CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS

CONTEMPORARY AND MODERN

CONTEMPORARY/MODERN

 Modern and Contemporary forms are largely interchangeable

 People often use the term "modern" for describing some art form of recent times Actually, this
art form is considered Contemporary.

Modern design refers to an era that has passed, while Contemporary design is all about the now and
the future.

Modern and Contemporary are art forms of two different times.

TIME DIFFERENCE
Modern Art - 1880s 1960s
Contemporary Art - 1960s and is still emerging

VINCENT VAN GOGH AND EDOUARD MANET

are credited with revolutionizing the art in the 1830s and giving a new realm to it.

WHAT IS MODERN ART?

 broke away from the conventional forms of art
 emphasized on the subjective representation of subjects rather than focusing on realism that
was prevalent before
 had its unique style and reflected the inner and the outer world
 "surrealism"

cultural movement.

modern movement in art and literature that tries to express the subconscious mind
WHAT IS CONTEMPORARY ART?
 created by artists up until today
 the late 1900s saw major social, political, and cultural reformations across the world which had
greatly influenced this art form
 no rigid form in contemporary art
 every topic of relevant significance like:

(globalization, global warming, human rights, environmental destruction)

OVERVIEW BETWEEN CONTEMPORARY ART AND MODERN ART

 Modern artists tend to find the pure idea of art
 Contemporary artists are ery liberal in their attitudes, and they are least concerned about purity
in art
 Modern artists were concerned with aesthetic beauty while;
 Contemporary artists had significant freedom and liberty to experiment with all styles
 Unlike modern art, contemporary art has some social impact

What are the Humanities?

 Latin term "humanus" which means human, cultured, refined.
 Branches of learning based on the philosophy and ethical perspective of humanism
 Parts of the education that make for a more refined sense of knowing, thinking, and finer
feeling.
 It is the ocean of all humanity's deeper, inward awareness, knowledge, and sensitivity.

List of subjects often covered in humanities courses:

1. Painting
2. Sculpture
3. Architecture
4. Photography
5. Literature
6. Music
7. Theatre
8. Dance
9. Film

List of subjects often covered in humanities courses:

1. Painting

2. Sculpture

3. Architecture

4. Photography

 Are collectively called as the "Visual arts"

 Visual arts or Spatial arts are those art forms that we perceive with our eyes
and which occupy space.

List of subjects often covered in humanities courses:

5. Literature

6. Music

 Referred to as "Auditory arts"

 Auditory or Temporal arts are those art forms that can be heard and expressed in
time.

NOTE: Music is the one art form that is entirely defined by time.

List of subjects often covered in humanities courses:

7. Theatre

8. Dance

9. Film

 Classified as "Combined arts"

 Combined or Performing arts are those that can be both seen and
heard, and these art forms unfold in both space and time.

Few examples on how we can engage in a pursuit of the Humanities:

  Visit a park
 Watch a film
 Sing a song
 Attend a lecture
 Look at a piece of art
 Stop outside a building you pass everyday
 Read a novel
 See a play with someone

✓ Humanities make us more human - in the very best sense of that word "human"

✓ By studying what others have believed, created, and understood, we also become better human
beings.

✓ The "arts" is collectively called the "Humanities"

✓ As a consequence of our encounter with the Arts, we value and appreciate beautiful things

How to Study the Humanities: Text, Context, Subtext

TEXT
The text of any primary source refers to its:

1. Medium- what it is made of

2. Form-its outward shape

3. Content-the subject it describes

In Literature:

 Prose - is to convey information, to narrate, and to describe

 Poetry - has freedom from conventional patterns of grammar
-provides opportunities for the expression of intense emotions

Note: In literature most kinds of expression, content and form of a literary work determines its genre.
SUBTEXT
 The subtext of the literary or artistic object refers to its secondary and implied meanings.
 Embraces the emotional or intellectual messages embedded in or implied by a work of art.
 Identifying the implicit message of an artwork helps us to determine the values and customs of
the age in which it was produced and to assess those values against others.

CONTEXT
 Is to describe the historical and cultural background or environment of the artwork.

To determine the context, we ask:

1. In what time and place did the artifact originate?

2. How did it function within the society in which it was created?

3. Was the purpose of the piece decorative, didactive, magical, propagandistic?

4. Did it serve the religious or political needs of the community or both?

The Evolving Paradigms on the Nature of Art

Plato
 The idealist, art is an imitation of an imitation
 Art is doubly divorced from reality.

Ex. A painting of a bed

ARISTOTLE
 The realist, art is still an imitation, but an imitation not of the ideal world but the real world.
 Art is a mirror of reality around us and within us.

THE GREEKS
According to the Greeks:

 Art is an imitation of reality, art is imitative and representational: it copies something in the real
world.

Tolstoy
 Art is a contagion of feeling.

Croce
 Art is an expression of emotion.

Van Gogh wrote to Theo

 Instead of trying to reproduce exactly what I have before my eyes, I use color more arbitrary so
as to express myself more forcibly.

Henri Matisse
 “What I am after above all is expression."

The Impressionists

 Sought to capture "the immediate visual impressions" and render them impersonally.

Formalism
 The meaning of an artwork is found in the formal relationship between elements of the work
itself.
 Rejects/denies aggressively the significance of the artist's original intention. The artist is totally
irrelevant to the work.
 "Amputate the art from the artist"

1. Aesthetic Value

 The concept refers to that value which causes an object to be a "work of art”.
 The quality which appeals to our sense of beauty.

2. Intellectual Value
 An artwork stimulates thought.
 It enriches our mental life by making us realize fundamental truths about ourselves, about other
human beings, and about the world around us.
3. Suggestiveness

 This is the quality associated with the emotional power of art.

 Great works of art move us deeply and stir our feeling and imagination, giving and evoking
visions above and beyond the plain ordinary life and experience

4. Spiritual Value
 Art elevates in spirit by bringing out moral values which make us a better person.
 The capacity to inspire is part of the spiritual value of art.

5. Permanence

 A great work of art endures.

 It can be viewed again and again as each encounter gives fresh delight and new insights and
opens new worlds of meaning and experience.
 Its appeal is lasting.

6. Universality

 Great art is timeless and timely.

 It is forever relevant and appeals to one and all, anytime, anywhere because it deals with
element feelings, fundamental truths, and universal conditions.

7. Style
 This is the peculiar way in which an artist sees his subject, forms his ideas, and expresses them.
 Great artworks are marked as much by their memorable substance as well as their distinctive
style.
 Style should suit content.

8. Form
 Is the guiding principle that determines the manner in which it unfolds and the elements that
propel its evolution from beginning to end.

CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGIONS

✓ The ARTS are described as means of expression that requires imagination and/or skill in making
aesthetic objects or encounters that can be shared with other people.

✓ These may also portray ideas and emotions.

✓ These may also be used to entertain or persuade other people.

✓ These aesthetic objects and encounters create beauty.

Lesson 4: ARTS AND ITS VISUAL Elements

✓ In order to understand how to describe a painting or a sculpte, it is important to comprehend first the
visual elements of art.

✓ These visual elements of art are line, shape and mass, color, texture, value, space, and time and
motion.

LINE
✓This refers to a prolongation of a point or a mark on a surface.

✓ Sid lines can be used in order to define form while broken lines are typically used to suggest hidden
forms.

SHAPE AND MASS

✓ This element refers to an area with boundaries identified or drawing lines.

✓A shape may be natural or living forms called an organic shape and can be irregular or rounded.

✓ It may also be measured forms called geometric shape.

✓ In contrast to shape which is two-dimensional, mass refers to solid portions of a three-dimensional

object.

COLOR

✓This refers to visual perception that allows a person to differentiate objects due to the way various
wavelengths of light are reflected.

✓ Color is a very important element because it can communicate information and emotion to the
viewer.

✓ These are the three properties of color:

Three Properties of Color:

  Hue, which refers to the basic or pure color, and is represented in the color wheel.
 Value, which refers to the lightness and darkness of color. A light color or tint is the result of
adding white to a hue, while a dark color or shade results from adding black to a hue.
 Saturation which refers to brightness and dullness of color. It is also referred to as purity of
the color. A bright color can be produced by adding more pigment to the same hue, while a dull
color can be produced by adding gray or the color's complement to the pigment.


The color wheel is an arrangement of primary, secondary and tertiary colors. It is important tool to
identify which colors can work well if used in a certain artwork which is the color schemes color or
Crystal Student Color Wheel yellow relationships.

TEXTURE

✓ This element refers to the feel or appearance of a surface. A person may describe as actual or implied.

✓Actual texture can be felt tangibly based on the material that is used for the artwork.

✓ Implied texture can be exhibited, for instance, in a painting of fur of an animal.\

VALUE

✓ This element.efers to lightness or darkness of an area.

✓ This is evident in creating shadows for a two-dimensional object to give an illusion of depth.

SPACE

✓ Space refers to the area that is occupied by an object or a subject, as well as the area surrounding that
object or subject.

✓An illusion of spe can still be created in a two-dimensional surface using perspective.

✓There are two types of perspective: atmospheric perspective, which utilizes the properties of light and
air in depicting the illusion of distance; and linear perspective, which involves the use of vanishing points
and receding hidden lines.

SPACE
✓Space refers to the area that is occupied by an object or a subject, as well as the area surrounding that
object or subject.

✓ An illusion of space can still be created in a two-dimensional surface using perspective.

✓ There are two types of perspective:

✓ atmospheric perspective - utilizes the properties of light and air in depicting the illusion of distance;

✓ linear perspective involves the use of vanishing points and receding hidden lines.

TIME AND MOTION

✓ Movement in the visual arts can either be an illusion or an actual motion.

✓ An illusion of movement is more common in two-dimensional artworks.

✓ On the other hand, actual motion is easily seen in kinetic sculpture that moves with the wind or are
vibrating with the surrounding air.

Lesson: PAINTING
Painting refers to the process of applying color on a flat surface. Forms can be created using a wide
variety of material such as watercolor, acrylic, ink, oil, pastel, and charcoal. Surfaces for painting include
wood, canvas, cardboard, and paper.

Painting is considered two-dimensional, meaning it only has height and width.

KINDS OF PAINTING
EASEL PAINTING
✔The easel painting is perhaps the most common form of painting which involves applying color to a
board or canvas that is fixed on an upright support called an easel.

✔These are meant to be framed and hanged on a wall after creating them.

MURALS
✓It is described as a huge wall-sized painting used to impart messages to the public.

✓ A new form of mural which is a portable mural, was developed in order to prevent the mural from
being erased from the wall which was.

✓ Created by using bold strokes in applying bright colors on pieces of cheesecloth or canvas.

TELON PAINTING

✓ A telon is described as a backdrop or background for the stage which are used for komedya, sarswela,
and sinakulo, the popular forms of theater in the country

Jeepney AND CALESA PAINTING

✔The calesa is typically painted using one color.

✔The borders of the calesa are decorated with geometric patterns, repetitive patterns, and/or thin

lines.

✔Jeepney painting evolved from calesa painting. In a typical jeepney, a logo, number, or painting is
covered near the driver's seat, as well as near the seats adjacent to it.

COLLAGE
✔This refers to a form of painting that involves combined images in a single artwork.
✔This entails cutting and pasting materials such as paper, fabric, tin foil and other relatively flat
materials onto a board or canvas.

THEMES OF PAINTING
GENRE PAINTING
✔Portrays people in daily activities.

✓During the contemporary period, genre painting took several directions.

✓One of these new approaches is folk genre, which mainly focuses on the everyday activities of the folk.

✔Another approach is using the style of cubism in depicting folk or urban subjects.

✓On the other hand, folk-naive is another style wherein it uses a lot of color and spontaneity.

HISTORICAL PAINTING
✔The historical painting depicts a scene from the past. It often has a lesson concerning national values.

INTERIORS

✓ This refers to painting of the space inside of a part of a house or a building.

✓ This usually reveals the social class of the family living in that particular house, as well as the traits of
the people living in it.

LANDSCAPES

✓These painting portrays natural scenery or urban scenes.

✓Mixed media is now used in creating landscape paintings.

✓Closely related to landscapes are seascapes, which focus on large bodies of water, particularly the
ocean or the sea.

PORTRAITS
✔This refers to a painting portraying one or more specific individuals.
✔This usually portrays the physical characteristics of the subject and seeks to show an understanding of
that person's character.

NUDES
✔These are paintings that portray the unclothed human figure.

✓Nowadays, a wide variety of materials and styles can be used in painting nudes.

✓Nude painting sessions are conducted in galleries.

RELIGIOUS PAINTINGS

✓Common subjects of religious paintin includes a lone religious image, lives of the saints, and scenes
based from the Scriptures like the Nativity scene, and the Station of the Cross.

STILL LIFE
✔This refers to a painting that depicts natural or man-made objects that form composition in a natural
setting.

✓ A lot of styles can be used by artists in painting, ranging from Baroque and Rococo, to impressionism,
expressionism, and abstract.

✓ Neo-realism involves creating representational figures that also look abstract; hyperrealism or magic
realism, the subject is painted in a highly realistic way that it resembles a photograph, and social realism
entails creating paintings that depicts socioeconomic and political problems.