BZ Lab 7

The document summarizes key information about the phyla Mollusca and Annelida from a zoology laboratory exercise. It discusses the functions of the clitellum and cocoon in earthworm reproduction, the role of the siphuncle in buoyancy regulation in cephalopods, and some important differences in reproductive strategies between classes of annelids. The student is asked to draw and label diagrams of representative gastropod, bivalve, cephalopod, and annelid specimens.

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BZ Lab 7

Uploaded by

Alexa Jean D. Honrejas

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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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GENERALZOOLOGYLABORATORY

Exercise No. 7
Mollusca and Annelida

Name: ALEXA JEAN D. HONREJAS Section:BIO 102 ABM1

Lab Instructor/Professor: _MRS. DAWN FAJARDO Date Submitted: 12-05-22

Laboratory Activity 7
Higher Invertebrates – Phyla Mollusca and Annelida

Questions:

1. What is the function of the clitellum and the cocoon in earthworm?

A clitellum is a modification of a segment of the body wall consisting of a glandular,
saddlelike thickening near the gonopores in sexually mature oligochaetes. Clitellums
produce mucus, which holds the worms together while sperm is transferred. Mucus
sheath forms the cocoon and fertilisation of the egg occurs within the cocoon. The
worm deposits the cocoon in the soil. The cover of the cocoon soon becomes thick
and protects the eggs and sperm.

2. What is the function of the siphuncle in cephalopods?

As the shell expands, the siphuncle is largely utilized to drain water from new
chambers. Essentially, the cephalopod raises the salinity of the blood in the
siphuncle, and water passes from the more dilute chamber into the blood via
osmosis. Removing water from the shell's chambers decreases the shell's total
density, and the shell acts as a flotation mechanism similar to the swim bladder in
bony fish.
3. Name five ways in which mollusk are important to human?
 Provide us foods
 Jewelry and decoration
 Scientific studies
4. What are the main differences in reproduction among the three classes of annelids?
Annelid reproduction is a complicated subject. Leeches can only reproduce
sexually, but polychaetes and oligochaetes can reproduce both sexually and
asexually. Asexual reproduction happens via budding or fission and does not
include the generation of gametes (eggs and sperm).
GENERALZOOLOGYLABORATORY
Polychaeta - sexes generally separate with gametes discharged directly into the
water, where fertilization and development occur; the free-swimming larva called
a trochophore.
Oligochaeta - reproduction by copulation, with fertilized eggs laid in a cocoon
secreted by clitellum; development direct, without larval stages
Hirudinea.- hermaphroditic, with fertilized eggs laid in a cocoon secreted by
clitellum; development direct without larval stages.
1. Draw and label the internal and external parts of the following:
a. Figure 1. Identify and label the internal and external parts of a Gastropod (snail)
b. Figure 2. Identify and label the internal and external parts of a Bivalve (clam)
c. Figure 3. Identify and label the internal and external parts of a Cephalopod (Squid )
d. Figure 4. Identify and label the internal and external parts of an Annelid (Earthworm)
NOTE: Secure photos of your specimens, then insert the pictures at the respective figures.