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    Os - Viva

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    Bunny Bunny
    This document provides summaries of 50 Linux commands organized into categories for directory commands, file commands, file content commands, user commands, filter commands, utility commands, and networking commands. The commands covered include pwd, mkdir, rmdir, ls, cd for directories, touch, cat, rm, cp, mv for files, head, tail, tac, more, less for file contents, su, id, useradd, passwd, groupadd for users, cut, grep, comm for filters, find, locate, date, cal, sleep, time for utilities, and ip, ssh, mail, ping, host for networking.

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    Os - Viva

    Uploaded by

    Bunny Bunny
    21 views6 pages
    This document provides summaries of 50 Linux commands organized into categories for directory commands, file commands, file content commands, user commands, filter commands, utility commands, and networking commands. The commands covered include pwd, mkdir, rmdir, ls, cd for directories, touch, cat, rm, cp, mv for files, head, tail, tac, more, less for file contents, su, id, useradd, passwd, groupadd for users, cut, grep, comm for filters, find, locate, date, cal, sleep, time for utilities, and ip, ssh, mail, ping, host for networking.

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    OS - VIVA

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    This document provides summaries of 50 Linux commands organized into categories for directory commands, file commands, file content commands, user commands, filter commands, utility commands, and networking commands. The commands covered include pwd, mkdir, rmdir, ls, cd for directories, touch, cat, rm, cp, mv for files, head, tail, tac, more, less for file contents, su, id, useradd, passwd, groupadd for users, cut, grep, comm for filters, find, locate, date, cal, sleep, time for utilities, and ip, ssh, mail, ping, host for networking.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views6 pages

    Os - Viva

    Uploaded by

    Bunny Bunny
    This document provides summaries of 50 Linux commands organized into categories for directory commands, file commands, file content commands, user commands, filter commands, utility commands, and networking commands. The commands covered include pwd, mkdir, rmdir, ls, cd for directories, touch, cat, rm, cp, mv for files, head, tail, tac, more, less for file contents, su, id, useradd, passwd, groupadd for users, cut, grep, comm for filters, find, locate, date, cal, sleep, time for utilities, and ip, ssh, mail, ping, host for networking.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    Linux Directory Commands

    1. pwd Command

    The pwd command is used to display the location of the current working
    directory.

    2. mkdir Command

    The mkdir command is used to create a new directory under any directory.

    3. rmdir Command

    The rmdir command is used to delete a directory.

    4. ls Command

    The ls command is used to display a list of content of a directory.

    5. cd Command

    The cd command is used to change the current directory.

    Linux File commands

    6. touch Command

    The touch command is used to create empty files. We can create multiple empty
    files by executing it once.

    7. cat Command

    The cat command is a multi-purpose utility in the Linux system. It can be used to
    create a file, display content of the file, copy the content of one file to another
    file, and more.

    8. rm Command

    The rm command is used to remove a file.

    9. cp Command

    The cp command is used to copy a file or directory.

    10. mv Command

    The mv command is used to move a file or a directory form one location to


    another location.
    11. rename Command

    The rename command is used to rename files. It is useful for renaming a large
    group of files.

    Linux File Content Commands

    12. head Command

    The head command is used to display the content of a file. It displays the first 10
    lines of a file.

    13. tail Command

    The tail command is similar to the head command. The difference between both
    commands is that it displays the last ten lines of the file content. It is useful for
    reading the error message.

    14. tac Command

    The tac command is the reverse of cat command, as its name specified. It
    displays the file content in reverse order (from the last line).

    15. more command

    The more command is quite similar to the cat command, as it is used to display
    the file content in the same way that the cat command does. The only difference
    between both commands is that, in case of larger files, the more command
    displays screenful output at a time.

    16. less Command

    The less command is similar to the more command. It also includes some extra
    features such as 'adjustment in width and height of the terminal.' Comparatively,
    the more command cuts the output in the width of the terminal.

    Linux User Commands

    17. su Command

    The su command provides administrative access to another user. In other words,


    it allows access of the Linux shell to another user.

    18. id Command

    The id command is used to display the user ID (UID) and group ID (GID).
    19. useradd Command

    The useradd command is used to add or remove a user on a Linux server.

    20. passwd Command

    The passwd command is used to create and change the password for a user.

    21. groupadd Command

    The groupadd command is used to create a user group.

    Linux Filter Commands

    22. cat Command

    The cat command is also used as a filter. To filter a file, it is used inside pipes.

    23. cut Command

    The cut command is used to select a specific column of a file. The '-d' option is
    used as a delimiter, and it can be a space (' '), a slash (/), a hyphen (-), or
    anything else. And, the '-f' option is used to specify a column number.

    24. grep Command

    The grep is the most powerful and used filter in a Linux system. The 'grep'
    stands for "global regular expression print." It is useful for searching the
    content from a file. Generally, it is used with the pipe.

    25. comm Command

    The 'comm' command is used to compare two files or streams. By default, it


    displays three columns, first displays non-matching items of the first file, second
    indicates the non-matching item of the second file, and the third column displays
    the matching items of both files.

    26. sed command

    The sed command is also known as stream editor. It is used to edit files using a
    regular expression. It does not permanently edit files; instead, the edited content
    remains only on display. It does not affect the actual file.

    27. tee command


    The tee command is quite similar to the cat command. The only difference
    between both filters is that it puts standard input on standard output and also
    write them into a file.

    28. tr Command

    The tr command is used to translate the file content like from lower case to upper
    case.

    29. uniq Command

    The uniq command is used to form a sorted list in which every word will occur
    only once.

    30. wc Command

    The wc command is used to count the lines, words, and characters in a file.

    31. od Command

    The od command is used to display the content of a file in different s, such as


    hexadecimal, octal, and ASCII characters.

    32. sort Command

    The sort command is used to sort files in alphabetical order.

    33. gzip Command

    The gzip command is used to truncate the file size. It is a compressing tool. It
    replaces the original file by the compressed file having '.gz' extension.

    34. gunzip Command

    The gunzip command is used to decompress a file. It is a reverse operation of


    gzip command.

    Linux Utility Commands

    35. find Command

    The find command is used to find a particular file within a directory. It also
    supports various options to find a file such as byname, by type, by date, and
    more.

    36. locate Command


    The locate command is used to search a file by file name. It is quite similar to
    find command; the difference is that it is a background process. It searches the
    file in the database, whereas the find command searches in the file system. It is
    faster than the find command. To find the file with the locates command, keep
    your database updated.

    37. date Command

    The date command is used to display date, time, time zone, and more.

    38. cal Command

    The cal command is used to display the current month's calendar with the current
    date highlighted.

    39. sleep Command

    The sleep command is used to hold the terminal by the specified amount of time.
    By default, it takes time in seconds.

    40. time Command

    The time command is used to display the time to execute a command.

    41. zcat Command

    The zcat command is used to display the compressed files.

    42. df Command

    The df command is used to display the disk space used in the file system. It
    displays the output as in the number of used blocks, available blocks, and the
    mounted directory.

    43. mount Command

    The mount command is used to connect an external device file system to the
    system's file system.

    44. exit Command

    Linux exit command is used to exit from the current shell. It takes a parameter as
    a number and exits the shell with a return of status number.

    45. clear Command

    Linux clear command is used to clear the terminal screen.


    Linux Networking Commands

    46. ip Command

    Linux ip command is an updated version of the ipconfig command. It is used to


    assign an IP address, initialize an interface, disable an interface.

    47. ssh Command

    Linux ssh command is used to create a remote connection through the ssh
    protocol.

    48. mail Command

    The mail command is used to send emails from the command line.

    49. ping Command

    The ping command is used to check the connectivity between two nodes, that is
    whether the server is connected. It is a short form of "Packet Internet Groper."

    50. host Command

    The host command is used to display the IP address for a given domain name
    and vice versa. It performs the DNS lookups for the DNS Query.

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