GEELY SRR5

-TECHNICAL REVIEW
Side, Rear, 360°Radar Roadmap
SRR产品路线图
产品路线图
Features

• BSD • Rear Pre-Crash • Lateral Collision • Park Assist • Autonomous

• LCMA • Front Cross Avoidance • On-coming Driving
• RCTA Traffic Alert Vehicles Support
• Free space • Crossing
detection Vehicles

SRR2
SRR1 • Maintains same performance as
previous generations
• 76-77GHz, STAR-PD • Highly integrated design
• 1st 76-77GHz Side/Rear Radar • Drop-in replacement for SRR2
Price

• Single Beam Monopulse • Reduced size & mass • Reduced size & mass
• Excellent performance • Plastic housing
• Same electrical design

SRR3
SRR5

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019+

Aptiv Receives 2017 PACE Award for
Short-Range Radar (SRR3)
A technology formerly associated with military and aircraft applications – radar – is now an instrumental technology in
modern cars, making vehicles safer by helping reduce the frequency of crashes.
This state-of-the-art technology was recognized by Automotive News as a 2017 PACE Award winner, marking the 19th
time Aptiv has earned this honor.
By opting to use a higher frequency radar than the industry standard, Aptiv’s Short Range Radar (SRR) sensor enables a
wider range of driver assist and safety technologies than other solutions.
Aptiv’s high-performance, low-cost SRR sensor was the first-to-market 76 GHz radar initially introduced for side, blind
spot warning applications. The higher, 76 GHz frequency is capable of providing 360-degree sensing around the vehicle,
a capability the industry standard 24 GHz radar does not provide. The sensor offers a range coverage from 0 meters to
80 meters with excellent object discrimination in cluttered environment and spatial resolution.
OEMs require incredibly precise, “image-like” information about the position (length, width and extent) and edges of
moving objects, as well as the stationary environment around the vehicle (360-degree coverage) to enable creation and
implementation of initial automated features for lateral and longitudinal control of the vehicle (such as sideswipe
prevention, virtual bumper, auto-parking and frontal cross traffic alert). Birds-eye view cameras do not provide the
accuracy of range or position required. Existing 24 GHz radars used for blind spot detection are not capable of adequately
discriminating edges of objects to define the available free space.
The Aptiv SRR provides four enabling technologies for
vehicle level features such as Side Blind Zone Alert,
Front and Side Cross Traffic Alert, Lane Change Assist,
Forward and Rear Collision Imminent Braking. The SRR
is one of the key building blocks of sensors for
automated driving.
APTIV SRR Overview - Advantages
76GHz Digital Beamforming STAR-PD Waveform
Parameter 24GHz 76GHz
Independent measures:
Mount Behind Fascia   1) range
Low Cost  
Minimum Range 
f

Range Accuracy  t
fr
Range Discrimination 
2) rate
Doppler 
Discrimination f
Global Applicability 
t
Wide Available  ∆φ
Bandwidth
Small Antenna  • MIMO Antenna 3) angle
Aperture • 2TX and 4RX Channel
• Elevation measurement θ
∆φ
• Fine range resolution resulting
• Long dwell time results in
from frequency and bandwidth
high Doppler resolution
RX TX

High spatial resolution enabled by superior Excellent discrimination in

range and Doppler resolution cluttered environments
APTIV SRR Overview - Increasing Integration
Gen1 (GaAs) Gen2 (SiGe) Gen3 (SiGe) Gen4 (RFCMOS)
ESR1.0 SRR1, ESR 2.5, SRR2 SRR3, MRR, MRR2 High Performance Apps
TX PA SRR5, MRR3, etc.
VCO TX MMIC
X2 MPA
SPxT Switches TX / RX MMIC
LNA RX MMIC
Mixer
Integrator Waveform Waveform
PLL Generator Generator
TX / RX MMIC
A-to-D Converter
Analog Front End
Discr Baseband

Integrated Integrated
Radar Processor Radar Processor
Processor Processor

Discrete Flash Discrete Flash

Discrete RAM Discrete RAM

Host Processor Host Processor

Antenna Antenna SR Antenna MIMO Antenna

2 PCBs 2 PCBs 1 PCB 1 PCB

Die Cast AL Plastic Plastic Plastic

(125 x 120 x 38) (95 x 63 x 24) (97 x 64 x 21) (83 x 50 x 13.5)

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SRR5 Explorer view
Radome

Antenna

PSA

PCB

Heat sink

Housing
12 pin integrated

Cost effective Design

SRR5 – Platform Capability
• Next generation of award-winning 76GHz SRRs
 76GHz Side Radars in production since 2012
 2017 PACE Award Winner for 360° Sensing
• Small / light (73x57x15mm, 90g)
 Side connector shown
 Bottom connector possible, affects aspect ratio
• Digital Beam Forming azimuth angle measurement
• Monopulse elevation angle measurement
• Ultra-Wide Band capable chipset
• Adaptive Sweep Bandwidth
 Example modes shown, continuum of options
• 2 Potential Operating Modes
 Standalone Sensor
• Feature Function Output
 Satellite Sensor
• Detection Output to Domain Module
SRR5 – Electrical
Block Diagram
Power
Supplies

MIPI CSI2
Vehicle
CANFD

Vehicle Connector
Private
SRR Antenna

Gen4 CANFD
Transceiver

Processor Position
PLL
TX/RX Coding
Baseband
BRR
(Ethernet)
SPI

Optional

LED
Driver

Development
Only
SRR5 – Physical Overview (Side Connector)
SRR5 Standalone
Pin Count
1. Power
2. CANFD-H (Private)
3. CANFD-L (Private)
4. Ground
5. Position Detect A
6. BRR1
7. BRR2
8. Position Detect B
9. CANFD-H (Vehicle)
10. CANFD-L (Vehicle)
11. LED Driver (Optional)
12. (Spare)

Proven Slide/Snap-In Mounting Features

Mass: <100g
Dimensions in mm
APTIV SRR5 PARAMETER
SRR External Mechanization 外部接口架构
SRR Feature Overview

SRR 功能简介
LCDA – Lane Change Decision Aid
 Lane Change Decision Aid
• Blind Spot Warning Zone (BSW)
• Closing Vehicle Warning Zone (CVW)
• Time to collision (TTC) based approach for
approaching vehicles in the adjacent lanes

• Both Zones independently defined by

6 point polygons
• Hysteresis
• BSW-Zone: Lateral / longitudinal
• CVW-Zone: Lateral / TTC based

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 Lane Change Decision Aid
Using a snailtrail algorithm for estimating lane of approaching target

Activation speed down to 10kph (performance degradation below 10kph)

Automatic deactivation in curves smaller than 10m radius, due to physical restrictions
Less than 3 false positive per 100km (RWUP testing)
Less than 1 false negative per 100km (RWUP testing)
Counting relevant objects for easy statistic

RWUP – Real World User Profile

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CTA – Cross Traffic Alert
 Cross Traffic Alert

RADAR PATTERN

x
ACT IN SMART WAY
CTA Zone
y
Filter irrelevant objects with
learning approach

- No warning on objects with heading

80m ranges angle out of range
150 deg FOV - Adapt filter based on estimated road
shape

Determine criticality level

Trigger warning or alert

5 level of criticality based on

- Time to collision (TTC)
- Intersection with x axis

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 Cross Traffic Alert
Driver awareness by a tone, flashing light on side mirrors, dashboard, emergency brake
Full extension to front CTA
Smart adaption of CTA zone based on host’s steering angle
Highly customizable using application values
Less than 1% false positive/true positive (scenario depending)
Less than 1 false warning per 100 vehicles in the first lane
Less than 2 false warning per 100 vehicles in the second lane
Counting relevant objects for easy statistic

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RECW – Rear End Collision Warning
 RECW – overview
• Rear pre crash function helps to prevent rear-end collision accidents
• In case of unavoidable accidents, the function helps to mitigate the impact
• Based on the position, speed, and heading all the relevant targets vehicles
(possible threats) are identified
• For each of the relevant target vehicles there is computed probability of
avoiding the crash by:
• Breaking
• Maneuvering

• Based on the those probabilities of all the relevant target vehicles the final
crash probability is derived
• The final crash probability is used to generated two kinds of warnings:
• Alert signal – if the final crash probability is < 1. Can be used to warn driver of target
vehicle
• Acute alert signal – if the final crash probability == 1. Crash is unavoidable, can be
used for measures like belt tension

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RECW – Rear End Collision Warning

• Warning Types:
 0 < TTC <1.4: Alert Signal. Can be used to warn driver of target vehicle
 0 < TTC <0.3: Acute Alert Signal: Can be used for measures like belt
tension

• KPIs
 False alarm rate of alert signal: Less than 1/500h
 False alarm rate of acute alert signal: Less than < 1/1000h
 Note: Countermeasures against false positive favor false negative to false
positive.

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SEA (Safe Exit Alert)
SEA (Safe Exit Alert)
 Feature Overview

• Alert when a target is approaching in Vehicle Front Axle

adjacent lane with specific TTC

• Coverage for interest: from the rear of TTC < 3s TTC < TBDsec
host vehicle to front axle
• Alert is provided only when host vehicle
is stationary
• Alert is usually provided in a form of
optical signal on the door
Criteria on Interested Objects Long / X

Lat / Y

• Ignore Oncoming Objects if

• Their Speed > Max. speed threshold
• Their Speed < Min. speed threshold
• Lateral position out of threshold
• Longitudinal position out of threshold
Warning Warning
• Calculate and Determine if Closest In-Path Vehicle
Zone Zone
(CIPV) has TTC < threshold
• Alert is provided if;
• Target is mature by being in the warning zone for cycles and
• TTC < threshold & distance to Y axis condition is met
SRR Factory Alignment
 Aptiv Side Radar Alignment Algorithm

Factory Alignment Service Alignment

Static Alignment Dynamic Alignment Auto Alignment

Doppler Generator Corner Reflector Short Track

Alignment Alignment Alignment

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 Static Alignment- Corner Reflector

• Select targets with high power from Corner

reflectors located on each side
• Need enough space to distinguish Corner
reflector from other objects in the
manufacturing
• Need cover up some area/ objects with
Energy Absorb Material to reduce
reflections

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 Static Alignment- Doppler generator
• Select targets only with high range rate from
Doppler Generator
• No need to cover up the objects around the
Doppler Generator
• Need initial investment

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 Dynamic alignment - short track alignment
• Calibrate the radar alignment by
driving through the proper rich
clutter condition
• useful as factory alignment,
saving cost for alignment setup,
and space in the plant

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Thank you.