Mathematics 2015
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Teddy BareMATHEMATICS 2015
WGHS
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ROUND 1(FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS)
[PRELIMS]
(1-27)
PREAMBLE: Given that log2 = 0.301 and log3 = 0.477 evaluate
1. log24
ANSWER: 1.380
[log24 = log8 + log 3 = 3log2 + log3 = 3(0.301) + 0.477 = 0.903 + 0.477 = 1.380]
2. log36
ANSWER: 1.556
[log36 = log4 + log 9 = 2log2 + 2log3 = 2(0.301) + 2(0.477) = 2(0.778) = 1.556]
3. log(9/4)
ANSWER: 0.352
[log9 – log4 = 2log3 – 2log2 = 2(0.477 – 0.301) = 2(0.176) = 0.352]
PREAMBLE: Simplify the rational expression.
4. (x2 + 2x + 1)/(x + 1)
ANSWER: (x + 1) [ (x +1)2/(x +1) = x + 1]
5. (x2 – 2x)/(x2 – 4)
ANSWER: x/(x + 2) [ x(x – 2)/(x + 2)(x – 2) = x/(x + 2)]
6. (x2 – 49)/(x + 7)
ANSWER: (x - 7) [ (x - 7)(x + 7)/(x + 7) = (x – 7)]
PREAMBLE: Convert the degree measure to radian measure, and leave answer in π.
7. 18 degrees
ANSWER: (π/10) radians [18 x π/180 = π/10]
8. 165 degrees
ANSWER: (11π/12) radians [165 x π/180 = 11π/12]
9. 48 degrees
ANSWER: 4π/15 radians [48 x π/180 = 4π/15]
PREAMBLE: Find a number n such that
1. Six times the number, decreased by 20 is four times the number.
ANSWER: n = 10
(6n – 20 = 4n, 2n = 20, n = 10)
2. The sum of four and twice the number is equal to the sum of the number and twenty four.
ANSWER: n = 20
[4 + 2n = n + 24, n = 20]
3. Three times the difference of twice the number and 20 is 30.
ANSWER: n = 15
[3(2n – 20) = 30, 6n – 60 = 30, 6n = 90, n = 15]
PREAMBLE: Find the sum and the product of the roots of the given quadratic equation:
4. 3x2 + 7x + 5 = 0
ANSWER: sum = -7/3, product = 5/3
5. 5x2 - 3x – 9 = 0
ANSWER: sum = 3/5, product = -9/5
2
6. 7x + 9x – 14 = 0
ANSWER: sum = -9/7, product = -2
ANSWER: 𝟐𝟓√𝟑 𝐍 = 𝟒𝟑 𝐍
PREAMBLE: Find the equation of the straight line through the given points:
7. A(2, 1) and B(1, 2)
ANSWER: y = -x + 3 [m = 1/-1 = -1; (y – 1) = -1(x – 2) = -x + 2, y = -x + 3]
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~ MATHEMATICS ~
8. C(1, -2) and D(2, -1)
ANSWER: y = x – 3
[m = 1/1 = 1, y + 2 = 1(x – 1), y = x – 3]
9. E(2, 5) and F(-2, -3)
ANSWER: y = 2x + 1 [m = 8/4 = 2, y – 5 = 2(x – 2), y = 2x + 1]
PREAMBLE: Express as logarithm of a single number.
1. 2 – 3log2
ANSWER: log(25/2) [log100 – log8 = log(100/8) = log(25/2)]
2. 1 + 2log5
ANSWER: log(250) [log10 + log25 = log250]
3. 3 – 2log5
ANSWER: log40 [log1000 – log25 = log(1000/25) = log(40)]
PREAMBLE: Express the product in factorial form
4. 5 x 4 x 3
ANSWER: 5!/2!
5. 6 x 5 x 4
ANSWER: 6!/3!
6. 10 x 9 x 8 x 7
ANSWER: 10!/6!
PREAMBLE: A fair die is thrown once. Find the probability of obtaining
7. A prime number
ANSWER: ½ [ S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, A = {2, 3, 5}, P(A) = 3/6 = ½ ]
8. An odd prime
ANSWER: 1/3 [S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, B = {1, 3, 5} P(B) = 3/6 = ½ ]
9. A prime number less than 5
ANSWER: 1/3 [S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, C = {2, 3} P(C) = 2/6 = 1/3]
PREAMBLE: State whether the given function is even, odd or neither even nor odd.
1. y = cosx
ANSWER: Even
2. y = sin2x
ANSWER: Odd
3. y = x4 + 2x3
ANSWER: neither even nor odd
PREAMBLE: Determine whether the pair of lines are parallel, perpendicular or neither parallel nor
perpendicular
4. 2x + 3y = 5, 3x – 5y = 10
ANSWER: neither parallel nor perpendicular
5. 2x + 3y = 7 and 3x – 2y = -5
ANSWER: perpendicular
6. 2x – y = 3 and 2y = 4x + 10
ANSWER: parallel
PREAMBLE: Solve for x
7. 8x = 32
ANSWER: x = 5/3 [23x = 25, 3x = 5, x = 5/3]
8. x-3 = (8/27)
ANSWER: x = 3/2 [x3 = 27/8 = (3/2)3, x = 3/2]
9. 2x = 1/16
ANSWER: x = -4 [2x = 16-1 = 2-4, x = -4]
PREAMBLE: Complete the sentence by filling in the blank
2-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
1. In a Venn diagram, the rectangle represents . . .
ANSWER: the universal set
2. In a Venn diagram, a circle represents . . .
ANSWER: a set
3. In a Venn diagram, a small letter represents . . .
ANSWER: an element of
4. Give an expression (in degree measure) for the sum of the interior angles of a polygon of n sides.
ANSWER: (n – 2)180°.
5. Give an expression (in degree measure) for the interior angle of a regular polygon of n sides.
ANSWER: (180 – 360/n)°
6. Give an expression for the exterior angle of a regular polygon of n sides.
ANSWER: (360/n)°
PREAMBLE: Find a unit vector associated with the given vector
7. a = i + √3j
ANSWER: (i + √3j)/2 [| a | = √ (1 + 3) = √4 = 2]
8. b = 3i + 4j
ANSWER: (3i + 4j)/5 [| b | = √ (32 + 42) = √25 = 5]
9. c = 5i – 12j
ANSWER: (5i – 12j)/13 [| c | = √ (52 + (-12)2) = √ (25 + 144) = √169 = 13]
1. The product of two consecutive odd numbers is 99. Find the numbers.
ANSWER: 9, 11 [ n(n + 2) = 99, n2 + 2n – 99 = 0, (n + 11)(n – 9) = 0, n = 9]
2. The sum of the squares of two consecutive natural numbers is 61. Find the numbers.
ANSWER: 5, 6
[ n2 + (n + 1)2 = 2n2 + 2n + 1 = 61, n2 + n – 30 = 0 (n + 6)(n – 5) = 0, n = 5]
3. The difference of the squares of two consecutive natural numbers is 11. Find the numbers
ANSWER: 5, 6 [(n + 1)2 – n2 = 2n + 1 = 11, 2n = 10, n = 5]
PREAMBLE: Simplify the expression by rationalizing the denominator.
4. (1 + √3)/(2 – √3)
ANSWER: 5 + 3√3
[ (1 + √3)(2 + √3)/(4 – 3) = 2 + 3 + 2√3 + √3 = 5 + 3√3]
5. 2/(3 + 2√2)
ANSWER: 6 - 2√2 [2(3 - 2√2)/(9 – 8) = 6 - 4√2 ]
6. √5/(2 + √5)
ANSWER: 5 - 2√5 [√5(√5 – 2)/(5 – 4) = 5 - 2√5]
PREAMBLE: Convert the given decimal number to standard form.
7. 0.0000765
ANSWER: 7.65 x 10-5
8. 36,450,000
ANSWER: 3.645 x 107
9. 32,000,000,000 (32 billion)
ANSWER: 3.2 x 1010
PREAMBLE: Give me the trigonometric expression in terms of sine or cosine and simplify as far
as possible.
1. tanAcosA
ANSWER: sinA [(sinA/cosA)cosA = sinA]
2. sinAcotA
ANSWER: cosA [sinA(cosA/sinA) = cosA]
3. secAcosA
ANSWER: 1 [(1/cosA)cosA = cosA/cosA = 1]
PREAMBLE: Find the equation of the straight line with x-intercept a and y-intercept b.
4. a = -2, b = 1
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ANSWER: y = ½ x + 1 [x /-2 + y/1 = 1, y = ½ x + 1]
5. a = 3, b = -2
ANSWER: y = (2/3) x – 2 [x/3 + y/-2 = 1, y = 2x/3 – 2]
6. a = -2, b = 2
ANSWER: y = x + 2 [x/-2 + y/2 = 1, y = x + 2]
PREAMBLE: Determine the number of distinct real roots of the given quadratic equation.
7. x2 – 5x + 9 = 0
ANSWER: 0 (no real solution) [ D = 25 – 36 < 0, hence no real solution]
8. x2 – 9x + 5 = 0
ANSWER: 2 [ D = 81 – 20 > 0, hence two real solutions]
2
9. x – 8x + 16 = 0
ANSWER: 1 [ D = 64 – 4(16) = 64 – 64 = 0, hence one distinct solution]
PREAMBLE: If α, β are the roots of the given quadratic equation, evaluate α2 + β2
10. x2 + 3x + 1 = 0
ANSWER: 7 [ α + β = -3, αβ = 1, α2 + β2 = (α + β)2 -2αβ = 9 - 2(1) = 7]
11. x2 – 3x – 5 = 0
ANSWER: 19 [ α + β = 3, αβ = -5, α2 + β2 = 9 -2(- 5) = 9 + 10 = 19]
12. x2 + 5x + 7 = 0
ANSWER: 11 [ α + β = -5, αβ = 7, α2 + β2 = 25 -2(7) = 25 – 14 = 11]
13. After a 12% price reduction, a car sold for GHc17,600. Find the original price of the car.
ANSWER: GHc20,000
[88x/100 = 17,600, x = (100)(17600)/88 = 100(200) = 20, 000]
14. After being reduced by three-fifths of its original price, a radio sold for GHc 426. Find the
original price of the radio.
ANSWER: GHc 1065 [(2/5)x = 426, x = 5(426)/2 = 5(213) = 1065]
15. After being reduced by two-sevenths of its original price, a tape-recorder sold for GHc 235. Find
price before the reduction.
ANSWER: GHc 329 [ (5/7)x = 235, x = 7(235)/5 = 7(47) = 329]
PREAMBLE: Find the amplitude of the trigonometric function
16. y = sinx + cosx
ANSWER: √2 [ R = √(12 + 12) = √2 ]
17. y = 3sinx – 4cosx
ANSWER: 5 [ R = √(32 + (-4)2) = √25 = 5]
18. y = -5sinx
ANSWER: 5 [ R = √(-5)2 = √25 = 5 ]
PREAMBLE: Solve the absolute value equation.
1. |2x + 1| = 9
ANSWER: x = 4 or x = -5
[2x + 1 = ± 9, 2x + 1 = 9 or 2x + 1 = -9, 2x = 8 or 2x = -10, x = 4 or x = -5]
2. |2x – 3| = 7
ANSWER: x = 5 or x = -2
[ 2x – 3 = ±7, 2x – 3 = 7 or 2x – 3 = -7 , 2x = 10 or 2x = -4, x = 5 or x = -2]
3. |x – 5| = -3
ANSWER: no solution (since absolute value is non-negative!).
PREAMBLE: Find the degree measure of the exterior angle of a
4. regular pentagon
ANSWER: 72° [360/5 = 72]
5. rectangle
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ANSWER: 90° [180 - 90 = 90]
6. regular hexagon
ANSWER: 60° [ 360/6 = 60]
PREAMBLE: Find the value(s) of x for which the expression is not defined
7. (x – 1)/x
ANSWER: x = 0
8. x(x- 2)/(x – 1)
ANSWER: x = 1
9. (x + 1)/(x2 – 4)
ANSWER: x = 2
PREAMBLE: Given f(x) = 2x2 + 1 and g(x) = 3x – 1, evaluate
1. f(g(-1))
ANSWER: 33 [g(-1) = -4, f(-4) = 2(16) + 1 = 32 + 1 = 33]
2. g(f(1))
ANSWER: 8 [ f(1) = 3, g(3) = 9 – 1 = 8]
3. f(g(2))
ANSWER: 51 [g(2) = 6 – 1 = 5, f(5) = 2(25) + 1 = 51]
PREAMBLE: Find the period T in degree measure of the trigonometric function
4. y = 3sin3x
ANSWER: T = 120 [3T = 360, T = 360/3 = 120]
5. y = -5cos(x/2)
ANSWER: T = 720 [T/2 = 360, T = 2(360) = 720]
6. y = 5tan3x
ANSWER: T = 60 [3T = 180, T = 180/3 = 60]
PREAMBLE: Determine whether the pair of lines are parallel, perpendicular or neither parallel nor
perpendicular.
7. 2x + 3y = 5, 3x – 5y = 10
ANSWER: parallel
8. 2x + 3y = 7 and 3x – 2y = -5
ANSWER: perpendicular
9. 2x – y = 3 and 2y = 4x + 10
ANSWER: neither parallel nor perpendicular
PREAMBLE: Perform the indicated operation and leave your answer in scientific notation.
1. (5 × 108) × (8 × 107)
ANSWER: 4.0 × 1016 [40 × 1015 = 4.0 × 1016]
2. (7 × 10-10) × (6 × 1015)
ANSWER: 4.2 × 106 [42 × 105 = 4.2 × 106]
3. 5 ×(2 × 10-10)3
ANSWER: 4.0 × 10-29 [ (5 × 8)10-30 = 4.0 × 10-29]
PREAMBLE: Simplify
3
4. 125x6 [ ( 3 125)( 3 x 6 ) 5 x 2 ]
ANSWER: 5x2
5. 5
32x15 y10 [ ( 5 32)( 5 x15 )( 5 y10 ) 2 x3 y 2 ]
ANSWER: 2x3y2
6. 4
(16 x 4 / y8 ) [ ( 4 16)( 4 x 4 ) / ( 4 y8 ) 2 x / y 2
ANSWER: 2x/y2
5-[2015]
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PREAMBLE: Factorise completely.
7. x3 + 2x2 + 5x + 10
ANSWER: (x + 2)(x2 + 5) [x2(x + 2) + 5(x + 2) = (x + 2)(x2 + 5)],
8. 2a3 – 2a2 + 3a – 3
ANSWER: (a – 1)(2a2 + 3) [ 2a2(a – 1) + 3(a – 1) = (a – 1)(2a2 + 3)]
3 2
9. y + y – 4y – 4
ANSWER: (y + 1)(y – 2)(y + 2) [ y2(y + 1) -4(y + 1) = (y + 1)(y2 – 4) = (y +
1)(y – 2)(y + 2)
PREAMBLE: Solve the absolute value equation
1. | x + 5 | = 0
ANSWER: x = -5 [ x + 5 = ±0, x = -5 ± 0 = -5]
2. 2 |x – 4| = 1
ANSWER: x = 5, or x = 3 [ x – 4 = ±1, x = 4 ± 1, x = 5 or x = 3]
3. 3 |x + 6| = 5
ANSWER: x = -1 or x = -11 [ x + 6 = ± 5, x = -6 ± 5, x = -1 or x = -11]
PREAMBLE: Evaluate
4. sin420°
ANSWER: √3/2 [sin420 = sin(360 + 60) = sin60 = √3/2 ]
5. sin270°
ANSWER: -1 [sin270 = sin(360 – 90) = sin(-90) = -sin90 = -1]
6. cos(300)
ANSWER: ½ [cos300 = cos(360 – 60) = cos(-60) = cos60 = ½ ]
PREAMBLE: Find the roots of the equation
7. 2x2 – 5x + 2 = 0
ANSWER: x = ½ or x = 2
[2x2 – 4x – x + 2 = 2x(x – 2) – 1(x – 2) = (2x – 1)(x – 2) = 0, x = ½, 2]
8. 6x2 – x – 2 = 0
ANSWER: x = -1/2 or x = 2/3
[6x2 – 4x + 3x – 2 = 2x(3x – 2) + 1(3x – 2) = (2x + 1)(3x – 2) = 0,
x = -1/2, 2/3]
9. 3x2 + 5x – 2 = 0
ANSWER: x = -2 or x = 1/3
[3x2 + 6x – x – 2= 3x(x + 2) – 1(x + 2) = (3x - 1)(x + 2) = 0, x = -2 or x =
1/3]
PREAMBLE: Find the general term (or nth term) of the given sequence.
1. 1 2, 5, 8, 11, . . .
ANSWER: (3n – 1)
[a = 2, d = 3, Un = a + (n – 1)d = 2 + 3(n – 1) = 3n – 1]
2. 10, 6, 2, -2, . . .
ANSWER: (14 – 4n)
[a = 10, d = -4, Un = a + (n – 1)d = 10 - 4(n -1) = 14 – 4n]
3. 5, 11, 17, 23, . . .
ANSWER: (6n – 1)
[a = 5, d = 6, Un = a + (n – 1)d = 5 + 6(n – 1) = 6n – 1]
PREAMBLE: Find the positive value of x if
4. logx9 = 2
ANSWER: x = 3 [9 = x2, x = 3]
5. logx16 = 4
ANSWER: x = 2 [16 = x4, x = 2]
6. logx5 = 2
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ANSWER: x = √5 [5 = x2, x = √5]
PREAMBLE: Simplify the expression with positive exponents (assume a > 0)
7. (xa – 1)3(xa – 4)-2
ANSWER: xa + 5 [x3a – 3x8 - 2a = xa + 5]
8. (x-4y3)(x6y-5)
ANSWER: x2/y2 [x6-4y3-5 = x2y-2 = x2/y2]
9. (x-5y2)(x3y-2)
ANSWER: 1/x2 [x-5 + 3y2 - 2 = x-2 = 1/x2]
PREAMBLE: Factorise
1. a3 – b3
ANSWER: (a – b)(a2 + ab + b2)
2. a3 + b3
ANSWER: (a + b)(a2 – ab + b2)
3
3. x + 1
ANSWER: (x + 1)(x2 – x + 1)
PREAMBLE: Identify the property given by the identity in the following operation on sets.
4. A ( B C ) ( A B) C
ANSWER: ASSOCIATIVE property of Union
5. A (B C ) ( A B) ( A C )
ANSWER: DISTRIBUTIVE (union is distributive over intersection)
6. A A
ANSWER: IDENTITY ( is the identity for union)
PREAMBLE: Express each term using a single root sign.
3
7. 5
ANSWER: 6
5 1/2 1/3
[ (5 ) 51/6 ]
8. 7
4
ANSWER: 7 [ (71/2)1/2 = 71/4 ]
3
9. 6
ANSWER: 6 6 [ ((6)1/3)1/2 = 61/6]
PREAMBLE: Give me the expression as a single logarithm.
1. logx + 2logy – 3logz
ANSWER: log(xy2/z3)
2. 2logx – 3logy + logz
ANSWER: log(x2z/y3)
3. 3logx + 2logy + logz
ANSWER: log(x3y2z)
4. Find the volume of a right cone of height 7 cm, and base radius 6 cm. Take π = 22/7
ANSWER: 264 cm3
[V = (πr2h)/3 = (22/7) x 36 x (14/3) =22 x 12 = 264 cm3
5. Find the surface area of a sphere of radius 7 cm.
ANSWER: 616 cm2
[ S = 4πr2 = 4 x (22/7) x 72 = 88 x 7 = 616 cm2]
6. Find the volume of a right cylinder of height 7 cm and base radius 10 cm.
ANSWER: 2200cm3
[V = πr2h = (22/7) x 100 x 7 = 22 x 100 = 2200 cm3
7. The sum of two whole numbers is 15 and their product is 54. Find the two numbers.
ANSWER: 6 and 9 [ 54 = 6 x 9, 6 + 9 = 15]
7-[2015]
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8. The difference of two natural numbers is 8 and their product is 105. Find the two numbers.
ANSWER: 7 and 15 [105 = 7 x 15, 15 – 7 = 8]
9. The product of two whole numbers is 144 and their sum is 25. Find the two numbers.
ANSWER: 9 and 16 [144 = 9 x 16, 9 + 16 = 25]
PREAMBLE: Evaluate
1. sin330°
ANSWER: - ½ [sin 330 = sin(360 – 30) = sin(-30) = -sin30 = -1/2 ]
2. cos135°
ANSWER: -1/√2 [cos135 = cos(180 – 45) = -cos45 = -1/√2 ]
3. sin480°
ANSWER: √3/2
[sin480 = sin(360 + 120) = sin120 = sin60 = √3/2]
PREAMBLE: Evaluate
4. 7452 - 2552
ANSWER: 490,000
[ (745 – 255)(745 + 255) = 490 x 1000 = 490,000]
2 2
5. 555 – 445
ANSWER: 110,000
[ (555 - 445)(555 + 445) = 110 x 1000 = 110,000]
2 2
6. 675 - 325
ANSWER: 350,000
[ (675 – 325)(675 + 325) = 350 x 1000 = 350,000]
PREAMBLE: Convert to degrees
27. 4π/3 radians
ANSWER: 240° [ 4 x 180/3 = 4 x 60 = 240]
28. 5π/4 radians
ANSWER: 225° [ 5 x 180/4 = 5 x 45 = 225 ]
29. 7π/6 radians
ANSWER: 210° [ 7 x 180/6 = 7 x 30 = 210]
PREAMBLE: Find the integral
1. x(3x 2)dx
x3 – x2+ C (3x 2 x)dx x3 x 2 C ]
2
ANSWER: [
(4 x 2 x)dx
3
2.
ANSWER: x4 + x2 + C [ (4 x3 2 x)dx = x4 + x2 + C]
(5x 3x 2 )dx
4
3.
ANSWER: x5 – x3 + C [ (5 x 4 3x 2 )dx x5 x3 C ]
PREAMBLE: Find the equation of the straight line through the pair of points
4. (2, 1) and (5, 7)
ANSWER: y = 2x - 3 [m = 6/3 = 2, y – 1 = 2(x – 2), y = 2x – 3]
5. (-3, 4) and (3, -2)
ANSWER: y = -x + 1 [ m = -6/6 = -1, y – 4 = -1(x + 3), y = -x + 1]
6. (3, 7) and (2, 4)
ANSWER: y = 3x - 2 [ m = -3/-1 = 3, y – 4 = 3(x – 2), y = 3x – 2]
PREAMBLE: Find the first term a and the common difference d of a linear sequence given that:
7. the third term is 5 and the seventh term is 17.
ANSWER: a = -1, d = 3 [a + 2d = 5, a + 6d = 17, 4d = 12, d = 3, a = -1]
8. the fourth term is 11 and the seventh term is 17.
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ANSWER: a = 5, d = 2 [ a + 3d = 11, a + 6d = 17, 3d = 6, d = 2, a = 5]
9. the second term is -15 and the fifth term is -30.
ANSWER: a = -10, d = -5 [ a + d = -15, a + 4d = -30, 3d = -15, d = -5 and a = -10]
PREAMBLE: Perform the indicated operations and express your answer in scientific notation.
1. (5 x 108)(7 x 107)
ANSWER: 3.5 x 1016 [35 x 108 + 7 = 35 x 1015 = 3.5 x 1016]
2. (5 x 10-12)(6x 107)
ANSWER: 3.0 x 10-4 [30 x 10-12 + 7 = 30 x 10-5 = 3.0 x 10-4]
3. (8.2 x 10-6)/(4.1 x 10-3)
ANSWER: 2.0 x 10-3 [(8.2/4.1) x 10-6 + 3 = 2.0 x 10-3]
PREAMBLE: Solve the absolute value equation:
4. | x – 2 | = 3
ANSWER: x = 5, -1 [ x - 2 = ±3, x = 2 + 3, or x = 2 – 3 , x = 5, -1]
5. | 2x – 3 | = 7
ANSWER: x = 5, -2
[ 2x – 3 = ± 7, 2x – 3 = 7 or 2x – 3 = -7, 2x = 10 or 2x = -4, x = 5 or x = -2]
6. | x – 5 | = 5
ANSWER: x = 10, 0 [ x – 5 = ± 5, x -5 = 5, or x – 5 = - 5, x = 10 or x = 0]
PREAMBLE: Differentiate the function with respect to x
7. y = 5x4 – 3x3 + 5x
ANSWER: dy/dx = 20x3 – 9x2 + 5
8. y = 4x + 3/x4
3
ANSWER: dy/dx = 12x2 – 12/x5
9. y = 5x5 – 5/x5
ANSWER: dy/dx = 25x4 + 25/x6
PREAMBLE: Given that A is an acute angle and sinA = 3/5, find
1. sin2A
ANSWER: 24/25 [sin2A = 2sinAcosA = 2(3/5)(4/5) = 24/25]
2. cos2A
ANSWER: 7/25 [ cos2A = cos2A - sin2A = (4/5)2 – (3/5)2 = (16 – 9)/25 = 7/25]
3. tan2A
ANSWER: 24/7 [ tan2A = 2tanA/(1 - tan2A) = 2(3/4)]/(1 – 9/16) = 24/7]
4. Find three consecutive even integers whose sum is 126.
ANSWER: 40, 42, 44 [n – 2) + n + (n + 2) = 3n = 126, n = 42, hence integers are 40,
42, 44]
5. The sum of three consecutive odd integers is 81. Find the integers
ANSWER: 25, 27, 29 [(n – 2) + n + (n + 2) = 3n = 81, n = 27, integers are 25, 27 , 29]
6. The sum of three consecutive integers is 93. Find the integers.
ANSWER: 30, 31, 32 [ (n -1) + n + (n + 1) = 3n = 93, n = 31, integers are 30, 31, 32]
PREAMBLE: The position of a particle moving along the x-axis at time 𝑡 in seconds is given in
meters by 𝑥 = 5𝑡 2 − 2𝑡 + 3.
7. What is the initial position of the particle?
ANSWER: 𝟑 𝐦
8. Find the initial velocity of the particle.
ANSWER: −𝟐 𝐦/𝐬
9. Find the initial acceleration of the particle.
ANSWER: 𝟏𝟎 𝐦/𝐬 𝟐
PREAMBLE: Solve the exponential equation
10. 2x + 1 = 1/8
ANSWER: x = -4 [ 2x + 1 = 2-3, x + 1 = -3, x = -4]
2x + 3
11. 5 = 125
9-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: x = 0 [ 52x + 3 = 53, 2x + 3 = 3, 2x = 0, x = 0]
2x + 1
12. 8 =1
ANSWER: x = -1/2 [ 82x + 1 = 80, 2x + 1= 0, 2x = -1, x = -1/2]
PREAMBLE: Give me an equation for the variation.
1. y is partly a constant and varies directly as x.
ANSWER: y = C + kx, where C and k are constants.
2. y varies directly as x and inversely as z
ANSWER: y = kx/z
3. y varies directly as u and inversely as square root of v
ANSWER: y = ku/√v.
4. Two similar triangles have heights in a ratio of 2 : 1. Find the ratio of their areas
ANSWER: 4 : 1
5. The radii of two spheres are in a ratio of 3 : 2. Find the ratio of their volumes.
ANSWER: 27 : 8
6. The volumes of two spheres are in a ratio of 27 : 8. Find the ratio of their surface areas.
ANSWER: 9 : 4
PREAMBLE: Find the odd one out and give a reason for your answer
7. meter, acre, mile, nautical mile
ANSWER: Acre [acre is a measure of area, while the others are measures of length]
8. barrel, liter, gallon, centimeter
ANSWER: Centimeter [centimeter is a measure of length, and the others are for volume]
9. gram, year, century, millennium
ANSWER: Gram [gram is a measure of mass and others measure time]
1. A group of 40 people contains 2 dozen men. Find the ratio of men to women.
ANSWER: 3 : 2 [ 24 : 16, 3 : 2]
2. A farm has a hundred chickens and ducks and 3 scores are ducks. Find the ratio of chickens to
ducks.
ANSWER: 2 : 3 [ 40 : 60. 2 : 3]
3. In a group of 96 students, 2 scores and 2 dozens are boys. Find the ratio of boys to girls
ANSWER: 2 : 1 [ 64 : 32, 2 : 1]
PREAMBLE: Find the equation of the line passing through the point A and perpendicular to the
given line.
4. x + y = 2, A(2, -2)
ANSWER: y = x – 4 [m = 1, y + 2 = 1(x – 2), y = x – 4]
5. x + 2y = 3 A(3, 1)
ANSWER: y = 2x – 5 [m = 2, y - 1 =2(x – 3) , y = 2x – 5]
6. x – y = 5 A(1, -1)
ANSWER: y = -x [ m = -1, y + 1 = -1(x – 1), y = -x]
PREAMABLE: Simplify the expression:
7. (√21)/(√7)
ANSWER: √3
8. (√90)/√(10)
ANSWER: 3
9. (√132)/(√11)
ANSWER: 2√3 or √12
10. Convert 20 mm2 to m2 .
ANSWER: 𝟐𝟎 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟔 𝐦 = 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 𝐦𝟐
11. Convert 36 km/h to m/s.
ANSWER: 𝟏𝟎 𝐦/𝐬
12. Convert 20 mm3 to m3 .
10-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: 𝟐𝟎 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟗 𝐦𝟑 = 𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟖 𝐦𝟑
PREAMBLE: Find the first 4 terms of the sequence whose nth term Un is given by
1. Un = n2 + n
ANSWER: 2, 6, 12, 20
[U1 = 1+ 1 = 2, U2 = 4 + 2 = 6, U3 = 9 + 3 =12, U4 = 16 + 4 = 20]
2. Un = n2 – 2n
ANSWER: - 1, 0, 3, 8
[U1 = 1 – 2 = -1, U2 = 4 – 4 = 0, U3 = 9 – 6 = 3, U4 = 16 - 8 = 8]
3. Un = 3n – n2
ANSWER: 2, 2, 0, -4
[U1 = 3 – 1 = 2, U2 = 6 – 4 = 2, U3 = 9 – 9 = 0, U4 = 12 – 16 = -4]
PREAMBLE: Determine whether the points A, B, C lie on the same straight line.
4. A(0, -1), B(1, 1), C(2, 3)
ANSWER: YES (on same line) [mAB = 2, mBC = 2, hence points lie on same line]
5. A(0, 2), B(2, 5), C(3, 7)
ANSWER: NO (not on same line) [mAB = 3/2, mBC = 2, hence not on same line]
6. A(-1, 4), B(2, 1), C(-2, 5)
ANSWER: YES (on same line) [mAB = -3/3 = -1, mBC = 4/-4 = -1, hence points lie
on same line]
PREAMBLE: Fill in the blank with measure of an acute angle.
7. sec75° = cosec . . .
ANSWER: 15°
8. cosec 57° = sec . . .
ANSWER: 33°
9. tan60° = cot . . .
ANSWER: 30°
PREAMBLE: Evaluate the discriminant D and comment on the nature of the roots of the
quadratic equation.
1. 3x2 + 5x + 2 = 0
ANSWER: D = 1, hence 2 distinct real roots [D = 25 – 24 = 25 – 24 = 1]
2. 3x2 + 5x + 3 = 0
ANSWER: D = -11, hence no real roots [D = 25 – 36 = -11]
3. 4x2 + 12x + 9 = 0
ANSWER: D = 0, hence identical real roots [D = 144 – 144 = 0]
PREAMBLE: A bag contains 4 black balls and 6 white balls. Two balls are drawn from the
bag without replacement. Find the probability the two balls are
4. both black
ANSWER: 2/15 [(4/10)(3/9)= 2/15]
5. both white
ANSWER: 1/3 [(6/10)(5/9) = 30/90 = 1/3]
6. of different colours
ANSWER: 8/15 [ (6/10)(4/9) + (4/10)(6/9) = 48/90 = 8/15]
PREAMBLE: Find the period T of the trigonometric function. Give your answer in degree
measure.
7. y = sin5x
ANSWER: T = 72° [5T = 360, T = 72]
8. y = cos(2x)
ANSWER: T = 180° [2T = 360, T = 180]
9. y = tan3x
11-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: T = 60° [3T = 180, T = 60]
PREAMBLE: Expand in terms of logx, logy and logz.
1. log(x2y/z)
ANSWER: 2logx + logy – logz
2. log(xy2/z3)
ANSWER: logx + 2logy – 3logz
3. log(xy/√z)
ANSWER: logx + logy – ½ logz
4. Find the ratio of the volumes of two cubes whose sides are in the ratio 1 : 3.
ANSWER: 1 : 27 [ V1/V2 = (x3)/(3x)3 = 1/27, hence ratio is 1 : 27]
5. Find the ratio of the surface areas of two spheres whose radii are in the ratio 1 : 2.
ANSWER: 1 : 4 [A1/A2 = (r)2/(2r2) = ¼, hence ratio is 1 : 4]
6. Find the ratio of the volumes of two cones with same height and whose radii are in the ratio 2 :
1.
ANSWER: 4 : 1 [V1/V2 = h(2r)2/hr2 = 4/1, hence ratio is 4 : 1]25
PREAMBLE: Solve the linear equation.
7. (x + 2)/3 – (2x + 1)/5 = 2
ANSWER: x = -23 [5(x + 2) - 3(2x + 1) = 30, -x + 7 = 30, x = - 23
8. (x + 2)/3 + (2x + 1)/5 = 6
ANSWER: x = 7 [5(x + 2) + 3(2x + 1) = 90, 11x + 13 = 90, 11x = 77, x = 7]
9. 5(x + 3) + 4(2x – 3) = 2(2x + 15)
ANSWER: x = 3 [13x + 3 = 4x + 30, 9x = 27, x = 3]
PREAMBLE: Find the image of the given point A under the given transformation.
1. A(3, 5) under translation with the vector a = 2i – 2j.
ANSWER: (5, 3) [ (3, 5) + (2, -2) = (3 + 2, 5 – 2) = (5, 3)]
2. A(-2, 4) under reflection in the line y = x.
ANSWER: (4, -2)
3. A(6, -3) under reflection in the line x = 4.
ANSWER: (2 ,-3)
PREAMBLE: Find the set of prime numbers between the integers
4. 19 and 32
ANSWER: {23, 29, 31}
5. 33 and 44
ANSWER: {37, 41, 43}
6. 45 and 58
ANSWER: {47, 53}
7. In an isosceles triangle, the measure of the vertex angle is p. Find the measure of the
congruent angles.
ANSWER: ½ (180° – p)
8. In an isosceles triangle, the measure of each of the congruent angles is a. Find the measure of
the vertex angle.
ANSWER: (180° - 2a)
9. In a triangle, an exterior angle has measure 130°. Find the sum of the measures of the interior
opposite angles.
ANSWER: 130°
PREAMBLE: Find the product of the 2 x 2 matrix and the column vector.
2 3 3 2 3 3 66
1.
4 1 2
[
4 1 2
= 12 2 ]
12-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
0
14
ANSWER:
3 3 2 3 3 2 6 3
2. 4 2 1 [
4 2 1 = 8 2 ]
9
10
ANSWER:
5 3 2 5 3 2 10 12
3. 4 2 4 [
4 2 4 = 8 8
2
0
ANSWER:
PREAMBLE: Differentiate the given function with respect to x.
4. y = (2x + 3)5
ANSWER: dy/dx = 10(2x + 3)4 [ dy/dx = 5(2)(2x + 3)4 = 10(2x + 3)4]
5. y = (7x – 3)3
ANSWER: dy/dx = 21(7x – 3)2 [ dy/dx = 3(7)(7x – 3)2 = 21(7x – 3)2]
6. y = (10x + 5)10
ANSWER: dy/dx = 100(10x + 5)9 [ dy/dx = 10(10)(10x + 5)9 = 100(10x + 5)9
PREAMBLE: In a throw of a die, find the probability of obtaining.
7. a number greater than 2,
ANSWER: 2/3 [ A = {3, 4, 5, 6}, P(A) = 4/6 = 2/3]
8. a number between 2 and 5
ANSWER: 1/3 [B = {3, 4}, P(B) = 2/6 = 1/3]
9. a number less than 2 or greater than 4
ANSWER: ½ [C = {1, 5, 6}, P(C) = 3/6 = ½ ]
1. The volume of a cone of base radius r and height h.
ANSWER: (πr2h)/3
2. The curved surface area of a cone of slant side l and base radius r.
ANSWER: πrl
3. The curved surface area of a sphere of radius r.
ANSWER: 4πr2
PREAMBLE: Find the odd one out and give reason for your answer.
4. Prism, cuboid, cube, pyramid.
ANSWER: PYRAMID, a pyramid does not have a uniform cross-section, but the others
have.
5. Cylinder, cone, tetrahedron, sphere.
ANSWER: TETRAHEDRON, a tetrahedron has no curved surface, but the others
have.
6. Rectangle, circle, triangle, pentagon.
ANSWER: CIRCLE, a circle is not a polygon, but the others are.
PREAMBLE: Express as logarithm of a number.
7. 3 + 2log23
ANSWER: log272 [log28 + 2log23 = log2(8 x 9) = log272]
8. 2 + log54
ANSWER: log5100 [log525 + log54 = log5100]
9. -2 + log7
ANSWER: log(7/100) [log10-2 + log7 = log(7/100)]
13-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
[MAIN CONTEST]
(28-67)
PREAMBLE: Find the value of the trigonometric expression.
1. cos47°cos2° + sin47°sin2°
ANSWER: 1/√2 [cos(47° – 2°) = cos 45° = 1/√2]
2. sin13°cos17° + cos13°sin17°
ANSWER: ½ [ sin(13° + 17°) = sin30° = ½ ]
3. cos45°cos15° – sin45°sin15°
ANSWER: ½ [cos(45° + 15°) = cos60° = ½ ]
PREAMBLE: Find the value of each expression.
12
4. C2 (12 combination 2).
ANSWER: 66 [12 x 11 /2 = 6 x 11 = 66]
15
C13
5.
ANSWER: 105 [ 15 x 14 /2 = 15 x 7 = 105]
10
6.
C3
ANSWER: 120 [10 x 9 x 8/(3 x 2 x 1) = 10 x 3 x 4 = 120]
PREAMBLE: Solve for x given:
7. (x – 3)2 = 9
ANSWER: x = 0, 6 [x – 3 = ±3, x = 3 ± 3, x = 0, x = 6]
2
8. (x + 2) = 16
ANSWER: x = 2, - 6 [x + 2 = ±4, x = -2 ± 4, x = 2, -6]
9. (x + 5)2 = 5
ANSWER: x = -5 ± √5 [(x + 5) = ± √5, x = -5 ± √5]
PREAMBLE: Find the median and the mode of the set of numbers.
10. 13, 17, 15, 18, 17, 19, 12
ANSWER: MEDIAN = 17, MODE = 17 [12, 13, 15, 17, 17, 18, 19]
11. 38, 29, 45, 38, 39, 48, 50
ANSWER: MEDIAN = 39, MODE = 38 [ 29, 38, 38, 39, 45, 48, 50]
12. 58, 48, 59, 45, 60, 59, 47
ANSWER: MEDIAN = 58, MODE = 59, [ 45, 47, 48, 58, 59, 59, 60]
PREAMBLE: Differentiate the quotient:
1. y = (x + 1)/(x – 2)
ANSWER: dy/dx = -3/(x – 2)2 [dy/dx = [(x – 2) – (x + 1)]/(x – 2)2 = -3/(x – 2)2]
2. y = (2x + 1)/x
ANSWER: dy/dx = -1/x2 [y = 2 + 1/x, dy/dx = -1/x2]
3. y = x/(2x + 1)
ANSWER: dy/dx = 1/(2x + 1)2 [ dy/dx = ((2x + 1) - 2x)/(2x + 1)2 = 1/(2x + 1)2]
PREAMBLE: The roots of the equation 3x2 – 5x + 4 = 0 are and . Find the value of
1 1 1 1 ( ) (5 / 3) 5
4. [ 5 / 3 , 4 / 3 , (4 / 3) 4 ]
ANSWER: 5/4
5. 2 2 [ ( ) (5 / 3)(4 / 3) 20 / 9 ]
ANSWER: 20/9
6. ( 1)( 1) [ ( ) 1 4 / 3 5 / 3 1 9 / 3 1 4 ]
14-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: 4
PREAMBLE: State the inequality which defines the given region in the Cartesian plane:
7. above the line with equation y = x
ANSWER: y > x
8. below the line with equation x + y = 2
ANSWER: x + y < 2
9. below the line with equation x – y + 4 = 0
ANSWER: x – y + 4 > 0 or y < x + 4
PREAMBLE: Simplify as a single sine or cosine and evaluate:
10. sin57°cos33° + cos33°sin57°
ANSWER: sin90° = 1 [sin(57 + 33) = sin90 = 1]
11. cos72°cos27° + sin72°sin27°
ANSWER: cos45° = 1/√2 [cos(72 – 27) = cos45 = 1/√2]
12. sin75°cos45° – cos75°sin45°
ANSWER: sin30° = ½ [sin(75 – 45) = sin30 = ½ ]
PREAMBLE: Find the equation of the line through the point A with slope m given
1. A(3, -2) and m = -3
ANSWER: y = -3x + 7 [ y + 2 = -3(x – 3), y = -3x + 7]
2. A(-2, 3) and m = 3
ANSWER: y = 3x + 9 [ y – 3 = 3(x + 2), y = 3x + 9 ]
3. A(-3, -2) and m = 2
ANSWER: y = 2x + 4 [ y + 2 = 2(x + 3), y = 2x + 4 ]
4. y varies directly as x and y = 9 when x = 2. Find y when x = 3
ANSWER: y = 27/2 [y/3 = 9/2, y = 27/2]
5. y is directly proportional to xand y = 6 when x = √12. Find y when x = √75
ANSWER: [y/√75 = 6/√12, y =6(5√3)/(2√3) = 15
6. P is inversely proportional to W and P = 2/3 when W = ¼. Find P when W = 1/6.
ANSWER: P=1 [PW = k, P x (1/6) = (2/3) x (1/4), P = 6 x (2/3) x (1/4)
= 1]
PREAMBLE: Find the scalar product of the vectors a and b and comment on the angle between
them.
7. a = 3i – 4j and b = 4i + 3j
ANSWER: a .b = 0, angle is a right angle [a.b = 12 – 12 = 0. vectors are perpendicular]
8. a = 5i +2j, and b = 2i – 4j
ANSWER: a.b = 2, angle is an acute angle [a.b = 10 – 8 = 2> 0, angle is acute angle]
9. a = -4i + 5, and b = 3i + 2j
ANSWER: a.b = -2, angle is an obtuse angle [a.b = -12 + 10 = -2 < 0, angle is obtuse
PREAMBLE: Find the integral
(x 2 x)dx
3
10.
ANSWER: x4/4 – x2 + C
(x 2)dx
2
11.
ANSWER: x3/3 + 2x + C
(5x 3x 2 )dx
4
12.
ANSWER: x5 + x3 + C
PREAMBLE: Find the length of the arc which subtends an angle α at the center of a circle of radius
r, given.
(Leave answer in π when necessary)
1. α = π/4 radians and r = 12 cm
ANSWER: 3π cm [s = rα = 12(π/4) = 3π cm]
15-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
2. α = 2 radians, r = 10 cm
ANSWER: 20 cm [ s = rα = 10(2) = 20 cm]
3. α = 7π/15 radians, r = 30 cm
ANSWER: 14π cm [ s = rα = (7π/15) x 30 = 14π cm
PREAMBLE: Solve the logarithmic equation for x.
4. logx + log(x – 4) = log(x + 24)
ANSWER: x = 8 [x(x – 4) = x + 24, x2 – 5x – 24 = 0, (x – 8)(x + 3) = 0, x =
8]
5. log(x + 18) + log(x – 6) = 2logx
ANSWER: x = 9 [(x + 18)(x – 6) = x2, 12x – 108 = 0, 12x = 108, x =
9]
6. log(x + 90) – logx = 1
ANSWER: x = 10 [ (x + 90)/x = 10, x + 90 = 10x , 9x = 90, x = 10 ]
4 3 2
PREAMBLE: Given f(x) = 2x + 3x -2x + 7x + 4, evaluate:
7. f(-1)
ANSWER: -6, [2(1) + 3(-1) - 2(1) + 7(-1) + 4 = -10 + 4 = -6]
8. f(-2)
ANSWER: -10 [2(16) + 3(-8) – 2(4)- 14 + 4 = -10]
9. f(2)
ANSWER: 66 [ 2(16) + 3(8) – 2(4) + 14 + 4 = 66 ]
PREAMBLE: Give me each expression with a single root sign.
10. ( 3) ( 2)
3
[ 3 2 3 2 3 2 6 72 ]
6 1/3 1/2 2/6 3/6 6 2 3
ANSWER: 72
3
11. 5
ANSWER: 6
5 [ (51/2)1/3 = 51/6 = 6
5]
12. 3 3 2
ANSWER: 6 108 [31/2(21/3) =33/622/6 = (3322)1/6 = (108)1/6 = 6 108 ]
PREAMBLE: Solve the absolute value inequality.
1. |x – 2| < 3
ANSWER: {x: -1 < x < 5} [ -3 < x – 2 < 3, -1 < x < 5]
2. |2x – 3| < 7
ANSWER: {x : -2 < x < 5} [ -7 < 2x – 3 < 7, -4 < 2x < 10, -2 < x < 5]
3. |x – 3| > 5
ANSWER: {x: x < -2 or x> 8} [ (x – 3) < -5 or (x – 3) > 5, x < - 2 or x > 8]
PREAMBLE: Find the coordinates of the center C and the radius R of the circle with the given
equation:
4. x2 + y2 – 6x + 2y + 1 = 0
ANSWER: C(3, -1), R = 3 [ (x – 3)2 + (y + 1)2 = 9, C(3, -1), R = 3]
5. x2 + y2 + 6x – 8y = 0
ANSWER: C(-3, 4), R = 5 [ (x + 3)2 + (y – 4)2 = 9 + 16 = 25, C(-3, 4) R = 5]
6. x2 + y2 + 10x – 24y = 0
ANSWER: C(-5, 12), R = 13
[ (x + 5)2 + (y – 12)2 = 25 + 144 = 169 = 132, C(-5, 12), R = 13]
PREAMBLE: Integrate the given function.
7. x2/3
ANSWER: (3/5)x5/3 + C
x dx x 2/31 / (5 / 3) (3 / 5) x5/3 C ]
2/3
[
8. x-1/2
16-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
x
1/2
ANSWER: 2x1/2 + C [ dx x 1/21 / (1/ 2) 2 x1/2 C ]
9. x1/4
ANSWER: (4/5) x5/4 + C x dx x1/41 / (1/ 4 1) x5/4 (4 / 5) C ]
1/4
[
PREAMBLE: The measures of the angles of a triangle are in the given ratio:
10. 2 : 3: 4. Find the largest angular measure.
ANSWER: 80° [ (4/9)(180) = 4(20) = 80]
11. 1: 3 : 5. Find the least angular measure.
ANSWER: 20° [ (1/9)(180) = 20]
12. 1 : 3 : 6. Find the largest angular measure.
ANSWER: 108° [ (6/10)(180) = 6(18) = 108]
PREAMBLE: Solve the linear equation:
1. x/3 + x/2 = 5/6
ANSWER: x=1 [2x + 3x = 5, 5x = 5, x = 1]
2. x/4 – 1 = x/5
ANSWER: x = 20 [ 5x – 20 = 4x, x = 20]
3. x/5 – ½ = x/6
ANSWER: x = 15 [ 6x – 15 = 5x, x = 15]
Evaluate the polynomial expression for the given values for x and y
4. x2 – 2xy – y2, for x = 3, y = -3
ANSWER: 18 [9 – 2(-9) – 9 = 18]
5. 2x2 – 3xy + y2 , for x = - 4, y = -3
ANSWER: 5 [2(16) – 3(12) + 9 = 32 – 36 + 9 = 5]
2 2
6. 3x + 2xy – 2y , for x = 3, y = 5
ANSWER: 7 [ 3(9) + 2(15) – 2(25) = 27 + 30 – 50 = 7]
PREAMBLE: Simplify the numerical expression:
7. 4√8 - √128 + 2√32 - 3√18
ANSWER: -√2 [8√2 - 8√2 + 8√2 - 9√2 = -√2]
8. 3√12 - 2√48 + 4√75 - 3√27
ANSWER: 9√3 [6√3 - 8√3 + 20√3 - 9√3 = 9√3]
9. 6√28 - 3√63 + √112 - 2√175
ANSWER: -3√7 [12√7 - 9√7 + 4√7 - 10√7 = -3√7]
10. A shirt is on sale at 40% off the original price. If the sale price is GHc42, find the original price.
ANSWER: GHc 70 [60x/100 = 42, x = (42)100/60 = 70]
11. A new car costs 125% what it cost four years ago. If a new car now costs GHc32,000, find the
price of the car four years ago.
ANSWER: GHc 25,600 [5x/4 = 32,000, x = 4(32,000)/5 = 4(6400) = 25,600]
12. After a 25% price reduction, a laptop is sold for GHc 1440. Find the original price.
ANSWER: GHc 1920 [(3x/4) = 1440, x = 4(1440)/3 = 4(480) = 1920]
PREAMBLE: Find the value of the trigonometric expression.
1. sin27°cos18° + cos27°sin18°
ANSWER: 1/√2 [sin45 = 1/√2 ]
2. cos85°cos40° + sin85°sin40°
ANSWER: 1/√2 [cos (85 – 40) = cos45 = 1/√2]
3. sin76°cos31° – cos76°sin31°
17-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: 1/√2 [sin (76 – 31) = cos45 = 1/√2]
PREAMBLE: How many three digit numbers can be formed from the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5:
4. if a digit can be repeated,
ANSWER: 125 [5 x 5 x 5 = 125]
5. if a digit cannot be repeated,
ANSWER: 60 [5 x 4 x 3 = 60]
6. if a digit can be repeated and the number is even?
ANSWER: 50 [ 5 x 5 x 2 = 50]
PREAMBLE: To pass a course, a student must average at least 60% on three tests, and to get an A, a
student should average 85% on the three tests.
7. A student scores 44% and 72% on two tests. Find the least score the student should make on the
third test to pass the course.
ANSWER: 64% [(44 + 72 + x )/3 = 60, x + 116 = 180, x = 180 – 116 = 64]
8. A student scores 90% and 78% on two tests. Find the least score the student should make on the
third score to get an A grade.
ANSWER: 87% [ (90 + 78 + x)/3 = 85, 168 + x = 255, x = 255 – 168 = 87]
9. A student scores 75% and 65% on two tests. Find the least score on the third test to enable him
pass the course.
ANSWER: 40% [ (75 + 65 + x)/3 = 60, x +140 = 180, x = 40 ]
PREAMBLE: Find the number of axes of symmetry of a,
10. rhombus
ANSWER: 2
11. parallelogram
ANSWER: 0 (no axis of symmetry)
12. kite
ANSWER: 1
PREAMBLE: Give me the vector as a bearing.
1. i + √3j
ANSWER: (2, 030°)
2. i - √3j
ANSWER: (2, 150°)
3. -i + √3j
ANSWER: (2, 330°)
PREAMBLE: Solve the absolute value inequality.
4. |x – 2| < 3
ANSWER: {x = -1 < x < 5} [-3 < x – 2 < 3, -1 < x< 5]
5. |2x – 3| > 7
ANSWER: { x : x > 5, or x < -2} [2x – 3 >7, 2x -3 < -7, x > 5, x < -2 ]
6. |x – 5| < 5
ANSWER: {x : 0 < x < 10} [ -5 < x – 5 < 5, 0 < x < 10]
PREAMBLE: The height of a cuboid is H. The length is 2H and the width is H + 3. Find an
expression for:
7. the volume V of the cuboid.
ANSWER: V= 2H2(H + 3)
8. the total surface area S of the cuboid.
ANSWER: S = 10H2 + 18H [S = 4H2 + 2H(H + 3) + 4H(H + 3) = 10H2 + 18H
]
9. the perimeter P of the cuboid
ANSWER: P = 16H + 12 [P = 4(H + 2H + H + 3) ]
PREAMBLE: Find the equation of the graph of y = x2 after the given transformation
10. translation by 2 units vertically up parallel to the y-axis
18-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: y = x2 + 2
11. reflection in the line y = x
ANSWER: y2 = x (or x = y2)
12. translation 3 units to the right parallel to the x-axis
ANSWER: y = (x – 3)2
PREAMBLE: Without solving the equation, determine the number of distinct real roots of the given
equation.
1. x2 – 5x + 9 = 0
ANSWER: 0 (no real root) [D = 25 – 36 < 0, hence no real root]
2
2. x + 9x + 5 = 0
ANSWER: 2 [D = 81 – 20 > 0, hence 2 real roots]
3. x2 – 12x + 36 = 0
ANSWER: 1 [D = = 144 – 4(36) = 144 – 144 = 0, hence 1 distinct
root]
PREAMBLE: Give me the expression in terms of log2 and log5.
4. log250
ANSWER: log2 + 3log5 [250 = 2 x 125 = 2 x 53 hence log250 = log2 + 3log5]
5. log√20
ANSWER: log 2 + (1/2)log5 [log(2√5) = log2 + (1/2)log5]
6. log(0.4)
ANSWER: log2 – log5 [log (4/10) = log (2/5) = log2 – log5]
PREAMBLE: Find the radius R of the circle in which the angle at the center θ intercepts an arc of
length S if
7. θ = 2 radians, S = 6π cm
ANSWER: R = 3π cm [S = Rθ, R = S/θ = 6π/2 = 3π cm]
8. θ = π/4 radians, S = 4π cm
ANSWER: R = 16 cm [S = Rθ, R = S/θ = 4π/(π/4) = 16 cm]
9. θ = 180°, S = 10π cm
ANSWER: R = 10 cm [S = Rθ, R = S/θ = 10π/π = 10 cm, NB: 180° = π radians]
PREAMBLE: Find the exact value of the trigonometric expression:
10. sin(π/3 + π/6)
ANSWER: 1 [(π/3 + π/6) = π/2, sin(π/2) = 1]
11. cos(π/3 – π/6)
ANSWER: √3/2 [ (π/3 – π/6) = π/6, cos(π/6) = √3/2]
12. tan(π/2- π/4)
ANSWER: 1 [ (π/2 – π/4) = π/4, tan(π/4) = 1]
PREAMBLE: Solve for x and leave your answer in terms of logarithm.
1. 3x = 7
ANSWER: x = log7/log3 or log37 [xlog3 = log7, x = log7/log3]
x
2. 6 = 3
ANSWER: x = log3/log6 or log63 [xlog6 = log3, x = log3/log6]
3. 7x = 10
ANSWER: x = 1/log7 or log10/log7 [xlog7 = log10 = 1, x = log10/log7 = 1/log7]
4. Shoes cost GHc60 a pair and boots cost GHc90 a pair. A man spends GHc1350 and buys thrice as
many shoes as boots. How many pairs of each type did he buy?
ANSWER: 15 pairs of shoes and 5 pairs of boots.
[ 60x + 90y = 1350, x = 3y, (180 + 90)y = 1350, 270y = 1350, y = 5 and x =
15]
5. A man had altogether one hundred of five cedi notes and ten cedi notes worth altogether 600
cedis. How many of each note did he have?
19-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: 80 of 5 cedi notes and 20 of 10 cedi notes.
[5x + 10y = 600, x + y = 100, y = 100 – x, 5x + 10(100 – x) = 600, 5x = 400 x = 80, y = 20]
6. Roses cost GHc12 a bunch and carnations cost GHc14 a bunch. A trader buys altogether 11
bunches for GHc138. How many of each bunch did he buy?
ANSWER: 8 bunches of roses, 3 bunches of carnations
[12x + 14y = 138, x + y = 11, y = 11 – x, 12x + 14(11 – x) = 138, 2x = 154 -138 = 16, x = 8 , y =
3]
PREAMBLE: Identify the triangle as ACUTE, OBTUSE, ISOSCELES, EQUILATERAL or
SCALENE.
7. A triangle with one axis of symmetry and fitting its outline in two positions
ANSWER: Isosceles
8. A triangle with three axes of symmetry and fitting its outline in three positions
ANSWER: Equilateral
9. A triangle with no axis of symmetry and fitting its outline in only one position.
ANSWER: Scalene
PREAMBLE: Simplify by rationalizing the denominators.
1. √(7/3) + √(3/7)
ANSWER: (10/21)√(21) [ (√21)/3 + (√21)/7 = (10/21)√(21)
2. √(5/2) + √(2/5)
ANSWER: (7/10)√(10) [ (√10)/2 + (√10)/5 = (7/10)√10]
3. √(6/5) - √(5/6)
ANSWER: (1/30)√30 [ (√30)/5 - √30)/6 = (√30)/30]
4. A square is inscribed in a circle of area 25π cm2. Find the area of the square.
ANSWER: 50 cm2 [radius = 5 cm, diagonal of square is 10 cm, Area = ½ d2 = ½ (100) =
50]
5. A circle is inscribed in a square of side of length 10 cm. Find the area of the circle.
ANSWER: 25π cm2. [radius of the circle is 5 cm, Area = 25π cm2]
6. A square is inscribed in a circle of radius 10 cm. Find the area of the square.
ANSWER: 200 cm2 [diagonal of square d = 20 cm, Area = ½ d2 =200]
PREAMBLE: Find the exact value of the trigonometric expression:
7. cos45°cos15° + sin45°sin15°
ANSWER: (√3)/2 [cos(45 – 15) = cos30 = (√3)/2]
8. sin33cos27° + cos33°sin27°
ANSWER: (√3)/2 [sin(33 + 27) = sin60 = √3/2]
9. cos85cos35 – sin85sin35
ANSWER: -1/2 [ cos(87 + 35) = cos120 = -½]
PREAMBLE: A bag contains 4 red, 3 white and 5 black balls. A ball is drawn at random from the
bag. Find the probability the ball is
10. either red or white
ANSWER: 7/12 [P(R or W) = (3 + 4)/12 = 7/12]
11. not white
ANSWER: 3/4 [P(not W) = 1 - P(W) = 1 – 3/12 = 1 – ¼ = ¾]
12. neither black nor white
ANSWER: 1/3 [P(neither B nor W) = P(R) = 4/12 = 1/3]
PREAMBLE: Express the recurring decimal as a rational number.
1. 5.111. . .
ANSWER: 46/9 [ x = 5.111 . . ., 10x = 51. 111 . . . , 9x = 46, x = 46/9]
2. 7.333 . . .
ANSWER: 22/3 [x = 7.333 . . ., 10x = 73.333 . . ., 9x = 66, x = 66/9 = 22/3]
3. 2.777 . . .
20-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: 25/9 [x = 2.777 . . ., 10x = 27.777 . . . , 9x = 25, x = 25/9]
PREAMBLE: Solve the indicial equation:
4. 33x-4 = 9x
ANSWER: x=4 [3x – 4 = 2x, x – 4 = 0, x = 4]
x+5 3x
5. 2 =4
ANSWER: x=1 [x + 5 = 6x, 5x = 5, x = 1]
4x x+1
6. 5 = 125
ANSWER: x=3 [4x = 3(x + 1), x = 3]
PREAMBLE: Evaluate the numerical expression
10
7. P2 (10 permutation 2)
ANSWER: 90 [10!/8! = 10 x 9 = 90]
6
8. P3 (6 permutation 3)
ANSWER: 120 [6!/3! = 6 x 5 x 4 = 120]
7
9. P3 (7 permutation 3)
ANSWER: 210 [7!/4! = 7 x 6 x 5 = 7 x 30 = 210]
PREAMBLE: State the converse of the given statement and indicate whether the converse is True
or False.
10. If a number is divisible by 9, then it is divisible by 3.
ANSWER: If a number is divisible by 3, then it is divisible by 9 False (2 + 1)
11. If a number is divisible by 9, then the sum of its digits is a multiple of 9 (2 + 1)
ANSWER: If the sum of the digits of a number isa multiple of 9, then it is divisible by 9,
True
12. If a number is divisible by 5, then it is divisible by 10.
ANSWER: If a number is divisible by 10, then it is divisible by 5 True (2 + 1)
3
PREAMBLE: The density of petrol is about 700 kg/m at 25 ℃.Petrol is sold at about GHC 3.00 per
litre.
1. What is the mass of one litre of petrol at 25 ℃?
ANSWER: 0.7 kg
𝑀 = 𝜌𝑉 = 700 kg/m3 × 10−3 m3 = 0.7 kg
2. What is the cost of 21 kg of petrol at 25 ℃?
ANSWER: GHC 90.00
Cost = GHC 3.00/L × 21 kg ÷ 0.7 kg/L = GHC 90.00
3. What mass of petrol does GHC 270 buy?
ANSWER: 63 kg
PREAMBLE: Find the range of values of k if
4. x2 – kx + 1 = 0 has no real roots
ANSWER: {k: -2 < k < 2} [k2 – 4 < 0, k2< 4, hence -2 < k < 2]
5. x2 + 2x + k = 0 has distinct real roots
ANSWER: {k: k < 1} [4 – 4k > 0, 4k < 4, k < 1]
6. x2 + kx – 1 = 0 has real roots.
ANSWER: {k : k is a real number} [k2 + 4 ≥ 0, valid for any real number k]
PREAMBLE: Find the next two terms of the sequence
7. 3, 5, 9, 15, . . .
ANSWER: 23, 33 [difference of terms are 2, 4, 6, 8, 10,. . . ]
8. 3, 6, 11, 18, . . .
ANSWER: 27, 38 [difference of terms are 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, . . . ]
9. 1, 3, 7, 15, . . .
ANSWER: 31, 63 [difference of terms are 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, . . .]
PREAMBLE: Find the internal angle of the given polygon.
10. regular octagon.
21-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: 135° [180 – 360/8 = 180 – 45 = 135]
11. regular decagon.
ANSWER: 144° [ 180 – 360/10 = 180 – 36 = 144]
12. regular duo-decagon.
ANSWER: 150° [180 – 360/12 = 180 – 30 = 150]
PREAMBLE: Simplify and evaluate
13. log7(1/5) + log7(5/49)
ANSWER: -2 [log7(1/5 x 5/49) = log7(1/49) = log77-2 = -2]
14. log3(1/15) + log3(5/27)
ANSWER: -4 [log3(1/15 x 5/27) = log3(1/15 x 5/27) =log3(1/81) = - 4]
15. log(2/3) + log(3/2)
ANSWER: 0 [log(2/3 x 3/2) = log1 = 0]
PREAMBLE: Find the area of the given triangle.
1. An equilateral triangle of side of length 10 cm.
ANSWER: 25√3 cm2 [(1/2)(102sin60) = (50√3)/2 = 25√3 cm2]
2. An isosceles triangle of congruent sides of length 6 cm and vertex angle 45°.
ANSWER: 9√2 cm2 [1/2 (62sin45) = (18√2)/2 = 9√2 cm2
3. A triangle with two sides of lengths 6 cm and 8 cm respectively and an included angle of 30°.
ANSWER: 12cm2 [ ½ (6 x 8)sin30 = 24(1/2) = 12 cm2]
PREAMBLE: Evaluate
4. sin27°cos18° + cos27°sin18°
ANSWER: 1/√2 [sin(27 + 18) = sin45 = 1/√2]
5. cos43°cos13° + sin43°sin13°
ANSWER: √3/2 [cos(43 – 13) = cos30 = √3/2]
6. sin57°cos27° – cos57°sin27°
ANSWER: ½ [sin(57 – 27) = sin30 = ½]
PREAMBLE: Convert the binary number to a decimal number
7. 1001110
ANSWER: 78 [26 + 23 + 22 + 2 = 64 + 8 + 4 + 2 = 78]
8. 1110011
ANSWER: 115 [26 + 25 + 24 + 2 + 1 = 64 + 32 + 16 + 2 + 1 = 115]
9. 1010101
ANSWER: 85 [ 26 + 24 + 22 + 1 = 64 + 16 + 4 + 1 = 85]
PREAMBLE: P and Q are simple statements such that P is true and Q false. Find the truth value of
the compound statement.
10. If P and Q, then P
ANSWER: True [(Tand F)→T, ie F→T which is true]
11. If P or Q, then Q
ANSWER: False [(T or F) → F, ie T → F which is False]
12. If P then Q, and not Q
ANSWER: False [ (T → F) and T, ie F and T which is False]
PREAMBLE: Find the measure of the smaller angle between the hands of a clock when the time is
1. 12.30 pm
ANSWER: 165° [180 – ½ (30) = 180 – 15 = 165]
2. 3.30 pm
ANSWER: 75° [90 – ½ (30) = 90 – 15 = 75]
3. 10.30 am
ANSWER: 135 [90 + 30 + 15 = 135]
PREAMBLE: Find the derivative of the given function:
4. y = (1 – 3x)7
ANSWER: dy/dx = -21(1 – 3x)6
22-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
5. y = (1 +3x)-5
ANSWER: dy/dx = -15(1 + 3x)-6
2 10
6. y = (x + 1)
ANSWER: y = 20x(x2 + 1)9
PREAMBLE: Find the equation of the line with:
7. slope m = -3, and y-intercept b = 5.
ANSWER: y = -3x + 5
8. slope m = 3 and x-intercept a = 5.
ANSWER: y = 3(x – 5), or y = 3x – 15
9. with x-intercept a = 1 and y-intercept b = 2.
ANSWER: x/1 + y/2 = 1, or y = -2x + 2
PREAMBLE: Given the measurements 2, 0, 4, 8, 0, 4, 2, 8 find
10. the median
ANSWER: 3 [0, 0, 2, 2, 4, 4, 8, 8 median = (2 +4)/2 = 3]
11. the mode
ANSWER: 0, 2, 4, 8
12. the mean
ANSWER: 7/2 [(2 + 2 + 4 + 4 + 8 + 8)/8 = 28/8 = 7/2]
PREAMBLE: You are given the geometric figures RECTANGLE, PARALLELOGRAM, KITE,
TRAPEZIUM and RHOMBUS.
In which of these figures are …
1. The diagonals perpendicular?
ANSWER: Kite and Rhombus
2. The opposite sides parallel and congruent?
ANSWER: Rectangle, Parallelogram and Rhombus
3. The opposite angles not congruent?
ANSWER: KITE and TRAPEZIUM
PREAMBLE: Find the inverse of the given matrix:
2 3 5 3
4. A [ Det(A) = 10 – 9 = 1, A-1 = ]
3 5 3 2
5 3
ANSWER:
3 2
1 6 9 6 3 2
5. B [Det(B) = 9 – 6 = 3, B-1 = (1/ 3) ]
1 9 1 1 1/ 3 1/ 3
3 2
ANSWER:
1/ 3 1/ 3
4 4 3 4 3 / 4 1
(1/ 4)
6. C = 2 3 -1
[ Det(C ) = 12 – 8 = 4, C = 2 4 1/ 2 1 ]
3 / 4 1
ANSWER:
1/ 2 1
PREAMBLE: Solve the variation problem:
7. y varies directly as x and y = 9 for x = 2. Find y when x = 5
ANSWER: y = 45/2 [ y = kx, 9 = 2k, k = 9/2, y = 5(9/2) = 45/2]
8. y varies inversely as x and y = 2/3 when x = ¼. Find y when x = 1/6
ANSWER: y=1 [ xy= k, k = (2/3)(1/4) = 1/6 , y = 1/(6x), y = (1/6)/(1/6) = 1]
9. y varies inversely as x and y = 0.3 for x = 0.1. Find y when x = 0.3
ANSWER: y = 0.1 [y =k/x, 0.3 = k/0.1, k = 0.03, y = (0.03)/(0.3) = 0.1]
23-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
PREAMBLE: A worker earns GHc360 a month and spends Ghc70 on rent, GHc50 on transport,
GHc150 on food and saves the rest. Find the percentage of his monthly salary……
10. spent on food.
ANSWER: 41.7 % [(150/360)100 % = 41.66% = 41.7% to 1 decimal
place]
11. spent on rent and transport
ANSWER: 33.3% [(120)(100)/360 % = 100/3 % = 33.3%]
12. that he saves
ANSWER: 25% [ (360 – 270)(100)/360% = 9000/360% = 25%]
PREAMBLE: Find the first four terms of the sequence whose general term Un is given by:
1. Un = n/(2n – 1)
ANSWER: 1, 2/3, 3/5, 4/7 [U1= 1/1, U2 = 2/(4 – 1) = , 2/3 U3 = 3/(6 – 1) , U4 =4/(8 – 1)]
2. Un = 2n
ANSWER: 2, 4, 8, 16 [U1 = 2, U2 = 22 = 4, U3 = 23 = 8, U4 = 24 = 16]
3. Un = 3n – 3
ANSWER: 0, 3, 6, 9 [U1 = 0, U2 = 6 – 3 = 3, U3 = 9 – 3= 6, U4 = 12 – 3 = 9
PREAMBLE: Find the first three terms in the binomial expansion in ascending powers of x.
4. (1 + 2x)4
ANSWER: 1 + 8x + 24x2 [1 + 4(2x ) + 6(2x)2 + . . . = 1 + 8x + 24x2]
5. (1 – 3x)3
ANSWER: 1 – 9x + 27x2 [1 + 3(-3x) + 3(-3x)2 + . . . = 1 – 9x + 27x2]
5
6. (1 + 2x)
ANSWER: 1 + 10x + 40x2 [ 1 + 5(2x) + 10(2x)2 + . . . = 1 + 10x + 40x2]
PREAMBLE: Evaluate the trigonometric expression. (You may leave answer as a surd)
7. sin240°
ANSWER: -(√3)/2 [sin240 = sin(180 + 60) = - sin60 = -(√3)/2]
8. cos(420°)
ANSWER: 1/2 [cos(420) = cos(360 + 60) = cos 60 = ½ ]
9. tan210°
ANSWER: (1/√3) [tan(210) = tan(180 + 30) = tan30 = 1/√3]]
PREAMBLE: Evaluate x if the degree measures of the angles of …
10. a quadrilateral are x, (x – 30), 2x, and (x + 40)
ANSWER: x = 70 [ x + (x – 30) + 2x + (x + 40) = 5x + 10 = 360, 5x = 350, x = 70]
11. a pentagon are x, x, 2x, 2x, 4x
ANSWER: x = 54 [ x + x + 2x + 2x + 4x = 10x = 540, x = 54]
12. a triangle are (2x + 30), (x – 10), (3x + 40)
ANSWER: x = 20 [ (2x + 30) + (x – 10) + (3x + 40) = 6x + 60 = 180, 6x = 120,x =
20]
PREAMBLE: Find dy/dx from the given equation:
1. y = x(x2 – 3)
ANSWER: dy/dx = 3x2 – 3 [y = x3 – 3x, dy/dx = 3x2 – 3]
2. y = x2 (x -1 + x -2)
ANSWER: dy/dx = 1 [ y = x + 1, dy/dx = 1]
2 -2
3. y = x –x
ANSWER: dy/dx = 2x +2x-3
PREAMBLE: Simplify by rationalizing the denominator:
4. 13/(4 - √3)
ANSWER: 4 + √3 [13(4 + √3)/(16 – 3) = 4 + √3]
5. 4/(3 + √5)
ANSWER: 3 - √5 [ 4(3 - √5)/(9 – 5) =3 - √5 ]
6. 1/(√3 + √2)
24-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: √3 - √2 [( √3 - √2)/(3 – 2) = √3 - √2]
PREAMBLE: Solve the equation for x:
7. 27x = 9 x – 1
ANSWER: x = -2 [3x = 2(x – 1), x = -2]
x 2x - 1
8. 8 = 4
ANSWER: x=2 [3x = 2(2x – 1), 3x = 4x – 2, x = 2]
2x x+1
9. 25 = 125
ANSWER: x=3 [ 2(2x) = 3(x + 1), 4x = 3x + 3, x = 3]
PREAMBLE: Find the measure in degrees of an angle such that
10. 12 times its complement is 20° greater than its supplement
ANSWER: 80° [12(90 – x) = (180 – x) + 20, 1080 – 200 = 11x, 880 = 11x, x = 80]
11. its supplement is thrice its complement
ANSWER: 45° [180 – x = 3(90 – x), 2x = 270 – 180 = 90, x = 45]
12. thrice its complement is 10 less than its supplement
ANSWER: 50o [ 3(90 – x) + 10 = 180 – x, 90 + 10 = 2x, x = 50]
PREAMBLE: State the inverse of the statement and determine if it is true
1. If a triangle is equilateral, it is equiangular.
ANSWER: If a triangle is not equilateral, it is not equiangular TRUE
2. If a triangle is isosceles, then it is an acute triangle.
ANSWER: If a triangle is not isosceles, then it is not an acute triangle FALSE
3. If two angles are a linear pair, then they are supplementary.
ANSWER: If two angles are not a linear pair, they are not supplementary FALSE
PREAMBLE: Solve the given formular for the specified variable
4. S = (n/2)(a + b) solve for b
ANSWER: b = (2S/n) – a
5. 1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 solve for R1
ANSWER: R1 = RR2/(R2 – R) [1/R1 = 1/R – 1/R2 = (R2 – R)/RR2, R1 = RR2/(R2 – R)]
6. S = (a – arn)/(1 – r) solve for a
ANSWER: a = S(1 – r)/(1 – rn) [ S(1 – r) = a(1 – rn), a = S(1 – r)/(1 – rn) ]
PREAMBLE: A and B are mutually exclusive events such that P(A) = 0.5 and P(B) = 0.3. Find:
7. P(AUB)
ANSWER: 0.8 [P(AUB) = P(A) + P(B) = 0.5 + 0.3 = 0.8]
8. P(A∩B)
ANSWER: 0 [A and B are mutually exclusive]
9. P(A|B)
ANSWER: 0 [ P(A|B) = P(A∩B)/P(B) = 0/0.3 = 0]
PREAMBLE: Convert to a decimal number:
10. 1010012
ANSWER: 41 [25 + 23 + 1 = 32 + 8 + 1 = 41]
11. 1234
ANSWER: 27 [ 42 + 2(4) + 3 = 16 + 8 + 3 = 27]
12. 5217
ANSWER: 260 [5 x 72 + 2(7) + 1 = 5(49) + 14 + 1 = 245 + 15 = 260
PREAMBLE: Give me the standard equation for the circle given:
1. center at (-2, 5) and radius √7
ANSWER: (x + 2)2 + (y – 5)2 = 7
2. center at the origin and radius 5
ANSWER: x2 + y2 = 25
3. center at (-1, -6) with radius ½ .
ANSWER: (x + 1)2 + (y + 6)2 = ¼
PREAMBLE: Evaluate:
25-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
4. 100!/98!
ANSWER: 9,900 [100 x 99 = 9900]
5. 25!/23!
ANSWER: 600 [25 x 24 = 600]
6. 1000!/998!
ANSWER: 999,000 [1000 x 999 = 999,000]
PREAMBLE: Find the number of outcomes when
7. a die is tossed twice
ANSWER: 36 [ 6 x 6 = 36]
8. a coin is tossed thrice
ANSWER: 8 [ 2 x 2 x 2 = 8]
9. a die and a coin are tossed once
ANSWER: 12 [ 6 x 2 = 12]
PREAMBLE: Simplify the expression:
10. (2a1/5b3/5)5
ANSWER: 32ab3 [ 25 a(1/5)5 x b(3/5)5 = 32ab3]
2/3 3/2 6
11. (a b )
ANSWER: a4b9 [a(2/3) x b(3/2)6 = a4b9 ]
3/4 5/2 4
12. (a b )
ANSWER: a3b10 [a ((3/4)4 x b(5/2)4 = a3b10 ]
PREAMBLE: For the set of ordered pairs of numbers, determine the domain and the range
1. A = { (2, 3), (3, 1), (-2, 2), (1, 5)}
ANSWER: Domain; {2, 3, -2, 1} and RANGE = {3, 1, 2, 5}
2. B = {(x, y) : x – y = 3}
ANSWER: Domain = {all real x}, and RANGE = {all real y}
3. C = {(x, y): y = x2 + 5}
ANSWER: Domain = {all real x}, RANGE {y : y ≥ 5}
PREAMBLE: Find the first three terms of the geometric sequence with the general term
4. Un = 3(2n – 1)
ANSWER: 3, 6, 12 [ U1 = 3(20) = 3, U2 = 3(2) = 6, U3 = 3(22) = 12]
5. Un = 2(3n – 1)
ANSWER: 2, 6, 18 [U1 = 2(30) = 2, U2 = 2(3) = 6, U3 = 2(32) = 18]
n
6. Un = 400(1/2)
ANSWER: 200, 100, 50 [ U1 = 400(1/2) = 200, U2 = 400(1/4) = 100, U3= 400(1/8) = 50]
7. Sin (5π/4)
ANSWER: -1/√2 [sin (5π/4) = - sin (π/4) = - 1/√2, angle in third quadrant]
8. cos (9π/4)
ANSWER: 1/√2 [cos (9π/4) = cos (π/4) = 1/√2, angle in first quadrant]
9. tan (5π/4)
ANSWER: 1 [tan (5π/4) = tan (π/4) = 1, angle in third quadrant]
PREAMBLE: Find the equation of the line parallel to the given line and passing through the point
A
10. 2x – y = 5, A(2, -2)
ANSWER: y = 2x - 6 [ m = 2, y + 2 = 2(x – 2), y = 2x – 6]
11. 3x + y = -7, A(-3, 2)
ANSWER: y = -3x – 7 [ m = -3, y - 2 = -3(x + 3), y = -3x – 7]
12. 2x – 3y = 6 A(3, 3)
ANSWER: y = (2/3) x + 1 [ m = 2/3, y – 3 = (2/3)(x – 3) = 2x/3 – 2. y = 2x/3 +
1]
26-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
PREAMBLE: For the set of ordered pairs of numbers, determine the domain and the range
13. A = { (2, 3), (3, 1), (-2, 2), (1, 5)}
ANSWER: Domain; {2, 3, -2, 1} and RANGE = {3, 1, 2, 5}
14. B = {(x, y) : x – y = 3}
ANSWER: Domain = {all real x}, and RANGE = {all real y}
2
15. C = {(x, y): y = x + 5}
ANSWER: Domain = {all real x}, RANGE {y : y ≥ 5}
PREAMBLE: Find the first three terms of the geometric sequence with the general term
16. Un = 3(2n – 1)
ANSWER: 3, 6, 12 [ U1 = 3(20) = 3, U2 = 3(2) = 6, U3 = 3(22) = 12]
17. Un = 2(3n – 1)
ANSWER: 2, 6, 18 [U1 = 2(30) = 2, U2 = 2(3) = 6, U3 = 2(32) = 18]
n
18. Un = 400(1/2)
ANSWER: 200, 100, 50 [ U1 = 400(1/2) = 200, U2 = 400(1/4) = 100, U3= 400(1/8) = 50]
19. Sin (5π/4)
ANSWER: -1/√2 [sin (5π/4) = - sin (π/4) = - 1/√2, angle in third quadrant]
20. cos (9π/4)
ANSWER: 1/√2 [cos (9π/4) = cos (π/4) = 1/√2, angle in first quadrant]
21. tan (5π/4)
ANSWER: 1 [tan (5π/4) = tan (π/4) = 1, angle in third quadrant]
PREAMBLE: Find the equation of the line parallel to the given line and passing through the point
A
22. 2x – y = 5, A(2, -2)
ANSWER: y = 2x - 6 [ m = 2, y + 2 = 2(x – 2), y = 2x – 6]
23. 3x + y = -7, A(-3, 2)
ANSWER: y = -3x – 7 [ m = -3, y - 2 = -3(x + 3), y = -3x – 7]
24. 2x – 3y = 6 A(3, 3)
ANSWER: y = (2/3) x + 1 [ m = 2/3, y – 3 = (2/3)(x – 3) = 2x/3 – 2. y = 2x/3 +
1]
PREAMBLE: Find the number of arrangements of n different books on a shelf given that:
1. n = 5
ANSWER: 120 [ 5! = 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 120]
2. n = 4
ANSWER: 24 [ 4! = 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24]
3. n = 6
ANSWER: 720 [ 6! = 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 6(120) = 720]
PREAMBLE: Given that f(x) = √(x + 3) and g(x) = 2x, find the composite function
4. f(g(x))
ANSWER: √(2x + 3) [ f(g(x)) = f( 2x ) = √(2x + 3)]
5. g(f(x))
ANSWER: 2√(x + 3) [ g(f(x)) = g(√(x + 3)) = 2√(x + 3)]
6. g(g(x)
ANSWER: 4x [g(g(x)) = g(2x) = 2(2x) = 4x]
3 2 7 2
PREAMBLE: The matrices A and B are given by A and B . Find the
4 1 1 5
matrix
27-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
7. 2A + B
1 6 6 4 7 2 1 6
ANSWER: [ ]
9 7 8 2 1 5 9 7
8. A - 2B
17 2 3 2 14 4 17 2
ANSWER: [ ]
2 9 4 1 2 10 2 9
9. A – B
10 0 3 2 7 2 10 0
ANSWER: [ ]
3 4 4 1 1 5 3 4
PREAMBLE: Rewrite the expression as a single logarithm
10. log(x +1) + log(x – 1)
ANSWER: log(x2 – 1) [log [(x + 1) (x – 1)] = log(x2 – 1)
11. log(x2 – 4) – log(x – 2)
ANSWER: log(x + 2) [log [(x2 – 4)/(x – 2)] = log(x + 2)]
12. log(x – 3) – log(x2 – 9)
ANSWER: log [1/(x + 3)] or –log(x + 3) [log [(x – 3)/(x2 – 9)] = log [1/(x + 3)] ]
PREAMBLE: Evaluate k given that
1. (x + 2) is a factor of f(x) = 3x3 + kx2 + 2x + 28
ANSWER: k = 0 [f (- 2) = - 24 + 4k – 4+ 28 = 0, 4k = 0, k = 0]
2. (x + 1) is a factor of f(x) = 2x3 – x2 + kx - 2
ANSWER: k = -5 [f (-1) = -2 – 1 – k - 2 = 0, k = -5]
3 2
3. (x – 2) is a factor of f(x) = x – 5x + 7x + k
ANSWER: k = -2 [f (2) = 8 – 20 + 14 + k = 0, 22 – 20 + k = 0, k = -2]
PREAMBLE: Convert to km/hr.
4. 45 m/s
ANSWER: 162 km/hr [45 x 3600/1000 = 45 x 36/10 = 9 x 18 = 162]
5. 30 m/s
ANSWER: 108 km/hr [30 x 3600/1000 = 3 x 36 = 108]
6. 50 m/s
ANSWER: 180 km/hr [50 x 3600/1000 = 5 x 36 = 180]
PREAMBLE: Find the measure of the exterior angle of a:
7. regular pentagon.
ANSWER: 72° [360/5 = 72]
8. regular octagon
ANSWER: 45° [360/8 = 45]
9. regular nonagon
ANSWER: 40° [360/9 = 40]
PREAMBLE: Express the recurring decimal as a rational number.
10. 4.4444 . . . .
ANSWER: 40/9 [Let x = 4.444 . . ., 10x = 44.4444 . . , 9x = 40, x = 40/9]
11. 5.7777 . . .
ANSWER: 52/9 [Let x = 5.7777 . ., 10x = 57.7777 . . ., 9x = 52, x = 52/9]
12. 7.1111 . . .
ANSWER: 64/9 [Let x = 7.1111 . ., 10x = 71.1111, 9x = 64, x = 64/9]
PREAMBLE: Simplify
1. √(7/5) + √(5/7)
ANSWER: (12/35)√35 [(1/5)√35 + (1/7)√35 = (12/35)√35]
2. √(11/15) + √(15/11)
28-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: (26/165)√165 [ (1/15)√165 + (1/11)√165 = (26/165)√165 ]
3. √(13/5) - √(5/13)
ANSWER: (8/65)√65 [ (1/5)√65 – (1/13)√65 = (8/65)√65]
PREAMBLE: Identify as ADJACENT, VERTICALLY OPPOSITE, COMPLEMENTARY or
SUPPLEMENTARY ANGLES
4. Two angles with the same vertex and a common side
ANSWER: Adjacent Angles
5. Two non-adjacent angles formed by two intersecting lines
ANSWER: Vertically Opposite Angles
6. Two angles whose measures add up to two right angles
ANSWER: Supplementary Angles
PREAMBLE: Solve for a positive value of x given that:
7. 121x = 3610
ANSWER: x = 5 [x2 + 2x + 1 = 36, x2 + 2x – 35= 0 (x – 5)(x + 7) = 0, x = 5]
8. 111x = 5710
ANSWER: x=7 [ x2 + x + 1 = 57, x2 + x - 56 = 0, (x + 8)(x – 7) = 0, x = 7]
9. xxx5 = 9310
ANSWER: x = 3 [ 25x + 5x + x = 31x = 93, x = 3]
PREAMBLE: Find the inverse of the given function:
10. f(x) = 2 + √(x + 3)
ANSWER: f-1(x) = (x – 2)2 – 3 [y = 2 + √(x + 3), x = 2 + √(y + 3), (x – 2)2 = y +3, y =
(x – 2)2 – 3]
11. f(x) = (x + 1)3
ANSWER: f-1(x) = 3
x 1 [ y = (x + 1)3, x = (y + 1)3, y + 1 = 3
x , y 3 x 1]
12. f(x) = (2x + 1)/(1 – 2x)
ANSWER: f-1(x) = (x – 1)/(2x + 2)
[y = (2x + 1)/(1 – 2x), x = (2y + 1)/(1 – 2y), x(1 – 2y) = (2y + 1)
y(2x + 2) = x – 1, y = (x – 1)/(2x + 2)]
PREAMBLE: Find the coordinates of the midpoints of the sides of a triangle whose vertices are:
1 A(0, 0), B(8, 0) and C(0, 6)
ANSWER: (4, 0) , (4, 3) and (0, 3)
2 A(12, 0), B(0, -4) and C(-6, 2)
ANSWER: (6, -2), (-3, -1) and (3, 1)
3 A(3, 5), B(5, 7) and C(7, 11)
ANSWER: (4, 6), (6, 9) and (5, 8)
PREAMBLE: Name the quadrant in which the angular measure lies.
4 5π/12 radians
ANSWER: First Quadrant
5 15π/12 radians
ANSWER: Third Quadrant
6 5π/8 radians
ANSWER: Second Quadrant
PREAMBLE: Express the numerical expression in standard decimal notation.
7 5.98 x 105
ANSWER: 598,000
8 4.3 x 10-4
ANSWER: 0.00043
9 3.56 x 106
ANSWER: 3,560,000
29-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
PREAMBLE: Find A and B such that:
1 A B
10 ( x 3)( x 2) x 3 x 2
ANSWER: A = -1/5, B = 1/5 [A(x – 2) + B(x + 3) = 1, for x = 2, 5B = 1; for x = -3 -5A =
1,]
1 A B
( x 1) x 3 x 1 x 3
11
ANSWER: A = -1/4, B = 1/4 [A(x – 3) + B(x + 1) = 1, for x = 3, 4B = 1; for x = -1, -4A =
1]
1 A B
12 ( x 2)( x 1) x 2 x 1
ANSWER: A = -1/3, B =1/3
[A(x – 1) + B(x + 2) = 1, for x = 1, 3B = 1 and for x = -2, -3A = 1]
PREAMBLE: Find the standard equation of the circle with
1. center at (5, 3) and passing through the point (2, -1)
ANSWER: (x – 5)2 + (y – 3)2 = 25 [ r2 = (5 – 2)2 + (3 + 1)2 = 9 + 16 = 25]
2. center at (-5, 4) and passing through the point (0, -8)
ANSWER: (x + 5)2 + (y – 4)2 = 169 [r2 = 52 + 122 = 25 + 144 = 169]
3. center at (3, -4) and passing through the point (2, -3)
ANSWER: (x – 3)2 + (y + 4)2 = 2 [r2 = 12 + 12 = 1 + 1 = 2]
PREAMBLE: Find a formular for the nth term of the given sequence.
4. 2, 4, 6, 8, . . .
ANSWER: Un = 2n [Un = 2 + (n – 1)2 = 2n]
5. 1, 8, 27, 64, . . .
ANSWER: Un = n3
6. 1, 3, 5, 7, . . .
ANSWER: Un = 2n – 1 [ Un = 1 + (n – 1)2 = 2n – 1]
PREAMBLE: Complete the sentence with PARALLELOGRAM, SQUARE, RECTANGLE or
KITE.
7. A parallelogram having one right angle is a . . .
ANSWER: Rectangle
8. A kite with opposite angles congruent is a . . .
ANSWER: Parallelogram
9. A rhombus with adjacent angles congruent is a . . .
ANSWER: Square
PREAMBLE: Factorise.
10. 2x2 – 7x – 15
ANSWER: (2x + 3)(x – 5) [2x2 – 10x + 3x – 15 = 2x(x – 5) + 3(x – 5) = (2x + 3)(x –
5)]
2
11. 3x + 2x – 5
ANSWER: (3x + 5)(x – 1) [ 3x2 + 5x – 3x – 5 = x(3x + 5) – 1(3x + 5) = (3x + 5)(x –
1)]
2
12. 4x – x – 3
ANSWER: (4x + 3)(x – 1) [4x2 – 4x + 3x – 3 = 4x(x – 1) + 3(x – 1) = (4x + 3)(x -
1)]
PREAMBLE: Find the measures of two angles such that:
1. the angles are supplementary and one angle’s measure is 20° more than four times the other.
ANSWER: 148°, 32° [a + b = 180, a = 4b + 20, 5b + 20 = 180, 5b = 160, b = 32, a =
148 ]
2. the angles are complementary and one measure is 10° less than thrice the other.
30-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: 65°, 25° [a + b = 90, a = 3b – 10, 4b – 10 = 90, 4b = 100, b = 25 and a =
65]
3. the sum of the angles is 75° and their difference is 21°.
ANSWER: 48°, 27° [a + b = 75, a – b = 21, 2a = 96, a = 48, b = 27]
PREAMBLE: Find the distance between the pair of points:
4. A (4, 1) and B (7, 5)
ANSWER: 5 [ (3)2 42 9 16 25 5 ]
5. A (-3, 0) and B(0, √7)
ANSWER: 4 [ 9 7 16 4]
6. A(2, 3) and B(-10, 12)
[ 12 9 144 81 225 15 ]
2 2
ANSWER: 15
PREAMBLE: Find a recurrence relation for the given sequence
7. 3, 12, 21, 30, . . .
ANSWER: Un = Un – 1 + 9, U1 = 3
8. 1/3, 1, 3, 9, . . .
ANSWER: Un = 3Un – 1, U1 = 1/3
9. 30, 25, 20, 15, . . .
ANSWER: Un = Un – 1 – 5, U1 = 30
PREAMBLE: Solve for x from the linear equation.
10. (x – 4)/2 – (x – 6)/3 = 7
ANSWER: x = 42 [3(x – 4) – 2(x – 6) = 42, x – 12 + 12 = 42, x = 42]
11. (x – 2)/5 –(x + 1)/3 = 3
ANSWER: x = -28 [3(x – 2) – 5(x + 1) = 45, -2x - 11 = 45, 2x = - 56, x = -28]
12. (x - 5)/3 + (x + 5)/2 = 5
ANSWER: x = 5 [ 2(x – 5) + 3(x + 5) = 30, 5x – 10 + 15 = 30, 5x = 25, x = 5]
PREAMBLE: Find three consecutive natural numbers such that:
1. the product of the first and third numbers exceeds the product of 8 and the second number by 32.
ANSWER: 10, 11, 12
[ n(n + 2) = 8(n + 1) + 32, n2 – 6n - 40 = 0, (n – 10)(n + 4) = 0, n = 10]
2. the product of the first and third numbers is 10 less than ten times the second number.
ANSWER: 8, 9, 10 [n(n + 2) = 10(n + 1) – 10, n2 – 8n = 0, n = 8]
3. the product of the first and second numbers exceeds four times the third number by 2.
ANSWER: 5, 6, 7
[n(n + 1) = 4(n + 2) + 2, n2 – 3n – 10 = 0, (n – 5)(n + 2) = 0, n = 5]
PREAMBLE: Identify the geometric concept as SEGMENT, RIGHT ANGLE, CENTRAL
ANGLE, DIAMETER, ARC
4. The longest chord of a circle.
ANSWER: Diameter
5. An angle formed by two radii of a circle.
ANSWER: Central Angle
6. A continuous part of a circle.
ANSWER: ARC
PREAMBLE: Find the coordinates of the center C and radius R of a circle if the end points of a
diameter are:
7. A(- 3, 1) and B(3, - 7)
ANSWER: C(0, -3), R = 5 [D = 62 82 100 10, R = 10/2 = 5]
8. A(-2, 5) and B(3, -7)
ANSWER: C(1/2, -1), R = 13/2 [ D 52 122 169 13, R 13 / 2]
31-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
9. A(-5, 5) and B(-7, 5)
ANSWER: C(-6, 5), R = 1 [ D = 2, R = 2/2 = 1]
PREAMBLE: Find the common ratio in the exponential sequence
10. 4, 2, 1, ½ . . .
ANSWER: ½
11. 1, 5, 25, 125, . . .
ANSWER: 5
12. 1, 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, . . .
ANSWER: 10-1 or 1/10
PREAMBLE: A fair coin is tossed three times. Find the probability of obtaining:
1. at least two heads.
ANSWER: 1/2 [ A = {HHT, THH, HTH, HHH} P(A) = 4/8 = ½]
2. at most two heads.
ANSWER: 7/8 [B = {TTT, HTT, THT, TTH, HHT, THH, HTH} P(B) = 7/8]
3. one head or two heads.
ANSWER: 3/4 [C = {HTT, THT, TTH, HHT, HTH, THH}, P(C ) = 6/8 = ¾]
PREAMBLE: Evaluate the limit.
Lim x 2
4. x 7
ANSWER: 3 [ 72 9 3]
3x 1
Lim
5. x 3 x2 1
9 1
ANSWER: 1 [ 1]
9 1
Lim( x3 6 x 5)
6. x 2
ANSWER: 1 [ (8 – 12 + 5 = 13 – 12 = 1]
7. Find the length of a diagonal of a rectangle whose sides are 8 cm and 15 cm.
ANSWER: 17 cm [ d = √(82 + 152) = √(64 + 225) = √289 = 17]
8. Find the width of a rectangular plate whose length is 4 m and a diagonal is 5 m long.
ANSWER: 3 m [ w = √(52 - 42 ) = √(25 – 16) = √9 = 3]
9. Find the length of a diagonal of a square whose side is 10 cm long.
ANSWER: 10√2 cm [ d = √(102 + 102) = 10√2 ]
PREAMBLE: P, Q and R are statements such that P is true, Q false and R true. Find the truth value
of the compound statement.
10. If P, then (Q or R)
ANSWER: True [P is true, Q or R is true hence implication is true]
11. (P and Q) or R
ANSWER: True [P and Q is false, R is true hence statement is true]
12. (P or Q) and R
ANSWER: True [P or Q is true, R is true hence statement is true]
1. Find the eighth term of a linear sequence with first term -3, and a common difference 5.
ANSWER: 32 [ U8 = -3 + 7(5) = 35 – 3 = 32]
2. Find the eleventh term of a linear sequence with first term 25 and common difference – 2.
ANSWER: 5 [ U11 = 25 + 10(-2) = 25 – 20 = 5]
3. Find the fifth term of a linear sequence with first term 7, and common difference -3.
ANSWER: - 5 [ U5 = 7 + 4(-3) = 7 – 12 = -5].
PREAMBLE: Solve the radical equation.
4. √(x + 4) = 3
ANSWER: x = 5 [x + 4 = 9, x = 5 ]
32-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
5. √(2x – 1) = 7
ANSWER: x = 25 [2x – 1 = 49, 2x = 50, x = 25]
6. √(3x – 5) = 11
ANSWER: x = 42 [ 3x – 5 = 121, 3x = 126, x = 42 ]
PREAMBLE: Two fair dice are thrown. Find the probability:
7. the total score is 10
ANSWER: 1/12 [ A = {(4, 6), (6, 4) , (5, 5) P(A) = 3/36 = 1/12]
8. the total score is less than 5
ANSWER: 1/6 [ B ={ (1, 1), (1, 2). (2. 1), (2, 2), (1, 3), (3, 1)} P(B) = 6/36 = 1/6]
9. the total score exceeds 10
ANSWER: 1/12 [ C = {(5, 6), (6, 5), (6, 6)}, P(C ) = 3/36 = 1/12]
PREAMBLE: Determine whether the variation between the indicated quantities is direct or inverse.
1. A car’s speed and the time taken to complete a journey of a fixed distance
ANSWER: Inverse [distance = speed x time, time = distance/speed]
2. On earth, the weight of an object and the mass of the object]
ANSWER: Direct [W = mg, hence relation is direct]
3. The number of painters hired to paint a house and the time taken to paint the house.
ANSWER: Inverse
PREAMBLE: Find the radian measure of the smaller angle between the hands of a clock at the
given time.
4. 5.30 pm
ANSWER: π/12 radians [the angle is 15°, which is 15π/180 = π/12 radians]
5. 11.30 am
ANSWER: 11π/12 radians [ the angle is (180 – 15)° = 165π/180 = 11π/12 radians ]
6. 8.30 am
ANSWER: 5π/12 radians [ the angle is (90 – 15)° = 75π/180 = 5π/12 radians]
PREAMBLE: Find the first three terms of a sequence whose general term or nth term is given by
7. Un = (-2)n
ANSWER: -2, 4, -8 [ U1 = (-2)1 = -2, U2 = (-2)2 = 4, U3 = (-2)3 = -8 ]
8. Un = (n + 2)/n
ANSWER: 3, 2, 5/3 [ U1 = (1 + 2)/1 = 3, U2 = (2 + 2)/2 = 4/2 = 2, U3 = (3 + 2)/3 =
5/3]
9. Un = 5n – 3
ANSWER: 2, 7, 12 [U1 = 5 – 3 = 2, U2 = 10 – 3 = 7, U3 = 15 – 3 = 12]
PREAMBLE: Find two integers x and y such that their product is a maximum given that:
10. x + y = 110 [y = 110 – x, P = x(110 – x) = 110x – x2, dP/dx = 110 – 2x = 0, x = 55, y = 55]
ANSWER: x = 55, y = 55
11. y + 2x = 24 [ y = 24 – 2x, P = xy = x(24 – 2x), dP/dx = 24 – 4x = 0, x = 6, y = 24 – 2(6) =
12]
ANSWER: x = 6, y = 12
12. y + 3x = 42 [y = 42 – 3x, P = xy = x(42 – 3x) , dP/dx = 42 – 6x = 0, x = 7, y = 42 – 3(7) = 21]
ANSWER: x = 7 and y = 21
PREAMBLE: Differentiate the given function using the chain rule.
1. y = (x2 + 2x)5
ANSWER: dy/dx = 10(x + 1)(x2 + 2x)4 [dy/dx = 5(x2 + 2x)4(2x + 2) = 10(x + 1)(x2 + 2x)4]
2. y = (3x – x2)7
ANSWER: dy/dx = 7(3 – 2x)(3x – x2)6 [dy/dx = 7(3x – x2)6(3 – 2x) = 7(3 – 2x)(3x – x2)6 ]
3. y = (x + 1/x)5
ANSWER: dy/dx = 5(1 – 1/x2)(x + 1/x)4 [dy/dx = 5(x + 1/x)4(1 – 1/x2)]
33-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
PREAMBLE: Find the number n of sides of a polygon if the sum of the measures of the interior
angles is
4. 28 straight angles.
ANSWER: n = 30 [ (n – 2)180 = 28(180), n – 2 = 28, n = 30]
5. 20 right angles.
ANSWER: n = 12 [ (n – 2)180 = 20(90) = 1800, n – 2 = 10,n = 12]
6. 4500°
ANSWER: n = 27 [ (n – 2)180 = 4500, 2(n – 2) = 50, n – 2 = 25, n = 27]
PREAMBLE: Solve the linear inequality.
7. 2x + 1 > 3 – 2(x + 1)
ANSWER: {x: x > 0} [ 4x + 1 > 1, 4x > 0, x > 0]
8. 3(x + 1) < 5 – (2x – 3)
ANSWER: {x : x < 1 } [ 5x + 3 < 8, 5x < 5, x < 1 ]
9. 2(2 – x) + 3 > 3x – 3
ANSWER: {x : x < 2} [ 7 – 2x > 3x – 3, 10 > 5x, 5x < 10, x < 2]
PREAMBLE: Find the exact value of the given trigonometric expression. (Leave answer as a surd)
10. cos15°
3 1
ANSWER:
2 2
1 3 1
[cos15 = cos(45 – 30) = cos45cos30 + sin45sin30 = ( )]
2 2 2
11. tan15°
3 1
ANSWER:
3 1
tan 45 tan 30 1 1/ 3 3 1
[tan15 = tan(45 – 30) = ]
1 tan 45 tan 30 1 1(1/ 3) 3 1
12. sin15°
3 1
ANSWER:
2 2
1 3 1
[ sin15 = sin(45 – 30) = sin45cos30 – cos45sin30 = ( )]
2 2 2
PREAMBLE: Find an equation for the circle that satisfies the given condition
1. center at the origin and passing through the point (3, 4)
ANSWER: x2 + y2 = 25 [ r2 = 32 + 42 = 9 + 16 = 25]
2. center at C(2, -1) and passing through the point P(-1, 3)
ANSWER: (x – 2)2 + (y + 1)2 = 25 [ r2 = (2 + 1)2 + (3 + 1)2 = 9 + 16 = 25]
3. center at C(-1, 5) and passing through the point P(4, -7).
ANSWER: (x + 1)2 + (y – 5)2 = 169 [ r2 = (4 + 1)2 + (5 + 7)2 = 25 + 144 = 169 ]
PREAMBLE: Convert the given decimal number to a number in the given base
4. 328 to base 5
ANSWER: 23035 [ 328 = 2(53) + 3(52) + 0(5) + 3 = 23035 ]
5. 635 to base 6
ANSWER: 25356 [635 = 2(63) + 5(62) + 3(6) + 5 = 25356 ]
6. 249 to base 7
ANSWER: 5047 [ 249 = 5(49) + 0(7) + 4 = 5047 ]
PREAMBLE: Find the number of sides of a polygon if the sum of the measures of its interior
angles is
34-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
7. 3600°
ANSWER: 22 [(n – 2)180 = 3600, n – 2 = 20, n = 22]
8. 1260°
ANSWER: 9 [ (n – 2)180 = 1260, n – 2 = 7, n = 9]
9. 5400°
ANSWER: 32 [ (n – 2)180 = 5400, n – 2 = 30, n = 32]
PREAMBLE: Find the number of axes of symmetry of the given quadrilateral
10. parallelogram
ANSWER: 0 (no axis of symmetry)
11. isosceles trapezium.
ANSWER: 1
12. regular quadrilateral.
ANSWER: 4
PREAMBLE: Evaluate the trigonometric expression. (You may leave answer as a surd where
appropriate)
1. sin (5π/6) - cos(5π/6)
ANSWER: (1 + √3)/2 [sin(π/6) + cos(π/6) =1/2 + √3/2 = (1 + √3)/2 ]
2. cos(3π/4) + sin(3π/4)
ANSWER: 0 [ - cos(π/4) + sin(π/4) = -1/√2 + 1/√2 = 0]
3. sin(2π/3) + cos(2π/3)
ANSWER: (√3 – 1)/2 [ sin(π/3) – cos(π/3) = √3/2 – ½ = (√3 – 1)/2]
4. z varies jointly as x and y, and z = √3 when x = √2 and y = √8. Find z when x = √6 and y = 8
ANSWER: z = 6√2 [z = kxy, k = √3/(√2√8)=√3/4, z = ¼(√3)(√6)8 = 6√2 ]
5. z varies as x and inversely as y, and z = 5 when x = 2 and y = 3. Find z when x = 6 and y = 5.
ANSWER: z = 9 [z = kx/y, k = 5(3/2) = 15/2, z = (15/2)(6/5) = 9 ]
2
6. z varies as x and inversely as y and z = 10 when x = 5 and y = 2. Find z when x = 2 and y = 4.
ANSWER: z = 1 [ z = kx/y2, k = 10 x 4/5 = 8, z = 8(2)/16 = 1 ]
PREAMBLE: Solve the radical equation.
7. x 2 2 x 13 x 3
ANSWER: x=1 [ x2 + 2x + 13 = x2 + 6x + 9, 2x + 13 = 6x + 9, 4x = 4 and x = 1]
8. x 2 3x 10 x 2
ANSWER : x=2 [x2 + 3x – 10 = x2 – 4x + 4, 7x = 14, x = 2]
9. x 2 8 x 15 x 5
ANSWER: x = -5 [ x2 + 8x + 15 = x2 + 10x + 25, 2x + 10 = 0, x = -5]
PREAMBLE: Find the images of the vertices of a triangle ABC under a reflection in the line y = x
given.
10. A (3, 4), B(-7, 5) and C(7, -5)
ANSWER: A’(4, 3), B’(5, -7) and C’(-5, 7)
11. A(5, 0), B(0, 8) and C(0, 0)
ANSWER: A’(0, 5), B’(8, 0) and C’(0, 0)
12. A(4, 4), B(-3, -5) and C(8, - 9)
ANSWER: A’(4, 4), B’(-5, -3) and C’(-9, 8)
PREAMBLE: Find the equation of the line parallel to the given line and passing through the point
A.
1. 2x – y = 5, with A(2, -2)
ANSWER: y = 2x – 6 [ m = 2, y + 2 = 2(x – 2), y = 2x – 6]
2. 3x + y = 7, with A(-3, 2)
ANSWER: y = -3x – 7 [ m = -3, y – 2 = -3(x + 3), y = -3x – 7]
35-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
3. 2x - 3y = 6, with A(3, 3)
ANSWER: y = 2x/3 + 1 [ m = 2/3, y – 3 = (2/3)(x – 3) = 2x/3 – 2, y = 2x/3 + 1]
PREAMBLE: Differentiate implicitly to find dy/dx from the given equation.
4. x2 + xy – y2 = 10
ANSWER: dy/dx = (2x + y)/(2y – x)
[ 2x + y + xdy/dx – 2ydy/dx = 0, (dy/dx)(2y - x) = (2x + y)]
2
5. x – xy + 2y = 12
ANSWER: dy/dx = (2x – y)/(x – 2)
[2x – (xdy/dx + y) + 2dy/dx = 0, (dy/dx)(x – 2) = (2x – y) ]
2
6. 3x + 2xy + y = 8
ANSWER: dy/dx = -(3 + 2y)/(2x + 2y)
[3 + 2(xdy/dx + y) + 2ydy/dx = 0, dy/dx(2x + 2y) = -(3 + 2y)]
PREAMBLE: Find the first three terms in the binomial expansion of the given binomial power in
ascending powers of x.
7. (1 + 2x)8
ANSWER: 1 + 16x + 112x2 [ 1 8(2 x) 28(2 x) 2 1 16 x 112 x 2 ]
8. (1 – x)10
ANSWER: 1 – 10x + 45x2 [ 1 + 10(-x) + 45(-x)2 = 1 – 10x + 45x2 ]
15
9. (1 + x)
ANSWER: 1 + 15x + 105x2 [ 1 + 15x + (15)(14)/2(x2) = 1 + 15x + 105x2]
PREAMBLE: Find the values of constants A and B such that:
x7 A B
10. ( x 3)( x 2) x 3 x 2
ANSWER: A = 2, B = -1 [x + 7 = A(x + 2) + B(x – 3), 10 = 5A, A = 2, 5 = -5B, B = -
1]
2x 4 A B
11. [ 2x – 4 = A(x + 3) + B(x + 1), -6 = A(2), A =-3 , -10 = -2B, B =
( x 1)( x 3) x 1 x 3
5/]
ANSWER: A = -3, B = 5
3 A B
12. [3 = A(x - 3) + Bx, 3 = -3A, A = -1, 3 = 3B, B = 1]
x( x 3) x x 3
ANSWER: A = -1, B = 1
PREAMBLE: Find the first four terms of the sequence defined by the recurrence relation and
identify the sequence.
13. Un +1 = Un with U1 = 2
ANSWER: 2, 2, 2, 2 (linear sequence or exponential sequence) (Marks: 2 + 1)
14. Un + 1 = 3Un with U1 = 1
ANSWER: 1, 3, 9, 27 (exponential sequence) (Marks: 2 + 1)
15. Un + 1 = Un + 3, with U1 = 2
ANSWER: 2, 5, 8, 11 (linear sequence) (Marks: 2 + 1)
PREAMBLE: Describe the region in the coordinate plane given by the set.
16. A = {(x, y): x2 + y2 < 1}
ANSWER: Points or region inside the circle with center at the origin and of radius 1.
2 2
17. B = {(x, y): x + y > 4}
ANSWER: Points or region outside the circle with center at the origin and of radius 2.
18. C = {(x, y) : 1 < x2 + y2 < 4}
ANSWER: Points or region between the concentric circles with center at the origin and of
radii 1 and 2 respectively.
36-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
PREAMBLE: How many three digit numbers can be formed if…..
19. the first digit is not zero,
ANSWER: 900 [ 9 x 10 x 10 = 900]
20. the first digit is not zero and no digit is repeated,
ANSWER: 648 [ 9 x 9 x 8 = 81 x 8 = 648]
21. the first digit is not zero and the number is odd?
ANSWER: 450 [ 9 x 10 x 5 = 450]
2 3 3 5
PREAMBLE: Given the matrices A and B , find
1 4 2 2
2 3 3 5 8 7
22. A – 2B [ 2 ]
1 4 2 2 5 8
8 7
ANSWER:
5 8
2 3 3 5 1 11
23. 2A + B [ 2 ]
1 4 2 2 0 6
1 11
ANSWER:
0 6
2 3 3 5 0 19
24. 3A + 2B [ 3 2 ]
1 4 2 2 1 8
0 19
ANSWER:
1 8
PREAMBLE: Under a translation T, the point (3, 4) maps onto the point (1, 2). Find the image of
the given point under the same translation.
1. (8, 5)
ANSWER: (6, 3) [u = (1, 2) – (3, 4) = (-2, -2). (8, 5) + (-2, -2) = (6, 3)]
2. (-5, -1)
ANSWER: (-7, -3) [ u = (-2, -2). (-5, -1) + (-2, -2) = (-7, -3)]
3. (-2, 6)
ANSWER: (- 4, 4) [u = (-2, -2) (-2, 6) + (-2, -2) = (-4, 4)]
PREAMBLE: A box contains 2 black, 3red and 4 white marbles identical except for colour. 2
marbles are drawn from the box without replacement. Find the probability that:
4. both marbles are black.
ANSWER: 1/36 [ 2/9 x 1/8 = 1/9 x ¼ = 1/36]
5. both marbles are red.
ANSWER: 1/12 [ 3/9 x 2/8 = 1/3 x ¼ = 1/12]
6. none of the marbles is red or black.
ANSWER: 1/6 [ 4/9 x 3/8 = 1/3 x ½ = 1/6 both are white]
PREAMBLE: Identify as a RECTANGLE, SQUARE, KITE, or RHOMBUS.
7. A quadrilateral with four axes of symmetry and fitting its outline in 8 positions.
ANSWER: Square
8. A quadrilateral with one axis of symmetry and fitting its outline in two positions.
ANSWER: Kite
9. A quadrilateral with a center of symmetry, no axis of symmetry and fitting its outline in 2
positions.
ANSWER: Rhombus
PREAMBLE: Solve the quadratic inequality.
37-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
10. (x + 2)2 < 9
ANSWER: {x: -5 < x < 1} [ -3 < x + 2 < 3, - 5 < x < 1]
2
11. (x – 3) > 16
ANSWER: {x : x < -1, or x > 7 } [ x – 3 < -4 or x – 3 > 4, x < - 1 or x > 7}
2
12. (x + 3) < 49
ANSWER: {x : -10 < x < 4} [ -7 < x + 3 < 7, -10 < x < 4]
PREAMBLE: Under a translation T, the point (3, 4) maps onto the point (1, 2). Find the image of
the given point under the same translation.
13. (8, 5)
ANSWER: (6, 3) [u = (1, 2) – (3, 4) = (-2, -2). (8, 5) + (-2, -2) = (6, 3)]
14. (-5, -1)
ANSWER: (-7, -3) [ u = (-2, -2). (-5, -1) + (-2, -2) = (-7, -3)]
15. (-2, 6)
ANSWER: (- 4, 4) [u = (-2, -2) (-2, 6) + (-2, -2) = (-4, 4)]
PREAMBLE: A box contains 2 black, 3red and 4 white marbles identical except for colour. 2
marbles are drawn from the box without replacement. Find the probability that:
16. both marbles are black.
ANSWER: 1/36 [ 2/9 x 1/8 = 1/9 x ¼ = 1/36]
17. both marbles are red.
ANSWER: 1/12 [ 3/9 x 2/8 = 1/3 x ¼ = 1/12]
18. none of the marbles is red or black.
ANSWER: 1/6 [ 4/9 x 3/8 = 1/3 x ½ = 1/6 both are white]
PREAMBLE: Identify as a RECTANGLE, SQUARE, KITE, or RHOMBUS.
19. A quadrilateral with four axes of symmetry and fitting its outline in 8 positions.
ANSWER: Square
20. A quadrilateral with one axis of symmetry and fitting its outline in two positions.
ANSWER: Kite
21. A quadrilateral with a center of symmetry, no axis of symmetry and fitting its outline in 2
positions.
ANSWER: Rhombus
PREAMBLE: Solve the quadratic inequality.
22. (x + 2)2 < 9
ANSWER: {x: -5 < x < 1} [ -3 < x + 2 < 3, - 5 < x < 1]
23. (x – 3)2 > 16
ANSWER: {x : x < -1, or x > 7 } [ x – 3 < -4 or x – 3 > 4, x < - 1 or x > 7}
2
24. (x + 3) < 49
ANSWER: {x : -10 < x < 4} [ -7 < x + 3 < 7, -10 < x < 4]
PREAMBLE: Determine if it is possible to have a polygon the sum of whose interior angles is
given. Explain your answer.
1. 1260°
ANSWER: Possible this is a polygon with 9 sides [(n – 2)180 = 1260, 2n – 4 = 14, n – 2 =
7, n = 9]
2. 1890°
ANSWER: not possible since number of sides of a polygon is a whole number.
[ (n – 2)180 = 1890, 2(n – 2) = 21, 2n = 25, n = 25/2]
3. 1980°
ANSWER: possible, polygon with 24 sides [ (n – 2)180 = 1980, n – 2 = 11, n = 13]
PREAMBLE: Find the exact value of the trigonometric expression:
tan 23 tan 22 tan 23 tan 22
tan(23 22) tan 45 1
4. 1 tan 23 tan 22 [ 1 tan 23 tan 22 ]
38-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: 1
tan 58 tan13
5. [ tan(58 – 13) = tan 45 = 1]
1 tan 58 tan13
ANSWER: 1
tan 89 tan 46
6. [ tan(89 + 46) = tan(135) = tan(180 – 45) = -tan45 = -1]
1 tan 89 tan 46
ANSWER: -1
PREAMBLE: Find an expression for the area of….
7. an equilateral triangle of side of length s.
ANSWER: (s2√3)/4 [ A = ½ s2sin60 = ½ s2(√3/2)= ¼ s2√3]
8. an equilateral triangle of height h.
ANSWER: h2/√3 or (h2√3)/3 [ A = ½ sh, s = 2h/tan60 = 2h/√3, A = ½ 2hh/√3 = h2/√3]
9. a square with diagonal of length d.
ANSWER: ½ d2 [A = s2, d2 = 2s2 , s2 = ½ d2 and A = ½ d2]
PREAMBLE: Solve the absolute value inequality
10. | 2x + 1| < 9
ANSWER: {x: - 5 < x < 4} [ -9 < 2x + 1 < 9, -10 < 2x < 8, -5 < x < 4}
11. | 2x – 3 | > 7
ANSWER: {x : x > 5 or x < - 2} [ 2x – 3 > 7 or 2x – 3 < - 7, x > 5 or x < -2]
12. | 3x – 2 |< 10
ANSWER: {x : - 8/3 < x < 4} [ - 10 < 3x – 2 < 10, -8 < 3x < 12, -8/3 < x < 4]
PREAMBLE:Find the distance D from the center of a circle of radius R to a chord of length L given:
1. R = 17 cm, L = 30 cm.
ANSWER: D = 8 cm [D2 = 172 – 152 = 289 – 225 = 64, D = 8 cm]
2. R = 10 cm, L = 12 cm.
ANSWER: D = 8 cm [ D2 = 102 – 62 = 100 – 36 = 64, D = 8 cm]
3. R = 13 cm L = 24 cm.
ANSWER: D = 5 cm [D2 = 132 – 122 = 169 – 144 = 25, D = 5 cm]
PREAMBLE: Evaluate the limit.
x6 x6 1 1
4. Lim [ Lim Lim = 1/12]
x 6 x 2 36 x 6 ( x 6)( x 6) x 6 x6 66
ANSWER : 1/12
( x 2 25) ( x 2 25)
5. Lim [ Lim Lim( x 5) (5 5) 10 ]
x 5 ( x 5) x 5 ( x 5) x 5
ANSWER: 10
( x 2 3 x 2) ( x 2 3x 2)
Lim Lim Lim( x 1) 2 1 1
6. x2 x2 [ x 2 x2 x 2
]
PREAMBLE: Factorise completely.
7. 4x2 + 20x + 25
ANSWER: (2x + 5)2 [4x2 + 10x + 10x + 25 = 2x(2x + 5) + 5(2x + 5) = (2x + 5)(2x + 5)]
8. (x + 5)2 – 16
ANSWER: (x + 9)(x + 1) [ (x + 5 + 4)(x + 5 – 4) = (x + 9)(x + 1)]
2
9. x (x + 1) – 9(x + 1)
ANSWER: (x + 1)(x + 3)(x – 3) [(x + 1)(x2 – 9) = (x + 1)(x + 3)(x – 3)]
PREAMBLE: Solve the logarithmic equation.
10. logx + log(x + 2) = log8
ANSWER: x = 2 [x(x + 2) = 8, x2 + 2x – 8 = 0, (x + 4)(x – 2) = 0, x = 2]
11. logx = 1 – log(x – 3)
39-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: x = 5 [x(x – 3) = 10, x2 – 3x – 10 = 0, (x – 5)(x + 2) = 0, x = 5]
12. log(x + 36 )– logx = 1
ANSWER: x = 4 [(x + 36)/x = 10, (x + 36) = 10x, 36 = 9x, x = 4]
PREAMBLE: Determine if the triangle is RIGHT-ANGLED, EQUILATERAL, ISOSCELES or
SCALENE given that:
1. its angle measures are (x + 15), (3x – 75) and (2x – 30) degrees.
ANSWER: EQUILATERAL [x + 15 + 3x – 75 + 2x – 30 = 180, 6x = 270, x = 45, x + 15 =
60, 3x – 75 =135-75 = 60, 2x – 30 = 90 - 30 = 60, triangle is equilateral since angles
are congruent]
2. the angle measures are in the ratio 2 : 3: 5
ANSWER: RIGHT-ANGLED [2x + 3x + 5x = 180, x = 18, 5x = 18(5) = 90, hence a right
angle]
3. its angle measures are (x + 15), (3x – 35) and 4x degrees.
ANSWER: ISOSCELES [x + 15 + 3x – 35 + 4x = 180, 8x = 200, x = 25, (x + 15) = 40,
3x – 35 =75 – 35 = 40 and 4x = 4(25) = 100, hence isosceles]
PREAMBLE: Find two numbers given that:
4. their sum is twice their difference and the larger number is 6 more than twice the smaller number
ANSWER: 18 and 6 [a + b = 2(a – b), a = 2b + 6, 2b + 6 + b = 2(2b + 6 – b), b = 6 , a =
18]
5. their sum is 2 less 7 times their difference and the larger number exceeds the smaller one by six
ANSWER: 23 and 17 [a + b = 7(a – b) – 2, a = b + 6, 2b + 6 = 7(6) – 2 = 40, b = 17, a =
23]
6. their sum is 9 times their difference and twice the smaller number exceeds the larger number by
21.
ANSWER: 35 and 28 [a + b = 9(a – b), 2b – a = 21, a = 2b – 21, 3b – 21 = 9(b – 21), b = 28,
a = 35]
PREAMBLE: Find the inverse of the function:
7. y = 3x
ANSWER: y = log3x or y = logx/log3 [x = 3y, y = log3x, or y = logx/log3]
8. y = log2x
ANSWER: y = 2x [x = log2y, y = 2x]
9. y = log5(x + 1)
ANSWER: y = 5x – 1 [x = log5(y + 1), y + 1 = 5x, y = 5x – 1]
PREAMBLE: A pair of fair dice are thrown. Find the probability of obtaining a total score of:
10. 5
ANSWER: 1/9 [ A = {(1, 4), (4, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2)} P(A) = 4/36 = 1/9]
11. 11
ANSWER: 1/18 [ B = {(5, 6), (6, 5)}, P(B) = 2/36 = 1/18]
12. 8
ANSWER: 5/36 [ C = {(2, 6), (6, 2), (3, 5), (5, 3), (4, 4)}, P(C ) = 5/36]
PREAMBLE: You are given the figures KITE, RECTANGLE, RHOMBUS, TRAPEZIUM,
PARALLELOGRAM.
10. In which of the figures are the opposite sides parallel?
ANSWER: Rectangle, Rhombus, Parallelogram
11. In which of the figures are the diagonals perpendicular?
ANSWER: Kite, Rhombus
12. In which of the figures do the diagonals bisect each other ?
ANSWER: Rectangle, Rhombus, Parallelogram
40-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ROUND 2 (PROBLEM OF THE DAY)
[PRELIMS]
(1-27)
Working together Mensah and Adjei can paint a building in 20 days. Mensah on his own can
paint the building by himself in 9 days less the time Adjei will take to paint the building on his
own. Find how long it will take each of them to paint the building working alone.
SOLUTION:
TIME RATE
MENSAH T 1/T
ADJEI T+9 1/(T + 9)
MENSAH & ADJEI 20 1/20 (2 MARKS)
1/T + 1/(T + 9) = 1/20 (2 MARKS)
20(T + 9 + 9) = T(T + 9)
40T + 180 = T2 + 9T
2
T – 31T – 180 = 0 (2 MARKS)
(T – 36)(T + 5) = 0
T = 36 (2 MARKS)
Mensah will take 36 days (1 MARK)
Adjei will take 36 + 9 = 45 days (1 MARK)
PROBLEM OF THE DAY
The sum of the digits of a 2-digit decimal number is 7. When the digits are reversed the number is increased by
27. Find the number
SOLUTION:
(ab)10 = 10a + b (2 MARKS)
(ba)10 = 10b + a (2 MARKS)
10b + a = 10a + b + 27 (2 MARKS)
9b = 9a + 27 hence
b–a=3 (1 MARK)
a + b = 7, (sum of the digits is 7) (1 MARK)
2b = 10 and b = 5, hence a = 5 – 3 = 2
The 2-digit number is 25 (2 MARKS)
The cost C of printing a book is jointly proportional to the number P of pages in the book and
the number N of books printed.
i) Write an equation expressing the joint variation
41-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ii) Find the constant of proportionality if the printing cost of 5000 copies of a 400 page book is
GHc50,000.
iii) Hence find the cost of printing 15,000 copies of a 600 page book
SOLUTION:
I) C = kNP (2 MARKS)
ii) 50,000 = k(5000)(400) (2 MARKS)
k = 1/40 (2 MARKS)
iii) C = (1/40)(15000)(600)
= 9,000,000/40
= 225,000 (3 MARKS)
The cost of printing the books is GHc225,000 (1 MARK)
PROBLEM OF THE DAY
Construct a modulo 4 multiplication table and use it to answer the following questions:
a) Is the system closed under multiplication modulo 4?
b) Is there an identity in the system? If yes find it.
c) Does every element have an inverse? List elements and their
multiplicative inverses.
d) Does the commutative property hold?
SOLUTION:
x 0 1 2 3
0 0 0 0 0
1 0 1 2 3
2 0 2 0 2 (3 Marks) for table
3 0 3 2 1
a) The system is closed under multiplication (1 Mark)
b) There is an identity and it is 1 (1 + 1 = 2 Marks)
c) No! Some elements have no inverses (1 Mark)
Elements with inverses and their inverses are
1 → 1, and 3 → 3 (2 Marks)
d) The commutative property holds (1 Mark)
The events A and B are independent with P(A) = P(B).
4
Given further that P ( A B ) , find
9
i) P(A)
ii) P(AUB)
42-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
SOLUTION
i) Let P(A) = P(B) = x
A and B are independent hence P( A B) P( A).P( B) xx x
2
(2 MARKS)
x2 = 4/9 and x = 2/3 (2 MARKS)
hence P(A) = 2/3 (1MARK)
ii ) P ( A B ) P ( A) P ( B ) P ( A B ) (2 MARKS)
Hence P(AUB) = 2/3 + 2/3 – 4/9= 4/3 – 4/9 = (12 – 4)/9 = 8/9 (3 MARKS)
Find x and y from the diagram
A
3x
30cm y
B C
ABC is a right –angle triangle with a right angle at B, and M is the midpoint of the hypothenuse
AC.
SOLUTION
y = 3x [M is the mid-point of BC]
BM = MC [the median BM is half the hypothenuse AC]
y = 30 cm
3x = 30 and x = 10cm
a) Simplify the trigonometric expression (sinA + cosA)2
b) If x = 2cosA, express √(64 – 16x2) as a trigonometric expression and simplify your
answer.
SOLUTION
a)
(sinA + cosA)2 = sin2A + cos2A + 2sinAcosA (2 MARKS)
= 1 + 2sinAcosA (1 MARK)
= 1 + sin2A (1 MARK)
b) √(64 – 16x2) = √(64 – 16(4)cos2A)
= √(64 – 64cos2A) (2 MARKS)
= √(64(1 – cos2A)) (1 MARK)
= √(64sin2A) (2 MARKS)
= 8sinA (1 MARK)
43-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
[MAIN CONTEST]
(28-67)
A manufacturer finds that the revenue generated by selling x units of a product is given by
R(x) = 800x – 4x2 (in Ghana cedis)
Find the maximum revenue and the number of units to be produced to obtain this revenue.
SOLUTION
R(x) = 800x – 4x2 = -4(x2 – 200x)
= -4[(x – 100)2 – 10,000] completing the square (4 MARKS)
= 40,000 – 4(x – 100)2 (2 MARKS)
The maximum revenue is GHc 40,000 (2 MARKS)
The number of units of product is 100 (2 MARKS)
ALTERNATE SOLUTION:
R(x) = 800x – 4x2
dR/dx = 800 – 8x = 0 (2MARKS)
x = 100 (1 MARK)
d2R/dx2 = - 0.8 < 0, hence maximum (2 MARKS)
Maximum revenue is R (100) = 800(100) – 4(10000)
= 80,000 – 40, 000
= GHc 40, 000 (3 MARKS)
The number of units of product = 100 (2 MARKS)
Find two positive numbers whose sum is 100 and the sum of whose squares is a minimum.
SOLUTION
Let the numbers be x and y
x + y = 100 (1 MARK)
S = x2 + y2 is a minimum (1 MARK)
= x2 + (x – 100)2 (1 MARK)
dS/dx = 2x + 2(x – 100) = 0 (since S is a minimum) (2 MARKS)
= 4x –200 = 0, hence x = 50 (1 MARK)
2 2
d S/dx = 4 > 0 so a minimum (2 MARKS)
Thus the numbers are x = 50 and y = 50 (2 MARK)
ALTERNATE SOLUTION (Using the method of completing the square)
x + y = 100 (1 MARK)
S = x2 + y2 = x2 + (x – 100)2 (2 MARKS)
= x2 + x2 – 200x + 10000
= 2x2 – 200x + 10000
= 2(x2 – 100x) + 10,000 (2 MARKS)
2
= 2[ (x – 50) – 2500] + 10,000
= 2(x – 50)2 + 5000 (completing the square) (3 MARKS)
S has a minimum when (x – 50) = 0, ie when x = 50, and y = 50 (2 MARKS)
A chemist needs 10 litres of a 40% hydrochloric acid solution. He has large quantities of 25%
and 50% hydrochloric acid solutions. How many of the 25% acid solution and of the 50% acid
solution should he mix to get the 10 litres of 40 % acid solution?
SOLUTION
x liters of the 25% acid solution, and y liters of the 50% acid solution
44-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
x + y = 10 (volume of required 40 % acid solution) (2 MARKS)
0.25x + 0.50y = (0.4) 10 (volume of pure acid in the 10 litre acid solution) (2 MARKS)
25x + 50y = 400 (multiply by 100 to remove decimals)
x + 2y = 16 (divide by 25 to simplify above equation) (2 MARKS)
x + y = 10 (first equation)
y=6 (subtract the above equations) (2 MARKS)
x + 6 = 10, hence x = 4 (2 MARKS)
The chemist must mix 4 liters of the 25 % acid solution with 6 liters of the 50 % acid solution to
obtain 10 liters of the 40 % acid solution.
̂ where
The position of a particle of mass 𝟎. 𝟐 𝐤𝐠 at time 𝒕 is given by 𝒓 = 𝒂𝒕𝒊̂ + 𝒃𝒕𝒋̂ + 𝒄𝒕𝟐 𝒌
𝒂 = 𝟑 𝐦/𝐬, 𝒃 = 𝟕 𝐦/𝐬, and 𝒄 = 𝟐 𝐦/𝐬 𝟐 .
a. Find the displacement of the particle at 𝒕 = 𝟐 𝐬.
b. Find the speed of the particle at 𝒕 = 𝟐 𝐬.
c. Find the magnitude and direction of the force acting on the particle.
SOLUTION
a. Displacement is just change in position: 𝒓(𝑡 = 2 s) − 𝒓(𝑡 = 0) = [3 × 2𝑖̂ + 7 × 2𝑗̂ +
2(2)2 𝑘̂]m − 0 = (6𝑖̂ + 14𝑗̂ + 8𝑘̂ )m.
b. The velocity 𝑣 = 𝑑𝑟/𝑑𝑡 = 𝑎𝑖̂ + 𝑏𝑗̂ + 2𝑐𝑡𝑘̂ so at = 2 s𝑣 = (3𝑖̂ + 7𝑗̂ + 8𝑘̂ )m/s. The speed is
the magnitude of the velocity: 𝑣 = √32 + 72 + 82 m/s = √122m/s ≅ 11 m/s
c. 𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎 = 𝑚𝑑𝑣/𝑑𝑡 = 0.2 kg × 2𝑐𝑘̂ = 0.8 N 𝑘̂.So the magnitude of the force is 0.8 N and its
direction is that of 𝑘̂ or the positive z direction.
A poster has a rectangular printed area of dimension 100cm by 140 cm and a blank strip of
uniform width around the four edges. The perimeter of the poster is one and a half times the
perimeter of the printed area, Find
i) the width of the blank strip and
ii) the dimensions of the poster.
SOLUTION
100 + 2x
x 100 x
x x
140 140 + 2x
45-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
x x
x x (2 MARKS)
Let x cm be the width of the blank strip
Perimeter of the poster is 2(140 + 2x) +2(100 + 2x) = 480 + 8x (1 MARK)
Perimeter of the printed area = 2(100 + 140) = 480 (1 MARK)
480 + 8x = (3/2)(480 ) = 720 (2 MARKS)
8x = 240, x = 30 (1 MARK)
Width of blank strip is 30 cm (1 MARK)
Dimensions of the poster is 160 cm by 200 cm (2 MARKS)
Find x and y from the given diagrams
a) A B b) P Q
105° 9x - 10° 2x + 10° 4x - 30°
3y
2x + 25o y
D C S R
ABCD is a trapezium PQRS is an isosceles trapezium
SOLUTION:
a) 105° + 3y = 180°, (supplementary angles)
3y = 75°, y = 25° (2 Marks)
9x – 10 + 2x + 25 = 180, (supplementary angles)
11x + 15 = 180, 11x = 165, x = 15° (3 Marks)
b) 2x + 10 = 4x – 30 (base angles of an isosceles trapezium are congruent)
40° = 2x, and x = 20° (2 Marks)
(2x + 10) + y = 180 (interior opposite angles between parallel lines are supplementary)
y = 180 – (2x + 10) = 180 – (2(20) + 10) = 180 – 50 = 130°
y = 130° (3 Marks )
A rectangular field measures 30 meters by 20 meters. A flower garden is to be constructed in the
middle of the field leaving a strip of grass of uniform width around the sides of the flower garden. The
strip has area 336 m2. Find the dimensions of the flower garden.
46-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
SOLUTION
30 m
x x
x 30 - 2x x
20 m 20 – x (2 Marks for diagram)
x
x
Let strip have width x m around the flower garden
Area of rectangular field = 30(20) = 600 m2
Area of flower garden = (30 - 2x)(20 – 2x) m2
Area of strip = 600 – (30 – 2x )(20 – 2x) = 336 (2 MARKS)
600 – (600 – 100x + 4x2) = 336
100x – 4x2 = 336
4x2 – 100x + 336 = 0 (1 MARK)
x2 - 25x + 84 = 0 (1 MARK)
(x – 4)(x – 21) = 0
x=4 (2 MARKS)
(x = 21 is not acceptable since it exceeds the width of the field)
Length of the flower garden is 30 – 2x = 30 – 8 = 22 m (1 Mark)
Width of flower garden is 20 – 2x = 20 – 8 = 12 m (1 Mark)
A rectangular field measures 30 meters by 20 meters. A flower garden is to be constructed in the
middle of the field leaving a strip of grass of uniform width around the sides of the flower garden. The
strip has area 336 m2. Find the dimensions of the flower garden.
SOLUTION
30 m
x x
x 30 - 2x x
20 m 20 – x (2 Marks for diagram)
x
x
47-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
Let strip have width x m around the flower garden
Area of rectangular field = 30(20) = 600 m2
Area of flower garden = (30 - 2x)(20 – 2x) m2
Area of strip = 600 – (30 – 2x )(20 – 2x) = 336 (2 MARKS)
600 – (600 – 100x + 4x2) = 336
100x – 4x2 = 336
4x2 – 100x + 336 = 0 (1 MARK)
x2 - 25x + 84 = 0 (1 MARK)
(x – 4)(x – 21) = 0
x=4 (2 MARKS)
(x = 21 is not acceptable since it exceeds the width of the field)
Length of the flower garden is 30 – 2x = 30 – 8 = 22 m (1 Mark)
Width of flower garden is 20 – 2x = 20 – 8 = 12 m (1 Mark)
A driver sets out on a journey to a town 60 km away and returns to base. For the first part of
the journey, he drove at 90 km/hr to the town and for the return journey, he drove at 60
km/hr. Find the average speed for the whole journey.
SOLUTION
Let time taken for the first half of the trip be T1
T1 = 60/90 = 2/3 hr (2 MARKS)
Let time taken for the return journey be T2
T2 = 60/60 = 1 hr (2 MARKS)
Total time for the whole journey T = T1 + T2 = 2/3 + 1 = 5/3 hr (1 MARK)
Total distance covered D = 60 + 60 = 120 km (1 MARK)
Average speed = total distance / total time (2 MARKS)
= 120/(5/3) = 24 x 3= 72 km/hr (2 MARKS)
Find
a) the second quartile Q2,
b) the first quartile Q1 and
c) the third quartile Q3 for the given data.
17 21 27 27 28 23 80 17 24 27 28 28 38 31 20 25 27 28 31 24
SOLUTION:
Arrange the data in an increasing sequence
17 17 20 21 23 24 24 25 27 27 27 27 28 28 28 28 31 31 38 80
(2 MARKS)
The median Q2 = (27 + 27)/2 = 27 This is the second quartile (2 MARKS)
The first quartile is the median of all the data below Q2 = 27
17 17 20 21 23 24 24 25 (1MARK)
48-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
Q1 = (21 + 23)/2 = 22 (2 MARKS)
The third quartile Q3 is the median of all data greater than Q2 = 27
18 28 28 28 31 31 38 80 (1 MARK)
Q3 = (28 + 31)/2 = 59/2 = 29.5 ( 2 MARKS)
The quartiles are Q1 = 22, Q2 = 27, and Q3 = 29.5
A curve is defined implicitly by the equation
x2 - 3xy + y2 = 5
i) Differentiate and find an expression for dy/dx
ii) Evaluate dy/dx at the point (-1, 1) on the curve
iii) Find the equations of the tangent and the normal to the curve at the point (-1, 1).
SOLUTION
i) x2 – 3xy + y2 = 5
2x -3(y + xdy/dx) + 2ydy/dx = 0 (2 MARKS)
(2y – 3x)dy/dx = (3y – 2x) (1 MARK)
dy/dx = (3y – 2x)/(2y – 3x) (1 MARK)
ii) At (-1, 1) dy/dx = [3(1) – 2(-1)]/[2(1) – 3(-1)]
= (3 + 2)/(2 + 3) = 5/5 = 1 (2 MARKS)
iii) Equation of tangent at(-1, 1)
(y – 1) = 1(x + 1)
y=x+2 (2 MARKS)
Equation of normal at (-1, 1)
(y – 1) = -1(x + 1)
y = -x (2 MARKS)
ROUND 3 (TRUE OR FALSE)
[PRELIMS]
(1-27)
1. The function y = 1/x has at least one zero.
ANSWER: FALSE
2. Every polynomial has at least one zero.
ANSWER: FALSE
3. x = 1 is a zero of x3 – 1
ANSWER: TRUE
4. The slope of the line through the points (2, 2) and (3, 3) is 3/2.
ANSWER: False
5. The slope of the line through the points (-3,1) and (-3, 5) is 0 (zero).
ANSWER: False
6. The graph of x = 3 in the coordinate plane is the single point (3, 0)
ANSWER: False
1. The rational number -5/2 is greater than the rational number -9/4.
ANSWER: False
49-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
2. The absolute value of -4 is greater than 3.
ANSWER: True
3. The absolute value of -3 is greater than the absolute value of -4.
ANSWER: False
4. The vertex of angle ABC is the point A.
ANSWER: False
5. A scalene triangle has no two sides congruent.
ANSWER: True
6. A rhombus is a parallelogram with all angles equal in measure.
ANSWER: False
7. The function y = 2x is an exponential function.
ANSWER: TRUE
8. The function y = 2x has an inverse
ANSWER: TRUE
9. If f(x) = ax, then f(0) = 1
ANSWER: TRUE
10. Every triangle has at least two acute angles.
ANSWER: TRUE
11. In an obtuse triangle there are exactly two acute angles.
ANSWER: TRUE
12. An acute triangle has exactly two acute angles.
ANSWER: FALSE
1. All whole numbers are positive.
ANSWER: False [0 is a whole number but it is not positive]
2. Zero is not a rational number.
ANSWER: False
3. Some whole numbers are not integers.
ANSWER: False
4. An acute angle has angular measure less than 90 degrees.
ANSWER: True
5. If the sum of the measures of two angles is 180 degrees, the angles are complementary.
ANSWER: False
6. A square is a rectangle with all the sides congruent.
ANSWER: True
1. The vertex of an isosceles triangle is the point of intersection of the congruent sides.
ANSWER: True
2. A trapezium is a quadrilateral having exactly one pair of parallel sides.
ANSWER: True
3. If two lines in a plane are perpendicular to a line in the plane, the two lines are parallel.
ANSWER: True
4. (a ÷ b) ÷ c = a ÷ (b ÷ c)
ANSWER: False
5. The operation a b a b 3 is commutative
ANSWER: True
6. The operation of subtraction on the set of real numbers is not commutative.
ANSWER: True
1. A diagonal is a line segment joining any two vertices of the polygon.
ANSWER: False (the vertices should not be adjacent)
2. A square is a rhombus with all angles equal in measure.
50-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: True
3. A rhombus is a parallelogram with all angles equal in measure.
ANSWER: False
4. If a and b are negative numbers, then a – b is a negative number
ANSWER: False
5. The difference between 0 and a negative number is a positive number.
ANSWER: True
6. The difference between 7 and (-2) is 5.
ANSWER: False
1. It is not possible for a trapezium to have three congruent sides.
ANSWER: False
2. If two lines do not intersect, then they are parallel.
ANSWER: False (unless lines are in the same plane)
3. If a point is equidistant from the endpoints of a line segment, then it is the midpoint of the
segment.
ANSWER: False
4. 3 + 5 × 6 = 3(5 + 6)
ANSWER: True [Both sides equal to 33]
5. a + bc = a(b + c)
ANSWER: False
6. a – b = a + (-b)
ANSWER: True
1 It is not possible for a trapezium to have three congruent sides
ANSWER: FALSE
2 If two lines do not intersect, then they are parallel
ANSWER: FALSE (unless lines are in the same plane)
3 If a point is equidistant from the endpoints of a line segment, then it is the midpoint of the
segment.
ANSWER: FALSE
1. The in-center of a triangle is the point of intersection of the three perpendicular bisectors of the
sides.
ANSWER: False
2. The centroid of a triangle is the point of intersection of the three medians.
ANSWER: True
3. The ortho-center of a triangle is the point of intersection of the three altitudes.
ANSWER: True
2
4. log(xy) = 2logx + logy
ANSWER: FALSE
2 -2
5. log(x y ) = 2logx – 2logy
ANSWER: TRUE
6. log(x2/y3) = 2logx – 3logy
ANSWER: TRUE
1. If ax + b = 0, then x = b/a
ANSWER: False
2. If A = ½ (bh), then b = 2A/h
ANSWER: True
51-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
3. If a(x – 2) = b, then x = (b + 2a)/a
ANSWER: True
4. If two angles are vertical angles, they are congruent.
ANSWER: True
5. IF two angles are a linear pair of angles, they are congruent.
ANSWER: False
6. If two lines are cut by a transversal to form pairs of congruent corresponding angles, then the lines
are parallel.
ANSWER: True
1. If two angles are both congruent and form a linear pair, then they are right angles.
ANSWER: TRUE
2. If one pair of consecutive angles of a quadrilateral are supplementary, then the quadrilateral is a
parallelogram.
ANSWER: FALSE
3. A protractor is an instrument for finding the degree measure of an angle.
ANSWER: TRUE
PREAMBLE: In the following a and b are real numbers
4. The sum of a and b is equal to the sum of b and a.
ANSWER: True
5. The quotient of a and b is the same as the quotient of b and a.
ANSWER: False
6. The difference between a and b is equal to the difference between b and a.
ANSWER: False
1. A quadrilateral is an equilateral triangle.
ANSWER: False
2. The base angles of an isosceles triangle are both acute angles.
ANSWER: True
3. If a triangle has two angles congruent, then the third angle is acute.
ANSWER: False
4. The statement x – 5 > 0 is equivalent to x < 5.
ANSWER: False
23. The inequality –x < 7 is equivalent to x > -7.
ANSWER: True
24. The statement ‘x is at least 7’ is equivalent to x > 7.
ANSWER: False [x ≥ 7]
13. The inequality 3x < x has no solution for natural numbers.
ANSWER: True
14. The inequality 3x < x has no solution for integers.
ANSWER: False
15. The inequality 3x ≤ x has no solution for whole numbers.
ANSWER
False
16. The sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle exceeds the third side.
ANSWER: True
17. An equilateral triangle is never equiangular
ANSWER: False
18. The sum of the measures of the angles of an obtuse triangle exceeds the sum of the measures of
the angles of an acute triangle.
ANSWER: False
52-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
1. The in-center of a triangle is the point of intersection of the three medians.
ANSWER: False
2. The centroid of a triangle is the point of intersection of the angle bisectors.
ANSWER: False
3. The in-center and orthocenter of a triangle are always distinct points.
ANSWER: False (example for an equilateral triangle)
4. Two complementary angles cannot be equal in measure.
ANSWER: False [45° and 45°]
5. Two supplementary angles cannot be equal in measure.
ANSWER: False
[two right angles are equal in measure and are also supplementary]
6. If an angle is obtuse, its supplement cannot be obtuse.
ANSWER: True
1. If a quadrilateral has a pair of congruent sides then it has a pair of congruent angles.
ANSWER: False
2. The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular bisectors of each other.
ANSWER: True
3. For any polygon the sum of the exterior angles is less than the sum of the interior angles.
ANSWER: False (examples are a triangle and a quadrilateral)
4. In the polynomial 5x2 – 5x + 7, the coefficient of x is 5.
ANSWER: False
5. The degree of a quadratic polynomial is 2.
ANSWER: True
2
6. The expression 3x – 5 is a binomial.
ANSWER: True
1. The sum of any two angles of a triangle exceeds the supplement of the third angle.
ANSWER: False (equal)
2. If a quadrilateral is equiangular, then it is equilateral.
ANSWER: False
3. The diagonals of a rhombus bisect the angles of the rhombus.
ANSWER: True
2
4. 1 (3x + 1)(3x – 1) = 9x - 1
ANSWER: True
5. 2 (2x + 1)(2x + 1) = 4x2 + 4x + 1
ANSWER: True
2
6. 3 (2x + 1) (x – 1)= 2x - 1
ANSWER: False
1. The sum of the interior angles of a pentagon is 540 degrees.
ANSWER: True
2. The sum of the interior angles of a decagon is 1400 degrees.
ANSWER: False
3. The sum of the exterior angles of a triangle is 180 degrees.
ANSWER: False
-2 -3
4. 1 4 < 4 [1/16 > 1/64 ]
ANSWER: False
-2 -5
5. 2 5 > 2
ANSWER: True [1/25 > 1/32]
6. 3 (-2)4> 2-4
ANSWER: True [16 > 1/16]
1. An equilateral rectangle is a square.
ANSWER: True
53-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
2. An equiangular rhombus is a square.
ANSWER: True
3. An equiangular quadrilateral is regular.
ANSWER: False
4. If ab = 0, then a = 0
ANSWER: False
5. 2 If x(x + π) = 0, then x = 0 or x = - π
ANSWER: True
6. 3 If x2 + 25 = 0, then x = ± 5
ANSWER: False
1. A radius of a circle is a chord passing through the center of the circle.
ANSWER: False
2. A diameter is a line segment connecting any two points of the circle.
ANSWER: False
3. A circle is the set of all points in space equidistant from a given fixed point.
ANSWER: False
4. If y varies directly asx, then x varies inversely as y.
ANSWER: False
5. If y varies inversely as x, then xy is a constant.
ANSWER: True
6. If y varies inversely as x, then x varies inversely as y.
ANSWER: True
7. The area A of a circle is given by A = ½Cr where r is the radius and C is the circumference of the
circle.
ANSWER: True
8. The area of a triangle is given by A = 2bh where b is the base length and h the height of the
triangle.
ANSWER: False
9. A median of a triangle divides the triangle into two triangles of equal areas.
ANSWER: True
10. The equation √x = -5 has no solution.
ANSWER: True
11. The equation x2 = 4 has the same solution as x = 2
ANSWER: False
12. If √(x + 4) = 2, then x = 0
ANSWER: True
1. The hypothenuse is the side opposite the right angle in a right angle triangle.
ANSWER: True
2. In a right angle triangle, the hypothenuse is the longest side.
ANSWER: True
3. In a right angle triangle if a and b are the lengths of the legs and c is the length of the hypothenuse,
then (a + b)2 = c2
ANSWER: False
PREAMBLE: For any acute angle A,
4. sin(90° - A) = sinA
ANSWER: False
5. cos(90 – A) = sinA
ANSWER: True
6. 3 cot(90 – A) = tanA
ANSWER: True
7. The midpoint of the hypothenuse of a right angle triangle is equidistant from all three vertices.
54-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: True
8. If you multiply the lengths of all three sides of a triangle by the same number, the resulting triangle
will be a larger right angle triangle.
ANSWER: False
9. If you add the same length to each side of a right angle triangle, the resulting triangle will be a right
angle triangle.
ANSWER: False
10. The domain of the function y = √x is the set of all real numbers.
ANSWER: False
11. The domain of the rational function y = 2/(x2 + 1) is the set of all real numbers.
ANSWER: True
12. The domain of a polynomial function is the set of all real numbers.
ANSWER: True
13. A cone has a circular base and a vertex not in the plane of the base.
ANSWER: True
14. The surface area of a sphere of radius r is given by S = 4πr2/3
ANSWER: False
15. The volume of a pyramid or a cone of base area A and height h is given by V = Ah/3
ANSWER: True
16. If a function has an inverse then it is one-to-one.
ANSWER: True
17. If a function is one-to-one, then it has an inverse.
ANSWER: False
18. A function has an inverse if it is one-to-one and onto.
ANSWER: True
1. If two angles of a triangle are congruent to two angles of another triangle, the two triangles
are similar.
ANSWER: True
2. If two sides of a triangle are proportional to two sides of another triangle, then the two
triangles are similar.
ANSWER: False
3. If two triangles are similar, then their corresponding medians are proportional.
ANSWER: True
4. The expression x2 + 5x + 25 is an exact square.
ANSWER: FALSE
5. For the equation x2 – 10x + 25 = 0, the discriminant is zero (0).
ANSWER: True
6. Every quadratic equation can be solved by factorization.
ANSWER: False
1. If a line cuts two sides of a triangle proportionately, then it is parallel to the third side.
ANSWER: True
2. If two similar solids have corresponding dimensions in the ratio m/n, then their volumes are
in the ratio m/n.
ANSWER: False
3. If a line parallel to one side of a triangle passes through the other two sides, then it divides
them proportionately.
ANSWER: True
4. The function y = x3 – 3x is an odd function.
ANSWER: True
5. The function y = 5x2 – 6 is an even function.
ANSWER: True
55-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
6. The function y = sinx is an even function.
ANSWER: False
1. cos60°cos30° – sin60°sin30° = 0.
ANSWER: True
2. sin60°cos30° + cos60°sin30° = 1.
ANSWER: True
3. cos68°cos23° + sin68°sin23° = √2/2
ANSWER: True
4. Any two quadrilaterals are similar.
ANSWER: False
5. Any two equiangular pentagons are similar.
ANSWER: True
6. Any two regular octagons are similar
ANSWER: True
1. tanAcosA = sinA
ANSWER: True
2. secAcosA = tanA
ANSWER: False
3. sinAcotA = cosA
ANSWER: True
4. The function f(x) = (x2 + 2) is an even function.
ANSWER: True
5. The function f(x) = (2x + 3) is an odd function
ANSWER: FALSE
6. The function f(x) = 2sinx is an even function.
ANSWER: False
1. If the side of a square is (a + 3), then its area is (a2 + 9).
ANSWER: False
2 -2
2. The expression x + x is a polynomial.
ANSWER: False
3. (50 + 1)(50 – 1) = 2499
ANSWER: True
4. Under a rotation, the figure and its image are congruent.
ANSWER: True
5. Under a reflection, the figure and its image are congruent.
ANSWER: True
6. Under a translation, the figure and its image are congruent.
ANSWER: True
[MAIN CONTEST]
(28-67)
1. tan2A = sec2A + 1.
ANSWER: False
2 2
2. cot A = cosec A – 1.
ANSWER: True
3. cos2A – sin2A = 1.
ANSWER: False
4. The line y = x intersects the circle x2 + y2 = 1 in 2 points.
ANSWER: True
5. A line and a circle intersect at 2 points or not at all.
56-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: False
6. Two distinct circles can intersect in only one point.
ANSWER: True
1. If (x + a) is a factor of the polynomial f(x), then f(a) = 0.
ANSWER: False
2. If x = 2 is a root of the equation x2 – a2 = 0, then a = 2.
ANSWER: False
3. If (2x – 1) is a factor of the polynomial f(x), then f(1/2) = 0.
ANSWER: True
4. cos2A = sin2A – cos2A.
ANSWER: False
5. cos2A = 2cos2A – 1.
ANSWER: True
6. cos2A = 1 – 2sin2A.
ANSWER: True
1. Two figures with the same shape are congruent.
ANSWER: False
2. Two figures with the same size are similar.
ANSWER: False
3. Two figures with the same shape but different sizes are similar.
ANSWER: True
4. The number 567 is divisible by 9.
ANSWER: True
5. The number 2314 is divisible by 4.
ANSWER: False
6. The number 1110 is divisible by 6.
ANSWER: True
1. Under a reflection in the x-axis, the point (x, y) →(x, -y).
ANSWER: True
2. Under a reflection in the y-axis, the point (x, y) →(-x, y).
ANSWER: True
3. Under a reflection in the origin the point (x, y) →(-y, -x).
ANSWER: FALSE
4. Time is a discrete variable.
ANSWER: False
5. The number of students in a school is a discrete variable.
ANSWER: True
6. The height of a student is a continuous variable.
ANSWER: True
1. If a polygon is equilateral, then it is equiangular.
ANSWER: False
2. If a polygon is equiangular then it is equilateral.
ANSWER: False
3. If a triangle is equilateral, then it is equiangular.
ANSWER: True
4. If the discriminant is positive, the roots of a quadratic equation are positive.
ANSWER: False
5. If the discriminant is negative, the roots of a quadratic equation are negative.
ANSWER: False
6. If the discriminant is zero, the roots of a quadratic equation are equal.
ANSWER: True
57-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
1. If y = f(x) is an even function, then f (2) = f(-2).
ANSWER: True
2. If y = f(x) is an even function, then f(0) = 0.
ANSWER: False
3. If y = f(x) is an odd function, then f (0) = 0.
ANSWER: True
4. The number 711 is a prime number.
ANSWER: False [divisible by 9]
5. The number 6111 is a prime number.
ANSWER: False
6. The number 101 is a prime number.
ANSWER: True
1. 1 If the sum of the roots of a quadratic equation is positive, then the roots are positive.
ANSWER: False
2. If the sum of the roots of a quadratic equation is negative, then both roots are negative.
ANSWER: False
3. If the product of the roots of a quadratic equation is negative, then the roots are of different signs.
ANSWER: True
4. 1 (x + 1) is a factor of (x2 + 1).
ANSWER: False
5. 2 (x + 1) is a factor of (x3 + 2x2 – 1).
ANSWER: True
6. 3 (x + 1) is a factor of (x3 + 1).
ANSWER: True
1. Any two right angles have the same measure.
ANSWER: True
2. Any two acute angles have the same measure.
ANSWER: False
3. Vertically opposite angles have the same measure
ANSWER: True
4. A polygon has one interior angle at each vertex.
ANSWER: True
5. A polygon has two exterior angles at each vertex.
ANSWER: True
6. The exterior angles at the vertex of a polygon are congruent.
ANSWER: True
1. If two quadrilaterals are similar, corresponding angles are congruent.
ANSWER: True
2. Any two cones are similar.
ANSWER: False
3. Any two spheres are similar.
ANSWER: True
4. An even number and an odd number have no common factor.
ANSWER: False [1 is a common factor]
5. Two even numbers have at least two common factors.
ANSWER: True [1 and 2 are common factors]
6. Two odd numbers have at least two common factors.
ANSWER: False
1. A reflex angle is an angle with measure less than 360 degrees.
ANSWER: False
2. When the measure of an angle is 180 degrees, it is a supplementary angle.
58-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: False
3. A straight angle is a half turn.
ANSWER: True
4. Corresponding angles are congruent
ANSWER: False [unless between parallel lines]
5. Interior opposite angles between parallel lines are supplementary.
ANSWER: True
6. Alternate angles between parallel lines are complementary.
ANSWER: False
1. All mappings are one-to-one relations.
ANSWER: False
2. A one-to-one relation is also onto.
ANSWER: False
3. Every relation is a mapping.
ANSWER: False
4. If set A maps onto set B, every element of B is the image of some element in A.
ANSWER: True
5. If set A maps into set B, some elements of B are not images of elements in A.
ANSWER: True
6. If a relation is many-to-many, then it is a mapping.
ANSWER: False
1. The only common divisor of an even number and an odd number is 1.
ANSWER: False [consider 6 and 3]
2. If a number is divisible by 4 and 5, it is divisible by 20.
ANSWER: True
3. If a number is divisible by 4 and 6, it is divisible by 24.
ANSWER: False [12 is divisible by 4 and 6 but not by 24]
4. If an angle is obtuse, its supplement is acute.
ANSWER: True
5. If an angle is acute, its complement is also acute.
ANSWER: True
6. Vertically opposite angles are congruent because they have the same supplementary angles.
ANSWER: True
1. If a number is expressed in standard form as (a x 10n), n is an integer.
ANSWER: True
2. If a number is expressed in standard form as (a x 10n), a is a whole number.
ANSWER: False
3. If a number less than 1 is expressed in standard form as (a x 10n), n is a negative integer.
ANSWER: True
4. The reciprocal of a mega is a micro.
ANSWER: True
5. The reciprocal of a pico is a tetra.
ANSWER: True
6. The reciprocal of a micro is a nano.
ANSWER: False
1. If the side of a cube is increased three times, the volume is increased six times.
ANSWER: False
2. If the side of an equilateral triangle is doubled, the area is quadrupled.
ANSWER: True
3. If the surface area of a sphere is increased four times, the radius is doubled.
59-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: True
4. Cos (180 – A) = cosA
ANSWER: False
5. Sin (180 – A) = sin A
ANSWER: True
6. Tan (180 – A) = tanA
1. In a kite, the diagonals intersect perpendicularly.
ANSWER: True
2. In a parallelogram the diagonals are perpendicular.
ANSWER: False
3. In an isosceles trapezium, the diagonals are perpendicular.
ANSWER: False
4. If y varies directly as x2, y is proportional to x
ANSWER: False [ y is proportional to x2 ]
5. If y is inversely proportional to x, then xy is a constant.
ANSWER: True
6. If y varies directly as x, then y/x is a constant.
ANSWER: True
1. The absolute value of a number may be positive or negative.
ANSWER: False
2. The absolute value of a number is always positive.
ANSWER: False [ | 0 | = 0 which is not positive]
3. For a negative number, its absolute value is its additive inverse.
ANSWER: True
4. For a constant function, the derivative is zero.
ANSWER: True
5. If at a point on a curve the derivative vanishes, then the point is a maximum point.
ANSWER: False
6. A point on a curve at which the derivative is zero is a stationary point.
ANSWER: True
1. A quadratic equation with real coefficients has real roots.
ANSWER: False
2. A quadratic equation can have exactly one root.
ANSWER: True
3. A quadratic equation can have more than two roots.
ANSWER: False
4. A rectangle is equiangular but not equilateral.
ANSWER: True
5. A rhombus is equilateral and equiangular.
ANSWER: False
6. In an isosceles trapezium, there are two pairs of congruent angles.
ANSWER: True
1. 2√2 < 3
ANSWER: True
2. 4√5 > 10
ANSWER: False
3. 3√7 < 8
ANSWER: True
4. If the degree measure of an angle exceeds 90 degrees, the angle is an obtuse angle.
ANSWER: False
60-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
5. If the degree measure of an angle exceeds 180 degrees, the angle is a reflex angle.
ANSWER: True
6. If the degree measure of an angle is less than 90 degrees, the angle is an acute angle.
ANSWER: True
1. 1234 = 10003
ANSWER: True
2. 101002 > 2113
ANSWER: False
3. 637 > 11113
ANSWER: True
4. The linear function y = ax + b has an inverse.
ANSWER: True
5. The quadratic function y = ax2 + bx + c has an inverse.
ANSWER: False
6. The sine function y = 3sinx has an inverse.
ANSWER: False
1. The sequence defined by the recurrence relation Un + 1 = Un + d is a linear sequence.
ANSWER: True
2. The sequence defined by the recurrence relation Un + 1= 2Un is an exponential sequence.
ANSWER: True
3. The sequence defined by the recurrence relation Un+1=3Un + 5 is a geometric sequence.
ANSWER: False
4. 0 is a natural number
ANSWER: False
5. (22/7) is an irrational number
ANSWER: False
6. √(12) is a rational number
ANSWER: False
1. Log(10 ) + Log(10 ) = log(108)
3 5
ANSWER: True
2. Log10010 = 2
ANSWER: False
Logx
3. 10 =x
ANSWER: True
4. sin135° = 1/√2
ANSWER: True
5. cos120° = ½
ANSWER: False
6. tan60° = 1/√3
ANSWER: False
7. Log(10 ) + Log(10 ) = log(108)
3 5
ANSWER: True
8. Log10010 = 2
ANSWER: False
9. 10Logx = x
ANSWER: True
10. sin135° = 1/√2
ANSWER: True
11. cos120° = ½
ANSWER: False
12. tan60° = 1/√3
61-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: False
1. log(x – y) = logx – logy
ANSWER: False
2. logx – logy = log(x/y)
ANSWER: True
3. logx + log3 = log(3x)
ANSWER: True
4. The domain of a quadratic function is the set R of real numbers.
ANSWER: True
5. The range of a quadratic function is the set R of real numbers.
ANSWER: False
6. The graph of a quadratic function has exactly one y-intercept.
ANSWER: True
1. The point (2, -3) is in the second quadrant.
ANSWER: False
2. The point (4, 0) is in the first quadrant.
ANSWER: False
3. The distance between the points (a, b) and (c, d) is (a b)2 (c d )2
ANSWER: False
4. The graph of an even function is symmetric about the y-axis.
ANSWER: True
5. The graph of an odd function is symmetric about the origin.
ANSWER: True
6. The function y = -f(x) is a reflection of the function y = f(x) about the y-axis.
ANSWER: False
1. Between any two integers, there is an integer.
ANSWER: False
2. Between any two rational numbers, there is a rational number.
ANSWER: True
3. Between any two irrational numbers, there is an irrational number.
ANSWER: True
4. If the sum of the angles of a triangle is less than 180°, then the sum of its exterior angles exceeds
360°.
ANSWER: True
5. If the sum of the interior angles of a quadrilateral is 360°, then the sum of its exterior angles can
be less than 360°.
ANSWER: False
6. If the sum of the angles at a point exceeds 360°, then a straight angle has measure less than 180°.
ANSWER: True
1. The statement ‘x is at most 5’ is equivalent to x < 5
ANSWER: False [ x ≤ 5]
2. The number - 4, is a solution to the inequality -3 < x.
ANSWER: False
3. The inequality –x/3 > -7 is equivalent to ‘x < 21’.
ANSWER: True
4. 1The degree of a polynomial is a non-negative integer.
ANSWER: True
5. The degree of the product of two polynomials is the product of their respective degrees.
ANSWER: False
6. The degree of the sum of two polynomials is the larger of the degrees of the polynomials.
62-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: True
1. 1 For the quadratic equation (ax + b)2 = 0, the discriminant is zero.
ANSWER: True
2. A quadratic equation has at least one real root.
ANSWER: False
3. If a quadratic equation has real roots, the discriminant is positive.
ANSWER: False
4. The function f(x) = x + sinx is an odd function.
ANSWER: True
5. The function f(x) = xcosx is an even function.
ANSWER: False
6. The function f(x) = (sinx)/x is an even function.
ANSWER: True
1. tanAcosA = Sina
ANSWER: True
2. tanA = secA/cosecA
ANSWER: True
3. cos A – sin A = 1 – 2sin2A
2 2
ANSWER: True
4. 1 If corresponding angles of two triangles are equal, the triangles are similar.
ANSWER: True
5. If corresponding angles of two quadrilaterals are congruent, the quadrilaterals are similar.
ANSWER: False
6. If corresponding angles of two hexagons are congruent, the hexagons are similar.
ANSWER: False
1. Under a reflection in the origin, (x, y) → (-x, -y).
ANSWER: True
2. Under a reflection in the line x = a, (x, y) → ( x, y – 2a).
ANSWER: False
3. Under a reflection in the y-axis, (x, y) → (-x, -y).
ANSWER: False
4. 3
8 is a real number.
ANSWER: True
5. 8 is a real number.
ANSWER: False
6. is a real number.
ANSWER: True
PREAMBLE: As x increases from 0° to 90°
1. sinx increases from 0 to 1.
ANSWER: True
2. tanx increases.
ANSWER: True
3. cosx decreases from 0 to -1.
ANSWER: False
4. A graph represents a function if any vertical line meets the graph in at most one point.
ANSWER: True
5. A graph represents a one to one function if any vertical line meets it in at least one point.
ANSWER: False
6. A graph represents an onto function if any horizontal line meets it in at least one point.
ANSWER: True
63-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
PREAMBLE: In the Cartesian plane,
1. the lines x = 2 and y = 2 are perpendicular.
ANSWER: True
2. the lines x = 5 and x = -5 are parallel.
ANSWER: True
3. the lines x + y = 1 and x – y = 1 are perpendicular.
ANSWER: True
PREAMBLE: A and B are polynomial expressions.
4. If AB = 0, then A = 0.
ANSWER: False
5. If A/B is undefined then B = 0.
ANSWER: True
6. If A/B = 0, then A = 0.
ANSWER: True
1. A kite has a fixed center of rotation.
ANSWER: False
2. A parallelogram has a fixed center of rotation.
ANSWER: True
3. An isosceles triangle has a center of symmetry.
ANSWER: False
PREAMBLE: Similar polygons have:
4. the same number of sides.
ANSWER: True
5. corresponding angles congruent.
ANSWER: True
6. corresponding sides congruent.
ANSWER: False
1. The compound statement ‘P and Q’ is true only if both P and Q are true.
ANSWER: True
2. The compound statement ‘P or Q’ is true whenever Q is true.
ANSWER: True
3. The compound statement ‘P or Q’ is false only when both P and Q are false.
ANSWER: True
PREAMBLE: A and B are sets.
4. If AUB = A, then A∩B = B
ANSWER: True
5. If A∩B= B, then A B
ANSWER: False
6. If AUB = A, then B A
ANSWER: True
1. The area of a circle of diameter D is πD2/2.
ANSWER: False
2. The volume of a sphere of diameter D is πD3/6.
ANSWER: True
3. The surface area of a sphere of diameter D is πD2.
ANSWER: True
4. The identity for division is 1 or the identity for multiplication is 1.
ANSWER: True
5. The identity for addition is 0 and the identity for multiplication is 1.
ANSWER: True
6. The identity for subtraction is 0 and the identity for division is 1.
64-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: False
1. The sequence with general term Un = 3n is a geometric sequence.
ANSWER: False
2. The sequence with general term Un = 3 – 2n is a linear sequence.
ANSWER: True
3. The sequence with general term Un = 3n is an exponential sequence.
ANSWER: True
4. Every line in the coordinate plane has an equation in the slope-intercept form.
ANSWER: False [ example: x = 2 has no slope –intercept form]
5. The line with equation 2x + y = 2 has slope -2 and y-intercept 2.
ANSWER: True
6. The lines with equations y = 2x and y = -2x are perpendicular.
ANSWER: False
PREAMBLE: r is the coefficient of correlation between two variables.
1. If r = 0.99, then there is a strong positive correlation between the variables.
ANSWER: True
2. If r = - 0.99
There is a poor correlation between the variables.
ANSWER: False
3. If r = 0.02, there is a weak positive correlation between the variables.
ANSWER: True
4. The function y = 1/(1 + √x) is a rational function.
ANSWER: False
5. The domain of the function y = (x + 2)/(x – 2) is all real x excluding x = 2.
ANSWER: True
6. The range of the function y = (x + 2)/(x – 2) is all real y excluding y = 1.
ANSWER: True
1. If a line bisects an angle of a triangle and is perpendicular to the opposite side, then it bisects that
side.
ANSWER: True
2. If the diagonals of a quadrilateral bisect each other, then the opposite sides are congruent.
ANSWER: True
3. Line segments from a point on the perpendicular bisector of a line segment to the ends of the
segment are congruent.
ANSWER: True
PREAMBLE: For a graph to represent a function…
4. a vertical straight line should meet the graph in at most one point.
ANSWER: True
5. a horizontal straight line should meet the graph in at least one point.
ANSWER: False
6. any line should intersect the graph in at least one point.
ANSWER: False
1. The graph of y = (x – 2)2 has only one x-intercept.
ANSWER: True
2. The graph of y = x3 – 1 has three x-intercepts.
ANSWER: False
2
3. The graph of y = x – 1 has two x-intercepts.
ANSWER: True
-1 -1
4. 2 + 2 = 1
ANSWER: True
-1
5. (0.25) = 4
65-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: True
-3
6. 10 = 0.0001
ANSWER: False
7. The graph of y = (x – 2)2 has only one x-intercept.
ANSWER: True
8. The graph of y = x3 – 1 has three x-intercepts.
ANSWER: False
2
9. The graph of y = x – 1 has two x-intercepts.
ANSWER: True
-1 -1
10. 2 + 2 = 1
ANSWER: True
11. (0.25)-1 = 4
ANSWER: True
-3
12. 10 = 0.0001
ANSWER: False
1. The domain of a sequence is the set of natural numbers.
ANSWER: True
2. The common difference of the linear sequence 9, 6, 3, 0, . . . is 3.
ANSWER: False
3. The sequence 1, 4, 9, 16, . . . is an exponential sequence.
ANSWER: False
4. In linear programming, the constraints are linear inequalities in the variables.
ANSWER: True
5. In linear programming, the objective function is any function in the variables.
ANSWER: False [linear function of the variables]
6. The graph of 2x + 3y = 12 has x-intercept (0, 4) and y- intercept (6, 0).
ANSWER: False
1. If 3 = 5x, then x is between 1 and 2.
ANSWER: False
X
2. If 5 = 3 , then x is between 1 and 2.
ANSWER: True
3. log7/log5 = log7 - log5.
ANSWER: False
4. If the sides of two angles are respectively parallel, then the angles are either congruent or
supplementary.
ANSWER: True
5. If two lines are perpendicular, a line perpendicular to one of them is parallel to the other.
ANSWER: True
6. If two lines are parallel, a line perpendicular to one of them is also perpendicular to the other.
ANSWER: True
1. 5
C2 5C3 [ read as ‘5 combination 2 = 5 combination 3’].
ANSWER: True
2. 5
P2 P3
5
[read as ‘5 permutation 2 = 5 permutation 3’].
ANSWER: False
3. 7
C5 C3
7
[read as ‘7 combination 5 = 7 combination 3’].
ANSWER: False
66-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
4. The graph of the function y = (x – 2)2 is obtained by shifting 2 units to the right horizontally the
graph of the function y = x2.
ANSWER: True
5. The graph of y = -4 is a reflection of the graph of y = 4 in the y-axis.
ANSWER: False
6. The functions y = x2 + 4x + 1 and y = (x + 2)2 – 3 have the same graph.
ANSWER: True
ROUND 4 (RIDDLES)
[PRELIMS]
(1-27)
1. I am a single digit number and I am odd.
2. The sum of the digits of my square is equal to me.
3. Mind you I am myself a square.
4. I am the last digit in the decimal system
5. I determine a nonagon.
Who am I?
ANSWER: 9
1. I am a polygon.
2. I have a fixed center of symmetry as well as a fixed center of rotation.
3. I have four of everything, sides, angles and vertices.
4. I have four axes of symmetry.
5. I am as regular as any polygon can be.
6. My diagonals are congruent and bisect each other perpendicularly.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Square
1. I am the simplest geometrical entity
2. I have no dimensions as I have no size.
3. However I have coordinates
4. I am the basic building block of geometrical figures such as lines and segments
5. You can view me as the smallest circle possible.
6. You still do not get the point?
Who am I?
ANSWER: POINT
Riddle #3
1. I am a four digit number.
2. I am an even number with even digits.
3. My first and last digits are identical.
4. My second and third digits are also identical.
5. My first digit is a prime.
6. My second digit is the square of the first digit.
Who am I?
ANSWER: 2442
Riddle #2
67-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
1. I am a trigonometric measure.
2. I am associated with a bearing.
3. I am a measure of rotation.
4. I may be right, acute, reflexive or obtuse.
5. My measure is negative if you follow the hand of the clock and positive in the opposite direction.
6. You find me in polygons.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Angle
Riddle #3
1. I am associated with simple harmonic motion
2. I am associated with functions especially with trigonometric functions
3. for y = subx, a am 2π
4. for y = tanx, I am π
5. I am generally an interval after which a function repeats itself
6. I satisfy the relation f(x=T) = f(x)
WHO AM I?
ANSWER: Period
Riddle #2
1 I have an external point of view.
2 I am associated with polygons even though I am outside the polygon.
3 I am a supplement to the interior angle of a polygon.
4 For a triangle, I am the sum of the interior opposite angles.
5 For a square I am a right kind of angle.
6 For any polygon, the sum of my siblings is four right angles.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Exterior Angle
Riddle #1
1. I am a process in geometry.
2. With me, there is no need for a protractor.
3. All you need are compasses and rulers.
4. I am in the bisection business so far as angles and segments are concerned.
5. I am what contractors do.
Who am I?
ANSWER: CONSTRUCTION
Riddle #3
1. I am a polygon of four sides.
2. My opposite sides are parallel and congruent.
3. My diagonals are congruent but not perpendicular.
4. All my angles are congruent
5. I have the right type of angles.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Rectangle
Riddle #1
1. We are neighbours.
2. We are a pair of angles.
3. We have a common vertex.
4. We also have a common side between us.
5. On a straight line we are supplementary.
68-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
6. Remember we sit next to each other.
Who are we?
ANSWER: Adjacent Angles
Riddle #3
1. I am a function.
2. To be precise I am a polynomial function.
3. My derived function is a linear function.
4. I am the derived function of a cubic function.
5. There is a famous formular bearing my name for solving my equations.
Who am I?
ANSWER: QUADRATIC FUNCTION
Riddle #3
1. I am a three digit odd number.
2. My digits are just two consecutive integers.
3. My digits are simply binomial coefficients.
4. I am a square of another set of binomial coefficients.
5. My first and last digits are identical and an identity.
6. The sum of my digits is four
Who am I?
ANSWER: 121
Riddle #3
1. I am a three digit number between 100 and 200.
2. My second digit is the product of two prime numbers.
3. My last digit is the square of an odd prime digit.
4. I am myself an exact square..
5. The number formed by my first two digits is a square.
6. The sum of my digits is also an exact square.
Who am I?
ANSWER: 169
Riddle #3
1. I am a polygonal figure and to be precise a quadrilateral.
2. I am neither a parallelogram nor a rhombus.
3. My opposite angles are supplementary.
4. I am normally found in a circle and hence my name.
5. A square is an example of me.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Cyclic Quadrilateral
Riddle #4
1. I am a unique point in the coordinate plane
2. All points in the plane are determined with respect to me.
3. I separate the positive numbers from the negative ones on the axes.
4. I am in a sense a starting point.
5. I am the point of intersection of the axes.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Origin
Riddle #1
1. I am a function of the form y = f(x).
2. My graph is wave-like.
3. I oscillate between -1 and 1.
69-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
4. I am a trigonometric function with period 360 degrees.
5. For x = 0, I reach my maximum value.
6. I vanish when x = 90°, and my minimum value occurs when x = 180°.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Cosine Function
Riddle #1
1. I am a binary operation on a set of subsets.
2. Mind you there are two of us with quite similar properties.
3. I have an identity which is quite an empty boast.
4. I normally combine two sets to create a larger set.
5. My name suggests I am a marriage of convenience.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Union
Riddle #2
1. I am the standard unit for angular measure.
2. There are 2π of me in a complete circle.
3. I am not measured by degrees.
4. I am the measure of a central angle whose sides intercept an arc whose length is the radius of the
circle.
5. I am 180°/π
Who am I?
ANSWER: RADIAN
Riddle #4
1. I am a relation which is true for all values of the variable.
2. I am also a means of identification.
3. I am associated with binary operations.
4. For union of sets, I am an empty barrel which makes the most noise.
5. For intersection of sets, I am the whole universe.
6. For addition of real numbers, I am nothing to write home about.
Who am I?
ANSWER: IDENTITY
1. I am a rule of association between two sets.
2. I am definitely a relation.
3. I am not many to many, and neither am I one to many.
4. I may however be many to one or one to one.
5. Examples of me may be linear, quadratic or trigonometric
Who am I?
ANSWER: Function
Riddle #3
1. I am a geometry of some sort.
2. Unlike Euclidean geometry, algebraic methods play a prominent role.
3. I am involved with geometry of straight lines, curves and circles.
4. Key to me is the representation of a point in the plane in terms of coordinates.
5. I have two perpendicular lines called axes intersecting in a point called the origin.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Coordinate Geometry
Riddle #2
1. I am plural in nature.
70-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
2. I am a set of observations.
3. I may also be a set of facts or measurements.
4. I may be qualitative or quantitative.
5. I may be discrete or continuous.
6. I am the basis of Statistics.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Data
Riddle #4
1. I am a graphical representation of data.
2. I am particularly useful for representing a grouped frequency distribution.
3. Rectangles are my main building blocks.
4. The area of a rectangle is proportional to the class frequency it represents.
5. I can be used to estimate the median or the mode of a given data.
6. From me a frequency polygon can be constructed.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Histogram
Riddle #3
1. I am usually a line.
2. An equilateral triangle has three of me.
3. For a rectangle, there are two of me.
4. A square has four of me.
5. For your regular quadratic curve, I am just a vertical line through the vertex.
6. I usually divide a geometric figure into two identical parts.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Line of Symmetry/Axis of Symmetry
Riddle #2
1. I am a statistic but not a casualty.
2. I am not a measure of location or central tendency.
3. I am a measure of spread or dispersion.
4. I am not a range.
5. I am rather the square root of a measure of variation.
6. In standard form, I am a measure of the deviation from the mean.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Standard Deviation
Riddle #4
1. I am definitely a function.
2. However I am neither your usual polynomial function nor a trigonometric function.
3. With me, the variable occurs as an exponent and hence my name.
4. I am generally associated with fast growth or decay.
5. An example of me is f(x) = 2x.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Exponential Function.
[MAIN CONTEST]
(28-67)
Riddle #3
1. I am used in set theory as well as in Logic
2. I transform statements into alternative and more convenient forms.
3. Essentially I am two laws in one.
4. For sets I express the complement of union of two sets as the intersection of their complements.
71-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
5. I also transform the complement of the intersection of two sets into the union of their
complements.
6. There is something French about me so far as my name is concerned.
Who am I?
ANSWER: De Morgan’s Laws
Riddle #3
1. I am a rigid body motion.
2. With me, the figure and its image are congruent.
3. Under me, you are what you see even though the sense of an image is reversed.
4. I produce a mirror image.
5. I am associated with an axis of symmetry.
6. I map a figure one to one onto its image.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Reflection
Riddle #2
1. I am a four digit even number.
2. I represent a year in the second half of the twenty first century.
3. The number formed from my last two digits is an exact square.
4. I am divisible by 8.
5. The sum of my digits is 12.
Who am I?
ANSWER: 2064
1. I am a geometrical figure.
2. To be precise I am generally a part of a geometric figure.
3. I am associated with lines and circles
4. In the plane, I connect two points with the shortest distance.
5. For a line, I am a finite portion of the line.
6. A chord of a circle divides the interior of the circle into two of me.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Segment
Riddle #4
1. I am in the shuffling business in relation to playing cards.
2. I am in the business of arranging objects.
3. I come into play when books are assembled on a shelf.
4. For a group of objects, you get different ordering of me.
5. Numerically, I am represented by the expression nPr.
6. Part of me is a mutation per chance.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Permutation
Riddle #1
1. Simply I am a line segment.
2. I define the size of a circle.
3. I am a segment from the center to the circumference.
4. Length wise, I am half the diameter.
5. I am the shorter of the two long bones of the lower arm of vertebrates.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Radius
72-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
Riddle #4
1. You will find me in a plane.
2. I am a closed geometric figure bounded by line segments.
3. I am a regular kind of fellow.
4. I have as many segments as angles.
5. My interior angles are congruent and so are my segments.
6. The measure of my exterior angle is (360/n)°.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Regular Polygon
Riddle #2
1. I am an undesirable response to a request.
2. I am important in photography.
3. I am the reverse image which is restored by developing and printing.
4. I am an additive inverse of a positive real number.
5. The charge of an electron is an example of me.
6. I exist on one half of the number line to the left of the origin.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Negative
Riddle #2
1. I am a type of Arithmetic.
2. Essentially, I am concerned with division of integers by a modulo.
3. I deal with the remainders after such division.
4. I have application to time in clock systems.
5. I am used in scheduling and determining market days.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Modular Arithmetic
Riddle #4
1. I am in a way a part of a circle.
2. I am not an arc.
3. You will find me inside the circle.
4. I am bounded by an arc and a chord of the circle.
5. If I were in the military, I will be an officer.
6. I am the larger section of a circle bounded by an arc and a chord.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Major Segment
Riddle #2
1. I am a mathematical instrument.
2. Part of me is a tractor.
3. I am semi-circular in appearance.
4. I am used to construct and measure angles in the plane.
5. I measure by degrees.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Protractor
Riddle #4
1. I may be direct or indirect.
2. Implications are a part of me.
3. I am not a theorem.
73-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
4. I am indispensable in mathematical logic.
5. I am the process of establishing a theorem.
6. I am a sequence of statements leading to a final statement called the conclusion.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Proof
Riddle #3
1. I am a triple of integers.
2. I am closely associated with right angle triangles.
3. I represent the lengths of the legs and hypothenuse of such triangles.
4. I am a solution of the Pythagorean equation x2 + y2 = z2 and hence my name.
5. Examples of me are (3, 4, 5) and (5, 12, 13).
Who am I?
ANSWER: Pythagorean Triple
Riddle #3
1. I am a unique point on a curve.
2. Strange things happen at me.
3. Mind you I am not a stationary point.
4. The second derivative vanishes at me.
5. I am in a way a boundary point.
6. At me the shape of a curve changes suddenly from curving up to curving down or vice-versa.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Point of Inflexion
Riddle #1
1. I am in a way triangle.
2. However I have no segments or angles to boast of.
3. Strictly I am a triangular array of integers.
4. Each row is symmetric and begins and ends with 1.
5. My members are binomial coefficients.
6. My name suggests I am someone’s triangle.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Pascal’s Triangle
Riddle #2
1. I am an exponent or a power.
2. I am often described as natural, binary or common according to my base.
3. Before calculators I was of much use in computation.
4. For the exponential N = ax, to base a, I am x.
5. In my common form for 10, I am 1 and for 100, I am 2.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Logarithm
Riddle #2
1. I am many things to different people.
2. In a way I am a root.
3. I am a set of numbers or values that satisfy an equation.
4. I also satisfy an inequality.
5. I am an answer to a problem.
6. I am also a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Solution
1. There is nothing special about me and I am your average kind of guy.
74-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
2. I am a straight line associated with curves.
3. I am not a chord or a tangent.
4. I am at loggerheads with respect to the tangent in terms of direction,
5. The truth is that I am always perpendicular to a tangent.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Normal
Riddle #4
1. I am simply a line of great importance to Arithmetic.
2. I am the geometry of a number system.
3. Each point of me represents a number.
4. I am characterized by a unique point that separates the numbers into positives and negatives.
5. Any number rational or irrational can be found on me.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Number Line
Riddle #3
1. I am a three-dimensional geometrical figure.
2. I normally sit on a polygonal base.
3. I have faces which are triangular in shape.
4. An example of me is a tetrahedron.
5. My triangular faces meet in a common point, the vertex.
6. An extreme example of me is a cone.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Pyramid
Riddle #2
1.I am a linear function.
2.I usually represent profit, cost or loss.
3.My extreme values are much sought after in business.
4.I am of much importance in Linear Programming.
5.My name indicates that I am the objective of Linear Programming.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Objective Function
Riddle #2
6.I am a linear function.
7.I usually represent profit, cost or loss.
8.My extreme values are much sought after in business.
9.I am of much importance in Linear Programming.
10.
My name indicates that I am the objective of Linear Programming.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Objective Function
Riddle #1
1. Part of me is a meter.
2. I am essentially a distance measure.
3. For a circle I am the circumference.
4. For a rectangle I am given by P = 2(L + W).
5. Basically I am the distance around a curve or a plane geometric figure.
Who am I?
75-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
ANSWER: Perimeter
Riddle #3
1. I am a sudden digression or change of course.
2. I am a trigonometric ratio involving the legs of a right angle triangle.
3. I am the part of a survey line that is straight.
4. I am a straight line touching a curve without crossing it.
5. As a trigonometric entity, I am the ratio ‘opposite/adjacent’.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Tangent
Riddle #3
1. I am a quadrilateral.
2. I have a pair of parallel but non congruent sides.
3. I have a pair of congruent but non parallel sides.
4. I have two pairs of congruent adjacent angles.
5. If I were a triangle, I would be isosceles.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Isosceles Trapezium
Riddle #2
1. I may be a line segment or a number or a statistical measurement.
2. I seem to have something to do with the midpoint or the middle term in a statistical data.
3. For a triangle, I am a line segment from a vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side.
4. For a set of data, I am the middle term when the data is ordered.
5. I am also the second quartile for a distribution.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Median
Riddle #1
1. I am a vector but a rather strange one.
2. As a vector I have no length to boast about.
3. Really I have no direction.
4. At the same time I have an infinite number of directions.
5. In the coordinate plane, you can locate me at the origin.
6. I am the identity for vector addition.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Zero Vector/Null Vector
Riddle #4
1. I am a four digit number.
2. I am what is called a palindromic number.
3. Whichever direction you read me, forward or backward, the value is the same.
4. My first digit is an odd square and so also is my last digit.
5. My second digit is an even cube and so is my third digit.
6. The sum of my digits is 34
Who am I?
ANSWER: 9889
Riddle #3
1. I am a diagram for illustrating a frequency distribution.
2. I am not a histogram.
3. Neither am I a line chart or a bar chart.
76-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
4. My name suggests something edible.
5. I am circular in shape with frequencies reduced to angular measures.
6. I am the edible chart.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Pie Chart
Riddle #2
1. I measure change of one variable with respect to another variable.
2. For motion, I may be speed or velocity, and acceleration.
3. I am mathematically obtained by differentiation.
4. In a chemistry laboratory, I am associated with a chemical reaction.
5. Essentially, I am a rate and change is my objective.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Rate of Change
Riddle #3
1. I have different types.
2. I may be considered natural, whole, positive or negative.
3. I am the basic building block of Mathematics.
4. I am often considered reasonable or rational as well as crazy or irrational.
5. I may be terminating or repeating.
6. You can locate me on a line bearing my name.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Real Number
Riddle #1
1. In the plane, there are two of us.
2. Together we define the coordinates of a point in the plane.
3. I am number 2 in the ordered pair.
4. I am normally represented by the letter y.
5. I represent the distance of a point from the x-axis.
6. I am the y-coordinate of a point in the plane.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Ordinate
Riddle #4
1. I am the primary building blocks of integers.
2. For the decimal number system, I range from 0, 1, 2, up to 9.
3. For the binary number system, I am either 0 or 1.
4. In another context, I am a finger or a toe.
5. In a way, I define the modern computer age.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Digit
Riddle #2
1. I am a solid geometric figure.
2. I am a polyhedron.
3. I have eight triangular faces and twelve edges.
4. I am formed by joining two congruent square pyramids base to base.
5. I am in the octo business and I am a polyhedron.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Octahedron
Riddle #1
1. I represent different things in different contexts.
2. I am a set of values taken by a function or a variable.
77-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
3. In Statistics I am the difference between the largest and smallest measurements.
4. I am open land on which farm animals graze.
5. I am also an area in which a species of organisms live.
6. I am the union of mountains and hills extending over some distance.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Range
Riddle #3
1. I have no fixed value as I have the tendency to change or vary.
2. I am represented by a symbol such as x or y which symbol represents a value.
3. I may be dependent or independent.
4. I am the building block for function notation.
5. For the function y = f(x), x is independent and y is dependent.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Variable
Riddle #3
1.There are three of us and you may view us as the three musketeers.
2.We are associated with a frequency distribution.
3.We are not the mean, mode or median.
4.Together we divide a distribution into four equal parts.
5.There is a first, a second and a third.
6.The second one is literally the middle term of a distribution.
Who are we?
ANSWER: Quartiles
Riddle #4
1. I am a part of a circle.
2. To be precise I am an arc of a circle.
3. I am a junior part of a circle
4. I am an arc of a circle whose length is less than half the circumference of the circle.
5. As an arc, I play a minor role so to speak.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Minor Arc
Riddle #1
1.
I represent exact likeness in shape about a line, axis, point or a plane.
2.
I occur if one half of a figure can be rotated or reflected onto the other.
3.
In Biology, I am the balanced distribution of duplicate body parts or shapes.
4.
I occur often in nature, and plants and animals exhibit me.
5.
Geometrical figures such as isosceles triangle and equilateral triangle reflect me.
6.
The quadratic curve is a good demonstration of me.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Symmetry
Riddle #4
1. I am an end point.
2. I am the highest point of a body part such as a skull.
3. I am a point on a polyhedron shared by 3 or more faces.
4. I am the intersection of the adjacent sides of a polygon.
5. For an angle, I am the origin of the two rays forming the angle.
Who am I?
ANSWER: Vertex
78-[2015]
~ MATHEMATICS ~
Riddle #1
1. I am a self-product.
2. I am a plane figure of regular shape having four sides.
3. My area is somehow myself.
4. My area is a2 and my perimeter is 4a.
5. I am applied to matrices as well as pyramids.
6. I am also an L-shaped or a T-shaped instrument used for drawing or measuring a right angle.
Who am I?
ANSWER: A Square
79-[2015]
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