A hub is a basic networking device that connects multiple devices and broadcasts all data to all connected devices, which can lead to network congestion. A switch connects devices through packet switching and only sends data to the destination device based on its MAC address, improving performance. A router connects different networks and routes data between them using logical IP addresses, acting as a gateway. It operates at the network layer and can connect different network types like wired and wireless networks.
A hub is a basic networking device that connects multiple devices and broadcasts all data to all connected devices, which can lead to network congestion. A switch connects devices through packet switching and only sends data to the destination device based on its MAC address, improving performance. A router connects different networks and routes data between them using logical IP addresses, acting as a gateway. It operates at the network layer and can connect different network types like wired and wireless networks.
A hub is a basic networking device that connects multiple devices and broadcasts all data to all connected devices, which can lead to network congestion. A switch connects devices through packet switching and only sends data to the destination device based on its MAC address, improving performance. A router connects different networks and routes data between them using logical IP addresses, acting as a gateway. It operates at the network layer and can connect different network types like wired and wireless networks.
A hub is a basic networking device that connects multiple devices and broadcasts all data to all connected devices, which can lead to network congestion. A switch connects devices through packet switching and only sends data to the destination device based on its MAC address, improving performance. A router connects different networks and routes data between them using logical IP addresses, acting as a gateway. It operates at the network layer and can connect different network types like wired and wireless networks.
REPORT KARBALA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF CS&IT IT DEPARTMENT STUDENT:YOUSF MOHAMMED TO: DR. ZAID NASRALLA Subject:Comparison of network devices HUB In a network, a hub is a central device that connects multiple devices together, allowing them to communicate with each other. Hubs operate at the physical layer (layer 1) of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model and are responsible for transmitting data between devices on a network. HUB HOW DO WORK:Hubs work by receiving incoming data signals from one device and then broadcasting that data signal out to all other connected devices. This means that all data transmitted through the hub is seen by all connected devices, regardless of whether the data is intended for them or not. HUB Hubs were commonly used in the past to connect devices in local area networks (LANs), but they have largely been replaced by more advanced network devices like switches and routers. This is because hubs do not offer any form of intelligent traffic management or filtering, which can result in network congestion and poor performance. HUB • Types of network hubs • Active hubs repeat and strengthen incoming transmissions. They are also sometimes referred to as repeaters • Passive hubs simply serve as a point of connectivity, without any additional capabilities. HUB SWITCH • A switch is a networking device that connects devices on a computer network by using packet switching to forward data to its destination. When a device sends data to another device on the network, the switch forwards the data directly to the destination device instead of broadcasting it to all devices on the network. SWITCH • HOW DO WORK : Switches operate at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model and use MAC addresses to identify devices on the network. When a device sends data to another device, the switch looks up the destination MAC address in its MAC address table and forwards the data to the correct port connected to the destination device. SWITCH • A network switch can work in three ways: • Edge switches, also known as access switches: They handle traffic entering and departing the network. Edge switches link various devices, including personal computers and access points. • Aggregation switches: Switches for aggregation or dissemination are located within an optional intermediary layer. These connect to edge switches, which may transmit traffic from one switch to another or up to the core switches. • Core switches: The network’s backbone is made up of these switches. Core switches link edge or aggregation switches, device or consumer edge networks to networks at data centers, and routers to organizational LANs. SWITCH • Uses of a Network Switch • 1. Make a connection with several different hosts • 2. Offload network traffic • 3. Optimize LAN bandwidth • 4. Populate the MAC address table • 5. Enable MAC filtering and other access control features SWITCH ROUTER • A router is a networking device that connects multiple networks together and routes data packets between them. It acts as a gateway between two or more networks and is responsible for forwarding data packets between them. ROUTER • Routers operate at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model and use logical addressing (such as IP addresses) to determine the best path for data to travel between networks. They can connect networks of different types, such as wired and wireless, and can also provide network security through features such as firewalls and virtual private networks (VPNs). ROUTER • In home and small business networks, a router is typically used to connect the local network to the internet, allowing multiple devices to share a single internet connection. Routers can also be used in large enterprise networks to manage traffic between multiple subnets and to provide redundancy and fault tolerance. ROUTER • types of routers • Wireless router • Wired router • Core router • Edge router • Virtual router ROUTER
