تصميم بلاطه هردي باتجاهين

Reinforced Concrete Design Design of Edge Supported Ribbed (Joists) Slabs
Edge Supported Two-Way Ribbed and Hollow Block Slabs

Slab Behavior and Design Requirements
Two-way ribbed slab gives an economical solution for floor system having higher spans (L
> 8m) with sufficient stiffness to avoid higher deflection. As before in one-way ribbed slab,
the voids between the ribs in the two-way ribbed slab may be either lightweight material
such as hollow blocks or it may left unfilled as shown in the figure. As shown in the figure,
ribs in both directions are running and hence two directions should be designed.
Load direction
Load direction
Hollow
Void block
Two-way ridded slab behavior is similar to the two-way solid slab. The slab bends under
load into a dished surface and consequently bending moments are created in the ribs in both
directions. Hence, Coefficients method (Method 2, ACI code-1963) for design of two-way
solid slab can be used to design two-way ribbed slab ribs in both directions.
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Ls
Rib in long direction

Ll
Supports for all sides

Rib in short direction
The dimension and strength requirements of important elements of one-way slab are also
valid for two-way ribbed slab. The equations of minimum thickness of the ACI code
(given before in two-way solid slab) should be used with some modification. The inertia of
the present two way ribbed slab will be compared with a conjugate two-way solid slab’s
thickness that was obtained from the equations of minimum thickness of the ACI code. This
procedure will be explained in the next example.
Own Weight of a Two-Way Hollow Block Slab
Example
Compute the own weight per square meter of a two-way

hollow block slab if:
 Top slab is 50 mm thick,
 500mm between ribs (center to center),
 Block is 20x 20 x 40 cm,
 Density of hollow block, 8 kN/m3,
 Density of reinforced concrete, 25 kN/m3.
Solution
Top slab = 0.05 * 1 * 1 * 25 = 1.25 KN/m2.
Ribs = 25 [(2*0.1 * 0.2 * 1) + (2*0.1 * 0.2 * 0.8)] = 1.8 KN/m2.
Hollow block = 8 * 0.2 * 0.2 * 0.4 * 8 = 1.02 KN/m2.
 Own weight of the slab= 1.25 + 1.8 + 1.02 = 4.07 ≈ 4.1 KN/m 2.
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Example
Design the two-way hollow slabs shown in the figure Use method -2 (coefficient method)
= 21 MPa
= 280 MPa
L.L = 2.0 KN/m2
Finishing load = 1.5 KN/m2
Width of all beams = 250 mm
Solution
1) Layout of ribs
Use 0.4 * 0.2 * 0.2 m block and 0.1 m width (average width) of ribs.
As show in the figure, 0.175 m is left at the ends as solid parts.
2) Thickness of the slab
To determine the suitable thickness, it may find the moment of inertia for assumed
two-way solid slab that has the same length of span and compare it with the inertia
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of the present two way ribbed slab;
So Irib should be > Isolid.
For solid slab:
Assume stiff supported beams and hence; αm > 2

7250 (0.8  280 / 1400 )
hmin   161 .11mm
36  9 * 1.0
1000 *161 .13
I solid   348 .5 *10 6 mm 4
12
For hollow block ribbed slab:
Use the dimension as shown in figure,

Af = 1000*50 =50000 mm2
Aw = 2*100*200 =40000 mm2
Atotal =90000 mm2
50000 * 25  40000  150
Y   80.6mm
90000
 500 * (50) 3 100  (200 ) 3 
I rib  2  50 * 500 * (55.6) 2   100 * 200 (69.4) 2   490 .97 mm4
 12 12 
I rib > I solid, so the thickness and dimensions are Ok.
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To check the thickness of topping slab, find the moment (M) from the table case
1 and find fr and compare with √
3) Loads
Own weight of two-way hollow block ribbed slab (already calculated) ≈ 4.1
KN/m2
Wu = 1.2 (4.1 + 1.5) + 1.6 * 2 = 9.92 KN/m2
4) Structural Analysis
To obtain the bending moments in the slab, coefficients of the moment in the table
case 5 will be used.
Moments for 1.0 m strip
Ls/LL = 1.0 and moments for short and long directions are the same.
1) Negative moments: (-M)
- Continuous edges: =0
- Dis-continuous edges: 0.033 * 9.92 * (7.5)2= 18.414 KN.m/m
2) Positive moment at misspend: (+M)
0.05 * 9.92 * (7.5)2 =27.9 KN.m/m
Moments for ribs
(-M) Negative memento at dis-cont. edge = 0.5 * 18.414 = 9.21 KN.m/rib

(+M) positive moment at mid span = 0.5 * 27.9 = 13.95 KN.m/rib
Shear force
Vu at center line of support =WuLs/2=9.92*7.5/2 = 37.2 KN/m

Vu For each rib = 37.2 * 0.5 = 18.6 KN/rib
5) Structural design
Check of topping slab: topping slab is Ok.
Design for bending moment
Critical sections
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Section (1-1)
M= + 13.95 KN.m / rib

Assume the bar diameter for main reinforcement is 16 mm
d= 250 – 20 – 6 – 16/2 = 216 mm
be is the minimum of : 1) L/4 , 2)16 t s + bw , 3)CL-CL  be = 500 mm
To check the position of N.A:
MR = 0.9*0.85*21*500*50*(216 - 50/2)*10-6 = 75.4 KN.m/rib > 13.95
KN.m/rib……….OK
Therefor N.A lies in the flange
Ru= 13.95 * 106 / (500 * (216)2) = 0.6 MPa
( √ )
As = 0.00243 * 500 * 216 = 262 mm2

Check of ρmin : ρw =262 /(100*216) = 0.0122 > 0.005 OK
Use (1  16 + 1  14)/rib  As prov. = 355 mm2
Check of reinforcement for the other direction,
d = 250 – 20 – 6 – 16 – 16/2 = 200 mm
Ru = 0.7 MPa  ρ= 0.00283  As = 283.3 mm2
So (1  16 + 1  14) / rib is OK
Section (2-2)
Mu = -9.21 KN.m/rib
( √ )
Check ɛt…
 
The reinforcement is enough because solid parts are located near the supports and
the rib is 500 mm wide there.
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6) Design for shear:
Critical shear (Vu) will be at (d) from the solid part:

dav = (216 + 200 )/2= 208 mm
X = 0.25/2 + 0.175 + 0.208 = 0.508 mm
Vu at critical section = 18.6 – (9.21 *0.5* 0.508)
= 16.26 KN/rib
( √ )
Use minimum shear reinforcement: Stirrup  6 mm @ 200 mm
Check maximum spacing for shear…
Use  6 mm @ 200 mm
7) Drawing and detailing
Plan for two-way hollow block slab showing dimensions and reinforcement
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Reinforced Concrete Design Design of Edge Supported Ribbed (Joists) Slabs

Edge Supported Two-Way Ribbed and Hollow Block Slabs

Rib in long direction

Supports for all sides

Own Weight of a Two-Way Hollow Block Slab

Compute the own weight per square meter of a two-way

Top slab = 0.05 * 1 * 1 * 25 = 1.25 KN/m2.

Ribs = 25 [(2*0.1 * 0.2 * 1) + (2*0.1 * 0.2 * 0.8)] = 1.8 KN/m2.

Hollow block = 8 * 0.2 * 0.2 * 0.4 * 8 = 1.02 KN/m2.

2) Thickness of the slab

of the present two way ribbed slab;

So Irib should be > Isolid.

For solid slab:

Assume stiff supported beams and hence; αm > 2

For hollow block ribbed slab:

Use the dimension as shown in figure,

Moments for 1.0 m strip

Moments for ribs

(-M) Negative memento at dis-cont. edge = 0.5 * 18.414 = 9.21 KN.m/rib

Vu at center line of support =WuLs/2=9.92*7.5/2 = 37.2 KN/m

Check of topping slab: topping slab is Ok.

Design for bending moment

M= + 13.95 KN.m / rib

As = 0.00243 * 500 * 216 = 262 mm2

6) Design for shear:

Critical shear (Vu) will be at (d) from the solid part:

Check maximum spacing for shear…

7) Drawing and detailing

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Ribs = 25 [(20.1 0.2 * 1) + (20.1 0.2 * 0.8)] = 1.8 KN/m2.