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    Week 21 - SDL Preview Questions

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    AAMNA HAROON
    This document provides a preview of questions for a gross anatomy exam on the structures of the head and neck. It focuses on the triangles and fascial spaces of the neck, the muscles and neurovasculature within these regions, and the endocrine glands including the thyroid, parathyroid and pituitary glands. Details include boundaries, contents, blood supply, innervation and histology of these structures as well as their embryological development.

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    Week 21 - SDL Preview Questions

    Uploaded by

    AAMNA HAROON
    41 views4 pages
    This document provides a preview of questions for a gross anatomy exam on the structures of the head and neck. It focuses on the triangles and fascial spaces of the neck, the muscles and neurovasculature within these regions, and the endocrine glands including the thyroid, parathyroid and pituitary glands. Details include boundaries, contents, blood supply, innervation and histology of these structures as well as their embryological development.

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    WEEK 21 - SDL PREVIEW QUESTIONS (1)

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    This document provides a preview of questions for a gross anatomy exam on the structures of the head and neck. It focuses on the triangles and fascial spaces of the neck, the muscles and neurovasculature within these regions, and the endocrine glands including the thyroid, parathyroid and pituitary glands. Details include boundaries, contents, blood supply, innervation and histology of these structures as well as their embryological development.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views4 pages

    Week 21 - SDL Preview Questions

    Uploaded by

    AAMNA HAROON
    This document provides a preview of questions for a gross anatomy exam on the structures of the head and neck. It focuses on the triangles and fascial spaces of the neck, the muscles and neurovasculature within these regions, and the endocrine glands including the thyroid, parathyroid and pituitary glands. Details include boundaries, contents, blood supply, innervation and histology of these structures as well as their embryological development.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    SDL SCOPE: Infrahyoid neck triangles, posterior and sub-occipital triangles: Endocrine glands of the head and neck:

    Development of endocrine glands of head and neck

    WEEK 21 PREVIEW QUESTIONS


    GROSS ANATOMY:

    1. Using a well-labelled diagram, illustrate the divisions of the neck into anterior and posterior triangles
    2. Using a well-labelled cross-sectional diagram, illustrate the fascial organization of the neck.
    3. State the layers and modifications of the deep cervical fascia
    4. Outline the following regarding the investing layer of the deep cervical fascia:
    a. Attachments:
    i. Proximal
    ii. Anterior
    iii. Posterior
    iv. Distal
    b. Structures enclosed:
    i. Muscles
    ii. Glands
    iii. Spaces
    iv. Triangles
    5. State the location and contents of the suprahyoid and infrahyoid neck spaces
    6. Describe the levels of organization of cervical lymph nodes
    7. State the following regarding the posterior triangle:
    a. Boundaries
    b. Sub-divisions
    c. Contents
    d. Origin, insertion, innervation and functions of the muscles of posterior triangle
    8. State the formation, course, communications and clinical relevance of the external and internal jugular
    veins
    9. State the boundaries and contents of the inter-scalene triangle.
    10. Outline the following regarding the nerve point:
    a. Location and associated nerves (Using a well-labelled diagram)
    b. Clinical relevance
    11. State the following regarding the sub-occipital triangle:
    a. Boundaries
    Compiled by Vincent Kipkorir and Beda Olabu –February2020
    SDL SCOPE: Infrahyoid neck triangles, posterior and sub-occipital triangles: Endocrine glands of the head and neck:
    Development of endocrine glands of head and neck
    b. Contents
    c. Origin, insertion, innervation and functions of the muscles of sub-occipital triangle
    12. State the origin, course, branches and the distribution of the following:
    a. Subclavian arterial system
    b. Phrenic nerve
    c. Spinal accessory nerve
    d. Supraclavicular portion of the brachial plexus
    13. State the following regarding the carotid triangle:
    a. Boundaries
    b. Contents
    c. Origin, insertion, innervation and functions of the muscles of carotid triangle
    d. Carotid sheath:
    i. Location
    ii. Formation
    iii. Contents
    14. State the origin, course, branches and the distribution of the following:
    a. Common carotid artery
    b. External carotid artery
    c. Vagus nerve
    15. State the following regarding the ansa cervicalis:
    i. Formation
    ii. Location
    iii. Distribution
    iv. Relations
    v. Clinical relevance
    16. Outline the following regarding the cervical sympathetic trunk:
    a. Formation
    b. Location
    c. Parts
    d. Relations
    e. Territory of supply
    f. Clinical presentation in Horner’s syndrome

    Compiled by Vincent Kipkorir and Beda Olabu –February2020


    SDL SCOPE: Infrahyoid neck triangles, posterior and sub-occipital triangles: Endocrine glands of the head and neck:
    Development of endocrine glands of head and neck
    17. State the location, innervation and functions of the carotid body and sinus
    18. State the following regarding the muscular triangle:
    a. Boundaries
    b. Contents
    c. Origin, insertion, innervation and functions of the muscles of muscular triangle
    19. Outline the following regarding the thyroid gland:
    a. Location
    b. Parts
    c. Arterial and venous blood supply
    d. Relations:
    i. Isthmus:
    1. Anteriorly
    2. Posterior
    3. Laterally
    4. Superiorly
    5. Inferiorly
    ii. Lobes:
    1. Anterolateral
    2. Posterior
    3. Medially
    4. Postero-laterally
    e. Lymphatic drainage
    f. Autonomic innervation
    20. Outline the following regarding the parathyroid gland:
    a. Location and number
    b. Parts
    c. Arterial and venous blood supply
    d. Relations
    e. Lymphatic drainage
    f. Autonomic innervation
    21. State the boundaries and contents of the vertebral triangle:

    Compiled by Vincent Kipkorir and Beda Olabu –February2020


    SDL SCOPE: Infrahyoid neck triangles, posterior and sub-occipital triangles: Endocrine glands of the head and neck:
    Development of endocrine glands of head and neck
    HISTOLOGY:

    22. List the salient features of endocrine glands.


    23. State the following regarding the pituitary gland:
    a. Histological organization:
    i. Neurohypophysis
    ii. Adenohypophysis
    b. Functions
    c. Hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract and portal system
    d. Cells types and secretions:
    i. Adenohypophysis:
    1. Chromophobes
    2. Chromophils:
    a. Acidophils
    b. Basophils
    ii. Neurohypophysis
    24. Discuss the role of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis in control of endocrine glands.
    25. State the following regarding the thyroid and parathyroid glands:
    a. Histological organization
    b. Cell types and secretions
    c. Functions

    EMBRYOLOGY:

    26. Outline the following regarding the thyroid, parathyroid and pituitary glands:
    a. Embryological sources
    b. Site
    c. Sequence
    d. Congenital anomalies and their embryological basis

    Compiled by Vincent Kipkorir and Beda Olabu –February2020

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