See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/326265769

Cloud Based Smart Energy Meter

Article · March 2018

CITATIONS READS

0 1,083

3 authors:

Sudhakar Hallur Roopa Kulkarni

Gogte Institute of Technology Dayananda Sagar Academy of Technology and Management
14 PUBLICATIONS   5 CITATIONS    22 PUBLICATIONS   39 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE

Prashant Patavardhan
RV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
52 PUBLICATIONS   215 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

Super Resolution and Recognition of Long Range Captured Iris Images View project

Cloud Based Smart Energy Meter using ARM View project

All content following this page was uploaded by Roopa Kulkarni on 19 May 2020.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

Cloud Based Smart Energy Meter

Sudhakar Hallur1, Roopa. R. Kulkarni2, Dr. P.P.Patavardhan3
1, 2
Asst Prof, Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering KLSGIT, Belagavi
3
Prof, Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering, KLSGIT, Belagavi.

Abstract:- LPC2148 is a very powerful system-on-chip • Auto-Disconnection on non-payment of bills within the
device belonging to the generation of the ARM 32-bit stipulated due time and reconnection after payment if
platform devices providing a lot new features and done after the stipulated due time.
flexibility to support single, two and three-phase • Authentication to a particular account via the user’s
metering solutions. Intercepting 2 terminals of the Account No and a password.
supply are connected 2 terminals to the Energy Meter
where the other two terminals are connected to the load B. Scope of the Work
for tapping the energy consumed by the load. The
tapping of the meter readings are being done with the Since the energy meter determines the energy consumption
help of the Voltage Sensor and a Current sensor. The of the domestic household appliances, it definitely has a
two results are combined for the calculation of the scope in the following sectors:
energy consumption. The bill generated and units • The individual energy utilization of a particular
consumed for a particular period is being intimated to appliance can be calculated.
the particular user and PC via a GSM module. The bill • Energy savings based on the utilization by the particular
is calculated according to the tariff plan charges and individual and diverting it as needed.
updated. The payment is being facilitated via a Web
• Forecasting the future energy desire based on the
Payment Portal using an A/c No and password. On a
statistics of prior utilization for the same purpose.
payment being made, a message is being triggered to the
• Statistical modeling of the data based on the energy
meter indicating bill paid and metering to be continued
consumed by the specific individual.
else a disconnection of the supply will result.
• Approximation of the usage of energy by an individual
Keywords:-ARM 7 (LPC 2148), Step Down Transformer, over various intervals of time and averaging it.
Voltage Sensor, Current Sensor, Opamp, Hall Effect Sensor, • Recording the statistics of energy utilization on a day to
ADC day basis and notifying.

I. INTRODUCTION C. Purpose of the Work

The very specific application of this embedded system The purpose of this project is to understand the statistics of
describes a single phase energy meter. The components the energy utilization by an individual or an organization
designed measures the active energy, current and potential such as to reduce the wastage or unnecessary utilization of
in a single-phase distributed environment. The main core electricity in situations like non-payment of bills, power
component of the energy meter is an ARM processor. theft, etc. Also the very purpose of this project is that to
reduce the manpower in case of disconnection and
Power meters are most of the times to be mentioned as reconnection of supply in case of non-payment of bills by
Energy Meters. Power may be defined as a product of the consumer and also during the bill generation. The
voltage and current which is usually required in order to statistics provide huge information regarding the usage of
perform a useful task. the energy. Also provides an alternate for the
electromechanical analog or digital meters which provide
A. Objectives approximate readings by providing more near-accurate
readings. Also the web portal interfacing provides an
There are various objectives to be met. Some of them accurate method in generation of bills based on the energy
involves in determining the following below. units received wirelessly. The online payment also
• Determining the load. I.e. 1-phase/3-phase. facilitates the auto continuation and discontinuation of the
supply based on the bill payment within a stipulated amount
• Energy Consumption per unit time.
of time duration.
• Generate bill as per tariff charges of the particular circle
and update it in the database.
• Intimate the customer by forwarding the bill generated
via SMS.

IJISRT18FB227 www.ijisrt.com 668

Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

II. LITERATURE SURVEY Zigbee [9][16][18], Wireless ARM board[10][12], Prepaid

meter[14], Power factor meter and Instrument
Various methods have been implemented for the Energy Transformer[19], along with billing is being discussed. The
Utilization and in most methods, there has been a way to implemented work makes used of various development
eliminate the magnetic induced rotational motion and boards such as ARM, Arduino, ATmega, 8051, etc. All of
replace the same using various sensors and Developmental the implemented work mainly aim at saving power.
boards by calibrating it via some programming language
used for coding purpose. Various papers propose the III. BLOCK DIAGRAM
automatic billing as per the energy consumed according to
the tariff plans of the particular circle. Automatic Energy The Energy meter is being installed on the customer end.
metering system with RFID limited range connectivity[1], The power calculations and the energy calculations are
wireless sensor networks[2], GSM[3][7][8][11][13][17], being done only at the customer side. The block diagram
Android Application[4], IoT with PLC modem and android depicting the energy meter is being shown in the figure
application[5][20], Theft Detection using ATMega[6][15], below.

Fig 1: Block Diagram at the Customer End

The functioning of each of the component of a block

diagram is as follows:

Initially the power lines are intercepted and are joined

according to the block diagram. The Current and the
Voltage are being sensed with respective transformers /
sensors. The signal obtained is conditioned and is being
given to the Analog to Digital Converter of ARM7. The
power calculation is being done based on the voltage and
current that is measured in the circuit due to variable load
connected. The energy calculation is done with respect to
the time for how much the electricity is being consumed by
the load. The power calculations and the energy calculations
are being done in the Microcontroller LPC2148. The
EEPROM keeps a backup of the energy when there is a
Fig 2: Utility Control Center (UCC)

IJISRT18FB227 www.ijisrt.com 669

Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

power cut such that the counting of the units can be resumed
from where it stopped after the power resumes. The Real
Time clock facilitates the calculation of the energy with
respect to real time. The stored energy in units is then sent to
the Utility Billing Center or the Server via a GSM Module
for the Bill Generation and the Payment Purpose. The circuit
breaker here is the relay circuit which facilitates
disconnection/ reconnection of supply based on the payment
made.The utility center lies at the electricity board end. The
energy computed at the customer end is being sent to the
UCC via a GSM module. This energy received is stored in a Fig 4. Voltage Sensing
database maintained. Block diagram depicting the UCC may
be as shown in the Fig 2 above. The working of each of the b) Voltage Sensing Circuit
component of the block diagram is as follows: The
information is being fetched from the table in the database. A Voltage detection sensor is being used for the voltage
The bill is being generated as per the existing tariff plans of sensing purpose. The voltage sensor has the input voltage
the particular circle. The notification of the bill generation is less than 16.5V +/- 0.5V whenever it is used with a
being intimated to the user via a GSM Module. The payment maximum output voltage of 3.3V. The voltage detection
facilitation is being done via the Web Portal itself where the sensor works on the 5V DC supply which can be taken from
customer needs to login for making a payment. The head of the 5V stable output of the 7805 Regulator. The Bridge
the board can also analyze the usage statistics of the user Wave Rectifier output can be given as follows:
based on the energy readings. VRMS = VIN. * 1.41
Given VIN = 12V, we get
IV. DESIGN VRMS = 12 * 1.41 = 16.92V

Before implementation of any circuit for the practical Fig 4 depicts the diagram of a voltage sensing circuit. The
purpose, the design of it is necessary. The design can be voltage available at the output is 2.4V from the voltage
broadly categorized into 2 parts: Hardware and Software sensing circuit.
Design.
c) Current Sensing Circuit
A. Hardware Design
A Current sensor (ACS712 – 20A) is being used for the
The hardware design involves the design of the voltage current sensing purpose. The current sensor has the
regulation circuit, voltage sensing circuit, current sensing sensitivity of varying about 100mV/A. This is being
circuit and relay. connected in series with the load which is in-turn connected
directly with the main line in series. The current sensor
a) Voltage Regulation Circuit works on the 5V DC supply which can be taken from the 5V
stable output of the 7805 Regulator. Figure 5 depicts the
One method is a 12-0-12 1A Transformer can be used for connections to a current sensor.
stepping down the voltage directly from 230V/50Hz to
about 12V/50Hz/1A. The output is rectified using bridge-
wave rectifier using 1N4007 diodes and 10μF capacitor for
the usage of it in electronic components. The figure below
depicts the voltage regulation circuit being connected to
7805 and 7812 voltage regulators respectively.

Fig 3.Voltage Regulation Circuit Fig 5.Current Sensing Circuit

IJISRT18FB227 www.ijisrt.com 670

Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

Fig 6. Differential Amplifier Circuit Fig 7.Differential Amplifier Circuit

When the current sensor ACS712 is being used with the DC

load, the readings can be directly measured from the output
pin. Whatever may be the input, the output always varies in
the range 0 to 5V. But when this current sensor is used with
AC load, the output needs to be filtered, conditioned and
amplified. Thus the conditioning or differential amplifying
circuit is being used. Fig 6 below depicts the differential
amplifier circuit whose design is as mentioned above.
Connecting each input to the 0V or ground and using the
superposition to solve for the output voltage. The transfer
function for the differential amplifier circuit is as following:

Summing point Va = Vb
Fig 8. Relay Circuit

d) The Relay

Figure 8 shows the general diagram of interfacing the relay

with any microcontroller. There are 2 input channels to the
relay. Each input of the relay is connected to their respective
triggering coil. Corresponding to the 2 inputs of the relays
are the 2 outputs. Energizing the input turns the relay ON
which in turn connects the “+” terminal to the Vcc and de-
energizing the input connects the “+” terminal to the ground
turning the relay OFF. The “-“ terminal is permanently
Considering the following values: R1 = R2 = R4 = 10KΩ grounded.
and R3 = 47KΩ. A 10KΩ potentiometer is being used at the
non-inverting terminal to adjust the voltage difference B. Software Design
available at the output. The input voltage at the
potentiometer is 5V. The voltage V2 is the input being The system needs software to be designed for the working
received from the current sensor output. A resistor 4.7KΩ is of the complete project. The software is categorized into 2
used at the output to step down the voltage. A 100nF separate parts:
capacitor is being used for the removal of any ripples • Code for the ARM Development board for the purpose
present in the output. This output is then given to the ARM. of Interfacing
Voltage V1 is set to 1.4V for proportional amplification of • Code for the Database Management System.
the input.The obtained output from the differential amplifier
isthen given to the ARM Board. Figure 7 below depicts the
differential amplifier circuit designed. a) Code for ARM Board

The source code development for the ARM board needs to

be separately designed for each of the interfacing modules.

IJISRT18FB227 www.ijisrt.com 671

Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

• Analog to Digital Conversion • Relay

The ADC of LPC 2148 is a 10-bit successive approximated The hardware design for the relay is being discussed in the
ADC. There are 2 ADC’s onboard ADC0 and ADC1. ADC0 previous section. The triggering part is being done by
has 6-Channels and ADC1 has 8 channels. The maximum developing a source code. The source code for relay is very
frequency supported by each ADC is 4.5MHz. ADC related simple. It can be either triggered by setting any one of the
pins are as mentioned below. LED on as LED_ON() and off by LED_OFF() where LED
ON() and LED_OFF() are 2 functions written to turn on and
off the LEDs. The relay trigger switch is being connected to
the extended bus of the LED pins.

• Serial Interfacing of the GSM SIM300 Modem

The SIM 300 module is interfaced using a serial port. Thus

the sending and receiving the data from the modem is via
AT commands. The serial registers such as U0THR
(Transmit Hold Register of UART 0) and U0RBR (Receive
Buffer Register of UART0) are being used for sending and
receiving the data from the GSM Module. TX and RX of the
port 0 are being used.

• LCD Interfacing
Table 1. ADC Related Pins in LPC2148
The LCD module is interfaced only to display the results
after the completion of the operation. The LCD module is as
shown in the fig 9. D0-D7 are data lines through which data
to be displayed can be sent. It can be written only when EN
is low. Based on Read or Write, R/W is set. Gnd and Vcc
are connected.

b) Code for DBMS

The DBMS involves the creation of the database, tables and

then the code for it. The DBMS is created using
PhPMyAdmin. The creation of the DB simply involves a
Fig 9. LCD Module
clicking on new, giving and name and clicking on Create.
Tables have to be created within the database. Click on New
ADCR is the control register used for controlling the Analog
and set the parameters. The parameters can be set using
to digital conversion. ADGDR is the Global Data register
different datatypes such as Int, Bigint, Char, Varchar, etc.
used for storing the converted Data. The bits that are set as
The data to be loaded or fetched from the database is done
follows:
using php language. The calculations are also done by
• ADCR (Control Register) : For controlling the ADC embedding the mathematical calculations into the php
• ADGDR (Global Data Register): For storing the data coding script. The designs for the HTML pages are done as
after conversion as it contains DONE bit. per the requirement.
• ADGSR (Global Start Register): For starting both the
ADC’s simultaneously. V. WORKING
• Real Time Clock A. Energy Consumption
Design of a RTC is a very important task since the bills and An Introduction message is being displayed initially and the
the payments are to be generated and received within the a message is being displayedindicating to press the switch.
stipulated time. The real time clock can be designed with the Pressing a switch initializes the Energy calculation. The
help the timer registers which is inturn based on the voltage and current sensor’s differential amplifier’s output is
38.92MHz click frequency. This clock period is very much being given to the ADC’s of the ARM board. The voltage
close to that of the real time normal clock. The registers sensor’s output is being provided to the P0.29/AD0.1 of the
programmed are as follows: CTIME0, MASKHR, ADC and the differential amplifier’s output (Current
MASKMIN and MASKSEC. The Time is automatically set Sensor’s output) is being given to the P0.28/AD0.2 of ADC
and then triggered and updated time to time. This RTC is 1. The 2 ADC’s are being used simultaneously since its very
being backup by a 3.3V battery. much needed for the power calculation. The power
calculation is done as shown below:

IJISRT18FB227 www.ijisrt.com 672

Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

Power = Current x Voltage x Power Factor Communication in between the GSM module with other
mobile phones occurs with the help of UART present on the
The power calculation is current driven and thus changing microcontroller board. Communication over UART or
the load always changes the current value. The voltage is USART requires 3 basic communication signals namely:
always constant with a value of 2.4V. The value of voltage RXD (Receive), TXD (Transmit) and GND (Common
is less than 3.2V which is the threshold value for the ADC’s Ground). Here, in this scheme, CTS and RTS signals of the
of the ARM board. Increase in the value of either current or serial port interface of GSM Modem are connected to each
voltage will lead to the damage of the ADC channels. The other. Fig 11 depicts the transmission of the message
time period is set for about 2 minutes. Now Energy is containing the energy consumed by the customer.
defined as the power calculated with respect to time. The
figure 10 below depicts a diagram of the calculation of
energy.

B. Calibration

Calibration plays a very important role here, since the

voltage and the current are being stepped down to their
proportional, they have to be again stepped up during the
calculations of the energy in units. The calibration can be
done as follows:
Fig 10.Energy Calculation
a) Voltage Calibration

Voltage in the circuit is being stepped down to 2.4V. The

actual voltage lies in the range of 230-240V. Assuming the
maximum voltage flows in for the domestic use, multiplying
the voltage by 100. Thus we get the original value of 240V.

b) Current Calibration

ARM board doesn’t understand the value of current when

measuring it, It instead measures the proportional voltage
generated for the current. Multiplying the voltage by some
constant value, the equivalent original current value is
obtained.
Fig 11.Tx of Message to the Server
c) Energy Calculations
The transmission is scheduled only after specified time
Energy is defined as the amount of the power utilized with duration. After the transmission of the energy consumed to
respect to time. Power is calculated by the server, the meter continues its metering and
simultaneously waits for the bill payment notification from
Power = Voltage x Current x Power Factor the server. The connection of the GSM Modem on the server
Energy = Power x Time side is being done via a RS232 DB9 cable. A timer runs in
i.e. E = [P.T (in hours) / 1000] KWh or units the background waiting for the bill payment within specific
duration. Upon the completion of timer, a disconnection in
Thus at the end of the time, the readings fetched and stored the supply occurs. Once the message is being successfully
in the ADGDR is being fetched, calculations are being done, delivered, a message is being displayed on the LCD
calibrated as per the original readings and are sent via GSM indicating the Message sent successfully. Also since the
which is being interfaced via a UART0. Also the Energy energy meter is waiting for the SMS, a message indicating
consumption in units and the successful message sent is “Waiting for Payment” is being displayed on the LCD. This
being displayed on the LCD for the user notification. is being displayed until the timer running in the background
elapses.
C. Serial Communication
D. Bill Generation
The calculated energy is being transmitted wirelessly using
GSM modem SIM 300. SIM300 module works on 12V/2A The energy consumed by the customer is being received on
but ARM LPC 2148 works on 3.3V, hence there is a need the server side. The data received on the server side is
for the logical conversion of the voltages between the 2 directly stored into the local database built for receiving the
devices. This logical conversion of voltages is done by data directly from the interfaced GSM Modem.The data
MAX232 IC present onboard of GSM modem. received via GSM module is directly sored into the

IJISRT18FB227 www.ijisrt.com 673

Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

database. The energy utilization is stored in the database for E. Payment Portal
the analysis purpose. The data stored is fetched and the first
term in the Energy Consumed is separated from the other The online payment is being facilitated on the local server.
terms since the 1st character is an Account number and the The user logs in with his account number and a password,
rest are the units consumed. proceeds for payment, enters all the banking details and then
submits the information. Based on the details entered by the
customer in the form, the details are validated and then the
payment transactions is completed. Once the Payment is
being completed, a message is being triggered to the user as
well as to the modem connected to the energy meter. The
bank details are updated simultaneously. Figure 14 depicts
the Payment Portal for the customer.

Fig 12. Storing in the Database F. Relay (Connection and Disconnection)

From the above figure 12, consider the units used are 2250. Once the payment is done by the customer, a message is
Here 2 is the customer account number and 250 are the being triggered by the portal to the ARM Board. This
energy units consumed by the customer. The separation is message is being sensed and based on the time elapsed, a
done in order to facilitate the updation of the bills to the specified action is being taken. If the time duration for the
particular user’s account since the account number is waiting of the payment has elapsed, the supply is
unique. Whenever bill generation occurs, the current meter reconnected or else if the time duration has not elapsed, it
reading is being replaced with the new units consumed, the continues metering for the next stipulated amount of time.
old meter reading is being replaced by the prior meter Fig 15 depicts the reception of the message containing the
readings in addition to prior month’s meter readings. The payment notification.
billing is done every stipulated time, according to the tariff
plan of the particular circle. Once the bill generation is
complete, a message is being triggered to the user intimating
him of the bill generated, cost and the due date.
Simultaneously the bill generated is being updated into the
database with respect to the user’s account number. Bill
updation in the user’s account may be as shown in the fig 13
below.

Fig 15.Reception of Payment Notification

Fig 13. Bill Updation in the User’s Account

Fig 16. Relay Interfaced with ARM Board

Based on the condition whether the payment notification is

received or no, there occurs a connection or disconnection
of the supply with the help of the relay circuit. If the bill
payment is done within the stipulated amount of time, the
metering continues for the next cycle of energy calculation
and if the bill is not paid within the stipulated time, there
Fig 14. Payment Portal occurs a disconnection in the supply and the energy

IJISRT18FB227 www.ijisrt.com 674

Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

metering stops. If the payment notification is received after • Inputs to the ARM board always need to be < 3.2V else
the disconnection of the supply, the connection restarts. there occurs a burnout of the ADC channels.
Once the timer waiting for the payment notification elapses, • Maintenance charges for the billing portal such as Bill
a message is being displayed on the LCD indicating “Bill Desk are expensive.
Not Paid, Power Cut” is being displayed and then the supply • Cloud purchase and maintenance charges are high.
is disconnected. If the payment notification is received
within time, then it continues metering for the next specified
duration. VII. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

G. Load Determination A. Results

Load determination is done by classifying the load into Some measurements are being observed with the
single phase and three phase. Since the voltage fed to the implemented Energy Meter. These experiments are being
ARM board is 2.4V from the voltage sensor, the voltage conducted to evaluate the correctness and working ability of
upto 2.4V is assumed as single phase and the voltage the system. The system designed was tested for various load
exceeding 2.4V is considered as 3 phase. This adjustment is and it was observed that it withstands upto wattage of about
done since the actual single phase voltage lies in the range 1.2KW which corresponds to about a proportional voltage
of 230V to 240V. Exceeding the 240V upto 440V is less than 3.2V of the as is also suitable to be used for the
considered as three phase. So the load determination is ARM Controller.
based on the threshold basis and the threshold is set as 2.4V.
Fig 17 below shows a picture depicting load determination. a) Tests on Voltage Measurement

The performance of the implemented prototype is being

measured or evaluated by comparing the actual voltage
readings obtained from the prototype with the standard
digital multimeter. Table 2 shows the voltage readings on
actual DMM and the readings obtained from the prototype.
Fig 17. Load Determination Relative error % is also being calculated.

VI. MERITS AND DEMERITS

A. Merits

There are lot advantages of the implemented work. Some of

the advantages are as mentioned below:
• Highly Reliable.
• Portable.
• Compatible.
• Reduces manpower for billing delivery and payment
reception purpose.
• User account details viewing and payment accessible at
the users place via Authentication.
• Automatic updation of bills and intimating the user at
specific time every month via GSM. Table 2.Comparison of Actual and Prototype V Readings
• User Energy Consumption can be easily analyzed.
• Specific discrete components can be easily replaced in
case of failure.
• Reset of the energy meter is possible in case of failure.

B. Demerits

The lesser the disadvantages, the efficient is the system.

Some of the disadvantages are:

• Though GSM is reliable for its network, sometimes

unavailability of the network poses a problem.
• Current sensor is magnetically isolated from other
components. Flow of electric current around it within
Fig 18. Graphical Representation of Voltage
few mm distances gives erroneous results.

IJISRT18FB227 www.ijisrt.com 675

Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

b) Tests on Current Measurement

The performance of the implemented prototype is evaluated

by comparing the actual current readings obtained from the
prototype with the standard digital multimeter. Table 3
shows the current readings on actual DMM and the readings
obtained from the prototype. Relative error % is also being
calculated.

Table 4.Comparison of Actual and Prototype E Readings

Table 3.Comparison of Actual and Prototype I Readings

Fig 20. Graphical Diagram of Energy Comparison

d) Bill Generation and Analysis

Based on the energy meter readings, the bill generation is

initiated whose accuracy is close to the actual meter
readings since the relative error in the measurement of the
energy, voltage and current is less than 1%. Also
measurements can be saved for the analysis purpose of the
amount of energy consumed by each customer with respect
to the billing period.

VIII. CONCLUSION

The design and the implementation of the desired energy

meter have been achieved. Each part and the section is being
carefully designed to meet the necessary requirements of
accuracy and bandwidth. The features included are
• Load Determination
Fig 19. Graphical Representation of Current • Energy Measurement
• Disconnection and Connection using relay based on bill
c) Tests on Energy Measurement payment.
• Payment facilitation via online web portal.
The consumed power with respect to time is called energy. • Online Bill Generation
The performance evaluation of the prototype is being done • User access via authentication module.
by comparing the readings obtained from the prototype to
• Energy Usage Analysis based on the user data in the
the actual readings obtained from the standard meters. The
database.
Energy measurements with different loads are being done.
Relative error (%) is also being measured.
The code development for the ARM 7 (LPC2148) done in C
language provides more flexibility such that any changes

IJISRT18FB227 www.ijisrt.com 676

Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

necessary can be made or any new feature required can be [6]. “IOT Based Smart Energy Meter Monitoring and Theft
added without tampering the current code since the code is Detection Using ATMEGA”, S.V. Anushree and T.
being developed in modules. The interfacing of the sensors Shanti, IJIRCCE, November 2016.
with the ARM board provide much flexibility for design as [7]. “ARM based Smart Single Phase Energy Meter with
such if a current sensor of higher range is to be replaced, it Automatic Bill Generation and SMS Alert”, Rohit
can be done easily. Similarly with the other components.The Upadhyay, A. Shreyas Raj Krishna, H.V.Gururaja Rao,
new energy measurement system will certainly decrease the IRF International Conference, May 2016.
wastage of time as compared to the conventional method of [8]. “GSM Based Automatic Energy Meter Reading System
getting the same results for the same time. Observing the with Instant Billing”, P. Divyeshwari, Prof. M..V.
results obtained, it can be concluded that the accuracy of the Ramanaiah, IJARI, November,2014.
voltage and current measurement is very high since the [9]. “An Embedded Electric Meter Using ARM, ZigBee and
relative error between the actual readings and the readings GSM”, Uday. K. Takte, A.V.Nikalje, IJIRCCE, June
obtained from the prototype is very less (Less than 1%). 2016.
[10]. “Design of Wireless ARM-Based Automatic Meter
The usage of the energy by a customer can be analyzed so Reading and Control System”, Chih-Hung Wu, Shun-
that electricity wastage can be avoided. Billing at the right Chien Chang and Yu-Wei Huang.
time and intimating the user and the time monitoring for the [11]. “Automatic Power Meter Reading System Using
payment of the bills facilitates the in-time connection and GSM Network”, H.G. Rodney Tan, C.H. Lee and V.H.
disconnection of the supply eliminating the manpower. The Mok, IPEC,2007.
maintenance of the user data is being done automatically on [12]. “Wireless ARM-Based Automatic Meter Reading
the server. The complete view of all the details of all the and Control System (WAMRCS) ”, Amit Biranje, Dr.
users to the admin facilitates the triggering of an SMS to the Mrs. S.S. Lokhande, ICPC, 2015.
user regarding the payment which is highly advantageous. [13]. “ARM Based Automatic Energy Meter Reading
The implemented work is highly compatible, accurate, System using GSM”, D.A.Shaikh, Prasad Nirmal, Kiran
portable, reliable and can be used as a substitute or an Nirmal, Poonam Ghorpade, IJARIIE, 2016.
equivalent for the conventional meters. [14]. “Cortex M3 based Prepaid System with Electricity
Theft Control”, Sudhakar Ajmera, Abdul Subjani Shaik,
IX. FUTURE SCOPE IJERA, January 2015.
[15]. “New Age Energy Meter Reading System”, Nikit
Future Scope of the work involves Khandagale, Nikita Bhatia, Richa Srivastava and
Somyata Rastogi, IJAIEM, April 2014.
• Introduction of the IoT concept within the system [16]. “Automatic Energy Calculation Through Wireless
instead of GSM modules. Smart Meter Using Zigbee”, Ms.Karthiga S,
• Automatic diversion of the extra power to elsewhere Mr.Vignesh S, MrVignesh S, Mr.Alex v
needed based on the analysis obtained. Stanislavous,Mr.Kiran Thomas, IJCSCN, 2015.
• Introducing a prepaid way of recharging via SMS and [17]. “Design of GSM Based Smart Automatic Energy
authentication by the bank module. Metering System”, Kiran Mahale, Shraddha Bansal,
• Theft and malfunction detection. IJETAE, March 2015.
[18]. “Smart Energy Meter”, Naveenkumar,
Jagadeesh.S.K, IJTRA, June 2016.
REFERENCES [19]. “Smart Energy Meter Using Power Factor Meter
and Instrument Transformer”, Subhashis Maitra, , CAE,
[1]. “Design of Embedded Based Automated Meter Reading January 2016.
System for Real Time Processing”, Nayan Gupta and [20]. “IOT Based Energy Meter Monitoring using ARM
Deepali Shukla, IEEE, 2016. Cortex M4 with Android Application”, Rashmi. M.N,
[2]. “Smart Power Monitoring System Using Wireless U.B. Mahadevaswamy, IJCA, September 2016.
Sensor Networks”, S.P.S. Gill, N.K. Suryadevara, S.C.
Mukopadhyay, Conference on Sensing Technology,
2012.
[3]. “GSM Based Automatic Energy Meter Reading System
with Instant Billing”, Aashna.K and Sudhish. N.
George, IEEE, 2013.
[4]. “Smart Energy Meter using Android Application and
GSM Network”, Diya Elizabeth Paul, Prof. Alpha
Vijayam, IJECS, March 2016.
[5]. “IOT Based Electricity Energy Meter Reading, Theft
Detection and Disconnection using PLC Modem and
Power Optimization”, Darshan Iyer. N and Dr K.A.
RadhakrishnaRao, IJAREEIE, July 2015.

IJISRT18FB227 www.ijisrt.com 677

View publication stats