Group 4 Code Report Final Copy Review

KYAMBOGO UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND COMPUTING
COURSE UNIT: MICROPROCESSOR BASED SYSTEM DESIGN
COURSE CODE: SCS3202
LECTURER: MR. MATOVU MOSES
COURSEWORK III
GROUP 4 MEMBERS
NAME REGISTRATION NUMBER

AHIKIRIZA HENRY 19/U/ITD/017/GV
KYASIIMIRE KELLEN 19/U/ITD/20336/PD
BUGEMBE JOHN PAUL 19/U/ITD/080/GV
NANSOVE VANESSA 19/U/ITD/2962/PD
Question 7
a) Implement the expression 3(x2 − x − 1)/2 in assembly language.
(b) Use a data set of your choice to test this implementation and comment on your result(s) by
giving details of how and where the outcomes are stored after every step or operation evaluated.
Introduction
This report gives the details on how to solve 3(x2-x-1)/2 in assembly language using emulator
8086 including instructions, registers used and the screenshots partial evaluations until final
result on the screen.
Registers Used
We have used 16 bit and 8 bit registers for example DX, AL, BL, DL, AH
Instructions Used
The instructions used in this implementation include;
MOV – it was used to store values in register for example mov AL,3 copies a value 3 to AL
register.
ADD and SUB –These are used to increase the value of a register and decrease the value of a
register by a certain value respectively.
IMUL and MUL –They are used for multiplication of signed and unsigned bits respectively.
IDIV and DIV –They are used for division of signed and unsigned bits respectively.
DEC – Used to decrease content of register by 1 for example DEC AL decrease content of AL
register by 1
Implementation and Testing
In this implementation, the user is asked to enter positive integers to solve 3(x2-x-1)/2. This
report gives output at each stage in the evaluation of 3(x2-x-1)/2. For testing purpose the value 2
has been used as the user input.
Variables Declared
All the variables that are to be used in the assembly program are declared in the .data section as
shown below.
.data
msg1 db 'Enter the Value of x: $'
x db 0
msg2 db 10,13, 'x*x evaluates to $'
msg3 db 10,13,'x*x-x evaluates to $'
1
msg4 db 10,13,'x*x-x-1 evaluates to $'
msg5 db 10,13,'3(x*x-x-1) evaluates to $'
quotient db 10,13,'3(x*x-x-1)/2 evaluates to $'
remainder db 10,13, 'Remainder $'
In the main program we capture user input as shown below
mov dx, offset msg1
mov ah,09h
int 21h
;capturing the value of x
mov ah,1h
int 21h
mov x,al ;temporarily storing the value of x in memory location x
sub x,30h ; converts ASCII value to hexadecimal
After inputting x value, the program evaluates x*x, for this case its 2*2 = 4 as shown below
;multipying x*x:
mul al ;result in AX
mov bx,ax ;temporarily storing x2 result into BX register
;display x*x message
mov dx, offset msg2
2
mov ah,09h
int 21h
Displaying x*x result
mov dl,bl
add dl,30h ;changing the value of dl from hexadecimal to ASCII
mov ah,2h
int 21h
Output on the Screen
The value of x is
The program then subtracts x-value that was stored in a memory location x from the product
result above for example x*x –x evaluates to 4-2 = 2 as shown below.
;subtracting x*x-x
sub bl,x ;result in bl
Displaying the value of x*x –x on the screen
mov dx, offset msg3
mov ah,09h
int 21h
mov dl,bl ;the value of bl is moved to dl register
3
mov ah,2h
int 21h
Output of x*x-x on the screen
The evaluation continue by subtracting 1 from the above result which results to 1 for example
dec bl ;it decrements the value of bl register by 1
Displaying the value of x*x-x-1 on the screen
;subtracting x*x-x-1
dec bl
mov dx, offset msg4
mov ah,09h
int 21h
mov dl,bl
mov ah,2h
int 21h
for example 2-1=1 as shown below
4
On that evaluation of the bracket is done, we proceed to multiplying 3 by (x*x-x-1) which
evaluates to 3 for example 3*1 = 3.
The value 3 is moved into AL register which is then multiplied by the content of bl register as
shown below.
mov al,3
mul bl ;result in ax
Displaying the value of AX register, which give the results for the numerator
mov cx,ax
;display message
mov dx, offset msg5
mov ah,09h
int 21h
;displaying numerator
mov dx,cx
add dx,30h ;changing the value of dx from hexadecimal to ASCII
mov ah,2h
int 21h
Output of 3(x*x-x-1)
5
Then the result of Multiplying 3 by (x*x-x-1) is divided by 2 which evaluates to 1 as the quotient
as shown below
mov ax,cx
mov bl,2
div bl ;result in ax
mov bl,al ;moving quotient to bl register
mov bh,ah moving remainder to bh register to avoid replacing it
6
The Remainder of 3(x*x-x-1) is divided by 2 is 1 as shown below
Testing the Implementation
• If x=2,
• x*x= 2*2=4,
• x*x-x = 4-2=2,
• x*x-x-1 =2-1 =1
• (x*x-x-1)=1
• 3 (x*x-x-1)= 3*1 =3
• 3 (x*x-x-1)/2 = 3/2 = 1 as the quotient
• And Remainder = 1 which proves to be as Implemented.
7
Conclusion
In Conclusion, This report has discussed how registers can be used to solve mathematical
problems in this case evaluating 3(x*x-x-1)/2 using different instructions such as mul and div,
sub as described above.
8
References
https://www.elprocus.com/8086-assembly-language-programs-explanation/ visited on 31st

January 2023 at 10:00pm

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KYAMBOGO UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND COMPUTING

COURSE UNIT: MICROPROCESSOR BASED SYSTEM DESIGN

COURSE CODE: SCS3202

LECTURER: MR. MATOVU MOSES

NAME REGISTRATION NUMBER

a) Implement the expression 3(x2 − x − 1)/2 in assembly language.

The instructions used in this implementation include;

Implementation and Testing

msg1 db 'Enter the Value of x: $'

msg2 db 10,13, 'x*x evaluates to $'

msg3 db 10,13,'x*x-x evaluates to $'

msg5 db 10,13,'3(x*x-x-1) evaluates to $'

quotient db 10,13,'3(x*x-x-1)/2 evaluates to $'

remainder db 10,13, 'Remainder $'

In the main program we capture user input as shown below

mov dx, offset msg1

;capturing the value of x

mov x,al ;temporarily storing the value of x in memory location x

sub x,30h ; converts ASCII value to hexadecimal

mov bx,ax ;temporarily storing x2 result into BX register

;display x*x message

mov dx, offset msg2

Displaying x*x result

add dl,30h ;changing the value of dl from hexadecimal to ASCII

Output on the Screen

sub bl,x ;result in bl

Displaying the value of x*x –x on the screen

mov dx, offset msg3

mov dl,bl ;the value of bl is moved to dl register

add dl,30h ;changing the value of dl from hexadecimal to ASCII

Output of x*x-x on the screen

dec bl ;it decrements the value of bl register by 1

Displaying the value of x*x-x-1 on the screen

mov dx, offset msg4

add dl,30h ;changing the value of dl from hexadecimal to ASCII

mov dx, offset msg5

add dx,30h ;changing the value of dx from hexadecimal to ASCII

mov bl,al ;moving quotient to bl register

mov bh,ah moving remainder to bh register to avoid replacing it

Testing the Implementation

• 3 (x*x-x-1)/2 = 3/2 = 1 as the quotient

• And Remainder = 1 which proves to be as Implemented.

https://www.elprocus.com/8086-assembly-language-programs-explanation/ visited on 31st

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