Some people work extra hours because they want to _______
more money.
2. All work and no play makes Jack a _______ boy.
3. However, many companies don't pay _______
4. In the United States, two weeks of vacation is the _______
5. Work hours from one country to another.
6. These people work extra hours because they think it's their _____
7. A Japanese employee works 513 more hours a year than a French

8. They don't have _______ time with their families.

9. That is more than 12 weeks, or three months, of work!
10. Some people are afraid they will their job if they
don't work extra hours.
11. Many people say that their are too short.

[ii] Vocabulary: New Context

Put the right word in each blank. These are new sentences for words in the text.
average earn extra pay
dull employees lose varies
duties enough overtime vacation
1. They left early because the movie was very _______
2. She didn't buy the book because she didn't have money.
3. At the movies, you before you enter the theater.
4. He worked four hours of last week.
5. In some places, the weather from day to day.
6. He wants to get a job so he can some money.
7. The person sleeps about eight hours a day.

148
Unit 5: Work and Leisure
 8. Florida is a popular place for a _______
9. Take care of your passport. You don't want to it.
10. One of my at home is to cook dinner.
11. How many does his company have?
12. Do you want an _______ piece of cake?

Vocabulary Review

Underline the word that does not belong with the other three.
1. calm, peaceful, relaxed, dangerous
2. guitar, harmonica, broom, violin
3. roast, pretend, bake, fry
4. chew, yawn, laugh, affect
5. basket, office, farm, museum
6. bored, soft, alert, lonely
7. scientist, medicine, composer, farmer
8. cattle, dolphin, date palm, bear

Questions

The asterisk (*) means you have to think of the answer. You cannot find it in the text.
1. What do people need more time to do?
2. How many hours a year do people in France work?
3. How many hours a year do people in Japan work?
4. Why do some people work extra hours?
"'5. Why don't some companies pay overtime?
6. In which country do people get the longest vacations?
*7. Why don't people use all of their vacation days?

149
Lesson 1 : Work Hours
 e Com rehension: True False No Information
Write T if the sentence is true. Write F if the sentence is false. Write NI if there is no
information about the sentence in the text.
__ 1. People in France work more hours than people in Japan.
___ 2. You don't always earn extra money when you work extra hours.
___ 3. If your company pays overtime, you get more money when you
work extra hours.
__ 4. [n most countries, people get five weeks of vacation every year.
__ 5. People in the United States have fewer vacation days than people
in France or Germany.
__ 6. In Great Britain, most employees use all their vacation days.

f Main Idea
Circle the number of the main idea of the text.
1. Many employees work extra hours, but they don't get paid for it.
2. Some people get longer vacations than others.
3. A lot of people think they are working too hard.

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 Salaries

2
lesson

Before You Read

Look at the pictures. Read the sentences.

Check (vi) True, False, or Don't Know.
True False Don't Know

1. Doctors often work overtime. D D D

2. It's harder to become a pilot D D D
than a waiter.

3. A dentist's pay is higher than · D D D

a waiter's pay.
1 51
Lesson 2: Salaries
 2 Salaries
In the United States, you probably shouldn't ask the
question "How much money do you earn?" Many
people trunk that their salary is private information. the money paid for
doing a job
However, you can find out the typical salary for
different jobs on the Internet.
What are the best-paying jobs? In the United States,
doctors, dentists, and pilots get the highest salaries.
Why is that? Maybe it's because it takes many years of
study to enter these professions. Which jobs pay the
lowest salaries? All of the lowest-paying jobs are
connected to food. Cooks in fast-food restaurants and
waiters get the lowest salaries in the United States.
Of course, your salary is not just the money you
earn every week or month. In many jobs, you get a
salary and benefits. Benefits are the extra things
your employer gives you. Common benefits are
health insurance and paid vacations. Benefits equal
about 25% of an employee's salary. For example, a
person with a salary of $40,000 plus benefits is really and, +
earning about $50,000. That's a lot of extra money!

152
Unit 5: Work and Leisure
 a Vocabulary
Put the right word in each blank. The sentences are from the text.
benefits employer pilots doctors
dentists health insurance plus salary
professions Internet private waiters
1. In many jobs, you get a salary and _______
2. In the United States, _______
_______ get the highest salaries.
3. You can find out the typical salary of different jobs on the __ _ ___
4. A person with a salary of $40,000 benefits is really
earning about $50,000.
5. Common benefits are _______ and paid vacations.
6. Cooks in fast-food restaurants and get the lowest
salaries in the United States.
7. It takes many years of study to enter these _______
8. Many people think that their _______ 1s
_______ information.
9. Benefits are the extra things your _______ gives you.

b Vocabulary: New Context

Put the right word in each blank. These are new sentences for words in the text.
benefits employer pilots doctor
dentist health insurance plus salary
professions Internet private waiters
1. Your. pays your salary.
2. When you have a toothache, you should go to a _______
3. If the sign on a door says , you shouldn't enter.
4. Ten ten equals twenty.
5. Her father changed ______ several times during his life. First
he was a doctor, and then he became a business man and then a teacher.
6. People in the United States pay for their own ; the

•
government does not provide it.

153
Lesson 2: Salaries
 7. _______ work in restaurants.
8. One of the _______ of the Internet is that you get lots of
free information.
9. Is your _______ higher this year than last year?
10. A pediatrician is a for children.
11. There are usually two on an airplane.
12. The is a worldwide computer system of facts and news.

[cl Vocabulary Review

Match each word in Column A with the word or phrase in Column B that means the
same. Write the letter on the line following the word in Column A.
Column A Column B
1. hard a. usual
2. relaxed b. difficult
3. common c. one of two things
4. boring d. not slow
5. either e. not safe
6. bake f. not cheap
7. dangerous g. calm
8. quick h. cook in the oven
9. expensive i. not interesting

Questions
The asterisk(*) means you have to think of the answer. You cannot find it in the text.
1. Which jobs in the United States have the highest salaries?
2. Which jobs have the lowest salaries?
3. What are some common benefits that employers give employees?
4. Where can you find the salaries of different jobs?
*5. Why do you think cooks and waiters get low salaries?
*6. How much is a person with a salary of $20,000 plus benefits
really earning?
*7. What is the difference between a job and a profession?
*8. Why do some people think that their salary is private information?

154
Unit 5: Work and Leisure
[e::: Comprehension: Multiple Choice

Put a circle around the letter of the best answer.

1. Paid vacation is __
a. a profession c. a kind of benefit
b. a kind of overtime d. for employers only
2. The money you earn at a job is your __
a. Internet c. insurance
b. salary d. employer
3. You get from your employer.
a. a profession c. employees
b. a waiter d. benefits
4. Benefits equal about __ of an employee's salary.
a. half c. 25%
b. 10% d. 30%
5. It takes a long time to become __
a. an employee c. a waiter
b. a pilot d. a cook in a fast-food restaurant

f Main Idea
Circle the number of the main idea of the text.
1. Salary and benefits vary from one job to another.
2. Health insurance is one type of benefit.
3. It takes a long time to become a doctor, dentist, or pilot.

155
Lesson 2: Salaries
lesson Family-Friendly

3 Country
Companies
Time off for the Birth of a Child

Finland 105 days of paid time off for mothers

42 days of paid time off for fathers
Japan 14 weeks unpaid time off for mothers
United States 12 weeks of unpaid time off for mothers

Before You Read

Look at the picture and the chart. Read the sentences.

Check (/') True, False, or Don't Know.
True False Don't Know

1. All countries give paid D D D

time off at the birth of a child.

2. In Finland, fathers get paid D D D

time off at the birth of a child.

3. Most companies are family- D D D

friendly.

156
Unit 5: Work and Leisure
3 Family-Friendly
Companies
In many families today, both the mother and the
father have jobs outside the home. This can make it
difficult to take care of the children. To help, some
companies are changing the work rules. These
companies are trying to be more family-friendly.
What are companies doing to become family­
friendly? Many companies are allowing their
employees to work flexible hours. With flexible hours,
or flextime, people can work full time, but they don't
have to work a nine-to-five schedule. Some employees
choose to come in early and leave early. Some
employees choose to work ten hours one day and six
hours the next. Most companies say that flexible hours
increase productivity. In the United States, about
one-third of full-time employees have flexible
work schedules.
Family-friendly companies also allow two
employees to share one job. Each employee does half
the job and gets half the salary. In the United States, 27%
of companies offer some kind of job sharing.
Many family-friendly companies also give paid
leave to both parents when a baby is born. In many time off from a job that is
not vacation or sick days
countries, employers have to give female workers
time off before and after the birth of a child. In the time not at work
United States, for example, female employees get 12
weeks of unpaid time off. New mothers can stay at
home, but they don't get their salary. In some countries,
employers have to give all workers paid leave for the
birth of a child. In Finland, for example, both male and
female employees get paid leave. Women get 105 days
of paid leave and men get 42!
The way people work is changing. For many people,
that is a good thing.

Lesson 3: Family-Friendly Companies • 157

[aj Vocabulary

Put the right word in each blank. The sentences are from the text.
allowing flexible time off share leave
choose full time comparues schedule become
female increase rules unpaid male
1. Many companies are _______ their employees to work
_______ hours.
2. Most companies say that flexible hours _______ productivity.
3. Family-friendly companies also allow two employees to ______
one job.
4. To help, some companies are changing the work _______
5. With flexible hours, people can work -------, but they don't
have to work a nine-to-five _______
6. In many countries, employers have to give ________ workers
_______ before and after the birth of a child.
7. In Finland, for example, both _______ and female employees
get paid leave.
8. In the United States, for e;><ample, female employees get 12 weeks of
_______ time off.
9. Some employees _______ to come in early and leave early.
10. In some countries, employers have to give all workers paid
______ for the birth of a child.

f6J Vocabulary: New Context

Put the right word in each blank. These are new sentences for words in the text.
allow flexible time off share female
choose full-time male employers schedule
leave increase salary rules unpaid
1. Do you want a ________ job or a part-time job?
2. Did your parents you to work when you were in
high school?

158
Unit 5: Work and Leisure
 3. Reading helps to _______ your vocabulary.
4. In the past, most pilots were , but today there are
many pilots.
5. Do you know the _______ for American football?
6. Who has a more body-a 15-year-old boy or an 80-
year-old man?
7. Do you take _______ every year? How many days of paid
_______ do you get?
8. Is it important to teach children to _______ things with their
friends?
9. Where can I get a bus _______?
10. Do you think people should _______ their own name?

C Vocabulary Review
Put the right word in each blank.
instead of stretch exercise company
expensive hate produce louder
private disease alone visit
1. It's hard to eat something you _______
2. AIDS is a dangerous _______
3. What crops does your country _______ ?
4. Do you know anyone who lives _______ ?
5. What countries did you last year?
6. My employer has his own airplane.
7. Many people choose to live in the country the city.
8. If you your arms, you can touch your toes.
9. Which is more -a video or a CD?
10. How many times a week do you ?

Lesson 3: Family-Friendly Companies • 159

dI Questions

The asterisk(*) means you have to think of the answer. You cannot find it in the text.
1. What are flexible work hours?
2. What is job sharing?
*3. Why are some companies becoming more family-friendly?
4. Why do employers like flexible work hours?
5. Why do employees like flexible work hours?
*6. Why are more men getting time off after the birth of a child?

e Comprehension: True/False/No Information

Write T if the sentence is true. Write F if the sentence is false. Write NI if there is no
information about the sentence in the text.
___ 1. Most companies offer employees flexible hours.
___ 2. With job sharing, one person has two jobs.
___ 3. Paid leave is different from paid vacation.
___ 4. Family-friendly companies are trying to help employees
with children.
___ 5. Only employees with children can share jobs.
__ 6. In Finland, both men and women get time off for the birth of
a child.

f Main Idea

Circle the number of the main idea of the text.

1. The way people work is changing.
2. More people are sharing jobs.
3. Companies are becoming more productive.

160 1111 �����������-U-n-i _ _ _ _ _ ___n_ _ _e_si -ru -e

t S : W or k a d L
 Work Clothes lesson

Before You Read

Look at the picture. Read the sentences.

Check (v') True, False, or Don't Know.
True False Don't Know

1. All the women are wearing blouses. D D D

2. All the men are wearing suits. D D D
3. Most companies have rules D D D
about work clothes.

0-
----......,...---- .-
Lesson 4: Work Clothes com
161
4 Work Clothes
For some people, it's easy to get dressed for work.
Pilots and police officers, for example, don't have to
make decisions about their work clothes. They wear choices
uniforms to work every day.
For many office workers, however, it is more difficult
to choose clothes for work. They do not wear uniforms
to the office. Also, many employers are changing their
dress codes. They are allowing their employees to wear rules about what clothes
casual clothes to work. to wear
The change to casual work clothes began in the
1990s. At first, many companies in the United States
allowed employees to wear casual clothes on one day of
the week-Friday. Friday became "Casual Friday" or
"Dress-down Friday." Today, however, many companies
are allowing their employees to wear casual clothes
every day of the week.
Why are companies allowing their employees to
wear casual clothes? Some studies show that people are
more productive when they are wearing comfortable
clothes. Employees also like the casual dress code
because they don't need to buy special clothes for work.
They can save money this way.
Unfortunately, a casual dress code can also cause
problems. Sometimes employees dress too casually.
They think they can wear anything. Many companies
have rules about casual clothes. They list the kinds of
clothes that are not "business-casual" clothes. Blue
jeans, sandals, and sportswear are examples of clothes
that are usually too casual for the office.

162
• Unit 5: Work and Leisure
 a Vocabulary

Put the right word in each blank. The sentences are from the text.
casual get dressed police officers
comfortable dress codes special
decisions uniforms sportswear
1. They wear _______ to work every day.
2. Pilots and , for example, don't have to make
_______ about their work clothes.
3. Blue jeans, sandals, and _______ are examples of clothes that
are usually too casual for the office.
4. That is because many employers are changing their _______
5. Some studies show that people are more productive when they are
wearing clothes.
6. They are allowing their employees to wear clothes to work.
7. Employees also like the casual dress code because they don't need to buy
------- clothes for work.
8. For some people, it's easy to _______ for work.

[b; Vocabulary: New Context

Put the right word in each blank. These are new sentences for words in the text.
casual get dressed police officers
comfortable dress codes special
decide uniform sportswear
1. Why did she _______ to become a pilot?
2. There are more male than female ones.
3. Soccer players wear their team's _______
4. People don't usually wear _______ clothes to a wedding.
5. Most schools have _______
6. You can wear _______ to the lake.
7. Sportswear is more than office clothes.
8. She has clothes that she wears only to work.
9. How long does it take you to in the morning?

163
Lesson 4: Work Clothes
 C Vocabulary Review

Match each word in Column A with the word in Column B that means the opposite.
Write the letter on the line following the word in Column A.
Column A Column B
1. boring a. leave
2. interesting ___ b. public
3. earn ___ c. dull
4. private __ d. love
5. country __ e. exciting
6. hate ___ £. calm
7. nervous ___ g. spend
8. stay __ h. city

dI Questions

The asterisk(*) means you have to think of the answer. You cannot find it in the text.
1. What do pilots wear to work?
2. What is happening to dress codes at many companies?
3. What is "Casual Friday"?
*4. What is an example of sportswear?
5. Why do employees like to wear casual clothes to work?
6. Why do employers like the casual dress code?
7. What problems can a casual dress code cause?

164
Unit 5: Work and Leisure
 Comprehension: Multiple Choice
Put a circle around the letter of the best answer.
1. Pilots and police officers wear ___ to work.
a. casual clothes c. uniforms
b. sportswear d. blue jeans
2. At first, people wore casual clothes ___
a. every day c. at work
b. on Friday d. any day
3. Some studies show that employees when they are wearing
comfortable clothes.
a. eat more c. buy more
b. work longer hours d. produce more
4. are not "business-casual" clothes.
a. Sandals c. Comfortable clothes
b. Shoes d. Pants
5. A dress code tells what you can and can't __ at work.
a. do c. wear
b. say d. save

f Main Idea
Circle the number of the main idea of the text.
1. Pilots wear uniforms to work.
2. Dress codes are becoming more casual.
3. Work clothes are special clothes.

Lesson 4: Work Clothes • 165

lesson Time Off

Before You Read

Look at the pictures. Read the sentences.
Check (ti) True, False, or Don't Know.
True False Don't Know

1. Watching TV is a popular D D D
free-time activity.

2. People spend more time eating D D D

than watching TV.

3. Few people had a computer D D D

at home 20 years ago.

166
Unit 5: Work and Leisure
5 Time Off
Amal works 45 hours a week. It takes him an hour to
travel to work every day. That means he spends 10
hours commuting each week. At home, Amal spends traveling to work
about 23 hours a week doing work around the house. Of
course, he needs to sleep (56 hours a week) and prepare
and eat meals (14 hours a week). So Amal has 20 hours
of leisure. That is a typical amount of leisure time for free time
someone in the United States.
What do people do in their leisure time? Obviously,
watching television is a popular free-time activity in
many countries. Studies show that people are watching
more TV today than they did twenty years ago. That is
probably because there are many more TV channels
today. People can choose programs from hundreds of
TV channels.
Computers are also changing the way people use
their leisure time. Today people are spending more time
doing things on their computers. Surfing the Internet is
becoming another popular free-time activity. In fact,
some employers are finding that workers are skipping
lunch to surf the Internet.
More and more, people are mixing their work time
and play time. They talk on the telephone while they are
commuting to work. They read work papers while they
are eating. They listen to music while they are studying.
Maybe this is why people believe that they have less
free time today.

Lesson 5: Time Off • 167

 a, Vocabulary
Put the right word in each blank. The sentences are from the text.
channels leisure popular prepare
commuting meals programs typical
computers choose obviously surfing
1. are also changing the way people use their leisure time.
2. Of course, he needs to sleep (56 hours a week) and _______
and eat _______ (14 hours a week).
3. -------, watching TV is a popular free-time activity in many
countries.
4. That means he spends 10 hours each week.
5. the Internet is becoming another popular free-time activity.
6. So Amal has 20 hours of time.
7. That is probably because there are many more TV today.
8. People can choose from hundreds of TV channels.

bj Vocabulary: New Context

Put the right word in each blank. These are new sentences for words in the text.
channels probably leisure prepares
commute believe program meal
computer obviously surf mix
1. What is your favorite evening TV ?
2. Too many people to work by car. The roads are
very crowded.
3. Do you know how to use a ?
4. How much time do you have each week?
5. Why do people like to the Internet?
6. she is very smart. She finished high school at age 14.
7. Who _______ the meals in your family?
8. What's your favorite -breakfast, lunch, or dinner?
9. How many do you get on your TV?

168
Unit 5: Work and Leisure
 C Vocabulary Review
Underline the word that does not belong with the other three.
1. dull, boring, exciting, uninteresting
2. doctor, dentist, employer, waiter
3. benefits, schedule, salary, pay
4. travel, commute, pretend, move
5. lose, and, plus, add
6. dangerous, peaceful, calm, relaxing
7. sportswear, casual clothes, perform.ers, uniforms
8. choose, vary, decide, pick

The asterisk (*) means you have to think of the answer. You cannot find it in the text.
*1. How many hours a day does Amal spend sleeping?
2. How much leisure time does he have every week?
3. What are some popular leisure activities?
4. What do people like to do with their computers?
*5. What kinds of things do employees do during their lunch time?
*6. Why are so many people mixing their work activities and
free-time activities?

Lesson 5: Time Off • 169

 e Comprehension: True/False/No Information
Write T if the sentence is true. Write F if the sentence is false. Write NI if there is no
information about the sentence in the text.
1. Amal has a very unusual work schedule.
2. Amal prepares all of the meals at home.
3. Most people in the United States commute by car.
4. Most people in the United States have about 20 hours of leisure
time each week.
5. Watching TV is a popular leisure activity.
6. There were hundreds of TV channels twenty years ago.
7. There are more programs on TV today.
8. Instead of working, many employees are surfing the Internet.
9. People have less free time today than in the past.
__ 10. People are studying and eating more today.

Main Idea
Circle the number of the main idea of the text.
1. leisure time is important.
2. People spend a lot of leisure time watching TV.
3. The way people use their leisure time is changing.

170 11111 ������������-U n- ___ _ _ _ _ _n__ _e_-u-r

ti S : W o r k a d L si e
 al Verbs: Present Continuous Tense
Use the present continuous tense for something that is happening
right now. Use am, is, or are and the -ing form of the verb (be +
simple verb + -ing).
Examples: Now she is shopping for food.
The birds are flying south.
Spelling: 1. Use the 1-1-1 rule.
shop - shopping put - putting
2. If a verb ends in e, drop the e and add -ing.
live - living leave - leaving
3. If a verb ends in ie, change the ie to y.
4. If a verb ends in y, just add -ing.
study - studying fly - flying
Write sentences in the present continuous tense. Tell something that is
happening now. Use these verbs.
1. visit 4. work 7. relax 10. carry
2. share 5. commute 8. fry
3. sit 6. study 9. use

b Irregular Verbs

1. Memorize these verb forms. Then use the past tense of each
verb in a sentence.
Simple Verb Past Tense Simple Verb Past Tense
a. become became e. feel felt
b. buy bought f. find found
c. choose chose g. put put
d. bring brought h. lose lost

Word Study • 1 71
 2. Write the past tense of each verb.
a. see g. sell __
b. go h. get __
c. be ___ i. come __
d. give __ J· grow __
e. make __ k. teach __
f. eat ___ 1. take __

Un-
Un- means not.
Add un- to each of these words. Then put the words in the blanks.
happy popular like paid
hurt afraid kind common
1. A kiwi is _______ . It lives only in New Zealand.
2. Sam is with his classmates because he-is
often to them.
3. Carol is only �elve years old. She was alone in the house
during a storm, but she was _______
4. The baby fell off a chair, but luckily she was ------
5. I get a two-week vacation, but unfortunately it's _____
6. He's because he lost his job.

172
• Unit 5: Work and Leisure
 d Compound Words

Put each word from Column A with a word from Column B to make a
compound word. Write the compound word in Column C.
Column A Column B ColumnC
1. under a. light
2. near b. mate
3. sun c. work
4. sun d. water
5. spring e. food
6. under f. not
7. room g. by
8. sea h. time
9. home i. line
10. can j. rise

e Collocations

We often use certain adjectives and nouns together. For example,

we often use the adjective warm with the noun coat. However, we
don't use the adjective cold with the noun coat.
Example: I have a warm coat for the winter.
What adjectives do we often use with the nouns below?
Adjectives Nouns
flexible salary
low sound
strong coffee
popular hours
high time
beat
activity
music

Word Study • 173

 What verb do we often use with each noun below? Draw a line to
connect the verb to the noun.
Verbs Nouns
cause the Internet
earn a job
enter a meal
mcrease money
prepare a problem
get a profession
surf productivity
What verbs do we often use with the noun money? Add your ideas to
the chart.

Verbs Noun
s���
s ____
e ___ money
m ___
l ___

f Writing
Use real information to write your answers.
1. How many hours and days a week would you like to work?
2. What's a good profession? Why do you think·so?
3. How do you spend your leisure time?

174
Unit 5: Work and Leisure
� Before You Watch

1. Interview a partner. Write your partner's answers below

each question.
a. What job would you like to have?

b. What job wouldn't you like to have? Why?

c. What are some dangerous jobs?

Report your partner's answers to the class.

2. Discuss this scene from the video with your classmates.
a. What is happening?
b. Why do you think this firefighter likes his job?
c. What are some of the difficult things about a
firefighter's job?

[ii; As You Watch

Listen for these facts from the video. Write in the missing
information.

The name of the firehouse Firehouse 11

The number of firefighters

on the crew
The number of fires and
rescues each year

_ _ • 175
V-i-d-eo-H-g_i h_il g-h-st _________ __
 C After You Watch
1. Check (v') all the correct answers to the question below.

Why do these firefighters like their job?

__ It is exciting and full of action.
__ There is never anything to do.
__ The firefighters like to save lives.
__ The part of Los Angeles where they work is peaceful
and safe.
2. Complete the sentence, and then share your sentence with
your classmates.
I (want I do not want) to be a firefighter in Los Angeles,
California, because

176
• Unit 5: Work and Leisure
Workplace Ladder
Play this game with 3 or 4 people. Choose one of your group to
be the judge. The other people will each need a coin or a button,
and the group will need one die. All players begin with their
coins (or buttons) on START. Follow these directions:

•
1. Put your coin (or button) on START.
2. Roll the die. Move your coin the same number of squares as
the number on the die.
3. When you get to a square, say the word that belongs in the button
blank and spell it correctly. The judge decides if you are right
or wrong. If you are right, you get another turn. If you are
wrong, it is the next player's turn. 11�1
4. The player who reaches FINISH first wins the game. �
die

Sylvia is Jon's Kate is a police _.

emploree. Jon is She wears a uniform to FINISH
Sylvia s -· work.

A bus driver drives a

bus. A_ flies an
airplane.

When you go to a
Tito writes music. He is restaurant, If you have a
a_. the _ toothache, you should
brings you your food. go to a_.

Anna is studying the

history of art. She
wants to work in an art
-·
A manager usually Jorge grows crops and
START works in an _ with raises animals on a
a desk, a telephone, small_.
and a computer.

Activity Page • 177

 Learning Word Forms
1. Use the dictionary definitions to complete the chart below.
em•ploy /cm'pb1, Im-/ v. [T] em,ploy,ee /cm'pbii, cmpb1'i/
1 to provide paid work to n. s.o. who works for a person,
people: That company employs business, or government: She is
1,000 workers. 2 to use: The an employee of this company.
company employs computers to em•ploy•ment / cm'pl::nm�nt,
keep track of expenses. Im-/ n. [U] 1 a job paying
em•ploy•able I cm'pb1;:,b�l/ adj. a salary or wages: He is out
1 ready and able to be of work and looking for
employed: She has computer employment. 2 frml. use: the
skills and a positive outlook; she's employment of force will lead to
employable. 2 frml. usable, greater violence.
workable: That computer is
employable for accounting
purposes. -n. employability.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb

employ

2. Use your dictionary to find the missing forms of the words in

the chart below.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb

decision
lose
privacy
flexible
special
prepare

178 -"
Unit 5: Work and Leisure