EFFECTS OF EL NIÑO

METEOROLOGICAL DRY
Delayed onset
of the rainy
Longer or
extended dry SPELL/ DROUGHT
CONDITIONS
season season

EL NIÑO
Fewer tropical
Below normal
cyclones enter the
rainfall, which may
Philippine Area of
Responsibility
lead to drought DRY DRY
CONDITION SPELL DROUGHT
Shortage in Below Normal Below Normal Below Normal
Warmer air
water and food Rainfall Conditions Rainfall Conditions Rainfall Conditions AWARENESS AND PREPAREDNESS
temperature for 2 Consecutive for 3 Consecutive for 5 Consecutive
supply
Months Months Months

SECTORAL IMPACTS OF EL NIÑO

Way Below Way Below
Normal Rainfall Normal Rainfall
Conditions for Conditions for
2 Consecutive 3 Consecutive
AGRICULTURE MARINE Months Months
RESOURCES
• Decline in soil health and • Fish kills and red tide *Near normal rainfall conditions 81%- 120%
crop production **Below normal rainfall conditions = 21% - 60% reduction from average;
• Decline in fish production Way below normal rainfall coverage = More than 60% reduction from average
• Increase in pests and
diseases

WATER HUMAN HEALTH

RESOURCES CONTACT US
• Reduced streamflow and • Less water for hygiene and (02) 8284-0800 loc. 906 @pagasa.dost.gov.ph
groundwater due to less sanitation information@pagasa.dost.gov.ph
rainfall pagasa.climps@gmail.com
@dost_pagasa
• Higher cost of drinking water
• Less water supply and due to reduced supply bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph DOST-PAGASA Weather Report
quality for dams, irrigation,
PAGASA Science Garden, BIR
and power generation • Increase in tropical, Road, Brgy. Central, Quezon City,
@dost_pagasa
pulmonary, and food and Metro Manila 1100
• Over-extraction of water-borne diseases
groundwater
Produced by Project #MAGHANDA

Funded by DOST-GIA, this project is implemented

ENVIRONMENT
by DOST-PAGASA with DOST-PHIVOLCS and DOST-STII,
in partnership with DILG and DILG-LGA.
DOST-PCIEERD monitors the project.

• Land or soil degradation • Poor air quality Scan the QR code to DOST DOST-PAGASA DOST-PHIVOLCS DOST-STII DOST-PCIEERD DILG DILG-LGA
Printed December 2022
• Increase in forest or peatland fires access DOST-PAGASA’s
website
 YOU KNOW IT’S EL NIÑO WHEN THERE ARE...
WARMER TEMPERATURES WEAK WINDS FROM THE EAST
The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a +0.5 °C or higher than average that can reverse to become winds FEWER CLOUDS OVER THE
naturally occuring phenomenon of the climate system at the CEEP. from the west. PHILIPPINES therefore, less rain.
resulting from the interaction between the ocean
and atmosphere in the Central and Eastern Equatorial
PACIFIC OCEAN DURING ENSO-NEUTRAL PACIFIC OCEAN DURING EL NIÑO Winds from the
Pacific (CEEP).
east weaken, and
are unable to push
Winds from the east warm water towards
push warm water the west. Warm water
towards the Western scatters over the
Pacific. Clouds form over Pacific. Clouds form
the Philippines, so the away from the
Lasts 8-12 months. Occurs every 2-7 years. country receives a Philippines, so the
normal amount of country receives
Source: CPC, NOAA rainfall. Western Pacific Central Pacific Eastern Pacific Western Pacific Central Pacific Eastern Pacific
less rainfall.

WARNING TYPE
ENSO ALERT AND
WARNING SYSTEM
WATCH
BE AWARE and PREPARED!
ALERT
EARLY ACTION!
ADVISORY FINAL ADVISORY
TAKE ACTION! ASSESS AND ACT WHENEVER NECESSARY

(EL NIÑO)
If the conditions are If the conditions are favorable
FORECAST favorable with 55% chance with 70% chance of El Niño El Niño is ongoing and
El Niño has ended.
of El Niño development development within expected to continue.
The ENSO Alert and Warning System aims to heighten within the next six months the next two months
awareness about El Niño and La Niña events in the • Monthly Climate • Monthly Climate Assessment • El Niño Advisories • Final Advisory
FORM OF ISSUANCE

country. It serves as a guide for applying the El Niño/ Assessment and Outlook and Outlook
La Niña Contingency Plan, a program that aims to prepare • Press Statement and • Press Statement
Filipinos for the effects of these climate patterns. • Press Statement • Press Statement Press Briefing
• Dry Spell and Drought Assessment
The PAGASA ENSO Alert and Warning System is adopted • Dry Spell and Drought • Dry Spell and Drought and Outlook
Assessment and Outlook Assessment and Outlook
to provide guidance in the preparation of sectoral
contingency plans that will serve as the basis for actions SOME TIPS ON WHAT TO DO
before, during, and after El Niño, as prescribed in STAY UPDATED on climate advisories. CONSERVE water. FIX OR REPORT water leaks.
Memorandum Order No. 38, (s.2019) of the office of the COOPERATE on local El Niño measures. PROVIDE financial assistance in terms of loans.
President. PREPARE your Go Bag containing items needed for survival IMPLEMENT recovery-related projects,
CREATE a list of seed programs, & activities.
Reactivating and reconstituting the El Niño Task Force reserves and planting PROMOTE integrated GET crop insurance.
materials. pest management. DISTRIBUTE seed reserves & planting
created pursuant to Executive Order No. 16 (s. 2001)
and for other purposes. materials.
MAKE a list of all agricultural
machinery and equipment
that is operational. DISTRIBUTION of agricultural
machinery & equipment.
ADVISE farmers to get
crop insurance. ASSESS damage & losses.
Be aware and prepared Early action Take action Final or finish line
*The above actions can be compared to runner's preparations before a race.