REVIEWER IN CRI 010 (MOD 1-7)

Bachelor of Science In Criminology

Is a 4 years course college degree
It’s the study of crime and criminals behavior
DILG ACT OF 1990
An act establishing the PNP, BJMP, BFP
The exact date is December 13 1990
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (Function)
To maintain the peace and orders
To prevent and investigate crimes and bring offender to justice
RA 8551 PNP reform and reorganation
RA 9708
An act extending for 5 yrs at the regular lementary period
BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION (Function)
To prevention and suppression of all destructive fire on Houses,
Building, Other structures, Forest, and Land Transportation
Vehicle
Fire Code of The Philippines (P.D 1185)
BJMP created by RA 6975
BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY (Function)
Clients are detainees accused before a court who are temporarily
confined in such jails while undergoing investigation, waiting final
judgement and those are serving sentences promulgated by the
court 3 years below
BJMP is under of R.A 6975
4 MAJOR AOF REHABILITATION PROGRAM
Livelihood Projects
Educational and Vocational Training
Recreation and Sports
Religious/Spiritual Activities
NULLUM CRIMEN NULLA POENA SINE LEGE
There is no crime if there is no law describes and punishing it
CRIMINOLOGY
Derived from the Latin Word CRIMEN means OFFENSE
LOGOS or LOGIA means to STUDY
The body of knowledge regarding crime as a social phenomenon
CRIMINOLOGIA by RAFFAELE GAROFALO (ITALIAN)
CRIMINOLOGIE by PAUL TOPINARD (FRENCH)
THE 4 PRINCIPLE DIVISIONS OF CRIM
 SOCIOLOGY OF LAW – scientific analysis of the condition under the
criminal law influences society
CRIMINAL ETIOLOGY – the study of causes or reasons for crime
PENOLOGY – repressing activities through the fear of of punishment
CRIMINALISTICS – collection, identification and physical evidence
at the crime scene
Penology is from the word POENA means Suffer/P
ain/Punishment
CRIMINAL LAW
Under the ACT 3815
Revised pend code book 1 &2
LOCARD’S EXCHANGE PRINCIPLE
In every contacts leave a trace
CESARE LOMBROSO
FATHER OF CRIMINOLOGY
FOUNDER OF CRIMINAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Biological approach
3 TYPES OF CRIMINAL BASED ON CESARE
Atavistic – born criminal
Insane Criminals
Criminaloids – criminal by passion/ habitual/ geological
RAFFAELE GAROFALO
Italian nobleman, senator, magistrate, professor of law
Moral anomalies
ENRICO FERRI
Moral responsibility
Sociological Approach
AIMS THE STUDY OF CRIM
To understand crimes and criminals
To prevent the occurrence of crime

3 SCOPE OF CRIM
The making of law
The breaking of laws
The reaction towards the breaking of laws

3 MULTI DISCIPLINARY STUDY OF CRIM

Sociology (sociological criminology) – Study of the group of people
and society as whole
 Psychology (psychological criminology) –behavior and mental
process of the criminal
Psychiatry (psychiatric criminology) – study of criminal behavior
in terms of motives and drives
SALIENT PROVISIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT 11131
The Philippines criminology act of 2018
APPLIED SCIENCE
Natural science, anthropology, psychology, sociology
SOCIAL SCIENCE
Creation of the society and that it exists in a society
DYNAMIC
Criminology changes as social conditions change
NATIONALISTIC
Study of crime must always conform to the existing criminal law of
the land
LAW
Rule of conduct and made obligatority to the legimate authority
CRIMINAL LAW
Branch or definition of law which defines crimes
GENERAL
The law is binding to all person who live or sojourn in the
Philippines
TERRITORIAL
The law is binding to all crimes committed within the National
Territory of th Philippines
PROSPECTIVE
Criminal law cannot make an act punishable in a manner
MAIN APPROACHES IN THE EXPLANATION OF CRIME
Objective Approach – explain the terms of factors extraneous to
the offender which are social,sociological, cultural and economic
Subjective Approach - explain the terms of factors within criminal
physical, biological and mental traits
DIFF. APPROACHES IN THE EXPLANATION OF CRIME (12)
Biological approach – proposes that human beings commit crime
Causal approach – study of the causal link that exists between the
defendant’s action and plaintiff’s injury
Deficient in Probity Approach – criminals deficient in probity
 Descriptive approach – it describe the phenomenon of crime and
those who commit it
Organically Inferior human traits Approach - this study was
carried by Eavert A. Hootan and William H. Sheldon, Hootan stated
that criminals are organically inferior
Economic Approach - It studies external economic factors
Endemic Approach - It studies those factors that arise from local
conditions or belong to a particular period of the year, or the
specified area that make a man criminal.
Environmental Approach - It seeks to explain the phenomenon of
criminal behavior
Functional Psychosis Approach - As to mental quality an offender
is either normal or abnormal
Organic Psychosis Approach - General paralysis of the insane
Heredity and Criminal Families Approach
Individualistic Approach - It focuses its attention on the
biological, mental and other characteristics of the offender
Physiological Approach - It is an approach to criminology made by
endocrinologists
Social Approach - Man may live in isolation but generally he lives
in society.
Therapeutic Approach - This approach is of recent origin. It
considers the criminal as a victim of circumstances
Twin Research Approach - Violent due to environmental influences
as prejudices of honor, politics and religion, approach.
OTHER APPROACHE IN THE STUDY OF THE EXISTENCE OF CRIME (10)
Biological - it believes that criminal behavior is inherited or
identified through physical characteristics of criminals
Psychiatric – it believes that crime is caused by mental diseases
and mental disorders
Psychological- it believes that crime is caused by behavioral
disorders
Sociological- it believes that crime is a result of social factors
Geographical- it believes that location of a person triggers
criminal behavior
Demographical- it believes that population's composition has a
relationship in the existence of criminality
Epidemiological- it believes that crime is transmitted within the
population
Ecology- studies criminality in relation to competition, social
discrimination
Economic- explains about the relationship of criminality based on
the distribution of wealth or resources in the community
Victimology- studies the role of the victim in the crime
DEMONOLOGY THEORY
POSSESS DEMON OR DEVIL
SCHOOL OF THOUGHT IN CRIM (FOCUS IN CRIME)
 1. CLASSICAL SCHOOL
free will
responsible/criminal responsibility
A. CESARE BECCARIA
Essay on “crimes & punishment”
Death penalty and torture (abolished)
Deterrence
Specific deterrence (criminal)
General deterrence
3 ELEMENTS OF DETERRENCE
1. It must be swift
2. It must be severe
3. It must be certain
B. JEREMY BETHAM
1. THEORY OF HEDONISM – man seeking pleasure to avoid pain
2. UTILITARIAN – usefulness
HUMAN CALCULATORS (FELICIFIC CALCULUS)
Weigthing between pain and pleasure

2. NEO- CLASSICAL SCHOOL

Children (15 below)\
Lunatics (mental state)
Mc Naughten rille and durham rule
3. POSITIVIST SCHOOL (FOCUS IN CRIMINAL)
August Comte (FATHER OF MODERN CRIMINOLOGY)
Two way in explaining crime
1. POSITIVISM – scientific knowledge techniques
2. DETERMINISM – all events including crime had sufficient
causes