Translated from English to Chichewa - www.onlinedoctranslator.

com

Mavuto Amakono mu
Kutsatsa

Phunziro 3
Kudalirana kwa mayiko

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Zolinga za Maphunziro

• Kuti timvetse zotsatira za kudalirana kwa mayiko.

• Kukambilana pa nkhani zamalonda zamakono zokhudzana ndi
kudalirana kwa mayiko.

•05/09/2022

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Kodi Kugwirizana kwa Dziko Lonse N'kutani?

• Kudalirana kwa mayiko: Zomwe zikuchitika pakudalirana kwakukulu

pazachuma, chikhalidwe, ndale, ndi luso laukadaulo pakati pa
mabungwe amayiko ndi zachuma.
• Makhalidwe azachuma padziko lapansi kuti akhaleopanda malire ndi
zolumikizidwa.
• Kudalirana kwa mayiko kumatanthauza kuti makampani amatha
kupikisana kulikonse, kutengera zinthu zawo zopangira kapena
kafukufuku ndi chitukuko (R & D) kulikonse komwe angapange
zinthu zawo kulikonse.
• Globalization imadziwika ndidenationalization
• Kudalirana kwa mayiko ndi kosiyana ndiinternationalization

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Kodi kudalirana kwa mayiko ndi chiyani?

Kusuntha kwapadziko lonse kokhudza zachuma, zachuma, malonda, ndi kulumikizana

kuphatikiza (www.businessdictionary.com )
Ndi njira yolumikizirana ndi kuphatikizana pakati pa anthu, makampani, ndi maboma
amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zimayendetsedwa ndi malonda apadziko lonse ndi
ndalama, mothandizidwa ndi ukadaulo wazidziwitso.
http://www.globalization101.org/what-is-globalization/

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Mbiri Yachidule ya Kugwirizana kwa Dziko Lapansi

• Ofufuza ngati Columbus ndi Vasco da Gama anadutsa

panyanja kufunafuna maiko atsopano ndi kukhazikitsa
maulalo amalonda nawo.
• Kusintha kwa mafakitale mu 19thzaka zana inali imodzi mwa nthawi
zazikulu m'mbiri ya kudalirana kwa mayiko. Chifukwa chakusintha
kwa mafakitale, panali zinthu zabwino kwambiri komanso
kuchuluka kwa zinthu. Izi zimatsogolera kuzogulitsa kunja
kwambiri komanso ubale wabwino wamalonda ndi bizinesi.
• Chifukwa cha malonda abwino ndi utsamunda, mayiko
ambiri padziko lonse lapansi adakhala ogula msika waku
Europe ndi US. Gawo la preglobalisation mwina linatha
pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse.

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Kudalirana kwa mayiko mu Nyengo Yamakono

• Kugwirizana kwa mayiko, m'nthawi yamakono, kunakhalapo pambuyo pa

nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse.

• Atsogoleri adziko lapansi amaphwanya malire pofuna kulimbikitsa

mgwirizano wamalonda pakati pa mayiko. Maiko monga India, Sri
Lanka, Malaysia, Indonesia komanso mayiko ochepa ku South
America adalandira ufulu wodzilamulira.
• Zotsatira zake, maikowa adayamba kukhala nawomwini chuma
dongosolondi kukhazikitsidwa mgwirizano wamalondandi
dziko lonse lapansi.

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Globalisation…Chitukuko

• Kukhazikitsidwa kwa bungwe la United Nations Organisation (UNO) kunalinso gawo

lalikulu polimbikitsa kulimbikitsana kwamakono kwa Globalisation.

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Kusokoneza Malire

Bungwe la World Trade Organisation (WTO) ndi Free

Trade Areas (FTA):
• Mgwirizano wa Zamalonda Wachigawo

• Mgwirizano wamayiko aku Ulaya

• Mgwirizano wa Ufulu Wamalonda waku North

America (NAFTA)

• Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Globalisation…Chitukuko

• Chinthu chinanso chofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya kudalirana kwa mayiko ndi

kukhazikitsidwa kwa World Trade Organization (WTO) yomwe inachititsa kuti
pakhale nsanja yofanana kuti athetse mikangano yamalonda ndi malonda.

• WTO ndi yapadziko lonse lapansibungwekulimbana ndi malamulo a

malondapakati pa mayiko.
• Mtengo WTOmapangano, kukambirana ndi kusainidwa ndi ambiri a
malonda a dzikomayiko ndi kuvomerezedwa mu ma Parliament awo.

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Kukwera kwa Global Standard

• Technical Standard
• Quality Standard - ISO 9001:2000, ISO14000

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Globalizing Economy

Rise of Global Chatsopano

Kutsatsa
Standard Opikisana nawo

Intaneti &
Kupatukana
Malire
GlobalizingG Zambiri
Zamakono
chuma

Makampani
Kukula
Padziko lonse lapansi
Social
Trade &
Zogulitsa/ Udindo
Investment
Makasitomala ndi Ethics

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Globalization of Production

• Imapeza katundu ndi ntchito zina kuchokera

kumadera omwe amasankha padziko lonse lapansi
• Amapanga ukonde wapadziko lonse lapansi wa
othandizira ngati gwero la mpikisano
• Amasankha "komwe angapangire" kutengera a
zinthu za dziko
• Ntchito, malo, ndalama, mphamvu, ukatswiri

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Kodi ndi zotani zomwe IKEA ndi Boeing
adapanga kudzera munjira zawo
zapadziko lonse lapansi?

Momwe makampani awa

kupeza mpikisano
ubwino kudzera
kusaka kwake padziko lonse lapansi?

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Globalization of Production

Ubwino wa Globalization of Production

• Pezani ogwira ntchito otsika mtengo

• Kupeza ukatswiri waukadaulo

• Pezani zolowetsa zopanga

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Globalization of Markets

Ubwino wa Globalization of Markets

• Kukwezeleza malonda aulere ndi malonda

• Amachepetsa ndalama zogulitsira ndi zoyendera
• Amapanga mwayi watsopano wamsika
• Mipingo ya ndalama zosagwirizana
• Zofuna za ogula m'deralo

• Kukhazikika kwapadziko lonse

• Kuphatikiza zikhalidwe ndi miyambo

m'maiko onse

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Zopanga Zamakono

E-bizinesi (E-malonda)

E-mail ndi Videoconferencing.

Intaneti

Ma Intranets a Kampani ndi Extranets

Zotsogola za Transportation
Tekinoloje

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Global Products/ Makasitomala

Kodi zinthu zoperekedwa ndi McDonald's, Toyota ndi Boeing ndizofanana

mosasamala kanthu komwe zimagulitsidwa padziko lapansi?

• Kukula kwa zosowa za makasitomala padziko lonse lapansi, mtundu watsopano

wa makasitomala akuwonjezeka.

• Zambiri zimapezeka kwaulere popanga zisankho.

• Njira zosiyanasiyana zogulira : e-commerce, etc.

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Mphamvu Zoyendetsa Kugwirizana kwa
Padziko Lonse Kuyeza Globalization

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Global Business Environment

• Mphamvu za kudalirana kwa mayiko

• Malo Amalonda Padziko Lonse

• Malo a Bizinesi Yadziko Lonse
• International Firm Management

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Zomwe Zimayambitsa Masiku Ano Padziko Lonse Lapansi

• Kuwonetseredwa kwa kudalirana kwa mayiko

• Kuchulukitsidwa kwa ntchito ya malonda a mayiko

• Kukula kofunika kwa FDI
• Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kugwirizana kwa Dziko Lonse

• Mfundo Zofunikira
• Zomwe Zimayambitsa Zachilengedwe Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kugwirizana kwa Dziko Lapansi

• Kugwirizana kwa mayiko ndi misika yomwe ikubwera

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Zomwe Zimayambitsa Masiku Ano Padziko Lonse Lapansi

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Masiku Ano Padziko Lonse Lapansi
 Zifukwa Zamakono Zakugwirizanitsa Padziko
Lonse: Strategic Imperatives

• Kugwiritsa ntchito luso lakampani

• Kupeza chuma pamtengo wotsika
• Kukula kukhala misika yatsopano
• Kupikisana ndi opikisana nawo pamakampani

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Zifukwa Zamakono Zakugwirizanitsa Padziko Lonse:
Zoyambitsa Zachilengedwe

• Kusintha kwa ndale

• Kuchepetsa zopinga za malonda ndi ndalama
• Kugwa kwa European Communism
• Kusintha kwamalingaliro ndi ndondomeko zomwe China ndi
India zimachita
• Kusintha kwa Zamakono Zamakono
• Kupita Patsogolo kwa Mayendedwe
• Kupititsa patsogolo Kukonza Mauthenga
• Kusintha kwa Zamakono Zamakono

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Zifukwa Zamakono Zakugwirizanitsa Padziko
Lonse: Globalization ndi Misika Yotuluka

Akubwera
Misika?

Osakwera
Mayiko a BRIC Big Ten Ndalama
Mayiko

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Zomwe Zimayambitsa Masiku Ano Padziko Lonse Lapansi

Kusintha kwa mtengo wa BRIC

Dziko la BRIC Zonse GDP yonse Ndalama pa

Chiwerengero cha anthu (mamiliyoni a US capita (ku US
(mamiliyoni) madola) madola)

Brazil 209 1,770 8,840

Russia 143 1,268 9,720

India 1,339 2,251 1,680

China 1,409 11,392 8,260

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Zomwe Zimayambitsa Masiku Ano Padziko Lonse Lapansi

Big Ten -anthu ambiri, zoyambira zazikulu zothandizira,

misika yayikulu, ndipo ndizopatsa mphamvu m'magawo
awo.

Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, South Africa,

Poland, Turkey, India, Indonesia, China,
ndi South Korea.

Momwe osewera apakati a Big Ten amayendetsa

kusintha kwakukulu padziko lonse lapansi?

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Kudalirana kwa mayiko - kusintha machitidwe / zovuta

- kuthetsa kapena kuchepetsa mitengo yamitengo, quotas,

monopolies m'nyumba

- onjezerani zotumiza kunja

- kulimbikitsa FDI
- sungani mabizinesi ndi zida zomwe zili ndi boma
- kuletsa misika yayikulu
- tsegulani misika yamasheya ndi ma bond
kuwongolera ndalama zakunja ndi umwini
- mabanki otseguka, njira zolumikizirana ndi telefoni
kukhala umwini wamba

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Kudalirana kwa mayiko - kusintha machitidwe / zovuta

- nzika zotha kusankha pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya

penshoni yomwe akupikisana nayo kuphatikiza
pension ndi mutual funds
- kusokoneza chuma pofuna kulimbikitsa mpikisano
wapakhomo
- kuthetsa katangale m'boma, katangale ndi ndalama
zothandizira

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Globalization ndi MNCs

Mabungwe amitundumitundu (MNCs) ndi bizinesi iliyonse

yomwe imakhala ndi ntchito zabwino m'maiko awiri kapena
kupitilira apo.

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Mikangano pa Ntchito ndi Malipiro Kulimbana ndi
Kugwirizana kwa Dziko Lapansi

Imathetsa ntchito mu
mayiko otukuka
Amachepetsa malipiro
mayiko otukuka
Imazunza antchito mu
mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Mikangano pa Ntchito ndi Malipiro
Za Globalization

• Kuchulukitsa chuma ndi kuchita bwino m'maiko onse

• Amapanga kusinthasintha kwa msika wa ntchito m'mayiko
otukuka
• Kupititsa patsogolo chuma cha mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza:
 Mkangano pa Kusafanana kwa Ndalama

Kusalingana Mkati • Kusiyana kwa malipiro pakati pa ntchito

Mayiko zapakhosi ndi buluu m'mayiko olemera

Kusalinganika • Kukulitsa kusiyana kwa kapezedwe ka ndalama

Pakati pa Mitundu pakati pa mayiko olemera ndi osauka

Kusalinganika kwapadziko lonse• Kuchulukitsa kusiyana kwa ndalama pakati pa

anthu onse adziko lapansi

Chidasinthidwa Komaliza: