The document discusses various earthquake hazards and how to minimize their effects. It explains primary hazards like ground shaking and secondary hazards like fire. It also discusses natural signs of an impending tsunami and interpreting different earthquake hazard maps.
The document discusses various earthquake hazards and how to minimize their effects. It explains primary hazards like ground shaking and secondary hazards like fire. It also discusses natural signs of an impending tsunami and interpreting different earthquake hazard maps.
The document discusses various earthquake hazards and how to minimize their effects. It explains primary hazards like ground shaking and secondary hazards like fire. It also discusses natural signs of an impending tsunami and interpreting different earthquake hazard maps.
The document discusses various earthquake hazards and how to minimize their effects. It explains primary hazards like ground shaking and secondary hazards like fire. It also discusses natural signs of an impending tsunami and interpreting different earthquake hazard maps.
earthquake hazards (DRR11/12-If-g-17) • explain various potential earthquake hazard • suggest ways on how to minimize the effects of earthquake hazards • appreciate the value of preparedness and resilience in disastrous situations Earthquake An earthquake is a natural phenomenon wherein the surface of the Earth moves or vibrates due to a sudden release of energy that is caused by the movements of the plates. Earthquake Hazard • Include any physical phenomenon associated with an earthquake that may affect human activities. Earthquake Hazard Primary Hazard 1. ground shaking 2. ground rupture 3. liquefaction 4. earthquake-induced landslides
Secondary Hazard 1. fire 2. seiche 3. tsunamis Most Commonly Used Methods of Reducing Earthquake Risks
• Developing resistant structures.
• Constructing seismic hazard maps. • Effective recording and interpretation of ground motion Lesson 12: Natural Signs of an Impending Tsunami Learning Target:
Recognize the natural signs
of an impending tsunami (DRR11/12-If-g-18) What is Tsunami?
A tsunami is a series of waves
caused by earthquakes or undersea volcanic eruptions. Types of Tsunami Local Tsunamis Far field or Distant Tsunamis • confined to coasts within a hundred • can travel from 1 to 24 hours before kilometers from the source reaching the coast of the nearby • generated by earthquakes and landslide countries. or pyroclastic flow • These tsunamis mainly coming from the • can reach the shoreline within 2 to 5 countries bordering Pacific Ocean like minutes. Chile, Alaska in USA and Japan.
https://d9-wret.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/assets/palladium/production/s3fs-public/thumbnails/image/image20.gif Natural Signs of an Approaching Tsunami 1 2 3
Unusual Sea Level Rumbling Sound of
A Felt Earthquake Approaching Waves Change Tsunami Safety and Preparedness Measures 1. Do not stay in low-lying coastal areas after a felt earthquake. Move to higher grounds immediately. 2. If unusual sea conditions like rapid lowering of sea level are observed, immediately move towards high grounds. 3. Never go down the beach to watch for a tsunami. When you see the wave, you are too close to escape it. 4. During the retreat of sea level, interesting sights are often revealed. Fishes may be stranded on dry land thereby attracting people to collect them. Also, sandbars and coral flats may be exposed. These scenes tempt people to flock to the shoreline thereby increasing the number of people at risk. Lesson 13: Interpreting Earthquake Hazard Map Learning Target:
Interpret different earthquake hazard maps (DRR11/12-If-g-20) Hazard Map • Is a map that highlights areas that are affected by or are vulnerable to a particular hazard. • It help prevent serious damage and deaths. • It provides important information to help people understand disaster and mitigate disasters. • Hazard maps indicate the extent of expected risk areas, and can be combined with disaster management information such as evacuation sites, evacuation routes, and so forth. Map Interpretation • It is the process of looking at the map for us to be guided to a direction or place where we wanted to go using the different symbols or elements of the map. Components of a Map
• Compass Rose • Title • Symbols • Legend • Color • Scale • Grid Reference Seismic Design Categories
