Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study
Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study
Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study
RRL1829D
19 October 2022
For personal use only
ROX RESOURCES LIMITED • The Scoping Study indicates the Youanmi Gold Project is set to be
a high return project with low capital and operating costs against
ASX: RXL industry benchmarks.
Rox Resources Limited (ASX: • Projected average gold production target of approximately 71koz
RXL) is an Australian listed pa at an average feed grade of 5.0g/t Au over an approximate 8-year
company with advanced gold projected mine life.
assets in Western Australia: The • Combination of gold-in-concentrate and carbon-in-leach bullion
Youanmi Gold Project and the Mt production target considered optimum commercialisation strategy
Fisher Gold project. for Youanmi.
• Rox targeting Youanmi Pre-feasibility Study in 2023.
• Infill drilling to underpin further Feasibility Studies due for
completion in 2023.
DIRECTORS
+61 8 9226 0044 The Company believes that it has a reasonable basis for providing these forward-looking statements
and the forecast financial information based on material assumptions outlined in this release. One
of the key assumptions is that the funding for the Project will be available when required. While the
admin@roxresources.com.au Company considers all of the material assumptions to be based on reasonable grounds, there is no
certainty that they will prove to be correct or that the range of outcomes indicated by the Scoping
www.roxresources.com.au Study will be achieved.
To achieve the range of outcomes indicated in the Scoping Study, funding in the order of
Follow Rox: approximately $134m will likely be required comprising of approximately $99m in pre-production
capital expenditure and approximately $35m in working capital and assumed financing charges.
There is no certainty that the Company will be able to raise that amount of funding when needed. It
is also possible that such funding may only be available on terms that may be dilutive to or otherwise
affect the value of Rox Resources’ shares. It is also possible that Rox Resources could pursue other
value realisation strategies such as a sale, partial sale or joint venture of the Youanmi Gold Project.
If it does, this could materially reduce the Company’s proportionate ownership of the Project. Given
the uncertainties involved, investors should not make any investment decisions based solely on the
results of the Scoping Study.
West Australian focused gold exploration and development company, Rox Resources Limited (“Rox” or “the
Company”) (ASX: RXL), in conjunction with its joint venture partner Venus Metals Corporation Limited (ASX:
VMC), is pleased to present key outcomes of a technical and financial study (“Scoping Study, the Study”)
evaluating a development option for the Youanmi Gold Project near Mt Magnet, WA, in the OYG JV area (Rox
For personal use only
Following a substantial upgrade to the Youanmi underground gold resource in January 2022, and a subsequent
increase to the near surface resource in April 2022, the Company commenced scoping work to understand the
economics and likely development scenarios for the Youanmi Gold Project. The project-wide resource currently
stands at 27.9Mt at 3.57g/t Au for 3.2Moz Au contained gold. The Study is based on this resource estimate.
Drilling and metallurgical testwork has been ongoing since commencement with results expected to enhance
the production target (and financial) outcomes presented in this Scoping Study.
The Youanmi Gold Mine has seen high grade gold production in the past with circa 667koz previously mined at
the project in total. From available historical data (1987 onwards), open pit mining showed an average mined
grade of 3.4g/t Au, while underground mining showed an average of 11g/t Au.
The mining and processing of sulphide material via production from underground operations between 1994 and
1997 are particularly relevant to this Study. The existing decline will be rehabilitated and provide an early
platform for development and accessing high grade material. The previous operation produced a concentrate
as an intermediate step in the process plant. The data from this concentrate production phase in addition to
Rox’s own testwork indicates that marketable gold concentrates can be produced from the Youanmi sulphide
material.
A summary of the Study is shown below with additional details provided in the Scoping Study Executive
Summary attached to this announcement.
All results are based on the Youanmi Gold Project in 100% terms (Rox 70% economic interest and Venus 30%
economic interest), unless otherwise stated.
All financial results are provided in Australian dollars unless stated otherwise.
Study Highlights
• Average annual gold production target of approximately 71koz per annum with average gold head
grade of 5.0g/t Au for total gold production target of approximately 569koz over an 8-year life of mine
(“LOM”):
o First three years of the production target underpinned by 79% / 21% Indicated to Inferred
Resource Material in the production target plan
o Dewatering infrastructure in place and well understood with contingency for greater inflows than
expected
o Mine plan rapidly opens up high grade and high confidence resource areas
• Total pre-production capital expenditure, working capital and assumed financing charges of
approximately $134m:
o Capital cost of 480ktpa processing plant and site infrastructure of approximately $99m;
o Working capital and other costs (i.e. financing charges) of approximately $35m; and
o Capital intensity of approximately $1,386/oz based on average annual gold production target
given high margin production target and long-life cash flows
• Compelling financial outcomes reflecting the high grade and low capital intensity of the Youanmi Gold
Project^:
o Project life of 8 years
o Cumulative EBITDA of approximately $577m over the life of the Project
o Pre-tax undiscounted free cash flow of approximately $418m over the life of the Project
o Pre-tax and unleveraged Net Present Value (NPV5%) of approximately $303m
o Pre-tax and unleveraged Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of approximately 45%
o Pre-tax and unleveraged payback of approximately 3.0 years (from commencing the production
target)
^ Based on a gold price of $2,450/oz other key assumptions are outlined on pages 6 to 16 of this release.
• In the current market environment, the Study has focused on high quality outcomes at a low capital
cost. The following presents upside to the financial outcomes:
o Only 20% of Youanmi Mineral Resource is included in the mining production target of this
Scoping Study, providing additional opportunities to extend Project life and increase the
production target rate
o Growth in Open Pit mined material: underground material produces strong cash flows which
can de-risk the Project and be used to assist with funding the expansion to include open pits
o Further exploration to increase near surface resource size and grade
o Underground resource growth: resource remains open down dip and along strike. Link parallel
zone only delineated to shallow depths whereas Mine Lode extends to +1,000mbgl
o More than 50km strike of Youanmi Shear Zone is largely untested by historic drilling. Regional
deposits to contribute to longer term plant feed
Rox, like our peers, has not been exempt from the high cost-inflationary environment, and chose to prioritise
high-grade, low-cost ounces through the production target of gold-in-concentrate as the preferred method for
commercialisation of the Youanmi Project.
Importantly, the Study shows low pre-production capital expenditure of approximately $99m required to
establish operations at Youanmi.
Gold-in-concentrate is a proven, highly efficient method for producing saleable gold product, with other Western
Australian operations realising strong cash flows from this approach.
Despite the majority of open-pit material and 73% of the underground resource material excluded from the Study
production target (expected to change with project advancement) the Project financial model demonstrates
strong cash flows on this base case.
Through ongoing, systematic and targeted drilling campaigns, we intend to continue to convert Inferred
Resources to the Indicated category at the OYG JV, while adding ounces through Resource expansion and
regional exploration drilling.
The Youanmi Resource remains open down dip and along strike, with the maximum depth of the Mine Lode
interpretation about -600mRL, 1060m below the natural surface. Regional exploration programs are testing
more than 50km strike of Youanmi Shear Zone that remains largely untested by historic drilling, with follow up
Aircore and RC drilling planned along strike and down dip of newly identified mineralisation.
We look forward to continuing to rapidly progress the project to commercialisation and are targeting a Pre-
feasibility Study in 2023.”
Project is around 140km along the Paynes Find Sandstone Road. Paynes Find is 480km from Perth on the
sealed Great Northern Highway. The Project has an operating airstrip located on site with flight time from Perth
around 90 minutes for most aircraft.
• OYG JV (Rox 70% all minerals) - covers 65km2, is circa 10km x 7km wide, and surrounds the Youanmi
For personal use only
The Youanmi Project Scoping Study focuses on extraction of mineral resources located within the OYG JV
Tenements which comprise of 11 granted Mining Leases that form combined reporting group C 96/1999.
Assumptions
Financials
Discount Rate % 5
Project Valuation1
Notes:
1. Financial results are unleveraged and pre-tax numbers calculated based on 100% basis. Rox as Manager of the OYG Joint Venture
owns 70% and Venus owns 30%.
2. Payback period is calculated from the first month of gold the production target.
3. Capital intensity is calculated by dividing pre-production capital by annual payable metal.
for extraction in this Scoping Study production target, approximately 79% are classified as Indicated and 21%
as Inferred in the first three years of the production target. Approximately 63% are classified as Indicated and
37% as Inferred during the 8-year evaluation period. The Youanmi Gold Project has been mined over four main
campaigns since discovery of the original orebody in 1894, with approximately 667koz produced. The Company
therefore considers the Youanmi Gold Project to be a very mature project which increases the confidence of
converting the current Mineral Resources into Ore Reserves.
120
Indicated
Inferred 98
100
84
78
80
Annual Payble Metal (koz)
66 67
60 60
60 56
40
20
0
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8
Base
Case
Gold Price
$2,000 $2,100 $2,200 $2,300 $2,400 $2,450 $2,500 $2,600 $2,700
(A$/oz)
NPV $m 106 150 193 237 281 303 325 368 412
IRR % 20 26 32 37 43 45 48 54 59
Payback years 4.9 4.6 4.0 3.7 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.3
Annual EBITDA $m 41 48 55 62 69 72 76 82 89
LOM EBITDA $m 329 384 439 494 549 577 604 659 714
LOM Free Cash
Flow
$m 171 226 281 336 391 418 446 500 555
• High grade resource. The Youanmi Gold Project has an indicated category gold resource of 1.3Moz at
an average grade of 3.32g/t Au. Notably the underground resource portion of this resource (see ASX
announcement 20 April 2022) is 744koz at 7.55g/t Au;
• Leveraging off existing infrastructure in place including an existing underground decline, village, tailings
disposal facility, bore field, process water, airstrip and access roads;
• Significant past operating knowledge which has been used to make the Project more robust; and
• Upside in relation to near-mine resource growth and regional exploration.
$400
GMD
EV / Attributable Measured & Indicated Resource ounces ($/oz)
Average = $276/oz
$350
$300
$250
MGV
AME
$200
$150
Average = $53/oz KIN
BC8 MEK
$100 AUC
STN HRN
HRZ RXL = $38/oz
$50
High quality and
large resource with
compelling
valuation
$0
-$50
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
Measured & Indicated Resource Grade (g/t Au)
Figure 4. EV / Attributable Measured & Indicated Resource Ounces vs Grade for Comparable Gold Companies1
Notes:
optimising the processing flow sheet including ultrafine grinding, pressure oxidation and Albion. All of these
methods successfully produce gold doré. The highest financial return, lowest technical risk option and the
Company’s base case is to use conventional processing methods.
The plant will treat 480ktpa and on average produce 78koz of gold in concentrate and doré annually.
Capital Cost
Capital costs are derived from a number of sources including quotes and budget pricing from suppliers and
estimates based on recent actual pricing from WA similar mines. They include all pre-production site, process
plant, tailings dam, and mining development related including dewatering, as well as sustaining capital post
production target start-up.
Site Infrastructure $m 6 5
Processing Facilities $m 66 46
Water Management $m 6 4
Underground Development $m 19 12
Open Pit $m 2 2
Total Pre-Production $m 99 69
Underground $m 38 27
Other $m 21 14
Total $m 59 41
Site G&A 19 5 35
Transportation Charge 52 13 91
Royalty 46 12 81
Sustaining Capital 57 14 99
Notes:
1. Operating costs presented in table above were calculated based on recovered gold after payability.
2. C1 cash cost includes mining, processing, administration, concentrate charges and accounting adjustments for stockpile
movements.
3. All-In Sustaining Cost (AISC) per ounce payable includes C1 cash cost, royalties and sustaining capital. It does not include
corporate cost, exploration cost and non-sustaining capital.
approximately $99m. The Company has formed the view that there is a reasonable basis to believe that
requisite future funding for development of the Project will be available when required. The grounds on which
this reasonable basis is established include:
• The Project has strong technical and economic fundamentals which provides an attractive return on
capital investment and generates robust cashflows at conservative gold prices. This provides a strong
platform to source debt and equity funding.
• The Company has received significant interest from various financial institutions, credit funds and
private equity firms regarding financing for the project, with preliminary discussions occurring.
• The Company has a strong track record of raising equity funds as and when required to further the
exploration and evaluation of the Youanmi Gold Project.
• The Company has appointed Argonaut PCF as its corporate debt advisor in relation to the funding of
the Youanmi Gold Project. Argonaut PCF have extensive experience in funding resource projects,
including Western Australian gold projects.
There is, however, no certainty that the Company will be able to source funding as and when required. Typical
project development financing would involve a combination of debt and equity. It is possible that such funding
may only be available on terms that may be dilutive to or otherwise affect the value of the Company’s existing
shares.
PFS work will immediately commence in parallel with infill drilling at Youanmi to convert inferred resources to
indicated resources, ongoing exploration and resource growth.
Authorised for release to the ASX by the Board of Rox Resources Limited.
Alex Passmore
Managing Director
Rox Resources Limited
Tel: +61 8 9226 0044
E: admin@roxresources.com.au
Where reference is made to previous releases of exploration results in this announcement, the Company confirms that it is not aware of any
new information or data that materially affects the information included in those announcements and all material assumptions and technical
parameters underpinning the exploration results included in those announcements continue to apply and have not materially changed.
The information in this report that relates to previous Exploration Results was prepared and first disclosed under the JORC Code 2012 and
has been properly and extensively cross-referenced in the text to the date of the original announcement to the ASX.
Resource Statements
The information in this release that relates to Mineral Resources as those terms are defined in the 2012 Edition of the "Australasian Code
for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserve", is based on information reviewed by Mr David Allmark, a
Competent Person who is a member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and the Australian Institute of Geoscientists. Mr
Allmark is a full -time employee of the Company. Mr Allmark has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type
of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the
‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. Mr Allmark consents to the inclusion in the
report of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
The Statement of Estimates of Mineral Resources for the Youanmi Near Surface Resource was reported by Rox in accordance with ASX
Listing Rule 5.8 in the announcement released to the ASX on 20th April 2022. Rox confirms it is not aware of any new information or data
that materially affects the information included in the previous announcements and that all material assumptions and technical parameters
underpinning the estimates in the previous announcements continue to apply and have not materially changed.
The Statement of Estimates of Mineral Resources for the Youanmi Underground Resource was reported by Rox in accordance with ASX
Listing Rule 5.8 in the announcement released to the ASX on 20th January 2022. Rox confirms it is not aware of any new information or
data that materially affects the information included in the previous announcements and that all material assumptions and technical
parameters underpinning the estimates in the previous announcements continue to apply and have not materially changed.
The information in this Scoping Study release is based on information compiled by Mr Matt Antill, a Competent Person who is a Fellow of
the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Antill is a full-time employee of the company. Mr Antill is eligible to participate in short
and long term incentive plans in the Company. Mr Antill has sufficient experience in the study, development and operation of gold projects
and consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements in this report relate to the future, including forward-looking statements relating to the Company’s financial position,
strategy and expected operating results. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions,
and other important factors that could cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company to be materially different from
future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such statements. Actual events or results may differ materially from
the events or results expressed or implied in any forward-looking statement and deviations are both normal and to be expected. Other than
required by law, neither the Company, their officers nor any other person gives any representation, assurance or guarantee that the
occurrence of the events expressed or implied in any forward-looking statements will actually occur. You are cautioned not to place undue
reliance on those statements.
Consideration of Modifying Factors in the format specified by JORC Code (2012) Section 4.
Musgrave Pre-feasibility
MGV 100% 5.1 2.6 435 7.2 2.1 492 12.3 2.3 927 5.1 2.6 435 435 249 ASX Announcement on
Minerals Ltd Study
07/10/2022
Perfectly Positioned
Genesis Corporate Presentation
GMD 100% Resource 0.8 5.3 135 19.7 1.6 1,025 18.8 1.4 857 39.3 1.6 2,017 20.5 1.8 1,160 1,160 354
Minerals Ltd - ASX Announcement
on 10/10/2022
Sydney Mining Club
Definitive
Presentation - ASX
AUC Ausgold Ltd 100% Feasibility 19.0 1.3 800 26.8 1.1 984 9.5 1.0 370 56.0 1.2 2,160 45.8 1.2 1,784 1,784 42
Announcement on
Study
06/10/2022
Annual Report 2022 -
AME Alto Metals Ltd 100% Resource 3.0 1.7 159 9.4 1.6 476 12.4 1.6 635 3.0 1.7 159 159 225 ASX Announcement on
30/09/2022
Definitive Investor Update - ASX
KIN Kin Mining NL 100% Feasibility 0.8 1.3 31 17.8 1.4 803 15.9 1.1 573 34.5 1.3 1,407 18.6 1.4 834 834 90 Announcement on
Study 14/10/2022
Gold Resources
Horizon Pre-feasibility Increase to 1.24Moz -
HRZ 100% 1.5 1.3 63 13.9 1.8 791 7.5 1.7 386 22.6 1.7 1,240 15.4 1.7 854 854 38
Minerals Ltd Study ASX Announcement on
28/09/2022
New Coyote Geological
Definitive Model Driving High-
Black Cat
BC8 100% Feasibility 0.4 5.6 66 11.1 2.5 881 13.0 2.5 1,055 24.5 2.5 2,000 11.5 2.6 947 947 52 Grade Success - ASX
Syndicate Ltd
Study Announcement on
10/10/2022
Investor Presentation
Saturn Metals Pre-feasibility Gold Forum Americas -
STN 100% 41.0 0.6 760 35.0 0.6 710 76.0 0.6 1,469 41.0 0.6 760 760 32
Ltd Study ASX Announcement on
21/09/2022
Drilling and Pre-
Feasibility Study
Meeka Gold Pre-feasibility
MEK 100% 0.2 11.4 55 7.9 2.7 670 5.2 2.4 390 13.1 2.6 1,115 8.0 2.8 725 725 86 Update - ASX
Ltd Study
Announcement on
30/09/2022
High Grades and Wide
Gold Intercepts
Horizon Gold Returned from RC
HRN 100% Resource 24.3 1.5 1,149 12.5 1.6 644 36.8 1.5 1,794 24.3 1.5 1,149 1,149 36
Ltd Drilling - ASX
Announcement on
19/09/2022
Annual Report 2022 -
Rox
RXL 70% Scoping Study 12.1 3.3 1,296 15.8 3.8 1,903 27.9 3.6 3,199 12.1 3.3 1,296 907 38 ASX Announcement
Resources Ltd
on 28/09/2022
Notes:
1. M&I means Measured and Indicated Resource. Attributable figures have been calculated by multiplying the total input with the project ownership percentage.
Cash and cash equivalents balances 30 June 2022 Appendix 5B Cash Flow Report – Quarter Ended 30 June 2022
Executive
Summary
SCOPING STUDY
YOUANMI
GOLD PROJECT
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 1 | 54
Executive Summary Table of Contents
Contents
Introduction.............................................................................................................................................. 3
Study Team ............................................................................................................................................. 5
For personal use only
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 2 | 54
Introduction
The Youanmi Project is situated approximately 480km to the northeast of Perth and is around 400km
inland from Geraldton and lies within the East Murchison Mineral Field of Western Australia. Road
access to the Project is around 140km along the Paynes Find Sandstone Road. Paynes Find is 480km
from Perth on the sealed Great Northern Highway. The Project has an operating airstrip located on site
with flight time from Perth around 90 minutes for most aircraft.
For personal use only
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 3 | 54
The Youanmi Gold Project consists of four joint ventures with Venus Metals Corporation Limited (VMC)
and tenements 100% owned by Rox Resources Limited (“Rox” or the “Company”). The joint ventures
are:
• OYG JV (Rox 70% all minerals) - covers 65km2, is circa 10km x 7km wide, and surrounds the
Youanmi Gold Mine and nearby extensions
• Currans Find JV (Rox 45%, all minerals) – covers 4km2
For personal use only
The Youanmi Project Scoping Study focuses on extraction of mineral resources located within the OYG
JV Tenements which comprise of 11 granted Mining Leases that form combined reporting group
C96/1999.
The Company has considered various options to develop the Project including producing only
concentrates, building an Albion ProcessTM to produce bullion on site, or various combinations.
The Company has determined that a combination of gold-in-concentrate and carbon-in-leach (CIL)
bullion production target is the optimum commercialisation strategy for Youanmi. This option provides
a shorter pre-production period, lower capital requirement and shorter payback period, lowering the
risks of the Project. The financial model of the Project was completed on 100% basis and was built on
this option using the following key assumptions:
Table 1. Key Physicals Assumptions
Assumptions
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 4 | 54
Study Team
The Scoping Study was compiled by the Company with technical input and reviewed by a range of
independent experts.
Table 2. Study Team and Independent Experts
For personal use only
Area Completed by
Geology
Resource Model - Near Surface Lynn Widenbar and Associates
Resource Model - Underground In House
Resource Model - Underground Review CSA Global
Drillhole Database Management Geobase
Structural Review Model Earth
Mining Technical
Geotechnical Engineering - Open Pit PGM Geotechnical
Geotechnical Engineering - Underground Turner Mining and Geotechnical
Surface Hydrology Rockwater
Hydrogeology Rockwater
Mine Dewatering In House
Open Pit Optimisations - Whittle SRK Consulting
Underground Stope Optimisations - MSO Deswik In House
Underground Stope Optimisations - Review SRK Consulting
Open Pit Designs APEG Mining
Underground Designs (SURPAC / DESWIK) In House
Primary Ventilation Simulation (VENTSIM) In House
Open Pit Schedules (Excel) In House
Underground Mining Schedules (DESWIK) In House
Metallurgy and Processing
Grace Open Pit Metallurgical Testwork IMO
Underground Metallurgical Testwork Management OMC
Underground Metallurgical Testwork POX / UFG ALS
Underground Metallurgical Testwork Albion Process Core Technologies
Process Plant Design (POX, Albion, UFG) Como Engineers
Cost Modelling
Power Supply Costing KPS
Processing 300 ktpa Plant – Capital and Operating Costs Como Engineers
Processing Scaled to 480 ktpa Plant - Capital and Operating Costs Maca Interquip
TSF Capital Cost In House
RO Plant Novatron
Other Site Infrastructure In House
Mining Open Pit and Underground In House
Site Administration In House
Village Expansion Capital Grounded
Village Services Northern Rise
Charter Flights Skipper Aviation
Lake Noondie Pipeline PPS
Heritage and Environment
Permitting and Compliance Status Ecospine
Oversee Flora Fauna and Heritage Planning Clark Lindbeck
Flora - Main Site and Lake Noondie Native Vegetation Solutions
Flora - Downstream of Evaporation Ponds Terratree
Fauna Western Ecological
Heritage - Site AHA Logic
Heritage - Lake Noondie and Pipeline Access Terra Rosa
ESG Strategy Support ESG Capital
Grace Stage 1 – Waste Rock Characterisation Mine Earth
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 5 | 54
Property Description and Ownership
The Youanmi Mine Site is located around 140km east of Payne’s Find via unsealed road in well
maintained condition. The Near Surface Resource, and Underground Resource for which this Scoping
Study contemplates mining portions of, are located mainly within the “OYG Tenements” which refers to
11 mining tenements which are subject to the conditions of the OYG Joint Venture Agreement (Rox
Resources 70%, Venus Metals 30%).
For personal use only
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 6 | 54
Geology and Mineral Resource
The Youanmi Gold Deposit is located in the central part of the Youanmi Greenstone Belt, which is
situated in the Southern Cross Province of the Archaean Yilgarn Craton in Western Australia.
The greenstone belt is about 80km long and 25km wide and incorporates the Youanmi Shear Zone, a
NE-trending major crustal-scale structure and most likely source of hydrothermal fluids through the
For personal use only
region.
The geology of the Mine Area consists of a north to north-northwest trending greenstone succession
comprising strongly magnetic tholeiitic basalt, sheared basalt, banded iron formation and mafic schist.
The greenstone succession is bounded to the east by an adamellite batholith, called the Youanmi
Granite.
Gold mineralisation is hosted in both the Mine Lode Shear Zone, a 1m to 25m-wide shear zone that
has been traced along strike for over 2,300m and down-dip for 1,100m, and a series of footwall and
hanging-wall shear zones.
Gold mineralisation at Youanmi primarily takes the form of sulphide replacement styles where extensive
replacement of magnetite in the host sequence has occurred.
Sulphide replaced shear zones are structurally controlled and favour a position at or around the
greenstone-granite contact. The greenstone-granite contact has variable dips of between -50° to -70°W
and strikes at 330°
Gold is intimately associated with sulphide minerals and silicates in zones of strong hydrothermal
alteration and structural deformation. Typical Youanmi lode material consists of a sericite-carbonate-
quartz-pyrite-arsenopyrite schist or mylonite which frequently contains significant concentrations of
gold, commonly as fine, free gold particles in the silicates, occluded in sulphide minerals and in solid
solution in arsenopyrite. The lodes contain between 10% and 25% sulphide, the principal species being
pyrite (10% to 20%) and arsenopyrite (1% to 5%).
Granite hosted gold mineralisation occurs at several sites, most notably Grace and the Plant Zone
Prospects. Gold mineralisation is hosted in strong sericite altered granite, shear veins and quartz
breccia-style veins.
The mineral resource has been estimated in two parts being:
1) Near Surface Resource has been estimated by external independent consultant Widenbar and
Associates, April 2021 – 18.0Mt at 1.7g/t Au for 1.0Moz Au (refer ASX announcement 20th April
2022); and
2) Youanmi Underground Resource has been estimated in house by Rox’s Principle Resource
Geologist and audited by independent third party consultant CSA Global, January 2022 – 9.9Mt
at 6.9g/t Au for 2.2Moz Au (refer ASX announcement 20th January 2022).
Notably since 2019, Rox has completed extensive drilling programs which have contributed to tripling
the mineral resource from around 1Moz to 3Moz of contained Au metal. This Scoping Study is based
on extracting a significant portion of the Youanmi Underground Resource, as well as a minor portion of
the Near Surface Resource mineralisation contained within four high grade pits containing 96%
indicated resource.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 7 | 54
Table 3. Youanmi Mineral Resource Estimate
Notes:
1. Underground Resource last updated in January 2022
2. Grace 1.5g/t Au Cut-Off
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 8 | 54
Item Summary Comments
Critical stope spans • 70m open strike length for 15/20m sublevel intervals above
600mbs;
• 20m for 100m multi-level above 600mbs (staggered pillars on
each level); and
• 30m open strike length for 15/20m sublevel intervals below
For personal use only
600mbs.
Stope dilution • 0.2m (drillhole deviation) to 0.5m hangingwall; and
• 0.2m footwall (drillhole deviation).
Ground support • Standard 2.4m split sets and weldmesh down to 600mbs;
• 600 to 800mbs split sets and mesh with 50% dynamic support;
• Below 800mbs = dynamic support; and
• Cable bolts for all intersections.
Comments on Mine Design • Footwall access designs good;
• End access for deeps ok;
• Stand-off distances ok;
• Sub-level interval good for stability;
• Potential for strike drives to undercut hangingwall;
• Pits and portals not evaluated;
• Extraction sequence not covered;
• Pillars required to limit open vertical height to 100m;
• Island pillars required to control overall spans; and
• Fill study required.
Future studies will incorporate results geotechnical drilling for all pit development areas.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 9 | 54
For personal use only
Figure 4. View of Existing 65 Degree Batters Adjacent to Grace Stage 1 – Good Condition After 30 Years
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 10 | 54
Hydrology and Hydrogeology
Rockwater was engaged to complete a hydrological (surface water) assessment and hydrogeological
(groundwater) assessment for the Project to scoping level.
The surface water assessment focused on the planned mining and infrastructure areas to estimate the
bunding and or drains required to protect the pits and infrastructure from flooding.
For personal use only
The groundwater assessment estimated expected inflows for mine dewatering requirements for both
the Open Pits, and Underground Mine Designs. For the open pits no large inflows are expected except
for the Mine Pit which requires dewatering to commence 12 months prior to month 1 using two 90kW
electric submersible pumps.
20
15
10
5
0
Figure 5. Open Pit Water Inflow Estimates Charted (Scoping Study Pits Highlighted)
Comprehensive data from 1990s actual dewatering records provide a high level of confidence around
expected inflows for underground mining, which stabilised at around 40 litres per second of which
around 30 litres per second was hypersaline water from the deep part of the mine. The Scoping Study
allows for around 50 litres per second of evaporation power refurbishing and using the existing
evaporation ponds.
70.0
Hillend
60.0
Deeps (Net)
50.0
Pollard
(litres/sec)
40.0
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 11 | 54
Rox has modelled dewatering of the Mine Pit and Underground, noting that 12 months lead time of
dewatering is required to access the portal for refurbishment and rehabilitation of the existing decline,
and a further 10 months of dewatering to completely dewater the mine ahead of the rehabilitation jumbo
which has allowed for 12 months of rehabilitation in the mining schedule.
For personal use only
As a contingency it was identified that dewatering to Lake Noondie could be undertaken should there
be unplanned excessive water encountered in the Underground Mine (approvals process pending).
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 12 | 54
Mine Design and Schedule
Mining Strategy
The Company strategy is focussed on developing the high-grade Youanmi Underground as well as
pursuing any beneficial open pit mining opportunities and treating on site through a newly constructed
processing plant in order to produce both gold bullion and a saleable gold concentrate. The processing
For personal use only
plant selected is matched to the Youanmi Underground production target rates and material type
(sulphide production material), and also has the ability to treat any open pit oxide and transition
production materials. As such the mining schedule is centred around the Underground Mine achieving
a production target rate of around 40,000 tonnes per month, as well as a focus on supplying in the early
years a high percentage of material from the indicated classification. As part of this strategy the higher-
grade parts of the Open Pit material which is 96% indicated classification is treated first.
The strategy embraces keeping project capital costs to a minimum while achieving robust financial
outcomes. The underground mining strategy also aims to develop and produce indicated material early
where practically achievable in order to reduce the overall resource risk profile in the early years and to
help identify the most practical infill drilling targets for which results may support further study work.
Mining Production Target Estimate
The production target totals 627koz of gold of which around 35koz of gold is from Open Pit production
via the mining of four small first or second stage open pit cutbacks in the Kathleen, Hill End, Grace, and
Pollard areas. The remaining 592koz of gold metal is from underground mining of the Youanmi
Underground Mineral Resource.
Table 5. Youanmi Scoping Study Mining Production Target
3,500,000
Indicated
3,000,000
Inferred
2,500,000
1,903,000
Au MEtal (oz)
2,000,000
1,500,000
1,000,000
1,296,000
500,000 231,000
396,000
0
Mineral Resource Mining Production Target
Figure 8. Youanmi Mineral Resource and Scoping Study Mining Production Target
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 13 | 54
Underground Stope Optimisation
The Underground Mining production targets were estimated using DESWIK software stope optimisation
processes, incorporating minimum mining with of 2.5m with 3.0m wide by 3.0m high strike drives, stope
dimensions of nominally 20m long by 15m high, hangingwall dilution of 0.3m, and footwall dilution of
0.2m, with a blanket 85% mining recovery applied to all production target material not including planned
geotechnical sill pillars. In the upper levels to around 200m below surface no sill pillars are left. Sill
For personal use only
pillars are designed in the intermediate levels from around 200m to 520m below surface and are 5m in
the vertical dimension. In the lower levels below 540m below surface a paste filling method is used
enabling 100% extraction by taking the last remaining stope levels in a 3 level panel from atop the paste
fill. Stope shapes that were too close to existing openings and or too isolated from other stope shapes
were removed from the results. Strike drive development is of dimensions 3m wide by 3m high were
designed with assumed 100% mining recovery and 10% mining dilution. The stope shapes using have
the strike drive shapes removed from their shapes to complete the process before volumes were cut
from the resource model blocks in readiness for the scheduling process.
Table 6. Youanmi Scoping Study Underground Production Targets by Area and Type
Figure 9. 3D View of Underground Design and Production Target Development and Stopes
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 14 | 54
Open Pit Optimisation
Several Open Pit optimization scenarios were run with varying processing costs, (both in house using
DESWIK, and through SRK Consulting using Whittle). For the Scoping Study only four small pit designs
were included. Despite a range of much larger economically less viable pit designs being available,
these were not included in the Scoping Study in order to align with the Company’s strategy of keeping
project capital costs to a minimum while achieving acceptable financial outcomes. The selection took
For personal use only
into account taking the highest Au grade, lowest stripping ratio, and favoured higher ratio of indicated
material contained within the designs. On this basis four of the “best” small pits were selected for
inclusion in the Scoping Study based on grade and stripping ratio containing a total of 35koz of gold.
The Open Pit Production Targets were based on applying mining dilution and production material loss
factors to the Near Surface Resource Model encapsulated within the selected pit designs using a cut-
off grade of 0.5g/t Au for Low Grade (LG) material and 1.2g/t Au for High Grade (HG) material. For
Grace Stage 1 and Grace Pollard Stage 2, a very conservative 30% mining dilution was applied to
account for the spotty nature of mineralisation in this area along with mining recovery of 95% or
production material loss of 5%. For the other two pits Kathleen and Hill End, a mining dilution factor of
15% and mining recovery factor of 95% was applied.
Total volumes for the Open Pits were reported using SURPAC software by intersecting the design pits
with the recently acquired Lidar terrain model combined with original final pit survey as-builts presently
underwater.
Total Production Target for the Scoping Study of 4.0Mt at a grade of 4.9g/t Au for 627koz Au was
defined by applying the processes described above.
Figure 10. All Open Pit Designs Considered and those Included in Scoping Study Highlighted Yellow
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 15 | 54
Table 7. Open Pit Mining Production Target Summary by Pit – Included in the Scoping Study
Grace Stage 1 531,000 2.3 1,231,000 1,161,000 17 70,000 3.3 7,000 69,000 3.4 7,000 1,000 0.4 0
Grace Stage 2
720,000 2.7 1,933,000 1,740,000 9 193,000 2.8 17,000 187,000 2.7 16,000 6,000 5.0 1,000
Pollard
Hill End 264,000 2.5 661,000 619,000 15 42,000 3.6 5,000 31,000 4.3 4,000 10,000 1.4 0
Kathleen 363,000 2.8 1,015,000 989,000 38 26,000 6.1 5,000 26,000 6.2 5,000 0 1.1 0
Total Pits 1,879,000 2.6 4,840,000 4,509,000 14 331,000 3.3 35,000 312,000 3.3 33,000 18,000 2.6 2,000
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 16 | 54
In terms of geotechnical considerations for stoping, the mine is split into three main areas:
• Hill End areas down to 356mRL (200m below surface) – localised pillars in low grade areas.
Top-down method.
• Hill End and Mine Decline areas down to -60mRL (200m to 520m below surface) – sill pillars
left every 3rd level plus localised pillars in low grade areas. Top-down method leaving sills.
• Mine Decline Areas below -60mRL – Full extraction with paste fill – mined bottom up but only
For personal use only
in panels of 3 x 15m vertically, with the final extracted panel not backfilled.
Figure 11. Schematic Long section Showing Underground Mining Method - Intermediate Levels
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 17 | 54
Each level design includes in most cases a single cut sump mined at a gradient of 1 in 6 down, a
stockpile 20m long, escapeway access and resource access. The return airway access are located off
the main declines in every loop spaced approximately 30m floor to floor.
For personal use only
Figure 13. Schematic Cross Section View of Strike Drive and Stope Geometry (1m grid)
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 18 | 54
For personal use only
Figure 14. Longsection View (North-East) of the Scoping Study LOM Development Design
Figure 15. Longsection View (North-East) Showing the Stope Designs by Area and Category
The mine scheduling was completed using the software package Deswik.Sched in combination with
Deswik.CAD. The approach assumes the use of jumbo development and primarily long-hole stoping
in combination with a truck and loader fleet. Deswik.Sched was used to optimise each of the
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 19 | 54
schedules to produce a realistic production target rate and timing for key activities and estimates for
equipment requirements.
Development in the mine has been limited to a maximum advance rate of 80m/month per heading in all
areas over the life of the schedule where multiple headings are available. The number of Jumbo’s
required is based on a maximum of 270m/month per Jumbo (twin boom jumbo) and 120m/month per
Jumbo (single boom jumbo) based on an average 3m advance.
For personal use only
The mining schedule based on these assumptions (max advance rates) was evaluated to ensure that
development advancement rates were sufficient to ensure stope tonnes remained unconstrained. The
resulting optimisation identified that up to two twin boom jumbo and four single boom jumbo would be
required during the peak production target period of the project with reduced requirements during the
early and late stages of the project.
The DESWIK schedule has been constructed to slightly exceed the required 40,000 tonnes per month
(or 480,000 tpa) of material to the surface ROM pad by 5% or 2,000 tonnes per month for a total of
42,000 tonnes per month. The mine production target requires between 4 to 5 areas to be operational
at any given time to meet this schedule with the rule of thumb for narrow vein stoping around 10,000 to
15,000 tonnes per month from each producing area. This represents around 100 rings fired for each
area assuming a 2.5m wide stope which in terms of number of firings assuming on average 3 rings fired
per firing is on average 1 stope firing per 24 hours per area.
Table 8. Underground Mining Schedule Key Physicals
M2 - M13 - M25 - M37 - M49- M61 - M73 - M85 - M97 -
LOM
M12 M24 M36 M48 M60 M72 M84 M96 M100
Lateral Development (km adv) 40.3 4.4 8.9 3.8 5.4 5.2 4.8 4.0 3.1 0.7
Vertical Development (km adv) 10.8 0.4 2.0 0.9 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.4 0.8 0.2
Production Drilling (lin km) 1,331 34 129 154 140 182 165 183 210 134
HG + LG Tonnes (kt) 3,641 96 400 398 408 513 481 495 528 322
Au Grade (g/t) 5.1 3.5 3.2 5.0 4.2 4.9 6.3 6.9 5.0 4.8
Au Metal (koz) 592 11 41 63 55 80 97 110 84 50
550000
Production Tonnage Summary 10
500000 9
450000 8
7.1
400000
7
350000 6.1 6.0 6
Grade (g/t)
6.5
Toones (t)
300000 5.5
5.0 5.0 5
250000 5.0 4.5 4.4
3.8 4.2
4.2 3.9 4
200000 3.4
3.3 3
150000
2.2 2
100000
1.5
50000 1
0 0
M2 - M12 M13 - M24 M25 - M36 M37 - M48 M49- M60 M61 - M72 M73 - M84 M85 - M96 M97-M100
Total Strike Drive Tonnes Total Stope Tonnes Total Stope Au (g/t) Total Strike Drive Au
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 20 | 54
Stope Tonnes (t) vs Grade Au (g/t)
550000 10
500000 9
450000 8
400000 7.1
For personal use only
7
6.0
350000
5.1 6
5.7
Grade (g/t)
Tonnes (t)
300000
4.5 4.4 5.5 5
250000 5.3
4.1 4
200000 4.3
3.7 3.0 3
150000 2.7
100000 2
50000 1
0 0
M2 - M12 M13 - M24 M25 - M36 M37 - M48 M49- M60 M61 - M72 M73 - M84 M85 - M96 M97-M100
Hillend - Stope Tonnes (t) MineLode - Stope Tonnes (t)
Figure 18. Year on Year Underground Production Target Schedule Colour Coded by Au Grade
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 21 | 54
The primary method of grade control is strike drive development, which using single boom jumbos is
mined under geological control. This effectively means each face is inspected by the mine geologist
and an instruction is given with respect to the direction of the next cut, or in cases instruct to go back
and strip sidewalls to ensure the mineralisation is being followed adequately. The mineralisation is
easy to follow under visual control once position is established in cross-cutting. For this reason, a small
allowance only is made for underground diamond drilling at a rate of 1 drill metre per 200 stoping tonnes
produced. This works out to be on average around 170 drill metres per month.
For personal use only
Face, stope, and ROM stockpile sampling will be conducted on a regular basis to ensure a good
understanding of metal contribution is attained in order to conduct end of month reconciliations.
Open Pit Mine Design and Schedule
Designs for selected Open Pits were completed using the parameters stated below, with the designer
following the shape of the relevant optimised pit shell:
• Bench Height– 20m
• Batter Angles – Oxide 55 degrees, Transition 60 degrees, Fresh 70 degrees
• Berm Width – 4m
• Ramp width – 12m
• Pit Base Minimum Width – 10m
• Cutback Minimum Mining Width – 10m to 15m
• Resulting Overall Slope Angles – 40 to 45 degrees
Table 9. Open Pit Design Dimensions
Figure 19. 3D View Showing The Scoping Study Pit Designs on a 500m Grid
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 22 | 54
For personal use only
Figure 20. Kathleen (on left), Hill End (on right) , Grace ST1 and Grace Pollard ST2 (lower) Pit Designs
Scheduling for the Open Pits was done using excel spreadsheets incorporating SURPAC volume and
resource data reported against detailed pit designs, and natural surface data from a Lidar survey
completed in April 2022. Top-down assumptions, and a conservative mining rate assuming a dayshift
only 2 crew operation over a 4 month period to excavate the total volume of 470,000 bcms to win nearly
11,000oz of contained metal quickly in the first 6 months of the Project. The schedule assumes
utilisation of two 100t mining fleets using excavator of size Hitachi EX1200 or equivalent and fixed body
dump trucks of size Caterpillar 777 or equivalent. Conventional Drill and Blast practices have been
assumed whereby 5.0m benches are drilled and blasted using a suitable production drillhole diameter
depending on the ground ranging from 89mm to 115mm, and incorporating ANFO in dry conditions and
Emulsion bulk product in wet conditions or where price competitive in all conditions.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 23 | 54
Monthly Total Volume (bcms) by PIT
500,000
450,000 Grace Stage I Grace St2 Pollard Hill End Kathleen
400,000
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6
Project Month
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M6
Project Month
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 24 | 54
Metallurgy and Processing
Underground Feed Metallurgical Testwork
The first phase of Scoping Study metallurgical testwork was performed on three main samples from the
Youanmi Underground deposit. They represent the largest domains in the deposit plus a sample of the
as mined Youanmi deposit taken from surface stockpiles. The following samples were prepared from
For personal use only
known drillholes based upon their spatial location. Drillhole intervals for each are documented.
• Upper Hanging Wall Domain Composite; and
• Upper Main Domain Composite.
An additional sample was also taken as it provided a low-cost method for producing a bulk composite
of the Youanmi sulphide material. This sample was characterised as well to ensure it was representative
of the sulphide material metallurgically.
• ROM Stockpile Sample – Historical mined sample taken from remnants of historical surface
stockpiles. Rock specimens were hand selected by geologists for use in the metallurgical
program. Exact location unknown.
Figure 24. Long section - Core Sample Locations for UG Scoping Level Test Work – 30 Intervals 2 Domains
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 25 | 54
Table 10. Detailed Drillhole Information for Core Used In Metallurgical Composite Samples
Down -
Oxidation Depth Collar Hole Met Composite
HoleID Depth To hole Collar East Collar RL Dip Azimuth
Domain From North Depth Sample
Width
Fresh 93YDD094 127.1 131.1 3.9 6,833,693 679,715 460 -57 69 243 Upper Hangingwall
For personal use only
Fresh 93YDD094W1 129.5 131.8 2.4 6,833,693 679,715 460 -54 62 215 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh 93YDD096 236.8 242.0 5.2 6,833,707 679,675 461 -57 77 294 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh 93YDD100 131.7 134.3 2.6 6,833,712 679,707 462 -58 62 240 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh 93YDD101 353.6 356.3 2.7 6,833,636 679,575 463 -54 64 435 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh 93YDD103 330.3 333.5 3.3 6,833,782 679,554 463 -55 81 387 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh 93YDD106 400.8 402.3 1.5 6,833,752 679,494 460 -54 64 452 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh 93YDD107 399.0 407.0 7.9 6,833,787 679,467 461 -52 67 447 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh 93YDD108 302.0 302.9 0.9 6,833,845 679,455 462 -58 74 441 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh YD0063 442.6 445.3 2.7 6,833,601 679,455 460 -57 62 558 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh YD0070 391.2 395.0 3.8 6,833,764 679,427 460 -64 67 511 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh YD0071 395.4 398.8 3.4 6,833,841 679,402 460 -66 58 491 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh YD0078 508.1 510.2 2.0 6,833,524 679,300 460 -60 64 746 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh YD0092 336.0 340.0 3.9 6,833,371 679,532 460 -45 88 685 Upper Hangingwall
Fresh 93YDD094 230.8 233.7 2.9 6,833,693 679,715 460 -57 69 243 Upper Main
Fresh 93YDD095 265.7 267.7 2.0 6,833,678 679,685 460 -55 73 281 Upper Main
Fresh 93YDD096 269.3 272.6 3.3 6,833,707 679,675 461 -57 77 294 Upper Main
Fresh 93YDD097 320.3 324.3 4.0 6,833,656 679,650 460 -56 68 339 Upper Main
Fresh 93YDD099 321.4 323.9 2.5 6,833,690 679,593 461 -55 80 387 Upper Main
Fresh 93YDD100 203.4 205.2 1.8 6,833,712 679,707 462 -58 62 240 Upper Main
Fresh 93YDD101 373.0 374.3 1.3 6,833,636 679,575 463 -54 64 435 Upper Main
Fresh 93YDD103 355.4 356.8 1.4 6,833,782 679,554 463 -55 81 387 Upper Main
Fresh 93YDD105 397.6 411.2 13.6 6,833,676 679,520 460 -55 81 474 Upper Main
Fresh 93YDD106 416.1 418.5 2.4 6,833,752 679,494 460 -54 64 452 Upper Main
Fresh 93YDD108 404.9 408.9 3.9 6,833,845 679,455 462 -58 74 441 Upper Main
Fresh 93YDD109 381.1 385.7 4.6 6,833,941 679,515 481 -71 78 414 Upper Main
Fresh YD0062 402.2 405.6 3.3 6,833,635 679,526 460 -54 63 484 Upper Main
Fresh YD0063 492.3 496.0 3.7 6,833,601 679,455 460 -57 62 558 Upper Main
Fresh YD0064 564.0 568.0 4.0 6,833,562 679,376 460 -55 58 623 Upper Main
Fresh YD0069 369.6 372.2 2.6 6,833,812 679,524 463 -62 60 422 Upper Main
A preliminary gold metallurgical characterisation program was performed in 2021 on each of the
samples to provide an insight into the performance of the materials (refer ASX announcements 6
October 2021 and 23 December 2021). The preliminary program included:
• Sample preparation and head assay;
• Standard cyanide free milling gold extraction leaching;
• Mineralogical analysis;
• Sulphide flotation testwork;
• Ultrafine grinding and cyanide leach testwork on the sulphide concentrates;
• Pressure oxidative leaching (POX) and cyanidation on sulphide concentrates; and
• Albion Process™ atmospheric oxidative leaching of finely ground sulphide concentrates
• Roasting and leaching testwork on sulphides concentrates.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 26 | 54
Both the Albion Process™ and POX Processes require flotation to make a concentrate before other
processes are applied, so sufficient information for the Concentrate Sales and CIL Option was obtained
from the characterisation programme.
The difference in payable gold between the Concentrate Sales and CIL Option and the Albion
Process™ is minor (around 1.2% difference) provided the concentrate grade attracts high payability
which it does in the present markets. On this basis the Concentrate Sales and CIL Option being less
For personal use only
capital intensive and having a lower operating cost is by far the best option.
Open Pit Metallurgical Testwork
Detailed testwork was completed on the Grace oxide mineralisation from three representative
composites by IMO (Independent Metallurgical Operations) which comprises of around 50% of the gold
produced from Open Pit Mining in the Scoping Study Schedule. This work showed excellent gravity
and overall cyanide leach recovery, with an average of 95.3% over 24hrs. In the Scoping Study 95%
was assumed for this style of mineralisation.
Table 11. Summary of Grace Oxide Metallurgical Testwork – Gravity / Cyanide Leach
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 27 | 54
For the remainder of the Open Pit oxide and transition material mined, no recent metallurgical testwork
has been completed. An overall metallurgical recovery of 90% is assumed based on historical testwork
(1986 Metskill) which surmised an expected recovery to be over 92% in Youanmi Oxides. Actual data
from the Eastmet 1980s operation is not available. Future studies are planned to incorporate new
testwork results for all potential pit areas for which work already commenced in 2022. Historical work
was also completed in 2005 by Silver Asset Pty Ltd on the Plant Zone areas which supported potential
increase in grade in the higher size fractions for oxide granite-based materials, for which future work
For personal use only
A 480ktpa circuit configured to produce a saleable gold concentrate via a standard flotation circuit as
well as gold dore via a standard CIL circuit from float tails and parts of the open pit feed was selected
for the Scoping Study model.
Capacities Considered
The Youanmi Scoping study investigated a range of throughput rates to provide information on the
impact of economies of scale and the incorporation of oxide material into the project. The following
capacities were investigated to provide a comprehensive picture of the project capacity options.
• 300ktpa - Treatment of underground sulphide material only at 300,000tpa.
• 480ktpa – Treatment of underground sulphide material only at 480,000tpa. This capacity
simulates a high yet still achievable mining rate for underground mining operations. This size
plant also allows for treatment of high-grade open pits, which being softer material can be run
through the crushing and grinding circuit at slightly higher throughput rates.
• 1.2Mtpa – Treatment of underground sulphide material and open pit oxide/transition material.
The higher-grade underground sulphide material would be mined at 480,000tpa. The lower
grade oxide material would be mined at 720,000tpa. The oxide and sulphide materials would
be treated in the same process plant in a campaigning scenario.
The model used in the Scoping Study as the base case was 480ktpa plant, which is matched to the
underground mine production rate capacities achievable based on the mine design and production
assumptions. This size processing plant also allows for treatment of high grade oxide pits. Allowance
in this option has been made to expand to a 1.2Mtpa plant size at a later date, which becomes important
in consideration of economically treatable near surface resources which become larger with a larger
processing plant due to the reduced unit costs achievable.
Process Methods Considered
For shallow Open Pit material standard CIL processes are expected to achieve high recoveries in the
Mine Lode style oxide mineralisation, which is supported by both testwork in the 1980s which found
likely recoveries to be in the range of 92% to 98%, and also by Leachwell assay results which Rox
conducted on selected intervals of various relevant drillholes. For granite hosted mineralisation east of
the main mineralised areas as is found in Grace and Plant Zone, detailed testwork conducted in 2021
showed that over 95% recovery can be obtained through gravity circuit plus standard CIL.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 28 | 54
For the Underground Mine production gold bearing material which is predominantly sulphide based a
number of processes were considered, knowing that standard CIL at regular grind sizes is not able to
achieve reasonable gold extraction. These processes included:
• Pressure Oxide Leach Process – discounted early due to high capital and operating cost,
• Albion Process™;
• UFG - Ultra Fine Grid of flotation concentrate to 10 micron to standard CIL; and
For personal use only
• Produce gold concentrate for sale and produce gold doré on site from oxide feed and also
material from the flotation tailings.
Process Flow
The option to produce a gold concentrate for sale and make gold doré on site was selected for the
Scoping Study case for a number of reasons including:
• Low capital requirements;
• Low operating costs;
• Excellent overall gold recovery achievable;
• High gold payability in concentrate sold;
• Percentage of gold produced as bullion on site;
• Flexibility to treat oxide only material; and
• Ability to upgrade process easily to Albion Process™.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 29 | 54
For personal use only
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Direct Leach CIL UFG CIL Albion / CIL Consales + Dore / CIL Consales (Payable) +
Dore CIL
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 30 | 54
480 ktpa Plant Relative Capital and Operating Cost (relative units)
3.5 3.5
3.0 3.0
Capital
2.5 2.5
For personal use only
Operating
2.0 2.0
1.5 1.5
1.0 1.0
0.5 0.5
0.0 0.0
Sell Con UFG Albion POX
Figure 28. Chart Comparing Relative Capital and Operating Costs for Various Processes
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 31 | 54
The importance of concentrate grade lies in achievable a saleable concentrate, achieving high
payabilities with low TCRCs and also in reducing transport costs.
Previously the Youanmi operation was not focussed on producing a high-grade concentrate since all
downstream processing was completed on site making saleability etc and also concentrate transport
costs irrelevant. Notable historical actual concentrate grade data from this time show a reasonably
high-grade concentrate (in the order of 40g/t Au) which is saleable on today’s market with circa 94%
For personal use only
payability achievable.
Saleable Concentrate Optimisation
With a circuit designed specifically to optimise concentrate grade (assumed for the Scoping Study)
grades of up to 60g/t Au (premium concentrate) are considered easily achievable. Concentrate grades
of this range achieve very high payabilities. Further, it may be possible to make an exceptionally high-
grade concentrate over 80g/t Au. Every 1% increase in payability increases the Project NPV by around
$43m. The next round of study work will consider the additional capital required to achieve varying
levels of high to very-high grade concentrate.
The following risks have been identified for concentrate sales, and appropriate and practically
achievable mitigation measures have also been identified:
• The gold grade in the mineral concentrate may vary considerably with material type. This is due
to differing sulphur, arsenic and gold grades in the material. An extensive metallurgical testwork
program is required to examine the flotation response across a range of sulphide material types
to understand the concentrate quality. Blending of feed material will be performed during
operations to smooth out extreme material type characteristics; and
• Recovery losses due to concentrate cleaning. Laboratory testwork included cleaning locked
cycle testwork can be performed to provide confidence in the cleaned concentrate recovery.
The use of non-standard flotation cells such as a Jameson Cell can be applied to improve the
cleaning efficiency.
Figure 30. Chart Showing Historical Concentrate Grades for Au and As (Instantaneous and MA15)
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 32 | 54
The metallurgical test work on the three samples showed that without cleaning an average mass pull
of 13% is achieved, and for the Scoping Study Model which takes into account utilisation of a cleaner
circuit of some form, a mass pull of 10% is assigned. This is considered to be conservative given the
average mineral abundance of the rougher concentrate, which as stated shows that the sulphide
minerals only make up 53% of the concentrate.
For personal use only
Figure 31. Illustration Showing Percentages of Sulphide Minerals In the Rougher Concentrate (Without Cleaning)
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 33 | 54
Table 12. Mineral Abundance Average from the Three Testwork Samples
Combined
Mineral group Float Con Combined
Rougher Tail
For personal use only
Mass% in fraction
Native gold <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Au-(Ag)-tellurides <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Pyrite 47.9 0.3 6.7
Arsenopyrite 4.1 0.1 0.6
Loellingite and As intergrowths 0.3 0.1 0.2
Chalcopyrite 0.1 0.0 0.0
Tetrahedrite 0.1 0.0 0.0
Stibnite 0.3 0.0 0.1
Other sulphides 0.1 0.0 0.0
Quartz 12.1 30.4 27.9
Micas 15.5 22.3 21.4
Feldspars 1.3 6.1 5.4
Chlorite 7.1 18.0 16.6
Amphibole 1.1 2.4 2.2
Tourmaline/kaolinite 0.3 0.4 0.4
Talc 0.9 0.3 0.4
Epidote 0.5 1.7 1.5
Other silicates 0.4 0.4 0.4
Apatite 0.4 0.9 0.9
Ti minerals 1.6 2.4 2.3
Magnetite/hematite 1.6 2.8 2.7
Calcite/ankerite-dolomite 4.0 10.9 10.0
Steel 0.3 0.4 0.4
Other minerals 0.0 0.0 0.0
TOTAL 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total Sulphide Minerals 52.7 0.4 7.4
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 34 | 54
Power
Site power generation is assumed to be from a power station utilising trucked gas, owned and operated
by a power supply contractor. The system includes some diesel power for emergency A price was
obtained from KPS for this arrangement which included no start-up cost, and comprised of fixed monthly
cost made up of a capital charge and affixed operational charge plus a variable rate based on actual
power consumption. The two main users of electrical power are the processing plant and the
For personal use only
underground mine.
Como estimated power requirement for the 300ktpa UFG Process option at 3,300kW which, after
removing UFG component which is not required for the make and sell concentrate option drops to
2,800kW and then when scaled up to 480ktpa makes the total power average power requirement
around 4,500kW for making a concentrate. This is much lower than the requirement for an Albion
ProcessTM which for 300ktpa estimated at 3,050kW scales up to 4,900kW for a 480ktpa plant.
Underground power requirement gets up to around 3,000kW, and other (village and office) power
requirement will be around 300kW.
Total site power requirement is estimated to range from 4,000kW to 8,000kW depending on processing
and underground mining stage. The KPS pricing obtained was for the original smaller processing plant
and mine configuration so is therefore considered to be conservative.
7,000
6,000
5,000
(kVA)
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
M100
M103
M10
M13
M16
M19
M22
M25
M28
M31
M34
M37
M40
M43
M46
M49
M52
M55
M58
M61
M64
M67
M70
M73
M76
M79
M82
M85
M88
M91
M94
M97
M1
M4
M7
Other Infrastructure
Site Roads and Access
Over 90% of required roads and access is already in place from previous operations, making very little
work required other than an initial site roads and traffic design and risk assessment required, followed
by execution of some minor earthworks as well as signage and delineator installation.
Accommodation Village
The existing village which is the remnants of what was built in the 1980s and 1990s, presently has
capacity for 51 residents. This capacity is in the form of 2, 3, and 6 bedroom units as well one SPQ
with shared ensuites. The scoping study allows for expansion of the village by adding 28 dongas or
112 rooms and 3 laundry blocks, and a locker room. Allowance has also been made to upgrade the
dry mess to cater for up to 150 people on site at any one time.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 35 | 54
Tailings Storage Facility
For the first six months of processing, tailings is assumed to be sent to the previously used TSF2 which
has 1.5m of capacity over its 74,000m2 surface or around 110,000m3. Tailings produced after TSF2 is
full to capacity will go into a newly built TSF located to the east of the current dam in a sterilised area
of around 22 months capacity or 875,000t or 500,000m3.
Four additional TSF expansions are assumed at the same cost over the remaining life of the project,
For personal use only
spaced 24 months apart, for a total additional installed capacity of around 4.4Mt which is much higher
than the planned tailings forecast of 3.1Mt required (including allowance for first 6 months and
concentrate production).
Evaporation Ponds
Evaporation ponds were built and extended in the 1990s, and were last operated by Apex Minerals
when they commenced dewatering the Mine Open Pit in 2006. The condition of the ponds was
assessed by a geotechnical dam specialist Peter McGough in November 2021 at which time auger
samples were taken from the outer walls. The investigation determined that certain remediation works
should be conducted prior to future use in areas where the outer wall was deemed to be sub-standard.
A design was recently completed to buttress the outer wall in the areas recommended, and the DWER
site license was amended to include dewatering and use of the evaporation ponds. The license
amendment was approved in July 2022.
The evaporation ponds previously were able to evaporate 45 litres per second, which has also been
assumed in the Scoping Study Water balance.
Water Supply and Storage Distribution
Water management is a key aspect for the Youanmi Project, especially noting that during the time of
the 1990s underground operations, there were unplanned events involving excess hypersaline and
storm water that had negative impacts on production and development as well as poor outcomes for
the environment downstream of the evaporation ponds.
The strategy for recommencement of underground mining operations hinges mainly around ensuring
there is more than adequate capacity to evaporate or otherwise use water on site.
In the 1990’s the evaporation ponds could not keep up with mine water adequately, especially when
excessive hypersaline water was encountered in aquifers, and when Cyclone Bobby struck causing
unplanned heavy rainfall.
The planned operation will utilise some of the existing evaporation ponds, as well as use innovative
evaporation techniques, and a small (10 to 20 litre per second ) RO plant.
The option of pumping water to lake Noondie which is located 23km to the east of the site is also being
considered as a contingency plan.
The site is expected to be self-sufficient and will not require additional water to be sourced from bore
fields. Should there be a shortfall of water, there is some spare capacity in the form of Town Well bore,
which in the current model is not utilised and is capable of supplying 4.1 litres per second.
There will be a standard set-up with respect to process water storage on site, and there will also be
water stored but only for purposes of evaporation in the evaporation ponds.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 36 | 54
For personal use only
Figure 34. View of Evaporation Ponds Terrain Model (Green Area Relicensed Red Area not)
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 37 | 54
Environmental Social
The Youanmi site, having been worked extensively over three major campaigns of mining since 1894,
is already significantly disturbed and has no special flora or fauna, or heritage significance that has
been observed in various surveys conducted in the last 12 months by Rox.
The most noteworthy aspect environmentally is the mine closure cost, which was recently estimated to
For personal use only
be $11.7m. The financial model assumes that this is spent over the final 7 months of the Project. There
are opportunities to lower mine closure cost, noting that once there is a contractor site presence during
mining operations, mine closure works can be completed ahead of time and under cost by utilising
existing fleet.
Native Title
The project area is not within a Native Title Claim Area. The Wutha group did have a prior claim in
application over the area, but in March 2019, the application was dismissed.
Heritage – Youanmi Site
Prior to 2022 there had been very few detailed surveys completed surrounding the Aboriginal or
European Heritage sites.
In 2022 Aaron Rayner from AHA Logic was engaged to identify the presence of any Aboriginal heritage
cultural material or Aboriginal heritage sites within a defined area that Rox is seeking to develop.
Prior to the field survey a desktop assessment considered the existing Aboriginal heritage information
that is on the public record for the survey area and broader region. A search of the Aboriginal Heritage
Inquiry System (AHIS) found that there are no recorded Aboriginal sites in the survey area. The nearest
recorded Aboriginal site is Lake Noondie site ID 19515, a mythological place located approximately
20km to the east of the survey area. A search of the National Native Title Tribunal database found no
future act decisions had been made for land within the survey area and consequently there are no
records of sites of particular significance in the database.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 38 | 54
The field inspection was undertaken between 24 and 26 June 2022 by Mr Aaron Rayner and Mr Terry
Russell, Field Assistant and GIS expert. Access to the survey area was good given the network of haul
roads and exploration access tracks. The field work was undertaken using both vehicle and pedestrian
inspection. Given the relatively large size of the survey area and the high levels of ground disturbance
the field methodology was designed to focus inspection on creek lines and areas where the ground was
relatively intact.
For personal use only
No heritage sites were identified within the meaning of section 5 of the AH Act were identified, and it
was recommended that there are no Aboriginal heritage management considerations that Rox needs
to address.
Heritage – Lake Noondie
As a contingency plan to be able to evaporate more water from site expansions or unexpected excess
water during operations, Rox has been following a pathway to seek approval to discharge water to the
nearby Lake Noondie, over which there lies a registered site. As part of the approvals process Rox has
been consulting with the Wutha Traditional Owners.
Terra Rosa Consulting were commissioned to undertake a site identification heritage survey over areas
planned for potential Lake Noondie pipeline development within the former Wutha native title claim area
(WC1999/010), and to assist Rox in the consultation process with the registered knowledge holders for
Site 19515, as is required under the Aboriginal Heritage Act as part of the approval process prior to
discharging water into the lake.
The heritage survey was undertaken with Wutha Traditional Owners between 30 May to 1 June 2022
by seven Wutha representatives and one heritage consultant from Terra Rosa. Three Rox
representatives were also present during this time to support the survey team. The results of the survey
are summarised below:
• Department of Planning, Lands and Heritage (DPLH) registered site (DPLH ID 19515) is located
within the survey area;
• No lodged or stored DPLH other heritage places are located within the survey area;
• No new heritage places were identified; and
• Several isolated artefacts were documented within DPLH 19515.
The full survey area includes the pipeline route to lake and the lake area planned discharge location.
In the June 2022 survey only the areas within the lake were covered, with the remainder of the work
planned to complete at a later date.
The Pithindara Songline, an extension of the serpent dreaming, extends from Lake Noondie, through
Lake Barlee, Lake Rebecca, Sunrise and on towards Lake Austin. Lake Noondie is an important spiritual
place for the Wutha Traditional Owners and the appropriate management and protection of country is
intrinsic to their health and well-being. Having noted and discussed the presence of this dreaming site,
Wutha Traditional Owner’s stated that impacts of water discharge into this lake system are small and
will not impact the spiritual significance of the site.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 39 | 54
For personal use only
Permitting
The proposed underground development and development of four open pits is located within granted
mining leases (specifically M57/10, M57/51, and M57/135) and which are the site of previous mining
and processing operations. There are currently licenses and permits in place including:
• DWER Prescribed Premises License recently amended to re-instate the dewatering rate of
1,480,000kl/annum, approve the use of the evaporation ponds, and approve a new landfill
location
• 5C Groundwater Extraction License, previously allowed to expire recently re-applied for to
include more flexibility in dewatering from all areas for an increased number of usages
• Mine Closure Plan submitted 2019 due for renewal by December 2022
• Various Programme of Work (POW) approvals active for exploration activities
Approvals required to achieve the outcomes of the Scoping Study in its current format include:
• Mining Proposal and Mine Closure Plan
• Project Management Plan
• Further amendment of DWER site license to include processing plant and tailings dam
• Works Approval required for use of processing plant
It is noted that a heritage agreement is not required of the OYG leases and hence for the scope of the
Study. A Native Vegetation Clearing Permit is also not required for the current scope on site, but will
be required if other open pit mining areas are included in future plans. A Native Vegetation Clearing
Permit will be required for dewater pipeline route access – an item considered not required at the stage
with current knowledge and results of innovative evaporation techniques on site pending.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 40 | 54
Operating Cost Estimate
Operating costs are derived from a number of sources including quotations and budget pricing supplied
by suppliers, estimates based on similar WA mining operations, and pricing built up from processing
plant suppliers scaled by accepted methods.
Table 13. Operating Costs Summary
For personal use only
Mining Costs
Open Pit Mining costs are derived from estimated cost per bcm rates for load and haul, drill and blast,
and technical services, as well as an assumed cost per tonne for grade control drilling and related costs.
Total cost per total bcm mined excluding capital costs is $11, and with Open Pit mining capital related
included is $12 per total bcm mined or $71/t of the production target mined.
Underground Mining costs are built up from a combination of unit rate drivers for each type of physical
activity plus assumed fixed costs for contractor overheads and owner overheads. Mining costs also
include site water management costs which is an assumed monthly cost. Total cost per tonne mined
excluding capital costs is $102 per tonne of the production target and with all Underground mining
capital related is $117 per tonne of the production target.
Table 14. Underground Mining LOM Total Costs by Year
Unit Project YR0 YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 YR6 YR7 YR8
Operating Cost (incl Site Dewater) $/t 102 111 101 103 114 100 113 107 94 78
UG Mining Capital $/t 15 183 38 13 10 7 6 6 5 5
Total Mining Cost $/t 117 293 138 116 124 107 119 114 99 83
Total Mining Cost $m 427 28 55 46 51 55 57 56 52 27
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 41 | 54
Processing Costs
Processing costs are split into two unit rates, with one for oxide and transition material treatment which
takes an assumed CIL treatment pathway only ($46/t), and a second for treatment of sulphide material
($58/t) which follows the flotation circuit pathway whereby a gold concentrate is produced for shipment
and sale, and flotation tailings are treated through the CIL circuit to produce gold dore on site. The
average overall processing cost over LOM is close to $58/t given the small tonnage of CIL only material
For personal use only
from the Open Pits of 127,000 tonnes, compared with total sulphide feed of 3.4Mt.
Concentrate Related Costs
For all the concentrate production target an average mass pull of 10% is assumed, assuming 88% of
the sulphide feed gold in the process reports to the float concentrate with an average gold grade of 45
g/t Au. Concentrate Haulage cost assumed from Youanmi to Perth’s Fremantle Port assumed a price
of $0.154/tkm which equates to $90/t over the 583km distance.
Shipping related charges assumed totalled $48/t of concentrate made up of storage $3/t, Shipping $39/t,
Cargo $2.25/t, and Assays $3/t.
The total of all concentrate related costs off site including TCRCs, any penalties payable, trucking and
shipping comes to $359/t of concentrate which is around 14% of the value of the concentrate.
G & A Costs
A fixed monthly cost of $190k per month is allocated for site G and A costs. Included in this is personnel
costs for Site General Manager, Commercial Manager, as well as Administration, Safety, Training, and
Environment functions. The major component of this cost is salaries, and also included is flights
allocation ($29k), accommodation allocation ($11k), and other minor costs. This cost does not include
the mining department or processing department administration related costs which are allowed for in
those area rates, for mining as an overhead cost (open pit as a bcm rate, and underground as a monthly
rate), and in the processing costs is built into the unit operating cost per tonne rates.
Royalties
Royalties are incurred as follows:
• WA State Government Royalty of 2.5% of gold revenues;
• Redscope Enterprises Pty Ltd (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Venus Metals) holds a 0.7% net
smelter royalty, subject, in the case of M57/10 to the St Barbara Royalty;
• St Clair Resources holds a 0.3% net smelter royalty; and
• St Barbara holds a 2% gross royalty on M57/10.
The St Barbara royalty only would affect the Bunker Pit cut-back which is presently not in the base case
plan however may be included in later studies.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 42 | 54
Capital Cost Estimate
Capital costs are derived from a number of sources including quotes and budget pricing from suppliers
and estimates based on recent actual pricing from WA similar mines. They include all pre-production
site, process plant, tailings dam, and mining development related including dewatering, as well as
sustaining capital postproduction start-up.
For personal use only
Notes:
1. Underground mining sustaining cost includes dewatering related costs
2. Open pit mining sustaining cost includes site rehabilitation
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 43 | 54
Open Pit Mining sustaining capital includes Mine Site Rehabilitation
Underground Mining pre-production capital includes:
• Site Earthworks
• Office and changerooms
• Computer Hardware and software
For personal use only
• Electrical reticulation establishment
• Primary ventilation fans
• Light vehicles
• Refuge Chambers
• Mines Rescue Equipment
• Fire Truck
• Survey Equipment
• Safety Equipment first fills
• Wash pad facility
• Underground radio Head End set up
• Underground contractor site establishment related costs
• Capital Development costs specific to areas leading up to mining production for the area
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 44 | 54
Table 17. Processing Plant Capital Costs Breakdown
Equipment/
Plant Costs Installation Total
Material Costs
EPCM $m - 4.3 4.3
Global Costs $m 1.4 - 1.4
Bulk Earthworks $m - 0.4 0.4
For personal use only
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 45 | 54
For personal use only
Figure 36. Gold in Concentrate (tonnes traded) by Year, forecast to 2025 (Source: MetalsFocus)
At present, the key purchasers for gold concentrates are generally in China although some Australian
and international based roasters, pressure oxidation (POX) and bio-oxidation (biox) processors have
capacity.
Gold roasters in China are mostly located in the provinces of Hunan, Henan and Shandong. Originally
constructed to process local concentrates, they now also purchase imported feed. Mines can sell to
these smelters either under direct contracts or more typically via traders.
Chinese import regulations focus upon the contained gold grade as well as levels of deleterious
elements, in particular arsenic. High levels of arsenic-in-concentrate have a detrimental effect on gold
recovery, which will be reflected in payment terms for the concentrate. At a very high level (>6.5 per
cent) it may be non-deliverable under Chinese regulations or may attract punitive import taxes.
Gold Concentrate contracts most typically have a percentage deduction to gold content plus penalties
for deleterious elements, and the seller arranges and pays for freight. Alternatively, some contracts may
more closely conform to typical copper concentrate NSR deductions including TC/ RC, gold payability
and other deductions.
Commercial terms for gold concentrates are typically negotiated on a stand-alone basis. Given the
expected low level of deleterious elements in Youanmi Gold Concentrate, notably Arsenic, the
Company has received some initial interest from traders. Based on this interest and their relevant
experience (including at Bardoc and Wiluna) the Rox Board and Management are confident there will
be international (and potentially domestic) market demand for Youanmi Gold Concentrate.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 46 | 54
Financial Analysis
At a conservative gold price of A$2,450 / oz which is lower than the average gold spot price in the last
12 months, the Project is forecasted to generate a healthy unleveraged and pre-tax NPV5% of
approximately $303m and an unleveraged and pre-tax IRR of approximately 45%. The financial
summary is presented below:
For personal use only
Financials
Key Financial Assumptions
Gold Price $/oz 2,450
Discount Rate % 5
Project Valuation 1
Production Target
Total payable metal over the life of the Project is forecast to be approximately 569koz, annual numbers
with the breakdown of indicated and inferred resources is shown in the figure below. Of the Mineral
Resources scheduled for extraction in this Scoping Study production target, approximately 79% are
classified as Indicated and 21% as Inferred in the first three years of the production target.
Approximately 63% are classified as Indicated and 37% as Inferred during the 8-year evaluation period.
The Youanmi Gold Project has been mined over four main campaigns since discovery of the original
orebody in 1894, with approximately 667koz produced. The Company therefore considers the Youanmi
Gold Project to be a very mature project which increases the confidence of converting the current
Mineral Resources into Ore Reserves.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 47 | 54
120
Indicated
Inferred 98
100
For personal use only
84
78
80
Annual Payble Metal (koz)
66 67
60 60
60 56
40
20
0
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Year 8
Sensitivity Analysis
The Project’s unleveraged and pre-tax NPV is most sensitive to changes in gold price and operating
cost, while it is more resilient to changes in the discount rate, and capital costs as shown in the figure
below.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 48 | 54
Table 19. Scenario Analysis - Gold Price Assumptions
Base
Case
Gold Price
$2,000 $2,100 $2,200 $2,300 $2,400 $2,450 $2,500 $2,600 $2,700
(A$/oz)
For personal use only
NPV $m 106 150 193 237 281 303 325 368 412
IRR % 20 26 32 37 43 45 48 54 59
Payback years 4.9 4.6 4.0 3.7 3.2 3.0 2.8 2.5 2.3
Annual EBITDA $m 41 48 55 62 69 72 76 82 89
LOM EBITDA $m 329 384 439 494 549 577 604 659 714
LOM Free Cash
$m 171 226 281 336 391 418 446 500 555
Flow
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 49 | 54
Project Development Schedule
• Commenced - PFS work commenced early in 2022 with the commencement of the second
stage of Metallurgical Testwork expected to be completed by December 2022.
• July 2022 – December 2022
For personal use only
Funding
To achieve the range of outcomes indicated in the Scoping Study, funding in the order of $134m will
likely be required, which includes all pre-production costs of which the pre-production capital
requirement is approximately $99m. The Company has formed the view that there is a reasonable
basis to believe that requisite future funding for development of the Project will be available when
required. The grounds on which this reasonable basis is established include:
• The Project has strong technical and economic fundamentals which provides an attractive
return on capital investment and generates robust cashflows at conservative gold prices. This
provides a strong platform to source debt and equity funding.
• The Company has received significant interest from various financial institutions, credit funds
and private equity firms regarding financing for the project, with preliminary discussions
occurring.
• The Company has a strong track record of raising equity funds as and when required to further
the exploration and evaluation of the Youanmi Gold Project.
• The Company has appointed Argonaut PCF as its corporate debt advisor in relation to the
funding of the Youanmi Gold Project. Argonaut PCF have extensive experience in funding
resource projects, including Western Australian gold projects.
There is, however, no certainty that the Company will be able to source funding as and when required.
Typical project development financing would involve a combination of debt and equity. It is possible that
such funding may only be available on terms that may be dilutive to or otherwise affect the value of the
Company’s existing shares.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 50 | 54
Reasonable Basis for Forward Looking Assumptions
No Ore Reserve has been declared. This document has been prepared in compliance with the JORC
Code (2012) and the ASX Listing Rules. All material assumptions on which the Scoping Study
production target and projected financial information are based have been included in this release and
disclosed in the table below.
For personal use only
Consideration of Modifying Factors in the format specified by JORC Code (2012) Section 4
Cut-off • The basis of the cut-off grade(s) or quality • Cut-off grade parameters are based on operating
parameters parameters applied. costs and site overheads.
Mining factors • The method and assumptions used as reported • No Ore Reserve has been declared.
or in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility Study to • Refer to Mine Design and Schedule Section.
assumptions convert the Mineral Resource to an Ore Reserve
(i.e. either by application of appropriate factors by • UG Geotechnical parameters were provided by an
optimisation or by preliminary or detailed design). independent consultant based on detailed assessment
of project information including information from drilling.
Open pit batter angles were designed at 55 degrees in
• The choice, nature and appropriateness of the oxide, 60 degrees in transition, and 70 degrees in fresh
selected mining method(s) and other mining material, applying 4m berm widths at 20m vertical
parameters including associated design issues intervals, and 12m wide access ramps resulting in
such as pre-strip, access, etc. overall wall angles ranging between 40 and 45 degrees.
or Open Pits grade control drilling is assumed at a rate
of 1 metre drilled for every 12 tonnes of production
• The assumptions made regarding geotechnical material equating to $2.50 per tonne of production
parameters (eg pit slopes, stope sizes, etc), grade material assuming a cost $30 per drill metre including
control and pre-production drilling. drilling an assaying. For Underground Grade control
drilling of 1m of diamond drilling per 300 tonnes of
• The major assumptions made and Mineral production material at a rate of $222 per metre including
Resource model used for pit and stope assaying as well as geologists labour assumed in the
optimisation (if appropriate). mine overhead costs.
• Pit optimisations assumed overall slope angles of 38
degrees, and mining costs of $10
• The mining dilution factors used.
• Underground mining dilution applied on all stopes of
0.3m on the hangingwall, and 0.2m on the footwall at a
• The mining recovery factors used. grade determined by the resource model during the
DESWIK stope optimising process. Open Pit mining
dilution of 30% applied for Grace Stage 1 open pit, and
• Any minimum mining widths used. 15% for all other pits.
• Underground mining recovery based on leaving sill
• The manner in which Inferred Mineral pillars placed strategically, and then applying a global
Resources are utilised in mining studies and the 85% mining recovery to account for island pillars and
sensitivity of the outcome to their inclusion.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 51 | 54
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
• The infrastructure requirements of the selected production loss from bogging operations. Open Pit
mining methods. mining recovery of 95% applied to all pits.
• For underground stope optimisations a minimum true
stope width of 2.5m was assumed. For open pit
minimum width of pit base of 10m, and minimum width
of cutback 10m.
• Inferred Mineral Resources account for 62% of the
For personal use only
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 52 | 54
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
been estimated from similar Western Australian mining
operations.
• Derivation of transportation charges.
• Project operating costs are derived from budget
pricing provided to the Company and estimates from
• The basis for forecasting or source of treatment similar Western Australian mining and processing
and refining charges, penalties for failure to meet operations. Unit Costs are estimated using reasonable
specification, etc. consumable price estimates, equipment productivity
For personal use only
Revenue • The derivation of, or assumptions made • The derivation of feed grades comes from the Mineral
factors regarding revenue factors including head grade, Resource estimates with the application of dilution
metal or commodity price(s) exchange rates, modifying factors as outlined above.
transportation and treatment charges, penalties, • The product to be sold is gold in the form gold
net smelter returns, etc. concentrate and doré bars produced on site. The gold
• The derivation of assumptions made of metal or price assumed is A$2,450 per ounce. Assumed gold
commodity price(s), for the principal metals, concentrate payability is based on recent market
minerals and co-products. observations.
Market • The demand, supply and stock situation for the • Gold doré bars will be sold at spot price, and gold
assessment particular commodity, consumption trends and concentrate will be sold at spot price adjusted with a
factors likely to affect supply and demand into the payability factor.
future.
• A customer and competitor analysis along with • NA
the identification of likely market windows for the
product.
• Price and volume forecasts and the basis for • NA
these forecasts.
• For industrial minerals the customer • NA
specification, testing and acceptance
requirements prior to a supply contract.
Economic • The inputs to the economic analysis to produce • Refer to economic analysis, which assumes a
the net present value (NPV) in the study, the discount rate of 5%, and nil inflation.
source and confidence of these economic inputs
including estimated inflation, discount rate, etc.
• Economic analysis includes a sensitivity analysis on
• NPV ranges and sensitivity to variations in the various cost factors gold grade and gold price. price
significant assumptions and inputs. scenarios.
Social • The status of agreements with key stakeholders • Given the history of mining on the leases, and the
and matters leading to social licence to operate. recent stakeholder engagement processes undertaken
by the company, there are no issues expected around
forming agreements with key stakeholders if so
required to complete the works as planned.
Other (incl • To the extent relevant, the impact of the • No Ore Reserve has been declared.
Legal and following on the project and/or on the estimation
Governmental) and classification of the Ore Reserves:
• No naturally risks have been identified.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 53 | 54
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
• Any identified material naturally occurring risks. • The project is 70% owned by Rox (30% Venus
• The status of material legal agreements and Metals), and there are no marketing arrangements in
marketing arrangements. place.
• The status of governmental agreements and
approvals critical to the viability of the project, • All of the working area in the study are on approved
such as mineral tenement status, and mining leases with no outstanding issues or
For personal use only
government and statutory approvals. There must requirements with DMIRS. There are no third party
be reasonable grounds to expect that all unresolved matters that may impact upon approvals.
necessary Government approvals will be received
within the timeframes anticipated in the Pre-
Feasibility or Feasibility study. Highlight and
discuss the materiality of any unresolved matter
that is dependent on a third party on which
extraction of the reserve is contingent.
Classification ▪ The basis for the classification of the Ore • No Ore Reserve has been declared.
Reserves into varying confidence categories.
▪ Whether the result appropriately reflects the • No Ore Reserve has been declared.
Competent Person’s view of the deposit.
▪ The proportion of Probable Ore Reserves that
have been derived from Measured Mineral • No Ore Reserve has been declared.
Resources (if any).
Audits or ▪ The results of any audits or reviews • No Ore Reserve has been declared.
reviews of Ore Reserve estimates.
Discussion of ▪ Where appropriate a statement of the relative • No Ore Reserve has been declared.
relative accuracy and confidence level in the Ore Reserve • Metallurgical recoveries have been based on testwork
accuracy/ estimate using an approach or procedure deemed data.
confidence appropriate by the Competent Person. For
example, the application of statistical or • Costs have been derived from both recent industry
geostatistical procedures to quantify the relative data and estimations from independent consultants and
accuracy of the reserve within stated confidence suppliers.
limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed • Cost estimate accuracy for the Scoping Study is
appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors considered to be in the order of ±40%.
which could affect the relative accuracy and
confidence of the estimate.
▪ The statement should specify whether it relates
to global or local estimates, and, if local, state the
relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to
technical and economic evaluation.
Documentation should include assumptions
made and the
procedures used.
▪ Accuracy and confidence discussions should
extend to specific discussions of any applied
Modifying Factors that may have a material
impact on Ore
Reserve viability, or for which there are remaining
areas of uncertainty at the current study stage.
▪ It is recognised that this may not be possible or
appropriate in all circumstances. These
statements of
relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate
should be compared with production data, where
available.
Rox Resources Limited Executive Summary: Youanmi Gold Project Scoping Study Oct 2022 P a g e 54 | 54