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    Bending and Buckling of Thin Plates

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    Hazem Emam
    The document discusses bending and buckling of thin plates. It covers several topics: 1. Pure bending of thin plates subjected to two moments, where the plate will deflect without warping due to its small thickness. 2. Bending of thin plates from distributed lateral loading, where shear forces and bending moments can be calculated. 3. Strain energy in bending plates, which depends on the bending moments and plate properties. 4. Buckling of plates from shearing forces, where the concepts of buckling are explained through examples of compressed bars, beams and flexural buckling of columns. Buckling loads can be determined by equating potential and strain energies.

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    Bending and Buckling of Thin Plates

    Uploaded by

    Hazem Emam
    145 views44 pages
    The document discusses bending and buckling of thin plates. It covers several topics: 1. Pure bending of thin plates subjected to two moments, where the plate will deflect without warping due to its small thickness. 2. Bending of thin plates from distributed lateral loading, where shear forces and bending moments can be calculated. 3. Strain energy in bending plates, which depends on the bending moments and plate properties. 4. Buckling of plates from shearing forces, where the concepts of buckling are explained through examples of compressed bars, beams and flexural buckling of columns. Buckling loads can be determined by equating potential and strain energies.

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    Bending and buckling of thin plates

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    The document discusses bending and buckling of thin plates. It covers several topics: 1. Pure bending of thin plates subjected to two moments, where the plate will deflect without warping due to its small thickness. 2. Bending of thin plates from distributed lateral loading, where shear forces and bending moments can be calculated. 3. Strain energy in bending plates, which depends on the bending moments and plate properties. 4. Buckling of plates from shearing forces, where the concepts of buckling are explained through examples of compressed bars, beams and flexural buckling of columns. Buckling loads can be determined by equating potential and strain energies.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    145 views44 pages

    Bending and Buckling of Thin Plates

    Uploaded by

    Hazem Emam
    The document discusses bending and buckling of thin plates. It covers several topics: 1. Pure bending of thin plates subjected to two moments, where the plate will deflect without warping due to its small thickness. 2. Bending of thin plates from distributed lateral loading, where shear forces and bending moments can be calculated. 3. Strain energy in bending plates, which depends on the bending moments and plate properties. 4. Buckling of plates from shearing forces, where the concepts of buckling are explained through examples of compressed bars, beams and flexural buckling of columns. Buckling loads can be determined by equating potential and strain energies.

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    BENDING AND BUCKLING

    OF THIN PLATES
    A B DA L L A H A S HRA F A BDA L LA H I D : 2 2 0 1 0 14
    A H ME D ES SA M A LI I D : 2 0 0 0 8 75
    HA Z EM E M A M A L I I D : 2 2 0 1 0 11

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 1


    TABLE OF CONTENTS
    1. Pure Bending of Plates
    2. Bending of Plates by Distributed Lateral Loading
    3. Strain Energy in Bending of Plates
    I. Pure Bending
    II. Bending Due to Distributed Lateral Loading
    III. Combined Bending and Tension or Compression of Plates

    4. Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces


    I. Buckling Phenomena
    II. Buckling of Plates
    III. Problem Example

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 2


    1.Pure Bending of thin plate Plates

    If thin plate is exposed to two moments (Mx,My). Assuming edges won’t have any rotation except about the
    perpendicular surface. so, as this plate is thin, there won’t be any deformation at the mid plane surface as the
    thickness is too thin so the span to thickness is too big so there will be pure deflection without any type of warping
    or small value of warping.

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 3


    1.Pure Bending of thin plate Plates

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 4


    1.Pure Bending of thin plate Plates

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 5


    1.Pure Bending of thin plate Plates

    And from Hooke’s law:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 6


    1.Pure Bending of thin plate Plates
    if the deflection is small ratio to the thickness. In this case we must consider the deformation when
    calculating deflection.

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 7


    2.Bending of thin plate Plates due to lateral load

    we can calculate shear forces by integrating shear stresses by the plate thickness as the following:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 8


    2.Bending of thin plate Plates due to lateral load

    From equilibrium equations, we deduce that the summation of forces due to shear equals 0. So,
    the internal stresses must equal 0

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 9


    2.Bending of thin plate Plates due to lateral load

    we can get Qx&Qy and if after substituting in first equation, we get:

    The final equation will be:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 10


    3.Strain Energy in Bending of Plates
    I. Pure Bending
    Work Done due to Mx =

    Total Work Done =

    Substituting for the moments

    The total Strain energy of the plate will be obtained as

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 11


    3.Strain Energy in Bending of Plates
    II. Bending Due to Distributed Lateral Loading
    The strain energy due to Mxy dy =

    The same amount of energy will be produced also by the couples Myx dx,
    so the strain energy due to both twisting couples is :

    The total strain energy of an element of a plate is obtained by adding


    together the energy of bending and the energy of twist.
    Neglecting the strain energy due to shearing
    forces Qx and Qy, we find that the strain energy
    of the element is equal to the work done on the
    element by the bending moment Mx dy and My
    dx and By twisting moments Mxy dy and Myx dx.

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 12


    3.Strain Energy in Bending of Plates
    III. Combined Bending and Tension or Compression of Plates

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 13


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Rigid Bodies
    The question of the stability of various forms of equilibrium of a compressed bar (or plates) can
    be investigated by using the same methods as are used in investigating the equilibrium
    configurations of rigid-body systems.
    a- Any displacement increases the potential energy
    of the ball, and the ball will return to the minimum
    potential position.
    b- Any small displacement decrease the potential
    energy of the ball, and the ball will not return. The
    ball is in the maximum potential energy position.
    c- Potential energy is unaffected by any displacement
    of the ball.
    Thus for the case of stable equilibrium, the potential energy is a minimum

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 14


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Compressed Column
    Stability of the ball in the previous discussion depends on the surface shape. However, the stability of
    a compressed column depends on the magnitude of the load carried. For small values of P, the bar
    will return to its straight position upon any disturbance. At a load P slightly larger than the critical
    (neutral) load value, the bar will not return to its straight position.
    The small displacement the load P moves downward is :

    Work done by load is:

    Strain Energy of the spring (of constant beta) is:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 15


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Compressed Column cont.
    The system will be stable if:

    And will be unstable if:

    The critical load can be obtained as follows:

    Solving for P:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 16


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Compressed Column cont.
    Critical load can also be calculated using equilibrium equations in
    the deformed state, as follows:
    Moment of force P around point A:

    Moment of spring force around A:

    Critical P is when:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 17


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Compressed Beam
    The problem is similar to the previous one. However, unlike the single degree of freedom
    compressed column, here exists two degrees of freedom attached to two springs of equal
    constant. The beam will buckle in the lowest of the two mode shapes (b) or (c).

    The small displacement the load P moves left is :

    Work done by load is:

    Strain Energy of the springs (of constant beta) is:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 18


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Compressed Beam
    The potential energy of the system is then:

    Minimum Potential Energy:

    In matrix form:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 19


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Compressed Beam
    For a non-trivial solution, the determinant of the matrix
    shall be zero:

    Simplify:

    Two critical loads are obtained:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 20


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Flexural Buckling
    In previous discussions of bar and spring systems, by studying the slightly deformed configuration.
    Displacements were related to the deformed configuration in a straightforward manner by the use of
    trigonometry. Therefore, the strain energy was easily calculated by considering displacements at
    springs location. Also, the work was easily established by considering displacement at the point of
    load application. However, in the case of continuous systems such as the flexural buckling of a
    column, the problem get a little complicated.
    Assumed Deformed Configuration:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 21


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Flexural Buckling cont.
    Displacement of load P:

    Displacement Calculated:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 22


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Flexural Buckling cont.
    Work done by load P:

    Strain energy of bending moment:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 23


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Flexural Buckling cont.
    Critical load is when:

    It can be shown that the critical load is exact if the assumed deformed shape
    is:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 24


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Flexural Buckling cont.
    The deformed shape can generally be expressed as a combination of sin
    functions with general coefficients:

    ◦ + + =

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 25


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Flexural Buckling cont.
    For the same problem let us assume the general a general form of:

    Displacement of Load is then (knowing that ):

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 26


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Flexural Buckling cont.
    The work done by force P:

    Strain energy due to bending:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 27


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    I. Buckling Phenomena – Flexural Buckling cont.
    Potential Energy is then:

    Choice of coefficients must be such that is a minimum:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 28


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates
    To study the problem of the buckling of simply supported plates under shearing forces. It is
    insightful to investigate the source causing compression forces. Recall that an element under
    pure shear is in reality under compression and tension stresses (principle stresses) when looked
    at from transformed coordinates..

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 29


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    To obtain the critical shear force, we first assume a deformed shape function.

    + + =

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 30


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    Recall that the work done by shear forces along edges:

    Where:

    However, for pure shearing , then work simplifies to:

    Also, recall that the bending strain energy is:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 31


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    To evaluate the integrals of work and strain energy, we have to calculate
    the partial derivatives of the assumed deformed configuration :

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 32


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    Work done is therefore:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 33


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    Strain energy can be derived similarly:

    Terms in the second bracket cancel out, U is then:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 34


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    The potential energy is:

    Denoting:

    The energy is then of the from:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 35


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    Coefficients must be such that:

    Noting that (m+p) and (n+q) are odd numbers, then:

    We get two systems of equations. The even ones were shown to be


    accurate for shorter plates (a/b <2), while the odd equations are suited for
    longer plates.

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 36


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    Each term in thee table is obtained by substituting corresponding n,m,p,q
    in:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 37


    Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    Using only the two even equations system, we obtain:

    In martrix form:

    For a non-trivial solution, the determinant must be zero:

    Solving for lambda:


    Or

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 38


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    Solving for the critical shear force S in:

    Critical shear stress is:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 39


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    Recall that:

    Substitute for negative and positive values of lambda in matrix:

    Expanding

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 40


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    II. Buckling of Plates cont.
    After expanding we obtained:

    Or

    Substituting coefficients in the assumed deflection shape :

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 41


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    III. Example

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 42


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    III. Example cont.
    Find the critical shear stress that a plate with the following properties can
    sustain:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 43


    4.Buckling of Plates by Shearing Forces
    III. Example cont.
    Substituting in the derived equation:

    Deflection shape for the two modes:

    THIN-WALLED STEEL STRUCTURES CES555 BENDING AND BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES 44

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