Eng 2

Advanced vocabulary
Obfuscate - to make something unclear or difficult

to understand.
Enigmatic - mysterious, difficult to understand.
Proclivity - a tendency to choose or do something
regularly; an inclination or predisposition towards
something.
Quixotic - exceedingly idealistic; unrealistic and
impractical.
Perspicacious - having a ready insight into and
understanding of things; mentally sharp and
insightful.
Sentence
The politician's speech was deliberately obfuscated

to avoid answering any difficult questions.
The pernicious effects of smoking on one's health

are well-documented, yet many continue to smoke.
The Mona Lisa's enigmatic smile has captivated
people for centuries, leaving many wondering about
the true meaning behind it.
John has always had a proclivity for sweets, and he

can't resist eating a piece of cake whenever it's
offered to him.
Despite knowing the odds were against him, he

embarked on a quixotic mission to find a cure for a
rare disease that had affected his friend.
Preposition "on" usage
The preposition "on" has several different uses in

English, some of which include:
Location: "The book is on the table."

Surface: "I wrote a note on a piece of paper."
Time: "I'll see you on Monday."
Contact: "He put his hand on my shoulder."
Support: "The car is resting on the jack."
Topic: "Let's discuss the article on climate change."
Opinion: "I'm on the fence about this decision."
These are just a few examples of the various ways
in which "on" can be used as a preposition in
English.
Idioms:
A bitter pill to swallow - Something that is

unpleasant but must be accepted.
A chip on your shoulder - Holding a grudge or
being easily offended.
Devil's advocate - Someone who takes a position
for the sake of argument, without necessarily
believing in that position.
To beat around the bush - To avoid talking about
the main topic or issue.
A feather in one's cap - An achievement to be
proud of or a mark of honor.
Sentences
1.The news of his demotion was a bitter pill to

swallow, but he knew he had to accept it and
move on.
2.He always has a chip on his shoulder and gets
defensive whenever someone disagrees with
him.
3.As a lawyer, it's my job to play devil's advocate
and argue both sides of the case.
4.The politician kept beating around the bush and
never answered the direct question asked of
him.
5.Winning the Nobel Prize was a feather in his cap
and the highlight of his career.
Pair of words
Compliment vs. Complement:

Compliment: an expression of praise or admiration :
She received many compliments on her new dress.
Complement: something that completes or enhances
something else : The red wine complemented the
meal perfectly.
Emigrate vs. Immigrate:
Emigrate: to leave one's own country and move to
another : Her grandparents emigrated from Italy to
the United States.
Immigrate: to move to a new country and become a
permanent resident there : They decided to
immigrate to Canada for better job opportunities.
Fewer vs. Less:
Fewer: used to refer to a number of separate
individuals or items that can be counted : There
were fewer people at the concert than I expecte. :
used to refer to a quantity or amount that cannot be
counted : She had less time to complete the task
than she needed.
Farther vs. Further:

Farther: refers to physical distance : The store is
farther away than I thought.
Further: refers to degree or extent : The investigation
will require further analysis.
Insure vs. Ensure:
Insure: to protect against loss or damage, usually by
purchasing insurance. : He insured his car against
theft and damage.
Ensure: to make certain or guarante : The company
took steps to ensure customer satisfaction.
Principal vs. Principle:

Principal: the head of a school or organization, or the
main sum of money in an investment : The principal
of the school addressed the students.
Principle: a fundamental truth, belief, or rule : He
stood by his principles, even in the face of criticism.
Canvas vs. Canvass:
Canvas: a heavy, durable fabric used for making
tents, sails, and other items : They painted their
house with canvas tarps covering the windows.
Canvass: to solicit or survey a group of people for
opinions or votes : The volunteers went door to door
to canvass support for the candidate.
One-word substitutions
Ambidextrous - able to use both hands equally well

Example: The ambidextrous basketball player could
dribble and shoot with either hand.
Nostalgia - a sentimental longing or affection for the

past
Example: Listening to his favorite childhood songs
brought a wave of nostalgia for the good old days.
Prodigy - a young person with exceptional talent or

ability in a particular field
Example: The twelve-year-old pianist was a prodigy
and had already won several competitions.
Perpetuate - to make something continue

indefinitely or preserve from extinction
Example: The organization's goal was to perpetuate
the tradition of folk music for future generations.
TParadox - a statement or situation that contradicts

itself, but is nevertheless true
Example: "I am a compulsive liar" is an example of a
paradoxical statement.
The auxiliary verbs "can" and "could" are used to

indicate ability, possibility, permission, and request in
English. Here are some common ways in which
"can" and "could" are used:
Ability:
"Can" is used to indicate present ability. Example: "I
can swim."
"Could" is used to indicate past ability. Example:
"When I was younger, I could run faster."
Possibility:
"Can" is used to indicate a general possibility or
likelihood. Example: "It can rain today."
"Could" is used to indicate a hypothetical or
uncertain possibility. Example: "I could be wrong, but
I think she said she would come."
Permission:
"Can" is used to ask for permission or to grant
permission. Example: "Can I borrow your book?" or
"You can leave early today."
"Could" is used to make a polite request. Example:
"Could you please pass me the salt?"
Request:
"Can" is used to make a direct request. Example:
"Can you help me move this table?"
"Could" is used to make a more polite or formal
request. Example: "Could you please send me the
report by tomorrow?"
It is important to note that "can" and "could" are both
auxiliary verbs, and they are often used with other
verbs to form verb phrases. For example, "I can
swim" or "He could have gone" are complete
sentences where "can" and "could" are auxiliary
verbs that are used with the main verbs "swim" and
"have gone," respectively.
By : Babar khan

Eng 2

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Advanced vocabulary

Obfuscate - to make something unclear or difficult

The politician's speech was deliberately obfuscated

The pernicious effects of smoking on one's health

John has always had a proclivity for sweets, and he

Despite knowing the odds were against him, he

Preposition "on" usage

The preposition "on" has several different uses in

Location: "The book is on the table."

A bitter pill to swallow - Something that is

1.The news of his demotion was a bitter pill to

Compliment vs. Complement:

Farther vs. Further:

Principal vs. Principle:

Ambidextrous - able to use both hands equally well

Nostalgia - a sentimental longing or affection for the

Prodigy - a young person with exceptional talent or

Perpetuate - to make something continue

TParadox - a statement or situation that contradicts

The auxiliary verbs "can" and "could" are used to

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