Tarlac State University

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION

CENTER OF DEVELOPMENT
Lucinda Campus, Tarlac City
Tel. No. (045) 493-0182; Fax No. (045) 982-0110
Re-accredited Level IV by the Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities of the
Philippines (AACUP), Inc.

Detailed Lesson Plan | Mathematics 9

I. A. Content Standards
● The learner demonstrates understanding of the basic concepts of trigonometry.
B. Performance Standards
● The learner is able to apply the concepts of trigonometric ratios to formulate and solve
real-life problems with precision and accuracy.
C. Most Essentials Learning Competencies
● The learner illustrates angles of elevation and angles of depression.
● The learner uses trigonometric ratios to solve real-life problems involving right triangles.
D. Learning Competencies
Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to:
● 1.1. Define which angle represents an angle of depression and which angle represents an
angle of elevation.
● 1.2. Illustrate a diagram from a real-world problem involving angle of elevation or
depression
● 1.3. Use this diagram to help solve the problem.
● 2.1. Use the correct trigonometric ratios when solving problems.
II. Subject Matter
Topic: Right Triangle Trigonometry
Sub. Topic: Angle of Elevation and Angle of Depression
References: Grade-9-COMPENDIUM-OF-NOTES-G9-4th-Q
: Grade 9 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities Author/s, year,
pp. 449-452. ISBN 978-971-9978-40-4
Other References: youtube.com/watch?v=uyKvSe6Ltgs
youtube.com/watch?v=o8_i_Oj84as
youtube.com/watch?v=IiJV4IpqoEw

III. Procedures

Day 1

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Preparation
● Prayer
● Greetings
● Checking of Attendance

B. Review opposite
sin ( θ ) =
h ypotenuse
In our previous discussion, we are already done
with the 6 trigonometric ratio. Again what are adjacent
the 3 primary trigonometric ratios? cos ( θ ) =
h ypotenuse
How about the 3 secondary trigonometric
ratios?
 opposite
tan ( θ ) =
adjacent
h ypotenuse
csc ( θ ) =
opposite
h ypotenuse
sec ( θ ) =
adjacent
adjacent
cot ( θ ) =
opposite

C. Motivation

DIVISION OF LETTERS

(The learners will form three groups and

perform the said activity)

÷y
It is equal to DOWN

÷ GL

It is equal to UP

D. Presentation of the Lesson

The UP and DOWN is related to our lesson for

today which is the Angle of Elevation and
Angle of Depression

E. Lesson Proper

1. Angles of Elevation and Depression

Angle of Elevation
- An angle of elevation is the angle formed
by horizontal line and a line of sight to a
point above the line.

(Let the student read the definition of angle of

elevation)

In this illustration, AB is the horizontal line. 𝜃 is

the angle of elevation from the observer at A to
the object (airplane) at C.

Angle of Depression
- An angle of depression is the angle
formed by a horizontal line and a line of
sight to a point below the line.

In this illustration, what segment is the

horizontal line? And what will be the angle of
elevation?

(Let the student read the definition of angle of

depression)
PROBLEM SOLVING: Angles of Depression
and Elevation
Step 1: Draw a triangle to the fit problem.
Step 2: Label the sides from angle’s view.
Step 3: Identify trigonometric ratio to use.
PQ is the horizontal line. 𝜃 is the angle of
Step 4: Set up the equation.
depression from the observer at P to the object
Step 5: Solve for the unknown. (cat) at R.

Step 6: Conclusion

Example:
1. The angle of elevation of the top of an
electric post at a point 3 meters away
from its base is 65°. How high is the
electric post?

Step 1: Draw this triangle to the fit problem.

 Step 2: Label the sides from angle’s view.

2. A ladder 8 meters long leans against the Step 3: Identify trigonometric ratio to use.
wall of a building. If the foot of the
opposite
ladder makes an angle of 68° against the tan tan ( θ )=
adjacent
ground, how far is the base of the ladder
from the wall to the nearest meters? Step 4: Set up the equation.
h
tan tan ( 65° ) =
3
Step 5: Solve for the unknown.
h
tan tan ( 65° ) =
3
h=3( tan tan ( 65 ° ))
h=6.4335 meters
Step 6: The electric post is 6.43 meters.

Step 1: Draw this triangle to the fit problem.

Step 2: Label the sides from angle’s view.

 Step 3: Identify trigonometric ratio to use.
adjacent
cos cos ( θ )=
h ypotenuse
3. The angle of depression of a boat from
the top of a tower on the ground is 60. If Step 4: Set up the equation.
the vehicle is away from the building at
d
a distance of 100 meters, find the height cos cos ( 68° ) =
of the tower.
8
Step 5: Solve for the unknown.
d
cos cos ( 68° ) =
8
d=8(cos cos ( 68° ) )
h=2.9967 meters
Step 6: The base of the ladder is 2.9967 meters
away from the wall.

Step 1: Draw this triangle to the fit problem.

Step 2: Label the sides from angle’s view.

Step 3: Identify trigonometric ratio to use.

opposite
tan tan ( θ )=
adjacent
Step 4: Set up the equation.
 h
tan tan ( 60° ) =
100
Step 5: Solve for the unknown.
h
tan tan ( 60° ) =
100
4. From a hot air balloon that is flying at a h=100(tan tan ( 60° ))
height of 100 ft., the angle of depression
of a person on the ground is 30 degrees. h=173.2051meters
Find the length of the rope that is tied
from the person on the ground to the Step 6: The height of the tower is 173.2051
balloon. meters.

Step 1: Draw this triangle to the fit problem.

Step 2: Label the sides from angle’s view.

Step 3: Identify trigonometric ratio to use.

opposite
sin sin ( θ )=
h ypotenuse
Step 4: Set up the equation.
100
sin sin ( 30 ° )=
x
Step 5: Solve for the unknown.
100
sin sin ( 30 ° )=
x
( 30 ° ) ¿=100
x(sin sin ( 30 ° ) ) 100
=
sin sin ( 30 ° ) sin sin ( 30 ° )
100
x=
sin sin ( 30° )
100
x=
0.5
x=50 ft
Step 6: The rope is 50ft long.
Classify the events!

STAND – angle of elevation

CLAP TWICE – angle of depression.

1. A man is checking their antenna.

2. A girl saw a beautiful flower in the
garden.
3. A businessman is checking his
phone.
4. A couple went out for star gazing.
5. The captain of the ship is watching
the top of the light house. 1. (STAND)
2. (CLAP TWICE)
ACTIVITY TIME! 3. (CLAP TWICE)

Materials needed: Any length measuring 4. (STAND)

device and protractor.
5. (STAND)
Instruction:
1. On your chosen door at home, put a
string on the top of it, and diagonally
down to the ground.
2. Measure the distance from the string
on the floor to the bottom of your
door.
3. Measure the angle of elevation, the
floor is the horizontal line of sight.
4. Follow the steps in solving the
height of your door to the nearest
hundredths.
5. After finding the height of the door,
measure the door directly.
(The student will perform this task while their
6. Make sure to document the process. camera is open)

F. Application
(After the allotted time given to the students to
answer, the teacher will ask random students to
show their answer on the board.)
1. In basketball court the free-throw line
from the basketball hoop is
15ft(180inches) and the basketball hoop
is 10ft(120inches) from the ground.
Lebron James is taking a shot from the
free-throw line and his height is
6’9’’(81inches). What will be the angle
formed between his eyesight parallel to
the ground and eyesight to the
hoop(round off your answer to the
Step 1: Draw this triangle to the fit problem.
nearest hundredths)?? What will be the
distance of his eyesight to the hoop
(round off your answer to the nearest
ones)?

Step 2: Label the sides from angle’s view.

120inches – 81 inches = 39 inches

Step 3: Identify trigonometric ratio to use.

opposite
tan tan ( θ )=
adjacent
Step 4: Set up the equation.
39
tan tan ( θ )=
180
Step 5: Solve for the unknown.
39
tan tan ( θ )=
180
39
θ=tan −1( )
180
 θ=12.26 °
Step 6: The angle formed is 12.26 ° .

Solution for the value of x.

(student can use sine, cosine, or pythagorean
theorem)
39
sin sin ( 12.26 ° )=
x
39
x=
sin sin ( 12.26° )
x=183.66 inc h es
¿ x=184 inc h es

180
cos cos ( 12.26° ) =
x
180
x=
c o s cos ( 12.26 ° )
x=184.20
¿ x=184 inc h es

2 2 2
2. The angle of elevation of the top of c =a + b
Grand Hyatt Manila at a point 116
c= √39 +180
2 2
meters away from its base is 70° . How
high is the tallest building in the c= √1521+32400
Philippines?
c= √ 33921
c=3 √ 3769
c ≈ 184.18
¿ c=184 inc h es
The distance of the hoop to the eyes of Lebron
James is 184 inches.

Step 1: Draw this triangle to the fit problem.

Step 2: Label the sides from angle’s view.

 Step 3: Identify trigonometric ratio to use.
opposite
tan tan ( θ )=
adjac e nt
Step 4: Set up the equation.
x
tan tan ( 70° ) =
116
3. From the top of Burj Khalifa, a tourist
Step 5: Solve for the unknown.
observed 80° angle of depression to his
parked car. He parked the car 146 x
tan tan ( 70° ) =
meters away for the tallest building in 116
the world. How high it is?

x=tan tan ( 70° )( 116)

x=318.7074 meters
Step 6: The Grand Hyatt is 318.7074 meters tall.

Step 1: Draw this triangle to the fit problem.

Step 2: Label the sides from angle’s view.

 Step 3: Identify trigonometric ratio to use.
opposite
tan tan ( θ )=
adjacent
Step 4: Set up the equation.
x
tan tan ( 80 ° )=
146
Step 5: Solve for the unknown.
x
tan tan ( 80 ° )=
146

x=tan tan ( 80 ° ) (146)

x=828.0071 meters
Step 6: The Burj Khalifa is 828.0071 meters
tall.

G. Generalization
To sum up the lesson for the day, without
looking at your notes.
- An angle of elevation is the angle formed
by horizontal line and a line of sight to a
point above the line.
What is angle of elevation?

- An angle of depression is the angle

formed by a horizontal line and a line of
What is angle of depression? sight to a point below the line.

In today’s lesson what values have you learned? I have experienced meaningful learning and
have gained a deep understanding of the topic. I
accurately answered the questions during
the discussion because I was being attentive
and cooperative the whole time.

IV. Evaluation

Solve the following problems.

1. An escalator has an angle of elevation of 10° and a vertical rise of 6m. Find the length of the
escalator.
2. From a point on the ground 12 ft from the base of a flagpole, the angle of elevation of the top of
the pole measures 53°. How tall is the flagpole?
 3. A 14 foot ladder is used to scale a 13 foot wall. At what angle of elevation must the ladder be
situated in order to reach the top of the wall?

V. Assignment
A. Solve the following problem.
1. A person stands at the window of a building so that his eyes are 12.6 m above the level ground.
An object is on the ground 58.5 m away from the building on a line directly beneath the person.
Compute the angle of depression of the person’s line of sight to the object on the ground.
2. A boy is standing at some distance from a 30 m tall building and his eye level from the ground is
1.5 m. The angle of elevation from his eyes to the top of the building increases from 30° to 60° as
he walks towards the building. Find the distance he walked towards the building.

B. Read about Law of Sines and Cosines.

Prepared by:
Kenlar S. Samoy
Student Teacher

Checked by:

Amelia A. Bondoc
Cooperating Teacher

Remedios Rosales
Cooperating Teacher

Approved:

Lydia L. Bustos
HT – VI, Math Department

Noted:

Yolanda M. Gonzales, EdD

Principal IV