SPJ G8W2C1

8
Journalism (English)
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
[[
DIFFERENT TYPES OF NEWS
Journalism (English) 8
Journalism Learning Kit
Different Types of News
Competency: Write different types of news (composite, in-depth, and investigative)
based on any recent happenings in school or community
First Edition, 2020
Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Schools Division of Iloilo
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
This Journalism Learning Kit is published to be utilized by the Schools

Division of Iloilo.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the Schools Division of Iloilo.
Development Team of Journalism Learning Kit
Writer: Cheza T. Plondaya
Illustrators: Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Mark T. Dasa
Layout Artists: Lilibeth E. Larupay, G.L. John C. Haro, Jun Victor F. Bactan
Ricky T. Salabe, Leopoldo P. Quiñon Jr.
Division Quality Assurance Team:

Lilibeth E. Larupay, Dr. Ruby Therese P. Almencion
Armand Glenn S. Lapor, G.L. John C. Haro,
Dr. Alma Janagap, Leopoldo P. Quiñon Jr.
Management Team: Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma, Dr. Josilyn S. Solana,

Dr. Elena P. Gonzaga, Donald T. Genine,
Dr. Paul Nestor M. Pingil, Dr. Roel F. Bermejo,
Dr. Nordy D. Siason, Jr. Dr. Lilibeth T. Estoque,
Dr. Azucena T. Falales, Ruben S. Libutaque, Lilibeth E. Larupay,
Dr. Ruby Therese P. Almencion
Different Types of News
BEGIN
Writing news articles, contrary to

the impression of many young
journalists, is the simplest form of
journalistic writing. Last week, you
focused on a type of news called
investigative news. This time, you will
immerse yourself on another type, which
is more or less similar to investigative
news.
Today, we deal with in-depth
news, its significant characteristics, and
how to compose one based on any
recent happening in school or in the
community. Let us just consider that
writing in-depth news is like seeking for
truth and accuracy while extracting the
hows and whys behind the story.
Come and let us partake in the
banquet of information in this meaningful
JOURNey!
TARGETS
sS
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

1. discuss the significant characteristics of in-depth news; and
2. write an in-depth news based on any recent happenings in school or in the
community.
TRY THIS
Journalism (English) 8 1
A. Directions: Identify whether the following paragraphs from different news
articles will answer the HOW or WHY of the story. Write H or W
in your Journalism-English notebook.
1. Responding to the need for an assessment and evaluation that truly reflects
learner performance in the “new normal” set-up, the Department of Education
(DepEd) is implementing a new rating system in all public elementary and
secondary schools in the country.
2. Jam-packed with various Math-themed games, students in the different levels

and councils of the Nasyo Community vie in the different contest categories
namely: Rubik’s Cube Competition, Calligraphy (Math X Environment
Hugot),Poster Making, Math-themed 3D Construction, Manga or Comic
Booklet Making, Board or Card Math game development, Software Game
Development or Animation, Two-Page Newsletter Making, Math Dance,
Spoken Word Poetry, DaMath, and Vlog Making.
3. Sponsored by the National Commission on the Culture and the Arts (NCAA) in
cooperation with the Department of Education (DepEd), Pueblo bested her
contenders from the different regions in the country.
4. Aiming to provide an opportunity for young leaders to experience first-hand

the roles and functions of our provincial officials, Panlalawigang Pederasyon
ng Sangguniang Kabataan (PPSK) selected through a rigorous screening boy
and girl officials who will serve as counterpart of our elected provincial
officials.
5. With Iloilo High School Class of 1979 sponsoring the entire project cost, the
Bola-bola gate reconstruction was made possible after several meetings with
Officer-in-Charge (OIC) and Assistant Schools Division Superintendent Dr.
Nordy D. Siason, Jr.
B. Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer in your Journalism-English

notebook.
1. In-depth news focuses on these elements.

A. how and who C. what and why
B. how and why D. here and why
2. This is a paragraph that describes the basic contents or situation of the story
(the 5 Ws).
A. body B. nut graf C. soft lede D. circle kicker
3. It is the first step in writing the in-depth news where the journalist has to take
into account the essential values which make any story worth publishing.
A. Sourcing
B. Story identification
C. Planning and budgeting
D. Cross-checking and verification of resources
4. This is a significant characteristic of in-depth news because you give both

sides the “right to reply.”
A. balance C. conciseness and precision
B. clear cut attribution D. accuracy of facts and opinion
5. They are defined as reports and interpretations by others of events they have
not witnessed first-hand.
A. documentaries C. secondary sources
B. legal documents D. primary human sources
DO THIS
ACTIVITY 1: HOW CAN I SAY WHY?
Figure 1: Comic strip on the sudden rise of the CoVid-19 cases in the
Philippines
On August 4, 2020, a new-single day record high of 6,352 COVID-19 new
cases was reported by the Department of Health (DOH) bringing the Philippines to a
total of 112,593 cases with 2,115 deaths and 66,049 recoveries.
Prompted by the medical community’s call for a two-week time-out, President
Rodrigo Duterte reverted Metro Manila and the nearby provinces to a stricter
modified enhanced community quarantine (MECQ) from August 4 to August 18,
2020.
Directions: Analyze the given comic strip in Figure 1 and fill out Table 1 that follows.
Think of five questions starting with how and why. Write your answers
in your Journalism (English) 8 notebook following the given table
format.
Table 1: How and Why Table

How Questions Why Questions
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
EXPLORE
E
Awesome! You did a wonderful job in
providing possible answers in the first
activity. Now let us connect your responses
to the following questions. Begin this
worthwhile experience now.
Directions: Answer in sentence form the given questions in your Journalism-English

notebook.
1. How do you find the first activity?

2. Based on Figure 1, what societal issue is tackled by the comic strip?
3. What made you decide that those questions that you wrote on Table 1 are related
to the issue?
4. What are your considerations in order to be able to come up with the how and
why questions?
5. Why do you think it is important to ask how and why?
6. How can this activity develop your understanding of in-depth news, its
characteristics and how to make your own composition?
KEEP THIS IN MIND
Well done! You have successfully made a

meaningful connection after answering the previous
activities. Now you are all set for the discussion about
in-depth news, its characteristics and the steps in
writing your first ever in-depth news.
WHAT IS IN-DEPTH NEWS?

In-depth news is a type that explores one aspect of a news story, often
focusing on the elements of “how” and “why,” and goes beyond a bare recital of facts
to include extensive background information.1
1
"What are the guidelines for writing in-depth news? | eNotes." Accessed August 3, 2020. https://www.enotes.com/homework-
help/what-depthnews-352576
"In-depth news" is focused upon transmitting information about the subject of
the article. It is essential to cover all six important categories of factual information, in
as much detail as is available, when creating an in-depth news report.
Components of in –depth stories:
 A soft lead is a few sentences that grab the reader's attention, often
emphasizing an anecdote or human interest.
 A nut graph is a paragraph that describes the basic contents or situation of
the story (the 5 Ws).
 The body contains detailed explanatory material based on interviews and
research
 Finally, the circle kicker is a short paragraph that returns to the material in
the soft lead.
Ten hints for the In-depth News/Report Writer

1. Emphasize and translate figures into words or proportions.
3. Report discernible trends but emphasize the unusual.
5. Look for significant changes from one period to another.
6. Report inferences accurately and objectively but eport numbers as simply as
possible.
8. Avoid a series of long paragraphs.
9. Use transitions, explanations, and commentaries to break up strings of numbers in
order to retain the interest of readers.
10. Avoid previously formulated conclusions with slanted data to support them. 2
Significant Characteristics of an In-depth News Story
1.Concise and precise

Within each paragraph, you must build the news carefully, using the most
significant and important arguments first. Be clear and concise. Omit needless words
and make each word count. Don’t go off at tangents – all the information must be
relevant and add weight to the main argument or story. At the same time, don’t
assume the reader knows the background to every story.
2.Accuracy of fact and opinion

The analysis must be wholly based on evidence. Every opinion expressed in
the text should be based on the facts, every source attributed. There must be no
personal opinion here. Rather, you should let your sources tell the story – a good
variety of quotes shows that you have really done your job.
3.Clear-cut attribution
All news reports, with a few exceptions, must be sourced. The source can be
identified as follows: individual, organization, name and designation.
2
"Depthnews - SlideShare." Accessed August 3, 2020. https://www.slideshare.net/SugarLynUbatay/depthnews.
Five attribution rules that every reporter should follow
Anonymous sources: There are occasions when a news source does not want his
or her name to be used. In such cases, the reporter can attribute the story to
informed sources or well-connected sources or official sources or sources who don’t
wish to be named.
Exceptions: The reporter need not worry about attribution in those cases that he
has witnessed.
4.Balance is essential
As a reporter you must learn to get the other point of view. This is the best
way to bring balance in the copy. Fairness requires that you don’t impute motives.
One radical or controversial opinion should be balanced by an opposing one, giving
the ‘right of reply’ to anyone who’s being criticised.
STEPS TO FOLLOW IN WRITING AN IN-DEPTH NEWS

1.Story identification
When selecting a topic to analyse in depth, the journalist has to take into
account the essential values which make any story worth publishing.
In order to be sure you have a real story, you should be able to describe in a
few sentences:
 What the story is about; and what do you want to tell;
 Why that is important to the target audience;
 What are the implications or consequences of the issue;
 What can be done about it; and which are the story’s possible sources?
2) Researching
When tackling an in-depth analysis, you will be required to do two types of

research in two phases:
A. Initial research, where you investigate a topic, in order to determine the general
situation and find your point of focus;
B. Story research, after you have decided what your focus is.
3) Sourcing
When doing in-depth analysis, the universal rules of sourcing apply. This
means:
A.Use of both primary and secondary sources
Primary human sources can be defined as participants in, or eyewitnesses to,
events which are tried and tested or proven to be bona fide, and with whom we have
communicated directly.
Primary documentary sources can be official documents, such as laws,
regulations, registers or court documents, the records of an individual’s,
organisation’s or institution’s dealings, such as correspondence, meeting minutes or
transcripts, internal reports, contracts or financial records, and original materials on
which other research or reports are based.
Secondary sources can be defined as reports and interpretations by others of
events they have not witnessed firsthand.
B.Verification and cross-checking of sources
As a general rule, avoid secondary sources wherever an alternative primary
source can be found. That means, if you see a report or an interview, you should try
to obtain the original document or contact in person the expert interviewed
C.Balance in selection of sources & relevance to the story
The best way to be sure that your analysis is accurate, fair and insightful is to
consult a multiplicity of relevant sources, of all types and with a variety of interests.
D.Fairness in presentation of source material
It is your duty to fairly represent their position and what they have told you. Be
aware of the basic golden rule: journalists deliver facts, while their sources provide
opinions, judgments, and feelings.
E.Proper attribution of sources (with limited exceptions).
All sources should be described accurately and informatively, wherever
possible. As a general rule, this should be avoided wherever possible – naming
sources gives credibility to our work.
4.Planning and Budgeting
When tackling an in-depth analysis, it is very easy to over-research. You can
find yourself overwhelmed with information, going down various lines of enquiry,
running out of time, money and perspective to start writing. You call this the ‘PhD
syndrome.’ As you accumulate material, think constantly of what your ‘angle’’ is on
this story.
A.Time
To best use your time, it is crucial you are well-prepared for interviews. Your
preparation needs to be detailed and specific. Be precise. Plan your questions in
advance. Keep to the point. Don’t ramble and don’t interrupt. Be flexible. Demand a
clear answer.
B.Money
The longer and more ambitious your in-depth research is, the more important
it is to carefully plan your budget.
5.The Writing Process
A. Documenting research
Throughout the substantial research you will undertake to produce your in-
depth news, it is crucial you keep contemporaneous notes, including: quotes from
interviews and conversations, logs of calls made and received records of your
research, and your own thoughts and comments. Representing all sides – is good
journalistic practice, but isn’t a defense against an actual libel.
B.Story structure
After doing all this research, it is essential to present it in a clear, interesting
and highly readable style. The article will be long, so you have to try to keep your
reader’s attention and convey exactly what it is you have found. 3
SUM UP
You are almost done with this module.

You familiarized yourself with in-depth news,
identified its significant characteristics and
applied the steps on how to make or compose
your masterpiece. Now, let’s recap important
things you have learned.
In-depth news is a type that explores one aspect of a news story, often
to include extensive background information.
The significant characteristics of in-depth news include its being concise and
precise; having accuracy of facts and opinion; having a clear-cut attribution and the
essentiality of balance.
The steps in writing investigative news are: story identification, researching,
sourcing, planning and budgeting, and the writing process.
3
"Writing in depth analyses, 7 - Balkan Fellowship for ...."
http://fellowship.birn.eu.com/en/file/show/Writing-in-depth-analyses.pdf. Accessed 4 Aug. 2020.
APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED
ACTIVITY 2: OUTLINE TO THE MAX

Directions: Make an outline of your in-depth news story. Fill out the needed facts
according to your chosen most recent article in your school or in your
community. Write your first draft in your Journalism-English notebook.
What:
Who:
When:
Where:
Why:
How:
Quotations with citations:
Other Significant Facts:
First Draft:
REFLECT
REFLECT
Well Well done! You have shown great

improvement after accomplishing all the
tasks in the lesson. This time you will reflect
on your work and rate your confidence.
done! You have shown great improvement
ACTIVITY 3: STOP, LOOK, GO!
Directions: Accomplish the infographics. Write your answers in your Journalism
(English) 8 notebook.
How are you doing so far?
1 THING I REALLY DO NOT UNDERSTAND
Things I still do
2 THINGS I WANT TO ASK
3 THINGS I HAVE LEARNED
ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED
Directions: Identify the term/word/phrase being described by the following

descriptions. Write your answer in your Journalism-English notebook.
1. It is a term equivalent to over-researching of a journalist before writing an in-

depth news.
2. These are the two questions prioritized by the in-depth news.
3. These sources can be defined as participants in, or eyewitnesses to, events
which are tried and tested or proven to be bona fide, and with whom we have
communicated directly.
4. It is a part of an in-depth news which is a short paragraph that returns to the
material in the soft lede.
5. It is a universal rule in sourcing that says, all sources should be described
accurately and informatively, wherever possible.
Directions: Write the word Agree if the statement if a fact about in-depth news and
write Disagree if otherwise. Write your answer in your Journalism-English notebook.
1.The best way to be sure that your analysis is accurate, fair and insightful is to
consult a multiplicity of relevant sources, of all types and with a variety of interests.
2.When using secondary sources, you should conduct a search on the internet or
make enquiries to try to verify the information
3.Representing all sides is good journalistic practice, and is a defence against an
actual libel.
4. Initial research is where you investigate a topic, in order to determine the general
situation and find your point of focus.
5. The reporter need not worry about attribution in those cases that he has
witnessed.
GLOSSARY
In-depth news - a type of news that explores one aspect of a news story, often
to include extensive background information
PhD syndrome – term referring to a journalist undergoing over-researching
ANSWER KEY
Try This
1. W 2. H 3. H 4. W 5. H
B. 1.B 7. B 8. B 9. A 10.
Assess What You Have Learned
A. 1.PhD syndrome B.1.Agree
2.how and why 2.Agree
3.first human sources 3.Disagree
4.circle kicker 4.Agree
5.proper attribution 5.Agree
REFERENCES
"Depthnews - SlideShare." Accessed August 3, 2020.

https://www.slideshare.net/SugarLynUbatay/depthnews.
"What are the guidelines for writing in-depth news? | eNotes." Accessed August 3,
2020. https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-depthnews-352576.
"Writing in depth analyses, 7 - Balkan Fellowship for ...."

http://fellowship.birn.eu.com/en/file/show/Writing-in-depth-analyses.pdf.
Accessed 4 Aug. 2020.

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8

DIFFERENT TYPES OF NEWS

Published in the Philippines

This Journalism Learning Kit is published to be utilized by the Schools

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

Development Team of Journalism Learning Kit

Writer: Cheza T. Plondaya

Illustrators: Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Mark T. Dasa

Division Quality Assurance Team:

Management Team: Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma, Dr. Josilyn S. Solana,

Writing news articles, contrary to

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

2. Jam-packed with various Math-themed games, students in the different levels

4. Aiming to provide an opportunity for young leaders to experience first-hand

B. Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer in your Journalism-English

1. In-depth news focuses on these elements.

4. This is a significant characteristic of in-depth news because you give both

ACTIVITY 1: HOW CAN I SAY WHY?

Table 1: How and Why Table

Directions: Answer in sentence form the given questions in your Journalism-English

1. How do you find the first activity?

KEEP THIS IN MIND

Well done! You have successfully made a

WHAT IS IN-DEPTH NEWS?

Ten hints for the In-depth News/Report Writer

Significant Characteristics of an In-depth News Story

1.Concise and precise

2.Accuracy of fact and opinion

STEPS TO FOLLOW IN WRITING AN IN-DEPTH NEWS

When tackling an in-depth analysis, you will be required to do two types of

You are almost done with this module.

ACTIVITY 2: OUTLINE TO THE MAX

Quotations with citations:

Other Significant Facts:

Well Well done! You have shown great

1 THING I REALLY DO NOT UNDERSTAND

2 THINGS I WANT TO ASK

3 THINGS I HAVE LEARNED

ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Directions: Identify the term/word/phrase being described by the following

1. It is a term equivalent to over-researching of a journalist before writing an in-

"Depthnews - SlideShare." Accessed August 3, 2020.

"Writing in depth analyses, 7 - Balkan Fellowship for ...."

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