CWTS Module 4 Report PDF

LADRERA PESIAO LUNA VALE
Manage Profiles
MODULE 4
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Learning Outcomes:
After completion of the module, the students will be able to:
Recall knowledge on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management.
Recognize the importance of DRRM awareness in building a resilient
community.
Recognize the hazards and disasters affecting the Philippines.
Acquaint themselves with the Philippine Disaster Management System
(PDMS) and with laws and policies pertinent to its implementation.
Define key concept and principles of disaster management.
Internalize the principles of disaster preparedness and be ready for
involvement in times of crisis.
Enhance awareness of the tasks and responsibilities of key players in
disaster management.
Develop skills in responding on disaster incidents applying basic
knowledge on first aid and life support.
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LESSON 1
Introduction
This module will discuss how to reduce risk
brought about by disaster whether it is natural
or manmade because other calamities are
unpredictable especially disastrous earthquake.
Since, Philippines is prone to this event being in
the pacific ring of fire, all we need to do is to
prepare to lessen the damage in the lives and
properties.
LESSON 1
LESSON 1
LESSON 1
LESSON 1
The Philippines is governed by a Presidential form, in which power is
divided among three juridical branches.
EXECUTIVE - carries out the law
JUDICIAL - evaluates the law
LEGISTATIVE - makes the law

LESSON 1
LESSON 1
1 2 3 4
LESSON 2
Disaster Risk
Profile of the
Philippines
LESSON 2
Hazard - a situation where there is a threat to life
Disaster - a sudden event or natural catastrophe that causes injury, loss of
life and damage.
Natural hazard -severe and extreme weather and climate events

Human- induced hazards - events that was caused by human
activities
Risk exposure - the people, property, systems or elements that are present
in hazard zones.
LESSON 2
Earthquake is a weak to violent shaking of the ground produced by the
sudden movement of rock materials below the earth’s surface.
Tectonic earthquakes are produced by sudden movement along faults and
plate boundaries.
Volcanic earthquakes are vibrations generated by the movement of magma.
Magnitude is proportional to the energy released by an earthquake at the
focus.
Seismograph is an instrument to record earthquake movement.

LESSON 2
The geographical location of the Philippines makes the country uniquely exposed to a
plethora of hazards, including recurrent typhoons, earthquakes and active volcanoes.
Eurasian and Pacific are the two tectonic plates that surrounds the Philippines, which
can create major earthquakes in the near future.
LESSON 2
plethora of hazards, including recurrent typhoons, earthquakes and 53 active
volcanoes.
About 20 tropical cyclones enter the Philippines scope each year which makes them
the largest contributors in disaster damage.
Based on vulnerability studies, the most vulnerable regions to tropical cyclones in the
country are the National Capital Region (NCR), Southern Tagalog, Cagayan Valley,
Central Luzon, the Cordillera Administrative Region, and Bicol Province.
LESSON 2
LESSON 2
plethora of hazards, including recurrent typhoons, earthquakes and 53 active
volcanoes.
About 20 tropical cyclones enter the Philippines scope each year which makes them
the largest contributors in disaster damage.
Based on vulnerability studies, the most vulnerable regions to tropical cyclones in the
country are the National Capital Region (NCR), Southern Tagalog, Cagayan Valley,
Central Luzon, the Cordillera Administrative Region, and Bicol Province.
LESSON 3
Overview of The
Philippine Disaster
Management System
LESSON 3
Republic Act 10121

”AN ACT STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, PROVIDING FOR THE
NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE NATIONAL DISASTER
RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN, APPROPRIATING FUNDS
THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.”
LESSON 3
Republic Act 10121

good governance
risk assessment and early warning
awareness about the infastructure
reducing underlying risk factor
preparedness for effective response and early
recovery
LESSON 3
Republic Act 10121
Section 2. Declaration of Policy. – It shall be the policy of the State to:

LESSON 3
formerly known as the National Disaster

Coordinating Council (NDCC), is a
working group of various government,
non-government, civil
sector and private sector organizations
of the Government of the Republic of
the Philippines established by Republic
Act 10121 of 2010.
LESSON 3 As the implementing arm
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of the National Disaster

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Risk Reduction and

The Office of
Management Council, shall
have the primary mission
the Civil
of administering a
Defense comprehensive national
civil defense and disaster
risk reduction and
management program
LESSON 3
As embodied in PD 1566
and RA 10121, is carried
out at various political
subdivision and
administrative regions of
the country through the
National Disaster Risk

LESSON 4
LESSON 4
Disaster risk reduction

Disaster Risk (DRR) is a systematic
Reduction (DRR) approach to identifying,
assessing and reducing

the risks of disaster.
LESSON 4
DISASTER MANAGEMENT TERMS

LESSON 4
Hazards
Hazards. Defined as a
"dangerous
phenomenon,
substance, human activity
or condition that may cause
loss of life.
LESSON 4
Risks
Risks. Refers to the potential
(not actual) disaster losses, in
lives, health status, livelihoods,
assets and services, which
could occur in a particular
community or society over
some specified future time
period.
LESSON 4
Vulnerability
Vulnerability. Vulnerability is a

set of prevailing or consequential

conditions arising from various
physical, social, economic and
environmental
LESSON 4
Disasters
Disasters, a serious disruption
of the functioning of a
community or a society
involving widespread human,
material, economic or
environmental losses and
impacts, which exceeds the
ability of the affected
community or society to cope
using its own resources.
LESSON 4
1. Human toll; dead, injured and missing.

2. Community displaced
Effect of 3. Lost sources of livelihoods
4. Environmental damages
Disasters
5. Infrastructure damages

6. Economic losses
7. Hampered delivery of services

LESSON 4
Measures are needed to be drawn to minimize the loss and

destruction of life and property. These include the formulation
and implementation of long term policies and programs to
Disaster prevent or eliminate the occurrence of disaster based on risk
analysis.
Prevention and Among the activities that may minimize the impact of disaster are:
1. Identification of areas prone to typhoon and some other
Mitigation calamities.
2. Display and teaching of structural improvements.
3. Preparation of educational materials.
4. Community system
5. Media liaison.
LESSON 4 Disaster risk reduction and
management (DRRM) includes

administrative decisions and
operational activities that involve:
Disaster Risk a. Prevention
Management: b. Mitigation
What and Who c. Preparedness
d. Response
e. Recovery
f. Rehabilitation
LESSON 4 The disaster life cycle describes the process through which emergency
managers prepare for emergencies and disasters, respond to them when
they occur, help people and institutions recover from them, mitigate their
effects, reduce risks of loss and prevent disasters from occurring.
The Disaster Management Cycle is shown in the figure below.
Disaster Risk
Management
Cycle
LESSON 4
Mitigation. Measures put in place to minimize the results from a

disaster.
Examples: building codes and zoning; vulnerability analyses; public
education.
Preparedness. Planning how to respond

Examples: preparedness plans; emergency exercises/training;
warning systems..
Response. Initial actions taken as the event takes place. It
involves efforts to minimize the hazards created by a disaster.
Examples: evacuation; search and rescue; emergency relief.
Recovery. Returning the community to normal. Ideally, the

affected area should be put in a condition equal to or better than
it was before the disaster took place.
Examples: temporary housing; grants; medical care.
Certain principles of disaster preparedness will guide us to be more
LESSON 4 responsive and alert in times of crisis.
1. Principles
a. The risk must be known.

Potential hazards must identified
Incidence of hazards occurrence must be calculated
Secondary risk must be identified
b. Vulnerability must be known
Disaster Who and what are the risks must be determined

Likely damage and disruption must be assessed
Preparedness Human needs must be anticipated

c. Mitigation system must be in place
Structural mitigation must be built
Nonstructural mitigation measure must be installed
d. Preparedness system must be in readiness.
All parties should be in state of readiness.
A focal point for preparedness must exist
A management system for emergency response must be in place.
Training, drills and practice must be routine.
Effective warning system must be on alert.
Authorities and public must be fully informed.
2. Effective warning Message
LESSON 4 Clear, simple language

Consistent context
Convincing
community- include clearly state precaution and action.
Repetitiveness
3. Risk Zoning.
Survey of mountainsides, riverbanks, coastal areas for their suitability as
housing sites, farming, mining, and any other productive activities.
Disaster Rational plans for urban centers, forest preservation and some other nature
conservation measures.
Preparedness Building codes regulating height, type of materials, and any other
specification for structures, particularly in risk areas.
4. Public awareness
Mitigation Awareness. When risk is high but perception preparedness is low,
people need technical explanation about causes, possible and mitigating
strategies.
Preparedness Awareness. When a risk is imminent, the community needs
detailed explanation of what is going to happen and how, and what to and
what not to do.
Emergency Response awareness. After the disaster has struck, people need
to know what to do next.
LESSON 4
a. Comprehensive risk management process

has the potential to break the cycle of damage
and reconstruction when a community is
Rationale for subjected to repeated natural hazards.
b. To be effective, a strategy must be in place
Risk Management and ready for immediate implementation when
necessary.
c. This can only be done through advance
preparation and planning.
LESSON 4
a. Reduce vulnerabilities in the community.

Disaster Risk b. When sustained over a long term,
reduce unacceptable risk to acceptable
Management levels and make the community become
Objectives disaster resistant/resilient.
LESSON 4
1. Engineering measures (keep hazard away from people)

2. Land use planning and management measures (keep
people away from hazard)
Range of Risk 3. Control and protection works (modifying the hazard)
4. Early warning (predicting hazard)
Management 5. Preparedness planning (prepare in anticipation of a hazard
event)
Measures 6. Reconstruction planning after a disaster with the aim of
reducing the vulnerability
7. Mainstreaming risk management in development practice
and institutionalization.
LESSON 5
Role of Youth in Disaster

Preparedness and Management,
Basic Disaster Preparedness,
and Response Training
LESSON 5
what is first
AID?
LESSON 5
First aid refers to the emergency or

immediate care you should provide
when a person is injured or ill until full
medical treatment is available. For minor
First Aid conditions, first aid care may be enough.
For serious problems, first aid care
should be continued until more advanced
care becomes available.
LESSON 5
The decision to act appropriately with first aid can mean the
difference between life and death. Begin by introducing yourself to the
injured or ill person. Explain that you are a first aid provider and are willing
to help. The person must give you permission to help them; do not touch
them until they agree to be helped. If you encounter a confused person or
someone who is critically injured or ill, you can assume that they would
want you to help them. This is known as “implied consent.”
LESSON 5
Preserve life – your main goal should
be to keep the person alive.

Prevent further injury – keep the injured
First Aid person safe and from becoming injured
any more. It is always recommended
Basics/"The 3 that you do not move them until help
P's" arrives.
Promote recovery – try to help fix their
injuries as best as you can.
LESSON 5
Basic Life Support, or BLS, generally refers

to the type of care that first-responders,
healthcare providers and public safety
Basic Life professionals provide to anyone who is
Support experiencing cardiac arrest, respiratory
distress or an obstructed airway.
LESSON 5
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a
lifesaving technique useful in many

emergencies, including a heart attack or
near drowning, in which someone's
Cardiopulmonary breathing or heartbeat has stopped. The
Resuscitation American Heart Association recommends
(CPR) that everyone — untrained bystanders and
medical personnel alike — begin CPR with
chest compressions.
advice from the American Heart Association:
Untrained - If you're not trained in CPR, then provide hands-only CPR. That means
uninterrupted chest compressions of 100 to 120 a minute until paramedics arrive
(described in more detail below). You don't need to try rescue breathing.
Trained and ready to go - If you're well-trained and confident in your ability, check to see if
there is a pulse and breathing. If there is no breathing or a pulse within 10 seconds, begin
chest compressions. Start CPR with 30 chest compressions before giving two rescue
breaths.
Trained but rusty - If you've previously received CPR training but you're not confident in
your abilities, then just do chest compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 a minute. (Details
described below.)
Is the environment safe for the person?
LESSON 5 Is the person conscious or unconscious?

If the person appears unconscious, tap or

shake his or her shoulder and ask loudly,
"Are you OK?"
before you begin If the person doesn't respond and two
people are available, have one person call
911 or the local emergency number and
performing cpr, get the AED, if one is available, and have
the other person begin CPR.
make sure: If you are alone and have immediate

access to a telephone, call 911 or your
local emergency number before beginning
CPR. Get the AED, if one is available
As soon as an AED is available, deliver one
shock if instructed by the device, then
begin CPR.
LESSON 5
Remember to spell C-A-B

The American Heart Association uses the letters C-A-B — compressions, airway,
breathing — to help people remember the order to perform the steps of CPR.
LESSON 5
Compressions:
Restore blood
circulation
Put the person on his or her back on a firm
surface.
LESSON 5 Kneel next to the person's neck and shoulders.
Place the heel of one hand over the center of

the person's chest, between the nipples. Place
your other hand on top of the first hand. Keep
Compressions: your elbows straight and position your
shoulders directly above your hands.
Use your upper body weight (not just your arms)
Restore blood as you push straight down on (compress) the
chest at least 2 inches (approximately 5
centimeters) but not greater than 2.4 inches
(approximately 6 centimeters). Push hard at a
circulation rate of 100 to 120 compressions a minute.
If you haven't been trained in CPR, continue
chest compressions until there are signs of
movement or until emergency medical
personnel take over. If you have been trained in
CPR, go on to opening the airway and rescue
breathing.
If you're trained in CPR and you've
LESSON 5 performed 30 chest compressions,
open the person's airway using the

head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver. Put your
palm on the person's forehead and
gently tilt the head back. Then with the
other hand, gently lift the chin forward
Airway: Open the to open the airway.
airway
With the airway open (using the head-tilt, chin-lift
maneuver), pinch the nostrils shut for mouth-to-
LESSON 5 mouth breathing and cover the person's mouth with
yours, making a seal.
Prepare to give two rescue breaths. Give the first

rescue breath — lasting one second — and watch to
see if the chest rises. If it does rise, give the second
breath. If the chest doesn't rise, repeat the head-tilt,
chin-lift maneuver and then give the second breath.
Thirty chest compression followed by two rescue
breaths is considered one cycle. Be careful not to
Breathing: Breathe provide too many breaths or to breathe with too
much force
Resume chest compressions to restore circulation.
for the person As soon as an automated external defibrillator (AED)

is available, apply it and follow the prompts.
Administer one shock, then resume CPR — starting
wit chest compressions — for two more minutes
before administering a second shock. If you're not
trained to use an AED, a 911 or other emergency
medical operator may be able to guide you in its use.
If an AED isn't available, go to step 5 below.
Continue CPR until there are signs of movement or
emergency medical personnel take over.
PRESENTED BY
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LADRERA PESIAO LUNA VALE

The Philippines is governed by a Presidential form, in which power is

divided among three juridical branches.

EXECUTIVE - carries out the law

JUDICIAL - evaluates the law

LEGISTATIVE - makes the law

Hazard - a situation where there is a threat to life

Disaster - a sudden event or natural catastrophe that causes injury, loss of

life and damage.

Natural hazard -severe and extreme weather and climate events

Earthquake is a weak to violent shaking of the ground produced by the

sudden movement of rock materials below the earth’s surface.

Tectonic earthquakes are produced by sudden movement along faults and

Volcanic earthquakes are vibrations generated by the movement of magma.

Magnitude is proportional to the energy released by an earthquake at the

Seismograph is an instrument to record earthquake movement.

Republic Act 10121

Republic Act 10121

Republic Act 10121

Section 2. Declaration of Policy. – It shall be the policy of the State to:

formerly known as the National Disaster

of the National Disaster

Risk Reduction and

and RA 10121, is carried

out at various political

the country through the

National Disaster Risk

Disaster risk reduction

DISASTER MANAGEMENT TERMS

set of prevailing or consequential

1. Human toll; dead, injured and missing.

Measures are needed to be drawn to minimize the loss and

management (DRRM) includes

The Disaster Management Cycle is shown in the figure below.

Mitigation. Measures put in place to minimize the results from a

Preparedness. Planning how to respond

Recovery. Returning the community to normal. Ideally, the

a. The risk must be known.

Disaster Who and what are the risks must be determined

Preparedness Human needs must be anticipated

LESSON 4 Clear, simple language

a. Comprehensive risk management process

a. Reduce vulnerabilities in the community.

1. Engineering measures (keep hazard away from people)

Role of Youth in Disaster

First aid refers to the emergency or

be to keep the person alive.

Basic Life Support, or BLS, generally refers

lifesaving technique useful in many

LESSON 5 Is the person conscious or unconscious?

If the person appears unconscious, tap or

make sure: If you are alone and have immediate

Remember to spell C-A-B

Place the heel of one hand over the center of

open the person's airway using the

Prepare to give two rescue breaths. Give the first

for the person As soon as an automated external defibrillator (AED)

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