What I Know

PRE-ASSESSMENT
Directions: Answer each of the following items. Write the letter of the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What do you call an event that can happen in a unique way?
A. Complementary Event C. Independent Event
B. Dependent Event D. Simple Event

2. The local weather forecaster said that there is 70% chance of rain tomorrow.
What is the probability that it will not rain tomorrow?
A. 0.3 B. 0.7 C. 30 D. 70

3. Rica‘s chance of winning a game is . What is the likelihood that Rica will
win the game?
A. certain B. impossible C. likely D. unlikely
BLUE

4. If the spinner at the right is spun once, what is the RED GREEN

probability that it will land on red?

YELLOW
A. B. C. D. 1

5. A committee has 4 female and 7 male members. If they randomly elect an

officer from among themselves, what is the probability that the elected officer
a female?

A. B. C. D.

6. What is the probability of getting a tail when a fair coin is tossed once?
A. B. C. D. 1

7. A fair die is rolled once. What is the probability of rolling a number that is not
0?
A. or 0 B. C. D. or 1

8. If one letter is chosen at random from the word UNCERTAINTY, what is the
probability that the letter chosen is a vowel?
A. B. C. D. 4

9. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Flipping a coin twice has 3 possible outcomes.
B. The true/false-type question has one possible outcome.
C. The probability of getting a 0 when a die is rolled is certain.
D. The probability of getting a club if you draw one card from standard deck
of 52 cards is .
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10. Alex asked his 40 classmates of their favorite snacks. These are the
responses of his classmates; 10 students chose banana cue; 12 chose
cassava cake and 18 chose pancakes. If one of his classmates is chosen at
random, what is the probability that the chosen classmate prefers cassava
cake?
A. B. C. D. 30

11. If you draw a card from the standard deck of 52 cards, what is the
probability of getting a heart or a number 7?
A. B. C. D.

12. The numbers 4 to 10 are written on separate pieces of paper, folded and
placed in a box. One number (piece of paper) is drawn from this box. What is
the probability that the number chosen is a composite number?
A. B. C. D.

13. There are 7 blue marbles, 12 red marbles, 15 green marble, and 2 black
marbles in a bag. Suppose you select 1 marble at random, what is the
probability that you get a red marble?
A. B. C. D. 14

14. Your bag contains 45 candies which include chocolate, strawberry and
durian flavors. The probability of getting a chocolate candy at random is .
How many strawberry candies and durian candies do you have?
A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 30

15. The blood type of a group of 200 people is distributed as follows: 50 have A
blood type, 65 have B blood type, 70 have O blood type and 15 have AB blood
type. If a person from this group is selected at random, which of the following
has the correct table of probabilities for all blood type?

A. Blood Type A B O AB
Probability

Blood Type A B O AB
B. Probability

C. Blood Type A B O AB
Probability

D. Blood Type A B O AB
Probability

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c. The probability of getting a 7

Notice that there is no 7 since a die has only six faces containing the six
numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Hence, it is impossible to get a 7. In this case, the
probability of getting a 7 is zero. Using the formula, we get,
P(7) = = 0, therefore the probability of getting a 7 in rolling a die once is
0.

Example 4 – Probability in Experiment Involving Standard Deck of Cards

A card is drawn from a well-shuffled standard deck of 52 playing cards.
Find the probability of drawing:
a. the ‗2‘ of hearts
b. a red king
c. a club
d. a black face card
e. neither a heart nor a red king
Solution:
In a standard deck of 52 playing cards, there are 4 suits namely: spades
♠, hearts ♥, diamonds ♦, clubs ♣. Each suit has 13 cards such as ace, king,
queen, jack, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3 and 2. Spades and clubs are black cards.
Cards of hearts and diamonds are red cards. The face cards are King, Queen
and Jack. There are a total of 12 face cards in the deck of 52 playing cards.

a) The probability of drawing the „2‟ of hearts

There is only one ―2‖ of hearts in a deck of cards out of 52. Using the
formula, we get,
P(2 of ♥) = , therefore the probability of picking the ―2‖ of hearts from a
deck of cards is .

b) The probability of drawing a red king

There are only two “red kings” out of 52 cards, the king of heart and the
king of diamond. Hence, there are 2 favorable outcomes out of 52 possible
outcomes. Using the formula, we get,
P(king of red color) = = , therefore the probability of getting a red king
from a deck of cards is .

c) The probability of drawing a club

There are thirteen cards of club in a deck of cards which are the ace,
king, queen, jack, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, and 2. So, the number of favorable
outcomes is 13 out of 52. Using the formula, we get,
P(club) = = or 25% or 0.25. Therefore, the probability of getting a club
from a deck of cards is or 25%.

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d) The probability of drawing a black face card
The black cards are spades and clubs. In each of these suits (spade and
club), there are three face cards namely king, queen and jack. Hence, the total
number of black face cards is 6 out of 52 cards. Using the formula, we get,
P(black face card) = = , therefore the probability of drawing a black
face card from a deck of cards is .
e) neither a heart nor a red king
Only cards of hearts and diamonds are red in the deck of cards. There are
13 cards of heart including the king of heart. Additionally, there is only one
―red king‖ card that is not counted yet—the king of diamond. Hence, we have a
total of 14 cards which is a heart or a red king. Since these cards are the cards
which are NOT chosen, we can subtract this number from the total number of
cards in the deck. Hence, there are 52 – 14 = 38 choices of cards to be drawn.
So, the probability of picking neither a heart nor a red king is
P(E) = = , therefore the probability of drawing neither a heart nor a red
king in a deck of cards is

Example 5 - Probability in Experiments involving Marbles

In Ana‘s bag, there are 5 blue marbles, 4 red marbles, 1 green marble, and
2 black marbles. Suppose you draw 1 marble at random, calculate the
probability of:
a) drawing a black marble.
b) not drawing a green marble.
c) drawing a blue or a red marble.
Solution:

In the problem, there are 5 blue marbles, 4 red marbles, 1 green marble
and 2 black marbles, or a total of 12 marbles. Hence, there are 12 possible
outcomes when we draw 1 marble from Ana‘s bag.

a. The probability of getting a black marble

The number of favorable outcomes is 2 because there are 2 black marbles

out of 12. Using the formula, we get,
P(black) = = , therefore the probability of drawing a black marble is .

b. The probability of not getting a green marble

Note that there is only 1 green marble out of 12. Hence, the remaining
number of marbles that is not green is 11. Using the formula, we get,
P(not green) = , therefore the probability of getting a marble that is not
green is

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
 What I Can Do

Directions: You are ready now to apply what you have learned in finding the
probability of simple event. Read carefully and analyze the situation
below, then answer the questions that follow.
Hannah is a student and an online seller. She sells Personal Preventive
Equipment (PPE) like face mask (cloth), alcohol, and hand sanitizer to prevent the
spread of the COVID-19 virus. The table below shows the sold out product in a
week.

Product (PPE) Number of product

sold out in a week
Face mask (cloth) 45
Alcohol 15
Hand sanitizer 5
Total 60

Questions:

1. What is the probability that the purchased product is an alcohol?

2. What is the probability that the purchased product is a hand sanitizer?
3. What is the probability that the purchased product is a face mask?
4. What is the bestselling product?
5. If you are the seller, based on the information presented above, which
product will you prefer to sell? Why?

Assessment

Post-Assessment:
Directions: Answer each of the following items accurately. Write the letter of the
correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is referred to as the likelihood or chance that an event will happen or

occur?
A. Event B. Experiment C. Probability D. Outcome

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8
2. There is chance of rain today. How is this probability written in decimal
form?
A. 0.007 B. 0.07 C. 0.7 D. 7.0

3. If the spinner at the right is spun once, what is the probability that it will
land not on B?
A. C. 3
B. D. 5

4. A module reproduction team has 9 male and 6 female members. If every

member is equally likely to be elected as the chairperson of the team, what is
the probability of electing a male?
A. B. C. D.

5. Which of the following spinner below has the probability of 0.25 that it will
land on black?
A. B. C. D.

6. Carlo is asked to choose a number from 1 to 20. What is the probability of

choosing a number that is divisible by 5?
A. 80% B. 60% C. 40% D. 20%

7. A fair die is rolled once. What is the probability that the number turning up is
not divisible by 3?
A. B. C. D.

8. Jessa asked her 30 classmates of their most favorite snack. The results were
10 students chose banana cue, 5 chose cassava cake, and 15 chose pan
cake. What is the probability that a chosen classmate prefers banana cue?
A. B. C. D. 1

9. Marie‘s pencil case contains 7 blue pencils, 8 yellow pencils and 3 red
pencils. If a pencil is randomly chosen from the case, what is the probability
of getting a blue or yellow?

A. B. C. D.

10. A large box contains 365 tickets, one for each day of an ordinary year.
Suppose one ticket is selected at random, what is the probability that the
selected day is in December?
A. B. C. D.

11. Drawing a card from a deck of 52 cards, what is the probability of picking
neither a heart nor an ace?
A. B. C. D. 35

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12. Ben, Alex, Ric, and Mae are arguing on the probability of a 5 turning up in
rolling on a fair die once. Who among them is correct?

A. Ben C. Alex
Event: 5 Event: 5
S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} S = {5}
P(5) = P(5) =

B. D.

Ric Mae
Event: 5 Event: 5
S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6} S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
P(5) = P(5) =

13. Which of the following situations is most likely to happen?

A. Drawing a consonant from the letters of the word ―HARMONY‖.
B. All members of a graduating class to be valedictorians.
C. For an item in a True-False test to be false.
D. Rain to fall during the summer season.

14. Teacher Mae is a grade 9 adviser. She conducted a survey on the preferred
learning modalities which the students can choose from which are (a) Online
learning, (b) Modular, (c) face to face, and (d) blended learning. There were 50
students who responded in the survey. The probability that a randomly
chosen student prefers modular learning modality is . What does this mean?

A. There are 15 students in the class who prefer modular learning modality.
B. There are 30 students in the class who prefer modular learning modality.
C. Modular learning modality is the least preferred from among the options.
D. There are more students who prefer the other learning modalities.

15. Only Grade 10, 11, or 12 students can represent Manila High School in the
National Press Conference. Four out of the 5 slots have been filled. The
remaining slot is to be filled by a randomly chosen student from those grade
levels. If the ratio of the number of Grade 10 students to the total number
students in the said grade levels is 81:250, and the ratio of the number of
Grade 11 students to the total number students in the said grade levels is
20:50, from which grade level does the student to fill the fifth slot have the
greatest chance to be chosen?

A. Grade 10 C. Grade 12
B. Grade 11 D. All grades levels are equally likely.

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CO_Q4_Mathematics 8_Module 8