Sanitary Waste Bin

SANITARY NAPKIN INCINERATOR AND VENDING
MACHINE
A PROJECT REPORT
In Partial fulfilment for the award of the Diploma in Engineering

in
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
of
Department of Technical Education
of
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Government Polytechnic College Pala

686575
GOVERNMENT
POLYTECHNICCOLLEGE, PALA
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING
Department Vision
To be a center of excellence in Electrical & Electronics Engineering by facilitating the
growth of comprehensively trained, self-reliant, environmentally sensitive professionals
for the sustainable development of the nation .
Department Mission
M1:- To provide quality education in the field of engineering and technology through
effective teaching learning methods and state of the art infrastructure.
M2:- To facilitate the transformation of students into professionals by empowering their
skills, values and ethics.
M3:- To provide opportunities to develop social commitment and environmental
awareness through various co-curricular and extracurricular activities.
SANITARY NAPKIN INCINERATOR AND VENDING
MACHINE
A Project report
submitted by
AKHIL R
ALBIN MATHEW
ANANTHANUNNI JAYAKUMAR
ANEESH KRISHNAN V U
ARUN VIJAY
ASWIN K S
MOHAMMED FAYIS T P
MUHAMMED ADHIL RAFEEQ
MUHAMMED SABITH P
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING
GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALA 686575

CERTIFICATE
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled “SANITARY NAPKIN

INCINERATOR AND VENDING MACHINE” is a bonafide record of the
work done by MR. AKHIL R (Reg no. 20030591), MR. ALBIN
MATHEW (Reg no. 20030593),
MR. ANANTHANUNNIJAYAKUMAR (Reg no. 20030600), MR.
ANEESH KRISHNAN V U (Reg no. 20030601) MR. ARUN VIJAY (Reg
no. 20030606), MR. ASWIN K S (Reg no. 20030607), MR. MOHAMMED
FAYIS T P (Reg no. 20030630), MR. MUHAMMEDADHIL RAFEEQ
(Reg no. 20030631),
MR. MUHAMMED SABITH P (Reg no. 20030633) under our supervision,
in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award ofdiploma in Electrical
and Electronics Engineering during the academic year 2020-2023
MR. NEVIN JOSE MRS. BINU B R
Internal Guide Head Of Section
Date: Place: Pala, Kottayam

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First and the foremost, I thank ALMIGHTY GOD who gave me the
inner strength, resource and ability to complete my work successfully,
without which all my efforts would have been in vain.
I express my sincere gratitude to our principal, Mrs. ANI ABRAHAM

for providing me the provision to do the project in the successful way.
I stand grateful to Mrs. BINU B R, Professor and Head of the Department of

Electrical and Electronics Engineering, for his valuable advice and
motivation.
I am indebted to my seminar guide Mr. NEVIN JOSE (Lecturer in Electrical

And Electronics Engineering) for the constant help and support throughout
the
Presentation.
I thank all my friends who have helped me to complete the project with
their inspiration and co-operation. My project would not have been a success
without the prayers and blessings of my parents.
Date:
i
GROUP MEMBERS
SL NAME REG NO
NO
01 AKHIL R 20030591
02 ALBIN MATHEW 20030593

03 ANANTHANUNNI JAYAKUMAR 20030600
04 ANEESH KRISHNAN V U 20030601
05 ARUN VIJAY 20030606
06 ASWIN K S 20030607
07 MOHAMMED FAYIS T P 20030630
08 MUHAMMED ADHIL RAFEEQ 20030631
09 MUHAMMED SABITH P 20030633
ii
ABSTRACT
The combination of a sanitary napkin vending machine and incinerator presents a

comprehensive solution to address the challenges associated with menstrual hygiene
management. This innovative system aims to provide convenient access to sanitary
napkins while ensuring proper disposal and minimizing environmental impact. The
sanitary napkin vending machine allows easy and discreet access to sanitary napkins for
women and girls in various settings such as schools, workplaces, public restrooms, and
community centers. It eliminates the need for individuals to rely on external sources or
face potential embarrassment when seeking menstrual hygiene products. The vending
machine can be designed to accept different forms of payment, ensuring affordability and
accessibility to a wider user base.
Simultaneously, the integration of an incinerator in the same machine tackles the issue of
safe disposal of used sanitary napkins. The incinerator employs efficient combustion
mechanisms toconvert used sanitary napkins into harmless ash, reducing the waste volume
and minimizing environmental pollution. The incineration process ensures the complete
destruction of pathogens and prevents the spread of infections, thus addressing health concerns
associated with improper disposal. This combined solution offers several advantages. It
promotes menstrual hygiene by providing a convenient and dignified means of accessing
sanitary napkins. It also encourages responsible waste management by eliminating the
need for separate disposal systems and reducing the environmental burden associated with
non-biodegradable sanitary napkins. Moreover, the integration of the incinerator helps in
tackling issues related to the stigma and taboo surrounding menstruation by offering a
discreet and self-contained solution. The abstracted system holds immense potential to
positively impact the lives of women and girls by empowering them to manage their
menstrual hygiene effectively. It contributes to the promotion of gender equality, improved
health outcomes, and a cleaner environment. However, successfulimplementation requires
careful consideration of factors such as machine design, material selection, maintenance,
and awareness campaigns to ensure wide.
iii
CONTENT
01 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01
1.1 Disposal of used sanitary napkins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02
1.2 What is an incinerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 02
1.3 Features of sanitary napkin incinerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03
02 Proposed System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 04
2.1 Objective of study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05
2.2 Present challenges of market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 05
03 Installation And Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 06

3.1 Operation guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 06
3.2 Maintenance guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 07
04 Materials And Specification Of Incinerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 08

4.1 Metal chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 08
4.2 Heating element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 09
4.3 Thermostat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.4 Insulation material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.5 Control panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.6 power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.7 Ash tray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.8 Flexible GI pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
05 Features Of Incinerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
5.1 Advantages of incinerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
5.1.1 Social benefits of incinerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5.2 Disadvantages of napkin incinerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.3 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
5.4 Significance of napkin incineration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
06 Napkin Vending Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

6.1 What is sanitary napkin vending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
07 Proposed System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.1 Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.2 Importance of napkin vending machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
7.3 Research design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7.4 Design of napkin vending machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
7.5 Technical specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
08 Project Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
8.1 Material selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
8.2 Installation procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
8.2.1 Monitoring and maintenance of napkin vending machine . . . . . . . . . 37
09 Features Of Vending Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

9.1 Advantages of vending machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
9.2 Limitation of napkin vending machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
10 Conclusion and Future Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
iv
List of figures
4.1 Incinerator metal chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.2 Heating element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.3 Thermostat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.4 Insulation material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
4.5 Control panel . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.7 Ash tray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.8 Flexible GI pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
7.1 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.3 Vending machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
7.5 Payment system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
8.1 Dispensing mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
v
Sanitary Napkin Incinerator And Vending Machine
Chapter 1
Introduction
Waste disposal has become a growing problem in India, since the plastic used in
sanitary napkins aren't bio-degradable and result in environmental and health
dangers. The effect is more pronounced due to the methods of neighborhood set,
disposal and solid waste control and transport networks in villages and the towns.
Further, one big problem of sanitary waste has ever been that their categorization,
i. e., while it's plastic or biomedical waste. On the other hand, the Bio-Medical
Waste Management Rules suggest that products such as soiled plaster casts,
dressings, cotton, traces and bedding, are waste and needs to be microwaved,
autoclaved or incinerated to destroy pathogens. The absence of concern for waste
control in our nation isreflected from the fact that there's not any statistics on the
topic. There is barely any documentation in this region for management, and
managing of waste is crucial. In accordance with the study branded' Sanitary
Protection: Each woman's wellbeing right' estimated that only 12 percent of the 335
million girls have access. Environment portal to Earth estimated each month that
432 million pads have been disposed.
Menstrual Hygiene is still one of the hardest development issues now. Do

misinformation, myths and taboos produce the illusion that Pregnancy is black,
gross and bizarre, but women and girls in India often lack access to substances that
are sterile, and Facilities Sanitary Pads required for hygiene administration is great?
Woman's Health Right", a study by AC Nielsen shows only 12 percent of India's
Options like ashes fabric and husk sand. Incidents are 70 percent more prevalent
among those girls. The largest barrier to employing a Sani girl state, their loved
ones can't afford to get them, 88 percent of women use sand, rags or cloth to handle
their flow. This informs that huge opportunities exist in this section and the
requirement is thedecrease in cost. There is an important need for sanitary waste
removal successfully, particularly in terms of getting greater, stronger, more
complete price working well and simple skill for made of different part or menstrual
waste disposal for schools.
Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering, Pala 1

1.1 Disposal of Used Sanitary Napkins

Sanitary napkins' use is really a severe matter. There's no method of waste
management at village level in India. The dumping of napkins in rubbish isn't
practiced at the villages, as menstruation is a personal problem. The puppies may
dig out them, if those are buried in the ground. A belief is in certain villages, which
when a snake or a dog sees the fabrics that are old and are utilized. There's
difficulty of awareness, if pitched at regions of the village. The disposal of
sanitary napkin remains an issue. A suggestion is, installing incinerators in colleges
under the strategy. Incinerators are used in some countries, but their installation at
each state could be challenging. There is a matter of proper and regular care. Most
of the ladies lose theirhygienical pads or other emission product into garbage bins
that ultimately become a vicinityof municipal solid waste. In urban areas, wherever
trendy disposable emission product squaremeasure used they dispose of them by
flushing in bogs and throwing in dustbins. In rural areas, women use reusable and
noncommercial hygienical materials like reusable pads or cloths, thus generating
lesser quantity of hygienical waste as compared to those victimization disposals and
one-time used pads in huge cities. Rural areas give more choices for disposing
menstrual waste like by concealment, burning, and throwing in garbage or in pit
latrines. The disposal technique of an emission product for the most part depends
even on the cultural beliefs and location or time of disposal, since menses remains
thought of as one thing to be kept non-public and incommunicative, ladies
choose to dispose their product or wash them in private and bury or burn solely at
nighttime or once no one, particularly men square measure around.
1.2 What is an Incinerator?

A safe scientific process of disposal of sanitary napkins is to incinerate them to ash,
in comparatively low temperatures. It aids in disposal of napkins in a sterile and
scientific manner. Proposed Incinerator include, Ceramic density insulation for
protection that is outside Vehicle Thermal Cut off for energy saving. It has the
ability to dispose every day, more than 24 napkins. The estimated Cost of an
Incinerator is INR 15000/-. At some locations, incinerators square measure used
for disposing emission waste product however thanks to shyness or concern of
being seen by others they eluded victimization it. A depiction of how sanitary waste
in handled in different stages. The innovative low cost technology incinerator
design has been proposed for proper disposal of sanitary wastes. This design is
uncomplicated, secure and cost effective. The incinerator incinerates the wastes like
soiled fabric, cotton.

1.3 Features of sanitary napkin incinerators
 Destroys solid sanitary napkins hygienically.

 Powder coated steel body.
 User friendly features and easily usable.
 Operates on electricity.
 Burns 2 to 30 napkins per day,can be programmed for cycles/day.
 Burns napkins completely producing only less than 1 gm of ash per napkin.
 Ash collection tray for easy cleaning.
 Automatic temperature maintenance.
 Auto power off.
 Auto thermal cut-off for safety of user.
 Ceramic insulation for excellent thermal protection.
 Wall mountable.
 More girls in schools with less drop-outs.
 Incinerator will also save the waste pickers from the in-human task of
segregatingthis waste at various stages of waste cycle

Chapter 2
Proposed System
The block diagram consists of different component like Relay Driver, Heater,
Buzzer, and LED indication. When system is connected to AC mains i. e. 230V
AC, the power supply present in the system convert that 230V AC into 5V DC.
This 5V DC voltage is applied to the Microcontroller to turn it ON, since it is the
basic DC voltage required for it to turn ON. Oncethe Microcontroller turn ON along
with a system name i. e.” Sanitary Napkin Disposal System”, the initial state of
timer i. e. ON/OFF and temperature reading. As system turn ON, another power
supply converts 230V AC into 12V DC which is required for the relay to turn ON,
its starts heating the coil of burner. The time for heat the coil in the incinerator has
usually takes 3 to 5 mins. Once the required heat to burn the napkin is attained, the
Microcontroller message regarding the system being ready for its process. A timer is
being programmed for 5 to 10 min to dispose of two napkin. The operation will
completely takes place on maximum 15 to 20 mins. After the operation the
incinerator will cool down in 5 to 10 mins. The coil will heated in abone 400 degree
celcius. The heat produced from the coil is above 400 degree celcius and the heat
will not present in the outside parts of the incrinerator. The room temperator
willpresent in the temperator of the incrinerator. Soo the product will not produce
excess heat in the outer surface of the machine. After the dispose, ash is produced,
which is the final output we want. Once the ash is completely form, LED glows
indicating that process is completed and turn off the heater and relay. Also, there is
another condition such that, if we put another napkin along with the napkin under
process, the sensor present there sense another napkin and automatically increments
the time of the timer by 5 minutes, for which the timer is being programmed. Time
goes on increasing with quantity of napkin with 5 minutes. In this way, the system
works. At a time the incinerator will burn 2 napkins normally. In a day the napkin
incinerator will works at 12 cycles or 24 napkins at normal condition. If we put
more napkins in the incinerator it will takes more time for the operation. When the
12 cycles or 24 napkin burns the incinerator will use or consume 1 unit of current.

2.1 Objective Of The Study
This study's aim is to analyze challenges and opportunities linked to wellness

goods and itsadvertising and marketing challenges in Indian Context.
Additionally, this paper examines the prospects within this section, in addition
to the initiatives taken by several organizations in the Industry for creating
affordability and awareness in this direction.
2.2 Present Challenges in Market:
Design and Develop a Smart, Cost Effective, Efficient Sanitary Napkins

Incinerator Machinewhich will automatically burn the sanitary napkins thrown
inside the machine and Portable Sanitary Napkin Incinerator comprising a
chamber, having there in, a heating unit arranged ingrid fashion for supporting the
sanitary napkin. The proposed work focuses on to reduce the time cycle required
to burn the napkin, so as to save power and reduce production cost.
We Have Two Major Objectives for this Project
 To educate and develop awareness on utilization of Sanitary

Napkins and supply accessibility by installment, straight to
Sanitary Napkins Vending Machines using application in
Schools and Faculties that, Girls/Women gethabituated to apply
this Sanitary Napkins for their health care.
 To install incinerators that will decrease spread of disease due to

disposal ofsanitary napkins, and to take care of the issue of
sanitary napkin disposal and decrease pollution due to reduced
clogging of drainage system in public.

Chapter 3
Installation And Guidelines
Location: Choose a suitable location for the incinerator installation, considering

factors suchas ventilation, access for waste disposal, and compliance with local
regulations.
Space and Clearance: Ensure that the installation area has sufficient space and
clearance forthe incinerator unit, allowing for proper ventilation and maintenance
access.
Ventilation: Provide adequate ventilation in the installation area to disperse any

fumes or odors generated during the incineration process.
Electrical Supply: Ensure a stable and appropriate electrical supply is available for
poweringthe incinerator unit.
Compliance with Regulations: Follow all relevant regulations and guidelines
related to the installation of the incinerator, including environmental, safety, and
building code requirements.
3.1 Operation Guidelines:
Safety Precautions: Train operators on safety protocols, including the use of

personal protective equipment (PPE) and safe handling of waste and incinerator
operation.
Loading and Incineration: Properly load the sanitary napkins into the
incinerator accordingto the manufacturer's guidelines. Follow the
recommended incineration temperature and duration for efficient and
complete combustion.
Monitoring: Regularly monitor the temperature, airflow, and other relevant

parameters during the incineration process. Ensure that the incinerator is operating
within the designatedrange.

Waste Disposal: Dispose of the incinerated ash according to local regulations and
guidelines for proper ash management and disposal.
Record-Keeping: Maintain records of incineration activities, including waste quantities,

incineration cycles, and maintenance activities for future reference and compliance
reporting.
3.2 Maintenance Guidelines:
Regular Inspections: Conduct regular inspections of the incinerator to identify

any signs ofwear, damage, or malfunction. Inspect components such as burners,
filters, and control systems.
Cleaning: Regularly clean the incinerator, including the ash collection area, to
remove any residual waste or debris that may hinder its performance.
Preventive Maintenance: Follow the manufacturer's recommended maintenance

schedulefor preventive maintenance tasks such as lubrication, filter replacement,
and sensor calibration.
Repairs and Servicing: Address any issues promptly by contacting the
manufacturer or aqualified technician for repairs or servicing requirements.
Training and Knowledge Transfer: Ensure that the maintenance personnel are
trained onthe specific maintenance procedures and have access to the necessary
documentation and technical support.

Chapter 4
Materials And Specification Of Incinerator
4.1 Metal chamber
The chamber is typically made of stainless steel or galvanized steel. The

thickness of the metal should be at least 18 gauge to ensure durability and prevent
damage from high temperature. It offers greater resistance to corrosion and other
forms of wear and tear.
The properties for which the stainless steel has been used its high strength and
durability, its highand low temperature resistance, increased formability and
easy fabrication, low maintenance, long-lasting, attractive appearance and it is
environmentally friendly and recyclable
Figure 5.1
Incinerator metal chamber

4.2 Heating element.
The heating element is typically made of nichrome wire, which is a high-

resistance alloy ofnickel and chromium. The wire should have a 0.5 to 1mm
diameter and a resistance of 0.2 to1 ohm per meter. The heating element is made
of high-quality materials and is designed to last for a long time. It ia also energy-
efficient, which means that it will not consume a lot ofelectricity while in use.
The heating element is an essential component of a sanitary napkin incinerator.
It is responsible for heating the chamber to a high temperature, which
incinerates the used sanitary napkins.
The most commonly used heating element in a sanitary napkin incinerator is
nichrome wire,which is a high-resistance alloy of nickel and chromium. Nichrome
wire has a high melting point and can withstand high temperatures without
breaking or degrading. It also has a relatively high resistance, which allows it to
generate heat when an electric current is passedthrough it.The heating element is
typically wrapped around the chamber or inserted into it.When an electric current
is passed through the heating element, it generates heat, which is transferred to the
chamber. The temperature of the heating element is controlled by a thermostat,
which ensures that the chamber is heated to the correct temperature for
incineration.
The heating element should be selected based on the size of the chamber and the
amount of heat required to incinerate the used sanitary napkins. It is important to
ensure that the heating element is of high quality and able to withstand high
temperatures and frequent use.The heating element plays a critical role in the
operation of a sanitary napkin incinerator. It is responsible for heating the
chamber to a high temperature, which incinerates the used sanitarynapkins. The
heating element should be carefully selected based on the size of the chamber
and the amount of heat required to incinerate the napkins and should be of high
quality to ensure reliable operation.
Figure 5.2
Heating element

4.3 Thermostat
The thermostat is used to control the temperature of the chamber. The thermostat
is a criticalcomponent of a sanitary napkin incinerator. It is responsible for
monitoring the temperatureof the incinerator and regulating the heating element to
maintain a constant temperature within the chamber. The thermostat used in a
sanitary napkin incinerator is typically a bimetallic strip thermostat, which
consists of two metal strips with different coefficients of thermal expansion
bonded together. When the temperature of the incinerator rises, the metal strips
expand at different rates, causing the strip to bend and activate a switch that turns
offthe heating element. As the temperature drops, the metal strips contract, and the
switch is activated again, turning the heating element back on.
The thermostat should be carefully selected based on the size of the chamber and
the desiredtemperature range. It is important to ensure that the thermostat is
accurate and reliable, as a malfunctioning thermostat can lead to overheating and
damage to the incinerator. In additionto the bimetallic strip thermostat, other types
of thermostats can also be used in sanitary napkin incinerators, such as electronic
thermostats and digital temperature controllers.
Electronic thermostats use a thermistor or other temperature-sensing device to
monitor the temperature and control the heating element. Digital temperature
controllers provide more precise temperature control and can be programmed to
maintain specific temperature ranges.
The thermostat should be carefully selected based on the size of the chamber and
the desired temperature range, and should be accurate and reliable to ensure
safe and efficient operationof the incinerator.
Figure 5.3
Thermostat

4.4 Insulation Material
The insulation material used in the incinerator should be able to withstand high
temperatures and prevent heat from escaping the chamber. Ceramic fiber blanket
or mineral wool with a thickness of 25-50 mm is commonly used for this purpose.
Ceramic fibre blanket is a type of insulation material that is commonly used in
sanitary napkin incinerators. It is made from high-purity alumina-silica fibres that
are spun and woven into a flexible mat or blanket.
Ceramic fibre blanket has excellent thermal insulation properties and can
withstand temperatures up to 1400°C.
In a sanitary napkin incinerator, ceramic fibre blanket is typically used to line
the interior ofthe chamber to create a high-temperature barrier and prevent heat
from escaping. It is also used to insulate the flue and chimney to improve the
efficiency of the incinerator. Ceramic fibre blanket has several advantages over
other insulation materials. It is lightweight, flexible,and easy to install, making it
ideal for use in complex shapes and tight spaces. It also has lowthermal
conductivity, which means that it can provide effective insulation with minimal
thickness.
However, there are also some safety concerns associated with the use of ceramic
fibre blanketin sanitary napkin incinerators. Ceramic fibres can be hazardous to
health if inhaled, and cancause lung damage and other respiratory problems. As a
result, it is important to handle and install ceramic fibre blanket with care and to
follow appropriate safety precautions. It provides excellent thermal insulation
properties, is lightweight and flexible, and has low thermal conductivity.
However, it also has some safety concerns associated with its use, andappropriate
safety precautions should be taken.
Figure 5.4
Insulation material

4.5 Control Panel
The control panel should be made of fire-resistant material and contain switches,
indicators, and a timer. The wiring should be able to withstand high temperatures
and have sufficient insulation. The control panel is an essential component of a
sanitary napkin incinerator.
It is responsible for controlling the operation of the incinerator and ensuring that
it functions safely and efficiently. The control panel typically consists of a number
of components, including switches, indicators, timers, and controllers. The main
function of the control panel is to control the temperature inside the incinerator.
It does this by regulating the power output of the heating element and monitoring
the temperature using a temperature sensor. The control panel can also include a
timer to controlthe duration of the heating cycle and ensure that the incinerator
operates for the required amount of time.
In addition to temperature control and safety features, the control panel may also
include indicators to provide feedback on the status of the incinerator. For
example, it may include apower indicator to show that the incinerator is
connected to the power supply, and a heating indicator to show that the heating
element is operating.
Overall, the control panel is an essential component of a sanitary napkin

incinerator, providing temperature control, safety features, and feedback on the
status of the incinerator.When designing or selecting a control panel, it is
important to ensure that it meets the requirements of the incinerator and provides
reliable and safe operation.
Fig 5.5
Control panel

4.6 Power Supply
The power supply is an essential component of a sanitary napkin incinerator as it

is responsible for providing the electrical power required to operate the
incinerator. The powersupply used on a sanitary napkin incinerator is typically an
AC power supply, which convertsthe AC voltage from the mains electricity
supply into the DC voltage required to power the various components of the
incinerator.
The power supply used on a sanitary napkin incinerator must be capable of

delivering the required voltage and current to power the heating element, control
panel, and any other electrical components of the incinerator. The power supply
must also be reliable and durable,as the incinerator is likely to be used frequently
and for extended periods of time.
The power supply used on a sanitary napkin incinerator must also comply with
relevant electrical safety standards and regulations. This includes ensuring that the
power supply is properly grounded, that appropriate fuses used to protect against
overloading and short circuits, and that any exposed electrical components are
adequately insulated to prevent electrical shocks.
One important consideration when selecting a power supply for a sanitary napkin
incineratoris the power rating. The power rating of the power supply should be
matched to the power requirements of the incinerator. If the power supply is not
powerful enough, the incinerator may not be able to operate at the required
temperature, or may take longer to reach the required temperature, which can
lead to reduced efficiency and increased operating costs.
Another important consideration is the efficiency of the power supply. The

power supply should be as efficient as possible to minimize energy waste and
reduce operating costs. Thiscan be achieved by selecting a power supply with a
high efficiency rating, or by using a power factor correction circuit to improve
the power factor of the incinerator.

4.7 Ash Tray
The ash tray is typically made of stainless steel or galvanized steel with a
thickness of 18 gauge or higher. An ash tray is a crucial component of a sanitary
napkin incinerator as it collects the ash generated during the incineration
process. The ash tray is typically located atthe bottom of the incinerator and is
designed to collect and contain the ash.
The ash tray used on a sanitary napkin incinerator is typically made of a durable
and heat- resistant material such as stainless steel, cast iron, or ceramic. The
ash tray must be able to withstand high temperatures and prolonged exposure to
heat without deforming or cracking.
The ash tray must also be designed to prevent ash from escaping from the
incinerator andcausing a fire or other safety hazard. This can be achieved by
designing the ash tray with atight-fitting lid or cover that prevents ash from
escaping, or by incorporating a filtering system that collects the ash and
prevents it from escaping.
In addition to its primary function of collecting ash, the ash tray can also serve as
a useful tool for monitoring the performance of the incinerator. By examining the
ash collected in thetray, it is possible to determine whether the incinerator is
operating at the correct temperatureand for the correct duration. If the ash is not
properly burnt, it may indicate that the incinerator is not operating correctly or
that there is a problem with the heating element or temperature control system.
Another important consideration when designing or selecting an ash tray for a
sanitary napkinincinerator is ease of cleaning. The ash tray must be easy to
remove and clean, as the accumulation of ash over time can reduce the efficiency
of the incinerator and increase the risk of fire or other safety hazards.
Fig 5.7
Ash tray

4.8 Flexible GI Pipe
Flexible GI (galvanized iron) pipes are commonly used in sanitary napkin

incinerators for transporting smoke from the incinerator to outside. These pipes
are made of a flexible material such as stainless steel or galvanized iron and are
designed to withstand high temperatures and pressure. The primary advantage of
using flexible GI pipes is their flexibility, which allows them to be easily
installed and routed to the burner. This flexibilityalso makes them ideal for use in
situations where there is limited space or where the burner islocated in a difficult-
to-reach location.
Flexible GI pipes used in sanitary napkin incinerators are typically made of a
high- quality material that is resistant to corrosion, rust, and other forms of
degradation. This ensures thatthe pipes are durable and can withstand the harsh
conditions present in an incinerator environment. Flexible GI pipes used in
sanitary napkin incinerators are also designed to be easy to install and maintain.
They are typically equipped with threaded ends or couplings thatallow them to
be quickly and easily connected to the burner and gas source. This makes it easy
to replace or repair the pipes in the event of damage or wear and tear.
One important consideration when selecting flexible GI pipes for a sanitary napkin
incinerator is their temperature and pressure rating. The pipes must be able to
withstand the high temperatures and pressure present in the incinerator environment
without deforming orcracking. The pipes should also be able to accommodate the
flow rate of smoke from the burner.
Figure 5.8
Flexible GI pipe

Chapter 5
Features Of Incinerator
5.1 Advantages of incinerator
Sanitary napkin incinerators offer several advantages over other methods of disposal
such as land filling or flushing. Some of the key advantages of using a sanitary
napkin incinerator include:
1. Environmentally friendly: Sanitary napkin incinerators are a more

environmentallyfriendly alternative to land filling or flushing. By
incinerating the waste, the amount ofsolid waste generated is reduced,
which can help to reduce the pressure on landfills.
2. Hygienic: Sanitary napkin incinerators are a more hygienic option for

disposing offeminine hygiene products as they eliminate the need for
handling and storing used products. This can help to reduce the spread of
diseases and infections.
3. Safe: Sanitary napkin incinerators are designed to be safe to use and

operate. They typically include safety features such as temperature
sensors, and ventilation systemsto ensure that the incineration process is
safe and efficient.
4. Convenient: Sanitary napkin incinerators are a convenient option for

disposing of feminine hygiene products as they can be easily installed in
restrooms, changing rooms, toilets, bathrooms, or other locations where
they are needed. They require littlemaintenance and can be easily
operated by anyone.
5. Cost-effective: Sanitary napkin incinerators can be a cost-effective

option for facilities that generate a large amount of feminine hygiene
waste. By reducing theamount of solid waste generated, the cost of
waste disposal can be reduced.

5.1.1 Social Benefits Of Incinerator
Promoting Proper Waste Management:
Sanitary napkins are non-biodegradable and can cause environmental pollution if

not disposed of properly.
A sanitary napkin incinerator provides a safe and hygienic method of disposal, preventing
the accumulation of used sanitary napkins in landfills or other inappropriate locations.
By promoting proper waste management, the incinerator helps to maintain

cleanliness and reduce the risk of environmental contamination.
Mitigating Health Hazards:
Improper disposal of sanitary napkins can pose health hazards, particularly for
waste handlers, sanitation workers, and communities residing near waste
disposal sites.
Incinerating sanitary napkins eliminates the risk of handling contaminated waste,
reducing the potential spread of infectious diseases and health risks associated
with improper disposal.
Reducing Stigma and Promoting Menstrual Hygiene:
Menstruation is often surrounded by social stigma, cultural taboos, and myths that
contribute to the marginalization of menstruating individuals.
By providing a discreet and convenient method of disposal, a sanitary napkin
incinerator helps in breaking the silence around menstruation.
It promotes the normalization of menstrual hygiene management and creates an
environment where menstruating individuals can manage their periods with
dignity and confidence.
Empowering Women and Girls:
Access to proper menstrual hygiene management is essential for the well-being

and empowerment of women and girls. A sanitary napkin incinerator enhances
access to safe and hygienic disposal options, empowering women and girls to
manage their menstrual health in a dignified manner. It reduces the barriers and
challenges faced by menstruating individuals, enabling them toparticipate fully in
their education, work, and social activities without disruption.

Education and Awareness:
Implementing a sanitary napkin incinerator project can involve educational

initiatives and awareness campaigns on menstrual hygiene management.
Such initiatives contribute to dispelling myths, challenging societal norms, and
promoting accurate information about menstruation.
By engaging communities and educating individuals of all genders, the incinerator
project fosters a supportive environment that encourages open dialogue and
understanding.

5.2 Disadvantages Of Napkin Incinerator
Sanitary napkin incinerators are not without their disadvantages.
Energy consumption: One of the major disadvantages of using a sanitary napkin

incineratoris the energy consumption required to operate them. Incineration
requires a significant amount of energy, which can result in higher energy costs
and increased carbon emissions.
This is a concern for organizations and facilities that are striving to reduce their
carbon footprint and lower their energy usage.
Limited waste stream: Sanitary napkin incinerators also have limited waste
stream capabilities, as they can only be used for the disposal of feminine hygiene
products. Facilitiesthat generate a wide range of waste materials may require other
types of waste managementsolutions in addition to a sanitary napkin incinerator.
Safety concerns: Finally, there is a risk of fire or other safety hazards associated
with the useof sanitary napkin incinerators. This is why it is essential to ensure
that these machines are used and maintained properly, and that all staff are
trained in their safe use.
Air pollution: The smoke and emissions released during the incineration process
can contribute to air pollution. The burning of feminine hygiene products can
produce an unpleasant odor. Very low amount of smoke is produced on the time
of incineration 0.5 to 1percentage of smoke is produced.

5.3 Safety
Sanitary napkin incinerators are generally considered safe when used and
maintained properly. However, there are some safety concerns that should be
considered, such as:
1. Fire hazard: Sanitary napkin incinerators use high temperatures to

burn feminine hygiene products, which can pose a fire hazard if not
managed properly. To prevent fires, it is important to ensure that the
incinerator is installed in a well-ventilated area, away from
flammable materials, and that itis operated by trained personnel who
follow proper safety procedures.
2. Electrical safety: Sanitary napkin incinerators are typically

powered by electricity, which can pose a risk of electric shock if
the wiring or electricalcomponents are damaged or not properly
maintained. To ensure electrical safety, it is important to have the
incinerator installed and maintained by aqualified electrician.
3. Chemical exposure: The incineration process can release chemicals

and fumes,which can pose a risk of exposure to staff and users of
the facility. To minimize the risk of exposure, it is important to use
high-quality incinerators with effective filtration systems, and to
ensure that the incinerator is properly maintained and operated.
4. User safety: Users of the facility should be informed of the proper

use of theincinerator and should be provided with appropriate
protective equipment, such as gloves and face masks, if necessary.
It is also important to ensure thatthe incinerator is located in a
secure area to prevent tampering or misuse.

5.4 Significance of napkin incineration
Environmental Impact:
Sanitary napkins are typically made of non-biodegradable materials, such as

plastic and absorbent polymers. Improper disposal, such as flushing them
down toilets or discarding them in regular waste bins, leads to their
accumulation in landfills and water bodies.
The incineration of sanitary napkins provides a sustainable solution by reducing
the amountof waste that ends up in landfills, minimizing the environmental
impact.
Incineration converts the sanitary napkins into ash, significantly reducing the
volume of waste and preventing the long-term environmental consequences
associated with their improper disposal.
Health and Hygiene:
Improper disposal of sanitary napkins poses health risks to waste handlers,

sanitation workers, and the general public. Exposure to used sanitary napkins can
lead to the spread ofinfections and diseases.
The sanitary napkin incinerator addresses these health concerns by providing a
safe andhygienic method of disposal. Incineration ensures complete destruction of the
waste, minimizing the risk of infection transmission.
By eliminating the need for manual handling and reducing the chances of
accidental exposureto used sanitary napkins, the incinerator protects the health and
well-being of individuals involved in waste management.
Air Pollution Control:
When sanitary napkins are burnt in open fires or through informal means,
they contribute to air pollution. The combustion of plastic materials releases toxic
gases and harmful pollutants into the atmosphere.

A sanitary napkin incinerator is designed to control and mitigate air pollution. It

incorporates proper combustion chambers, temperature control systems, and
emissions control mechanisms to ensure the efficient burning of waste while
minimizing the release of harmfulsubstances. The incinerator's emissions control
system captures and treats the gases and particulate mattergenerated during
incineration, reducing air pollution and its associated health risks.
Odor Control:
Improperly disposed sanitary napkins can emit foul odors, particularly in public
washroomsor waste collection areas. The incineration process in a dedicated sanitary
napkin incinerator effectively eliminates odorconcerns associated with the disposal of
used sanitary napkins. The incinerator's design and exhaust systems are equipped
to control and remove odorous substances, ensuring a more pleasant and hygienic
environment.
Awareness and Behavior Change:
Implementing a sanitary napkin incinerator project promotes awareness about proper waste
management practices and menstrual hygiene. It encourages behavior change among
menstruating individuals, urging them to use the incinerator for the safe disposal of
sanitary napkins instead of resorting to improper methods. By fostering a culture of
responsible waste management and menstrual hygiene, the incinerator contributes to long-
term behavioral shifts that positively impact the environment and public health.

Chapter 6
Napkin Vanding Machine
Sanitary napkins are a necessity for women, but they are not always easily
accessible, especially in public places. Many women face difficulty in obtaining
sanitary napkins, especially in places like schools, colleges, and public restrooms.
To address this issue, wehave designed a sanitary napkin vending machine that
dispenses sanitary napkins on payment. The machine is equipped with a coin
sensor that ensures that the user pays for the product before dispensing it.
Sanitary napkin vending machines with coin sensors are an innovative solution
for providing women with easy access to feminine hygiene products. These
machines are typically installedin public restrooms, schools, colleges, toilets,
and other facilities where women may need toaccess these products. The
machines are designed to dispense sanitary napkins or tampons fora fee, usually
used coins, depending on the location and model.
The coin sensor in the vending machine is used to detect the insertion of coins or
tokens, which then activates the dispensing mechanism. The machine is
typically programmed to dispense a specific number of sanitary napkins or
tampons for the amount of money inserted
Sanitary napkin vending machines with coin sensors offer several benefits over
traditional methods of distributing feminine hygiene products. They provide
women with a convenientand discreet way to obtain these products, reducing the
need for them to carry these items with them at all times. The machines also
offer a reliable source of income for facilities thatinstall them, and can help to
reduce the cost and waste associated with traditional methods ofdistributing
feminine hygiene products, such as providing them for free in colleges.
In this project, we will be designing and building a sanitary napkin vending

machine with a coin sensor. We will be using electronic components, including a
coin sensor, relay panel, vending motor, and ac to dc adapters to create a
functional and efficient vending machine. The project will involve designing and
fabricating the vending machine's housing and interface, as well as
programming the control panel to operate the vending machine's functions. By
the end of the project, we will have created a useful and cost-effective solutionfor
providing women with easy access to feminine hygiene products in public
facilities.
6.1 What Is Sanitary Napkin Vending?
A sanitary napkin vending machine is a device that dispenses sanitary napkins or

tampons inexchange for a fee. These machines are usually installed in public
restrooms, schools, and other facilities where women may need access to
feminine hygiene products. The vending machines are typically coin-operated,
with the user inserting coins or tokens to activate the dispensing mechanism.
Some machines also accept bills or credit cards as payment.
Sanitary napkin vending machines offer several benefits over traditional methods
of distributing feminine hygiene products. They provide women with a
convenient and discreet way to obtain these products, reducing the need for them
to carry these items with them at alltimes. The machines also offer a reliable
source of income for facilities that install them and can help to reduce the cost
and waste associated with traditional methods of distributing feminine hygiene
products, such as providing them for free in restrooms.
Sanitary napkin vending machines come in various sizes and models, ranging
from tabletopdispensers to large freestanding units. They may also offer a range of
options, including different types of feminine hygiene products, such as pads or
tampons, as well as differentsizes and absorbencies. Some vending machines
also offer additional features.
Overall, sanitary napkin vending machines are an effective and efficient way to
provide women with easy access to feminine hygiene products in public facilities.

Chapter 7
Proposed System
The block diagram consists of different component like Coin Sensor, Relay panel,
Vending Motor, AC to DC Adaptors. When system is connected to AC mains i. e.
230V AC, the power supply present in the adapter convert that 230V AC into 12V
2A DC. The 12V 2A dc supply goes through the input terminal of the coin sensor.
The output voltage of the coin sensor will reach the relay panel. The relay panel
gives a pulse to the vending motor. As a result, the vending motor will start to
rotate in 360 degrees. The vending motor will be coupled to the spring so when the
motor rotates the spring will also rotate 360 degrees. When the coin is inserted
into the coin sensor the coin sensor will validate or check the coin. The coin
inserted is correctly valuable once the coin sensor will give an output voltage to the
relay panel. When the inserted coin is mismatched the programmed coin will reject
outside.
The coin sensor has a 12V 2A input voltage. The input voltage of the relay panel
will producea pulse which helps to rotate the vending motor. The relay panel is
connected to a dc source at a 5V 2A power source. The output pulse of the relay
panel goes to the input terminal of thevending motor. The vending motor will
convert the electrical energy to mechanical energy.
As a result, the vending motor will start to rotate 360 degrees. The vending
motor will be coupled with a spring so the motor will rotate the spring also be
start to rotate. Small gaps inthe spring will insert napkins so normally a single
spring can accommodate 15 to 30 napkins at a time. The spring will rotate
napkins in the spring will drop down. The napkins will collect in an easy manner
for the feminine. The security features prevent theft, tampering, orvandalism. For
example, the machine may have a lockable cash box to secure the collected coins
and a tamper-resistant casing.
It requires minimal maintenance, and periodic checks can help ensure that the
machine is functioning properly. Some machines come with self-diagnostic
features that alert the user ortechnician of any malfunctions, making it easy to
quickly resolve any issues. The user interface of a sanitary napkin vending
machine is designed to be intuitive and user- friendly.
Figure 13.1
Block diagram

7.1 Objectives
The objective of a sanitary napkin vending machine with a coin sensor is to
provide a convenient and accessible solution for women to access menstrual
hygiene products in public spaces. The traditional practice of carrying a pad or
tampon in a purse or bag is not always feasible, especially in situations where
women are caught off guard, such as unexpected periods or when the supplies
run out.
A vending machine equipped with a coin sensor provides a discreet, hygienic, and
convenientway for women to access menstrual hygiene products, eliminating the
need to carry extra supplies or seek out a nearby store or pharmacy.
Here are some of the specific objectives of a sanitary napkin vending machine with
a coin sensor:
1. To provide easy access to menstrual hygiene products:
The primary objective of a sanitary napkin vending machine with a

coin sensor is to make menstrual hygiene products easily accessible
for women in public spaces, such as schools, offices, hospitals, and
public restrooms.
By providing easy access to these products, women can maintain
their hygieneand feel more confident during their periods.
2. To promote menstrual health and hygiene:
Menstrual health and hygiene are essential for maintaining good

health andpreventing infections. However, the lack of access to
menstrual hygiene products is a significant barrier for many
women, especially those living in low-income areas. By providing
sanitary napkins and tampons through vending machines, the
objective is to promote menstrual health and hygiene,especially
among women who lack access to these products.
3. To reduce stigma and discrimination:
Menstruation is often stigmatized, leading to discrimination against

women and girls who experience it. By providing a discreet and
private way to accessmenstrual hygiene products, vending machines
with coin sensors can help reduce the stigma surrounding periods
and promote menstrual equity.

4. To improve attendance and productivity:
The lack of access to menstrual hygiene products can lead to missed

school or work days, decreased productivity, and even lower self-
esteem. By providing sanitary napkins and tampons in public spaces,
vending machines with coin sensors can help improve attendance
and productivity among women, thus contributing to their overall
well-being and success.
5. To support environmental sustainability:
Sanitary napkin vending machines with coin sensors can also

contribute to environmental sustainability by promoting the use of
reusable menstrual products. Some vending machines offer
menstrual cups or cloth pads as an alternative to disposable
sanitary napkins and tampons. This reduces the amount of waste
generated and promotes more sustainable menstrual
hygienepractices.
6. To generate income:
Sanitary napkin vending machines with coin sensors can also

generate incomefor businesses or organizations that operate them.
The cost of the products sold in the machines can be slightly higher
than the market rate, generating revenue that can be used to maintain
the machines or support other initiatives related to menstrual health
and hygiene.
In conclusion, the objective of a sanitary napkin vending machine

with a coinsensor is to provide a simple and effective solution for
women to access menstrual hygiene products easily and discreetly,
contributing to their health,dignity, and well-being. These machines
promote better menstrual health andhygiene practices, reduce stigma
and discrimination, improve attendance andproductivity, support
environmental sustainability, and generate income for businesses or
organizations that operate them.

7.2 Importance of napkin vending machine
1. Accessibility: Sanitary napkin vending machines improve the

accessibility of menstrual hygiene products. They are typically
installed in public restrooms, educational institutions, workplaces,
and other public places where women may need immediate access to
sanitary napkins. By placing these machines inconvenient locations,
women can easily obtain the necessary products withoutthe need to
search for a store or rely on others for assistance.
2. Convenience and Discretion: Menstruation is a natural
biological process, but it can still carry a stigma or cause
embarrassment for some women. Sanitary napkin vending
machines provide a discreet and convenient solution,allowing
women to access menstrual hygiene products without having to
askothers for assistance or go through potentially uncomfortable
situations.
3. Emergency Situations: Menstrual cycles can be unpredictable, and
women may find themselves in need of sanitary napkins
unexpectedly. Sanitary napkin vending machines offer a practical
solution, ensuring that women canmanage their periods promptly,
even in emergency situations or when they arecaught off guard.
4. Hygiene and Safety: Sanitary napkin vending machines
typically dispenseindividually packaged sanitary napkins,
ensuring hygiene and preventing contamination
5. Affordability: Some vending machines offer sanitary napkins at
affordable prices, making them accessible to women from various
socio economic backgrounds
6. Empowerment: Access to menstrual hygiene products is not only a
matter ofconvenience but also an issue of women's empowerment.
By providing easy access to sanitary napkins, vending machines
empower women to continue their daily activities without
disruption, enhancing their productivity, comfort,and overall well-
being.
7. Health and Well-being: Proper menstrual hygiene management is
essential for maintaining women's health and well-being. By
promoting access to sanitary napkins through vending machines, the
risk of improper hygiene practices, such as using inadequate or
unclean alternatives, is reduced. This, inturn, contributes to better
menstrual health outcomes and lowers the risk of infections or other
menstrual-related health issues.

7.3 Research Design

Research Objectives: Clearly define the objectives of research. For example:
 To evaluate the usability and user experience of the sanitary

napkin vendingmachine.
 To assess the effectiveness of the vending machine in improving
access tomenstrual hygiene products.
 To identify any challenges or limitations in the implementation and
usage ofthe vending machine.
 To gather feedback and suggestions for potential
improvements or additionalfeatures.
Sampling: Determine the target population or users for your research.

Consider factors such as age, gender, location, and specific contexts (e.g.,
schools, workplaces,public restrooms) where the vending machines are
deployed. Decide on a sample size and selection method, such as random
sampling or convenience sampling.
Ethical Considerations: Ensure that ethical guidelines are followed

throughout theresearch process. Obtain informed consent from
participants, maintain their anonymity and privacy, and handle data
securely.
Recommendations: Based on the research findings, provide

recommendations forimproving the design, functionality, and user
experience of the sanitary napkin vending machine. Consider factors such
as user feedback, usability issues, accessibility, and cultural
considerations.
Figure 15.1
Vending machine

7.4 Design Of Napkin Vending Machine
Exterior Design:
A. Compact and sturdy structure: The vending machine should

have a durableand robust exterior to withstand regular usage
and potential vandalism.
B. Clear signage: Use clear and concise signage to indicate the

purpose of themachine and instructions for use.
User Interface:
A. User-friendly interface: Design an intuitive and easy-to-use

interface withclear instructions and visual cues.
B. Display screen: Provide a display screen to show product

information, prices,and any additional instructions or messages.
Product Dispensing Mechanism:
A. Secure dispensing mechanism: Design a mechanism that

securely holds thesanitary napkins and dispenses them without
causing damage.
B. Individual packaging: Ensure that each sanitary

napkin is individuallypackaged for hygiene and
convenience.
C. Reliable product delivery: Implement a mechanism that

consistently deliversthe selected product without jams or
failures.
D. Adjustable product quantities: Provide options for users to

select and dispense varying quantities of sanitary napkins based
on their requirements.

Payment System:
A. Payment options: Incorporate multiple payment methods
such as coin-operated slots
B. Secure payment processing: Ensure that the payment

system is secure,reliable, and capable of handling
transactions efficiently.
Inventory Management:
A. Stock monitoring: Include sensors or technology to monitor the
stock levelsof sanitary napkins inside the machine, enabling timely
restocking.
B. Alerts and notifications: Implement a system that notifies the

operator ormaintenance personnel when the inventory needs
replenishment.
Safety Features:
A. Locking mechanism: Incorporate a secure locking system to
prevent unauthorized access to the machine's interior and
tampering with the productsor cash.
Maintenance and Serviceability:

A. Easy access for maintenance: Design the machine
with accessiblecomponents for easy maintenance,
repairs, and restocking.
B. Removable parts: Design components that are easily

removable andreplaceable to minimize downtime during
maintenance or repairs.
Accessibility Considerations:
A. Height and reach: Ensure the machine is accessible to users
of varying heights, including individuals with disabilities or
mobility challenges.

7.5 Technical Specification

Size and Dimensions:
1. Overall dimensions: The size is 530*140*270 determined based on

available spaceand installation requirements.
2. Weight: Consider the weight is 8kg the machine for ease of
transportation andinstallation.
Power Requirements:
1. Power supply: Specify the voltage and frequency requirements

(e.g., 110V/60Hz or220V/50Hz) for the machine's electrical
components.
2. Power consumption: Estimate the power consumption of the
machine to ensurecompatibility with the power source and to assess
energy efficiency.
User Interface and Control:

1. Display: The size and type of display, such as LCD for providing
information, instructions, and product selection.
Product Dispensing:
1. Dispensing mechanism: The mechanism used to dispense the sanitary
napkins, suchas a motor-driven.
2. Capacity: The maximum number of sanitary napkins that can be stored
and dispensedby the machine is 25 pieces.
3. Dispensing method: Specify how the sanitary napkins are individually
packaged anddispensed to the user.
Payment System:
1. Coin mechanism: The type of coin acceptor and coin validation technology
used for accepting coins as payment.
Figure 7.5
Payment system

Chapter 08
Project Implementation
8.1 Material Selection
Exterior Structure:
Steel: Stainless steel can provide durability and resistance to corrosion. It is

commonly used for the main frame or structural components.
Interior Structure:
Sheet Metal: Steel or sheets are used for internal components such as
brackets, supports, or mounting plates.
Product Dispensing Mechanism:
Metal: Components involved in the dispensing mechanism, such as chutes,

slides, or product holders, can be made from durable metal materials based
on design requirements.
Figure
8.1
Dispensig
mechanism

Payment System and Controls:
Electrical Components: High-quality electrical components, such as

connectors, wiring, and PCB (Printed Circuit Board) materials, should be
used to ensure reliableperformance and safety.
Safety and Security:
Reinforced Steel: Critical components requiring additional strength or

protection, such as locking mechanisms or coin handling areas, may benefit
from reinforced steel.
Tamper-Proof Screws: These special screws can be used to deter

unauthorized access and tampering.

8.2 Installation Procedure
Site Selection:
Identify a suitable location for the vending machine. Consider factors such
as highfoot traffic, visibility, accessibility, and availability of power sources.
Obtain Necessary Permissions:
Check local regulations and obtain any required permits or permissions for installing
a vending machine at the chosen location.
Pre-Installation Preparation:
Measure the dimensions of the vending machine to ensure it fits the

designated space.Prepare the site by ensuring a clean, level surface for the
machine's installation.
Transportation and Unpacking:
Safely transport the vending machine to the installation site, taking care to
avoid anydamage during transit.
Power Connection:
Identify the appropriate power source and ensure it meets the electrical
requirementsof the vending machine (voltage, frequency). Safely connect the
vending machine to the power source, following electrical safety guidelines
and any specific instructions provided.
Placement and Leveling:
Position the vending machine in the designated location, ensuring it is aligned

properly and centered within the space.
Use a level tool to ensure the machine is perfectly level. Adjust the leveling
feet oradd shims as necessary.

Secure the Machine:
If required, secure the vending machine to the floor or wall using

appropriate hardware to prevent theft or unauthorized movement.
Inventory Stocking:
Ensure that the inventory is properly arranged, and the dispensing mechanism
is functioning correctly.
Configuration and Testing:
Power on the machine and follow the manufacturer's instructions to configure

settingssuch as pricing, product selection, and any other customization options.
Conduct thorough testing of all machine functions, including product
dispensing, payment processing, and user interface. Ensure that all
components, sensors, and mechanisms are operating as intended.
Signage and Instructions:
Install clear and visible signage on or around the vending machine,

providing instructions for users on how to operate the machine, make
payments, and seek assistance if needed.
Maintenance and Servicing:
Establish a maintenance schedule and plan for regular servicing, cleaning, and
restocking of the vending machine.

8.2.1 Monitoring And Maintenance Of Napkin Vending
Regular Inspections:
Conduct routine visual inspections of the vending machine to check for any
physicaldamage, signs of wear and tear, or tampering.
Inspect the exterior, internal components, dispensing mechanism, payment
system,and user interface for any issues.
Inventory Management:
Monitor the inventory levels of sanitary napkins regularly to ensure an
adequate supply for users.
Establish a restocking schedule based on usage patterns and refill the
machine as needed.
Utilize inventory tracking systems or sensors to automate and streamline the
restocking process.
Machine Cleaning:
Clean the vending machine regularly to maintain hygiene and present a clean
appearance.
Wipe down the exterior surfaces, display screens, buttons, and other
touchpoints withsuitable cleaning solutions.
Follow the manufacturer's recommendations for cleaning specific components
or sensitive areas.
Payment System Maintenance:

Test and calibrate the coin mechanism periodically to ensure accurate and
reliable transactions.
Clean and remove any debris or obstructions from the payment system components.
Mechanical and Electrical Maintenance:

Lubricate moving parts of the dispensing mechanism and other mechanical
components to prevent friction and ensure smooth operation.
Check and tighten any loose screws, bolts, or connectors.
Inspect wiring and connectors for any signs of damage or wear, and repair or
replacethem as needed.

Chapter 09
Features Of Vending Machine
9.1 Advantages of vending machine
Convenience and Accessibility:

Napkin vending machines provide convenient access to sanitary napkins in public
spacessuch as restrooms, schools, workplaces, malls, and transportation hubs. Users
can easily obtain sanitary napkins whenever needed, eliminating the inconvenience
and embarrassment of searching for or asking others for assistance.
Hygiene and Sanitation:

Napkin vending machines ensure that sanitary napkins are dispensed in a hygienic
manner, individually packaged and protected from contamination. Users can trust the
quality and cleanliness of the sanitary napkins obtained from vending machines,
promoting better menstrual hygiene management.
Privacy and Dignity:

Vending machines offer users a discreet and private way to access sanitary napkins.
They canchoose and obtain the product they need without drawing attention or
feeling embarrassed.
24/7 Availability:
Napkin vending machines operate around the clock, providing access to sanitary
napkins atany time, even outside regular store hours. This is especially beneficial in
emergency situations or during unexpected menstrual needs.
Cost-Effectiveness:
Vending machines offer a cost-effective solution for obtaining sanitary napkins, as
they eliminate the need for physical stores or personnel to facilitate the purchase.
Users can purchase individual napkins, reducing wastage and expenses compared to
buyingfull packs of sanitary napkins.

Income Generation:
For establishments or organizations that install napkin vending machines, it can serve
as a source of additional income by charging a reasonable price for the sanitary
napkins. The revenue generated from vending machine sales can help cover the
costs of maintenance, restocking, and other expenses.
Awareness and Education:

Napkin vending machines can be used as a platform to provide educational
materials, pamphlets, or resources related to menstrual hygiene, promoting awareness
and knowledgeamong users.
Sustainability:
Vending machines can be equipped with sensors and inventory management
systems to optimize stock levels, reducing wastage and ensuring timely restocking.
By promoting the use of individual napkins, vending machines contribute to
reducing excessive packaging and plastic waste associated with larger pack sizes.
Overcoming Stigma and Taboos:

Menstruation is often surrounded by social stigma and taboos in many societies.
By makingsanitary napkins available through vending machines, the normalization
of menstruation is promoted, challenging societal norms and empowering women to
openly discuss and addressmenstrual health.
Confidence and Comfort:

With access to sanitary napkins through vending machines, women can feel more
confidentand comfortable during their menstrual cycles. They can focus on their
daily activities without worry or discomfort, which positively impacts their
overall well- being and productivity.
Dignity and Empowerment:

Access to sanitary napkins through vending machines promotes dignity and
empowermentfor women and girls.
It eliminates the need to rely on others, reduces feelings of embarrassment, and
allows women to manage their menstrual health independently, enhancing their
overall well- beingand self-esteem.

Improved Menstrual Hygiene Management:

Napkin vending machines facilitate proper menstrual hygiene management by
providing a convenient and hygienic way to obtain sanitary napkins. Women and
girls can change their sanitary napkins as needed, reducing the risk of infectionsand
other menstrual-related health issues.
Reduced School Absenteeism:

In educational settings, napkin vending machines can have a positive impact by
reducing school absenteeism among girls. Access to sanitary napkins ensures that
girls can attend school regularly, even during their periods, without worrying about
discomfort or the lack of menstrual products.
Prevention of Health Issues:

Access to clean and hygienic sanitary napkins through vending machines helps
prevent various menstrual-related health issues, such as infections, rashes, or
irritations caused by unhygienic alternatives or prolonged use of the same product.
Social Equality and Gender Sensitivity:

Napkin vending machines promote social equality by addressing gender-specific
needs and ensuring that women have equal access to menstrual hygiene products.
They contribute to a more inclusive and gender-sensitive society, where women's
menstrualhealth is given due importance and support.

9.2 Limitations Of Napkin Vending Machine
Initial Investment and Maintenance Costs:

Installing and maintaining vending machines can involve a significant initial
investment and ongoing costs. Expenses include the purchase of the vending machine
itself, installation charges, restocking fees, maintenance, repairs, and regular
servicing.
Limited Availability and Reach:

Napkin vending machines may not be widely available or accessible in all locations. Rural
areas or less developed regions may have limited infrastructure or resources to supportthe
installation and maintenance of vending machines.
Reliance on Power Supply:

Napkin vending machines require a stable and uninterrupted power supply to
operate effectively. Power outages or disruptions can impact the functioning of the
machines, leading to temporary unavailability of sanitary napkins.
Technical Malfunctions and Maintenance:

Like any mechanical or electronic device, vending machines can experience
technical malfunctions or breakdowns. Regular maintenance and prompt repairs are
necessary to ensure smooth operation, which may require technical expertise and
additional costs.
Theft and Vandalism:

Vending machines can be vulnerable to theft, vandalism, or misuse. Measures such as
surveillance cameras or secure installation can help mitigate these risks, butthey do not
eliminate them entirely.

Dependence on Users' Willingness to Pay:

The success and sustainability of vending machines rely on users' willingness to pay
for the sanitary napkins. Some individuals may be hesitant to pay for the products,
especially in areas with limited financial resources or where menstrual products are
traditionally provided for free.
Limited Customization and Product Variety:

Napkin vending machines may have limitations in terms of the variety of sanitary
napkins available. Users may have specific preferences or requirements, such as
different sizes, thicknesses, ororganic options, which may not be catered to by the
vending machine.
Lack of Personalized Assistance:

Vending machines do not offer personalized assistance or guidance, unlike interacting
with astore attendant or healthcare professional. Users may require additional
information or support regarding their menstrual health, which vending machines
may not be able to provide.
Lack of Awareness and Education:

Limited awareness and education about menstrual health and hygiene can
contribute to the stigma surrounding menstruation. In societies where discussions
around menstruation are considered taboo, the need for napkin vending machines
may not be recognized or understood. Lack of information about the benefits and
functioning of vending machines may also hinder their adoption.
Gender Sensitivities:
Menstruation is often considered a women's issue, and in some cultures, men
may feel uncomfortable or reluctant to address the topic or support initiatives like
napkin vending machines. Overcoming gender biases and sensitizing individuals of
all genders to the importance of menstrual health and hygiene is crucial for the
successful implementation of vending machines.

Chapter 10
Conclusion And Future Scope
In conclusion, sanitary napkin vending machines and incinerators have proven to be

valuable solutions in addressing menstrual hygiene management challenges. They provide
convenience, accessibility, and proper disposal methods for menstrual products, promoting
women's health, well- being, and gender equality. The future scope of these initiatives involves
expanding their reach, incorporating technological advancements, conducting educational
programs, promoting sustainable alternatives, and ensuring integration with waste
management systems.
Expanding the presence of sanitary napkin vending machines and incinerators in public
spaces, schools, workplaces, and community centers is crucial to ensure widespread
accessibility for women and girls. This would eliminate barriers and ensure that menstrual
products and disposal facilities are easily available to all, regardless of their socio-
economic background.
Technological advancements can enhance the functionality and user experience of these
solutions. Cashless payment options, touchless operation, and real-time monitoring
systems can improve convenience and efficiency. Automated stock management and sensors
can ensure a constant supply of products and streamline maintenance processes.
Educational initiatives and awareness campaigns are essential for breaking stigmas,
dispelling myths, and promoting positive attitudes towards menstruation. By educating
women, girls, and communities about menstrual health and hygiene practices, these
programs empower individuals to make informed decisions and promote a supportive
environment.
Promoting sustainable alternatives to disposable sanitary napkins, such as menstrual cups

and cloth pads, is a future direction. These alternatives reduce waste and environmental
impact, contributing to sustainability and ecological consciousness.
Integration with waste management systems is crucial for proper disposal. Collaboration
among government bodies, waste management agencies, and stakeholders is needed to
establish protocols and infrastructure, ensuring efficient waste collection, segregation, and
disposal.

Reference
[1]. https://www.ijeast.com/papers/218-222,Tesma412,IJEAST.pdf
[2]. https://www.academia.edu/42927012/
DESIGN_OF_PORTABLE_SANITARY_NAPKIN_VENDING_MACHINE
[3]. https://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2205A24.pdf
[4]. https://smartnet.niua.org/sites/default/files/snvm_hdscl_tender_doc_13.8.18.pdf
[5]. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342344103_Design_and_Manufact
uring_of_Pad_Dispensing_Machine_by_Using_Online_Payment_Gateway
[6]. https://www.bepcssa.in/en/dt/EOI%20-%20Sanitary%20Pad%20Vending%20Maching%20&
%20Incinerators.pdf
[7]. https://www.matchinggrants.org/global/pdf/doc1388-1186.pdf
[8]. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
333447556_Manufacturing_of_Cost_Efficient_Sanitary_Napkins_Incinerator_Machine
[9]. https://www.ijeast.com/papers/218-222,Tesma412,IJEAST.pdf
[10]. http://ijariie.com/AdminUploadPdf/Sanitary_napkin_Disposal_system_ijaiie12029.pdf
[11]. https://books.google.co.in/books/about/The_Complete_Vending_Machine_Fundamental.ht ml?

id=5_UxJQc3bYQC&redir_esc=y
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e157607423.html

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SANITARY NAPKIN INCINERATOR AND VENDING

In Partial fulfilment for the award of the Diploma in Engineering

Government Polytechnic College Pala

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE PALA 686575

This is to certify that the project report entitled “SANITARY NAPKIN

MR. NEVIN JOSE MRS. BINU B R

Internal Guide Head Of Section

Date: Place: Pala, Kottayam

I express my sincere gratitude to our principal, Mrs. ANI ABRAHAM

I stand grateful to Mrs. BINU B R, Professor and Head of the Department of

I am indebted to my seminar guide Mr. NEVIN JOSE (Lecturer in Electrical

02 ALBIN MATHEW 20030593

The combination of a sanitary napkin vending machine and incinerator presents a

03 Installation And Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 06

04 Materials And Specification Of Incinerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 08

06 Napkin Vending Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

09 Features Of Vending Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

10 Conclusion and Future Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

4.1 Incinerator metal chamber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Menstrual Hygiene is still one of the hardest development issues now. Do

Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering, Pala 1

1.1 Disposal of Used Sanitary Napkins

1.2 What is an Incinerator?

Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering, Pala 2

1.3 Features of sanitary napkin incinerators

 Destroys solid sanitary napkins hygienically.

Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering, Pala 3

Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering, Pala 4

2.1 Objective Of The Study

This study's aim is to analyze challenges and opportunities linked to wellness

2.2 Present Challenges in Market:

Design and Develop a Smart, Cost Effective, Efficient Sanitary Napkins

We Have Two Major Objectives for this Project

 To educate and develop awareness on utilization of Sanitary

 To install incinerators that will decrease spread of disease due to

Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering, Pala 5

Location: Choose a suitable location for the incinerator installation, considering

Ventilation: Provide adequate ventilation in the installation area to disperse any

3.1 Operation Guidelines:

Safety Precautions: Train operators on safety protocols, including the use of

Monitoring: Regularly monitor the temperature, airflow, and other relevant

Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering, Pala 6

Record-Keeping: Maintain records of incineration activities, including waste quantities,

3.2 Maintenance Guidelines:

Regular Inspections: Conduct regular inspections of the incinerator to identify

Preventive Maintenance: Follow the manufacturer's recommended maintenance

Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering, Pala 7

4.1 Metal chamber

The chamber is typically made of stainless steel or galvanized steel. The

Incinerator metal chamber

Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering, Pala 8

4.2 Heating element.

The heating element is typically made of nichrome wire, which is a high-

Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering, Pala 9

Department Of Electrical And Electronics Engineering, Pala 10

4.4 Insulation Material