NCERT Exemplar for Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Force and Laws of Motion

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following statement is not correct for an object moving along a straight path in an
accelerated motion?
(a) Its speed keeps changing
(b) Its velocity always changes
(c) It always goes away from the earth
(d) A force is always acting on it

Soln:

Answer is (c) It always goes away from the earth

Explanation:

To move away from earth Object’s acceleration should be more than the acceleration due to gravity. To escape
from gravity only moving along a straight path is not enough hence option © is a wrong statement.

According to the third law of motion, action and reaction (a) always act on the same body (b) always act on
different bodies in opposite directions (c) have same magnitude and directions (d) act on either body at normal to
each other.

2. According to the third law of motion, action and reaction

(a) always act on the same body
(b) always act on different bodies in opposite directions
(c) have same magnitude and directions
(d) act on either body at normal to each other

Soln:

Answer is (b) always act on different bodies in opposite directions

Explanation:

Newton’s third law states that “For every action there is equal and opposite reaction”. Hence answer is b)

3. A goalkeeper in a game of football pulls his hands backwards after holding the ball shot at the goal. This
enables the goal keeper to
(a) exert larger force on the ball
(b) reduce the force exerted by the ball on hands
(c) increase the rate of change of momentum
(d) decrease the rate of change of momentum

Soln:

Answer is (b) reduce the force exerted by the ball on hands

 NCERT Exemplar for Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Force and Laws of Motion

Explanation:

Pulling hands backwards will help goalkeeper to reduce the momentum of the ball which inturn reduces the force
of the ball exerted on goalkeeper’s hands.

4. The inertia of an object tends to cause the object

(a) to increase its speed
(b) to decrease its speed
(c) to resist any change in its state of motion
(d) to decelerate due to friction

Soln:

Answer is (c) to resist any change in its state of motion

Explanation:

Inertia is the property which resists the state of motion of an object. Object remains in its existing state of rest
or uniform motion in a straight line, unless that state is changed by an external force.

5. A passenger in a moving train tosses a coin which falls behind him. It means that motion of the train is
(a) accelerated
(b) uniform
(c) retarded
(d) along circular tracks

Soln:

Answer is (a) accelerated

Explanation:

If the motion of train is uniform the coin would have fallen in his hand. If the motion is retarded coin would have
fallen ahead of him. Since the coin falls behind the person motion of the train is accelerated.

6. An object of mass 2 kg is sliding with a constant velocity of 4 m s–1 on a frictionless horizontal table. The
force required to keep the object moving with the same velocity is
(a) 32 N
(b) 0 N
(c) 2 N
(d) 8 N

Soln:

Answer is (b) 0 N

Explanation:

Here the friction is opposing the force hence no force is required to keep the object in uniform motion. Hence the
answer is 0 N.
 NCERT Exemplar for Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Force and Laws of Motion

7. Rocket works on the principle of conservation of

(a) mass
(b) energy
(c) momentum
(d) velocity

Soln:
Answer is (c) momentum

Explanation:

Velocity of hot gases coming out of rocket provided large momentum in opposite direction which makes the
rocket move upwards. Here the conservation of momentum takes place.

8. A water tanker filled up to 2/3 of its height is moving with a uniform speed. On sudden application of the
brake, the water in the tank would
(a) move backward
(b) move forward
(c) be unaffected
(d) rise upwards

Soln:

Answer is (b) move forward

Explanation:

On applying brakes water tanker comes to rest but water will be in motion this makes the water to come forward.

Short Answer Questions

9. There are three solids made up of aluminium, steel and wood, of the same shape and same volume.
Which of them would have highest inertia?

Soln:

Inertia depends on the mass of the object. For the solids with same size and volume inertia is determined by its
mass. Hence steel will have highest inertia.

10. Two balls of the same size but of different materials, rubber and iron are kept on the smooth floor of a
moving train. The brakes are applied suddenly to stop the train. Will the balls start rolling? If so, in which
direction? Will they move with the same speed? Give reasons for your answer.

Soln:

Yes the balls start rolling in the direction of train was moving.. When brakes are applied, train will come to rest
and balls try to attain rest because of inertia balls remain in motion and they began to roll. Since the mass between
two balls are not same inertia of iron ball is greater than the inertia of rubber ball. Hence rubber ball rolls faster
than iron ball.
 NCERT Exemplar for Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Force and Laws of Motion

11. Two identical bullets are fired one by a light rifle and another by a heavy rifle with the same force.
Which rifle will hurt the shoulder more and why?

Soln:

The momentum of the bullet depends on the backward momentum of the rifle. Since momentum of lighter rifle is
more than the heavier rifle, bullet fired from lighter rifle hurts the shoulder more.

12. A horse continues to apply a force in order to move a cart with a constant speed. Explain why?

Soln:

When cart moves on the road it has to encounter the friction. In order to keep the cart moving horse should
overcome the friction. Hence it continues to apply the force.

13. Suppose a ball of mass m is thrown vertically upward with an initial speed v, its speed decreases
continuously till it becomes zero. Thereafter, the ball begins to fall downward and attains the speed v again
before striking the ground. It implies that the magnitude of initial and final momentums of the ball are
same. Yet, it is not an example of conservation of momentum. Explain why?

Soln:

If external force did not act on the system momentum of that system remains constant. In the give case change in
velocity is due to gravitation force of the earth.

14. Velocity versus time graph of a ball of mass 50 g rolling on a concrete floor is shown in Fig. 9.1.
Calculate the acceleration and frictional force of the floor on the ball.
 NCERT Exemplar for Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Force and Laws of Motion

Soln:
Given, m = 50g
F =?
Force = mass × acceleration
50
= x10 = 0.5 N
1000

velocity = 80ms-1.

Velocity decelerates due to the friction of the floor with itself and comes to rest after 8 seconds.

𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 0−80

a= =
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 8

= -10m/s2

The negative sign indicates that the frictional force exerted opposes the motion of the ball. Now, using Newton’s
relation,

Force = mass× acceleration

50
= × -10
1000

= -0.5 N

15. A truck of mass M is moved under a force F. If the truck is then loaded with an object equal to the mass
of the truck and the driving force is halved, then how does the acceleration change?

Soln:

Force = mass x acceleration

F=ma

a= f/m

When mass is doubles force is halved m becomes 2m and f becomes f/2

𝑓 a2 𝑓 𝑓 1
a2= or = + =
4𝑚 a1 4𝑚 𝑚 4

1th
acceleration reduces to
4
 NCERT Exemplar for Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Force and Laws of Motion

16. Two friends on roller-skates are standing 5 m apart facing each other. One of them throws a ball of 2 kg
towards the other, who catches it, How will this activity affect the position of the two? Explain your answer.

Soln:

Distance between them will increase. Before throwing ball momentum of both of them will be zero. To conserve
the momentum person who throws the ball moves backward. Person who catches the ball experiences a net force
while catching the ball and he moves backwards.

17. Water sprinkler used for grass lawns begins to rotate as soon as the water is supplied. Explain the
principle on which it works.

Soln:

Water sprinkler works on third law of motion. When water comes out of sprinkler an equal and opposite force is
exerted. This will make the sprinkler rotate.

Long Answer Questions

18. Using second law of motion, derive the relation between force and acceleration. A bullet of 10 g strikes a
sand-bag at a speed of 103 m s-1 and gets embedded after travelling 5 cm. Calculate
(i) the resistive force exerted by the sand on the bullet
(ii) the time taken by the bullet to come to rest.

Soln:

(i) m =10 g
10
= kg u
1000
=103 m/s
v=0
5
s= m
100

v2-u2= 2as

5
0-(103)2= 2a
100

−1000𝑥1000
a= x10
2.5

=107ms-2

F= ma
=105N

(ii) v=u+at

0=103-107t
 NCERT Exemplar for Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Force and Laws of Motion

107t= 103

t=103/107

= 10-4s

19. Derive the unit of force using the second law of motion. A force of 5 N produces an acceleration of 8 m
s–2 on a mass m1 and an acceleration of 24 m s–2 on a mass m2. What acceleration would the same force
provide if both the masses are tied together?

Soln:

F = m a = kg m s–2

This unit is also called newton. Its symbol is N.

𝑓 5
m1= = kg
𝑎1 8

𝐹 5
m2 = = kg
𝑎2 24

5 5 5
m= + kg = kg
8 24 6

Acceleration produced in M

𝑓 5
a= = = 6ms-2
𝑚 5/6

20. What is momentum? Write its SI unit. Interpret force in terms of momentum. Represent the following
graphically
(a) momentum versus velocity when mass is fixed.
(b) momentum versus mass when velocity is constant.

Soln:

The quantity of motion of a moving body is called momentum. It is measured as product of mass and velocity.

Momentum = mass × velocity

SI unit of momentum is kg m s–1
Force = Rate of change in momentum
 NCERT Exemplar for Class 9 Science Chapter 9 Force and Laws of Motion

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