LAST SULFUR

CALORIMETRY
The science of measuring the heat
absorbed or released during the course
of a chemical reaction.

 ENTHALPY CHANGE
Enthalpy change of a reaction is roughly equivalent to the
amount of energy lost or gained during reaction.

ENDOTHERMIC PROCESS EXOTHERMIC PROCESS

Absorbs heat and cools Releases heat causing the
the surroundings temperature of the surroundings
to rise.
q = positive sign q = negative sign
 AGENDA

01 02 03 04
Calorimetry Concept of Constant- Constant-
and Specific Heat Volume Pressure
Applications and Heat Calorimetry Calorimetry
Capacity
 APPLICATIONS
Energy Environmental
Food Science Pharmaceuticals
Measurements Science
SPECIFIC HEAT AND HEAT CAPACITY
Calorimetry depends on the understanding of specific heat and heat
capacity, thus…

SPECIFIC HEAT (s) C = ms HEAT CAPACITY (C)

The amount of heat The amount of heat
required to required to
raise the temperature of
raise the temperature of a
one gram of the substance Where:
C is the heat capacity
given quantity of the
by one degree Celsius. m is mass of a substance by one degree
substance in grams
s is specific heat
Celsius.

 SPECIFIC HEAT AND HEAT CAPACITY

APPLICATIONS

Construction Temperature Chemical

Engineering
industry Control Reactions
SPECIFIC HEAT AND HEAT CAPACITY
The equations for calculating the heat change are given by:

Where:
q = msΔt q is amount of heat
m is mass of a substance in grams

q = CΔt s is specific heat

C is heat capacity
Δt is difference of final and initial
temperature
SPECIFIC HEAT AND HEAT CAPACITY
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 1
A 650. g metal is heated by 5450.25 J of heat energy from 30.°C to
95°C. What is the specific heat capacity of the metal?

EXAMPLE PROBLEM 2
What is the heat capacity of a metal that was raised by 26,334 J of
heat energy from 0.°C to 100.°C?

SOLUTION
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 1
SOLUTION
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 2
 SPECIFIC HEAT AND HEAT CAPACITY
EXERCISE NO 1
1.) 876.8 g of metal is heated by 6821.82 J of heat energy from
26°C to 84°C. What is the specific heat capacity of the metal?

2.) A metal is heated by 19,512.24 J of heat energy to raise its

temperature from 34°C to 86.5°C? What is the heat capacity of
the metal?
CONSTANT-VOLUME CALORIMETRY
Constant-volume bomb calorimeter.
It is typically used to measure
reactions that are explosive in nature,
such as combustion reactions.
sealed or isolated from its
surroundings, which accounts for why
its volume is fixed and there is no
volume-pressure work done.
 HOW DOES
CONSTANT-
VOLUME BOMB
CALORIMETER
WORK?
CONSTANT-VOLUME CALORIMETRY
The heat that is given off by the sample is absorbed by
the water and the bomb.
no heat is lost to the surroundings

q =q +q
system cal rxn qcal = heat change for calorimeter
qrxn = heat change for reaction
q=0
 CONSTANT-VOLUME CALORIMETRY

q = C Δt
cal cal

Where:
qcal is amount of heat
Ccal is heat capacity
Δt is difference of final and initial temperature
 CONSTANT-VOLUME CALORIMETRY
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 1
A quantity of 1.435 g of naphthalene (C10H8), a pungent-smelling
substance used in moth repellents, was burned in a constant-
volume bomb calorimeter. Consequently, the temperature of the
water rose from 20.28°C to 25.95°C. If the heat capacity of the
bomb plus water was 10.17 kJ/°C, calculate the heat of combustion
of naphthalene on a molar basis.

 SOLUTION
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 1

'di pa sumasagot yung naggawa ng solution kaya hindi ko

masulat <3
 CONSTANT-VOLUME CALORIMETRY
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 2
A quantity of 1.922 g of methanol (CH3OH) was burned in a
constant-volume bomb calorimeter. Consequently, the
temperature of the water rose by 4.20°C. If the heat capacity
of the bomb plus water was 10.4 kJ/°C, calculate the molar
heat of combustion of methanol.

 SOLUTION
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 2

'di pa sumasagot yung naggawa ng solution kaya hindi ko

masulat <3
 CONSTANT-VOLUME CALORIMETRY
EXERCISE NO 2
1.) 1.150 g of sucrose (C12H22O11) goes through combustion in a bomb
calorimeter. If the temperature rose from 23.42 °C to 27.64 °C and the
heat capacity of the calorimeter is 4.90 kJ/°C, then determine the heat
of combustion of sucrose, C12H22O11 (in kJ per mole of C12H22O11)

2.) 0.265 g of caffeine (C8H10N4O2) is burned in a bomb calorimeter

with a heat capacity of 3.775 kJ/C. The temperature of the
calorimeter increases by 1.525 °C. Calculate the energy of combustion
per mole.
CONSTANT-PRESSURE CALORIMETRY
Measure the heat change for the
system by measuring the temperature
change for the water in the
calorimeter.
for non-combustion reactions
The pressure is constant therefore,
enthalpy change (ΔH) = heat change for
the reactions (qrxn)
In calculations, it neglects the heat
ΔH = qrxn , where qrxn = msΔT capacity (C) of the coffee cups
n
CONSTANT-PRESSURE CALORIMETRY
EXAMPLE PROBLEM
15.0g of sodium chloride (CaCl2) is dissolved in 250. mL of water (H20) in a
coffee-cup calorimeter. The temperature of the solution increases from
25.2 °C to 35.7 °C. Calculate the enthalpy change for the dissolution of
CaCl2 in kJ/mol.

(Because the temperature of the reaction increases, it is considered an

exothermic reaction, therefore, the solution is positive and the reaction is
negative.)
SOLUTION
EXAMPLE PROBLEM
 CONSTANT-PRESSURE CALORIMETRY
EXERCISE NO.3
1.) 25.0 g of Aluminum (Al) is dissolved in 400. mL of water (H20) in a
constant-pressure calorimeter. The temperature of the solution
increases from 20.0 °C to 24.2 °C. Calculate the enthalpy change for the
dissolution of CaCl2 in kJ/mol. (Use 4.18 kJ/g°C as the specific heat
capacity for H2O)
 SUMMARY
Constant-pressure
Constant-volume Bomb Specific Heat & Heat Calorimeter
Calorimeter Capacity Measure the heat
Measures reactions change for the system
that are explosive in
nature, such as
combustion reactions.
q = msΔt by measuring the
temperature change
for the water in the

q = C Δt
q = CΔt calorimeter.
qrxn
cal cal ΔH =
n
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING