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    Math Kernel Library

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    Math Kernel Library

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    Math_Kernel_Library

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    Math Kernel Library

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    Math Kernel Library

    Intel oneAPI Math Kernel Library (Intel oneMKL; formerly


    Intel Math Kernel Library or Intel MKL) is a library of optimized
    Math Kernel Library
    math routines for science, engineering, and financial applications. Developer(s) Intel
    Core math functions include BLAS, LAPACK, ScaLAPACK, Initial release May 9, 2003
    sparse solvers, fast Fourier transforms, and vector math.[5][6] That
    is besides the math.h standard C library, that is also more accurate Stable release 2023.1 /
    compared to glibc.[7] March 29,
    2023[1]
    The library supports Intel processors[2] and is available for Written in C/C++, Intel
    Windows, Linux and macOS operating systems.[5][6][8] DPC++
    Compiler,
    Intel oneAPI Math Kernel Library is not to be confused with
    Fortran
    oneAPI Math Kernel Library (oneMKL) Interfaces, a piece of
    open-source glue code that allows Intel MKL routines to be used Operating system Microsoft
    from Data Parallel C++.[9] Windows,
    Linux, macOS
    History and licensing Platform Intel Xeon,
    Intel Xe, Intel
    Intel launched the Math Kernel Library on May 9, 2003, and Core, Intel
    called it blas.lib.[10] The project's development teams are located in Atom[2]
    Russia and the United States.
    Type Library and
    The library was available in a standalone form, free of charge framework
    under the terms of Intel Simplified Software License[3] which License freeware under
    allow redistribution.[11] ISSL[3][4]
    Website www.intel.com
    Since April 2020, MKL has become part of oneAPI. Commercial
    support for oneMKL is available when purchased as part of /content/www
    oneAPI Base Toolkit. /us/en
    /developer
    /tools/oneapi
    Performance and vendor lock-in /onemkl.html
    (https://www.int
    MKL and other programs generated by the Intel C++ Compiler
    el.com/content/
    and the Intel DPC++ Compiler improve performance with a
    technique called function multi-versioning: a function is compiled www/us/en/dev
    or written for many of the x86 instruction set extensions, and at eloper/tools/on
    run-time a "master function" uses the CPUID instruction to select a eapi/onemkl.ht
    version most appropriate for the current CPU. However, as long as ml) 
    the master function detects a non-Intel CPU, it almost always
    chooses the most basic (and slowest) function to use, regardless of what instruction sets the CPU claims to
    support. This has netted the system a nickname of "cripple AMD" routine since 2009.[12] As of 2020,
    Intel's MKL remains the numeric library installed by default along with many pre-compiled mathematical
    applications on Windows (such as NumPy, SymPy).[13][14] Although relying on the MKL, MATLAB
    implemented a workaround starting with Release 2020a which ensures full support for AVX2 by the MKL
    also for non Intel (AMD) CPUs.[15]

    Details

    Functional categories

    Intel MKL has the following functional categories:[16]

    Linear algebra: BLAS routines are vector-vector (Level 1), matrix-vector (Level 2) and
    matrix-matrix (Level 3) operations for real and complex single and double precision data.
    LAPACK consists of tuned LU, Cholesky and QR factorizations, eigenvalue and least
    squares solvers. MKL also includes Sparse BLAS, ScaLAPACK, Sparse Solver, Extended
    Eigensolver (FEAST, PARDISO), PBLAS and BLACS. MKL is even better at small
    dimensions than libxsmm (https://github.com/libxsmm/libxsmm).

    Since MKL uses standard interfaces for BLAS and LAPACK, the application which
    uses other implementations can get better performance on Intel and compatible
    processors by re-linking with MKL libraries.

    MKL includes a variety of Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) from 1D to multidimensional,


    complex to complex, real to complex, and real to real transforms of arbitrary lengths.
    Applications written with the open source FFTW can be easily ported to MKL by linking with
    interface wrapper libraries provided as part of MKL for easy migration.

    Cluster versions of LAPACK and FFTs are also available as part of MKL to take
    advantage of MPI parallelism in addition to single node parallelism from
    multithreading.

    Vector math functions include computationally intensive core mathematical operations for
    single and double precision real and complex data types. These are similar to libm functions
    from compiler libraries but operate on vectors rather than scalars to provide better
    performance. There are various controls for setting accuracy, error mode and denormalized
    number handling to customize the behavior of the routines.
    Statistics functions include random number generators and probability distributions.
    optimized for multicore processors. Also included are compute-intensive in and out-of-core
    routines to compute basic statistics, estimation of dependencies etc.
    Data fitting functions include splines (linear, quadratic, cubic, look-up, stepwise constant)
    for 1-dimensional interpolation that can be used in data analytics, geometric modeling and
    surface approximation applications.
    Deep Neural Network
    Partial Differential Equations
    Nonlinear Optimization Problem Solvers

    See also
    OneAPI (compute acceleration)
    List of numerical libraries
    Automatically Tuned Linear Algebra Software (ATLAS)
    GotoBLAS and OpenBLAS
    Integrated Performance Primitives

    References
    1. "Intel® Math Kernel Library Release Notes and New Features" (https://software.intel.com/co
    ntent/www/us/en/develop/articles/oneapi-math-kernel-library-release-notes.html).
    software.intel.com.
    2. Intel® oneAPI Math Kernel Library (oneMKL) | Intel® Software (https://software.intel.com/one
    api/onemkl)
    3. "Intel Simplified Software License" (https://software.intel.com/en-us/license/intel-simplified-s
    oftware-license).
    4. "OneMKL — oneAPI Specification 1.1-rev-1 documentation" (https://spec.oneapi.io/versions/
    latest/elements/oneMKL/source/index.html).
    5. "Intel Math Kernel Library" (https://www.its.hku.hk/services/research/hpc/software/mkl).
    6. "Intel Math Kernel Library (MKL)" (https://www.nsc.liu.se/software/math-libraries/).
    7. "Accuracy of Mathematical Functions in Single, Double, Double Extended, and Quadruple
    Precision" (https://members.loria.fr/PZimmermann/papers/accuracy.pdf) (PDF). Retrieved
    2023-03-15.
    8. "MKL - Intel Math Kernel Library" (https://www.osc.edu/documentation/software-list/mkl-intel-
    math-kernel-library). 23 April 2012.
    9. "oneapi-src/oneMKL" (https://github.com/oneapi-src/oneMKL). oneAPI-SRC. 19 March 2021.
    "oneMKL interfaces are an open-source implementation of the oneMKL Data Parallel C++
    (DPC++) interface according to the oneMKL specification. It works with multiple devices
    (backends) using device-specific libraries underneath."
    10. "Intel launches library tool for developers. (Intel Math Kernel Library 6.0) (Brief Article)" (htt
    p://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-101517042/intel-launches-library-tool.html).
    Telecomworldwire. May 9, 2003. Retrieved November 29, 2009.
    11. "Intel Math Kernel Library Licensing FAQ" (https://software.intel.com/en-us/mkl/license-faq).
    12. Agner Fog. "Agner's CPU blog - Intel's "cripple AMD" function" (https://www.agner.org/optimi
    ze/blog/read.php?i=49).
    13. "Comment chain in: r/matlab - How-To force Matlab to use a fast codepath on AMD
    Ryzen/TR CPUs - up to 250% performance gains" (https://old.reddit.com/r/matlab/comments/
    dxn38s/howto_force_matlab_to_use_a_fast_codepath_on_amd/fm2j83e/). reddit. Retrieved
    2020-06-06.
    14. "High-Performance Computing Center Stuttgart - Knowledge Base - Libraries(Hawk)" (http
    s://kb.hlrs.de/platforms/index.php/Libraries(Hawk)). Retrieved 2020-06-06.
    15. "Crippled No Longer: Matlab Now Runs on AMD CPUs at Full Speed - ExtremeTech" (http
    s://www.extremetech.com/computing/308501-crippled-no-longer-matlab-2020a-runs-amd-cp
    us-at-full-speed). www.extremetech.com. Retrieved 2020-10-29.
    16. admin (2019-11-14). "Developer Reference for Intel® Math Kernel Library - C" (https://softwa
    re.intel.com/en-us/mkl-developer-reference-c). software.intel.com. Retrieved 2019-11-27.

    External links
    Official website (https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/developer/tools/oneapi/onemkl.ht
    ml)
    Documentation (https://software.intel.com/en-us/mkl/documentation/get-started)
    oneMKL User Forum (https://community.intel.com/t5/Intel-oneAPI-Math-Kernel-Library/bd-p/o
    neapi-math-kernel-library)
    oneAPI oneMKL Specification (https://spec.oneapi.io/versions/latest/elements/oneMKL/sour
    ce/index.html)
    oneMKL Benchmarks Suite (https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/developer/articles/tec
    hnical/onemkl-benchmarks-suite.html)

    Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Math_Kernel_Library&oldid=1161512596"

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