International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

SMART MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR HOME AUTOMATION

S. Vijayasharmila1, C.S. Aishwarya2, P. Harshini2 , D. Jagruthy2 , M. Loga Meenakshi2

1Assistant professor, Department of Information Technology, K.L.N College of Engineering, Pottapalayam,

Sivagangai , Tamil Nadu, India.
2UG students, Department of Information Technology, K.L.N College of Engineering, Pottapalayam,

Sivagangai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Abstract - Internet of Things (IoT) is the networking of edit/modify/build. Node MCU Dev Kit/board consist of
physical objects that contain electronics embedded within ESP8266 wi fi enabled chip. The ESP8266 is a low-cost Wi-
their architecture in order to communicate and sense Fi chip developed by Espressif Systems with TCP/IP
interactions amongst each other or with respect to the protocol. For more information about ESP8266, you can
external environment. The proposed project presents the refer ESP8266 WiFi Module .
complete design of an IoT based sensing and monitoring
system for smart home automation. It uses Arduino IDE
platform for collecting and visualizing monitored data and
remote controlling of home appliances and devices. The
selected platform is very flexible and user-friendly. The sensing
of different variables inside the house is conducted using the
NodeMCU-ESP8266 microcontroller board, which allows real
time data sensing, processing and uploading/downloading
to/from the Arduino IDE. The main focus of the project is to
monitor and control water purity level of tank, leakage of gas
and fire security.

Key Words: node MCU, Flame sensor, gas sensor,

pHsensor, GSM module, Temperature sensor.
Fig-1: pin diagram for Node MCU ESP8286.
1. INTRODUCTION
pH, commonly used for water measurements, is a
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of measure of acidity and alkalinity, or the caustic and base
physical objects—devices, instruments, vehicles, buildings present in a given solution. It is generally expressed with a
and other items embedded with electronics, circuits, numeric scale ranging from 0-14. The value 7 represents
software, sensors and network connectivity that enables neutrality. The numbers on the scale increase with
these objects to collect and exchange data. Applications of increasing alkalinity, while the numbers on the scale
IoT are home automation, energy management, media, decrease with increasing acidity. Each unit of change
entertainment, agriculture, security, environmental represents a tenfold change in acidity or alkalinity. The pH
monitoring, infrastructure management etc. Home value is also equal to the negative logarithm of the hydrogen-
automation can quickly bring the future in to our homes by ion concentration or hydrogen-ion activity. pH values for
incorporating security, climate, and household gadgets and some common solutions are listed in the table to the right.
transforms our regular home into a futuristic smart home.
These smart home systems can be used for simple or
elaborate tasks by integrating devices and gadgets inside and
outside of your home. A simple definition for home
automation is the ability to do tasks automatically and
monitor or change status remotely. Common tasks include
turning off lights when no one is in the room, locking doors
via smartphone, automates air condition systems that can
sense and memorize temperature settings and appliances
that help you reduce the time you spend in the kitchen.

Node MCU is an open source LUA based firmware

developed for ESP8266 wi-fi chip. By exploring functionality
Fig-2: Diagram for pH sensor.
with ESP8266 chip, Node MCU firmware comes with
ESP8266 Development board/kit i.e. Node MCU The MQ6 (LPG Gas Sensor) is a simple-to-use
Development board. Since Node MCU is open source liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensor. It can be used in gas
platform, their hardware design is open for leakage detecting equipment in consumer and industry

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2501
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

applications, This sensor is suitable for detecting LPG, iso- SHs can be categorized into two types namely, wired and
butane, propane, LNG. Avoid the noise of alcohol, cooking wireless systems. Wired systems use optical fibers, bus lines,
fumes and cigarette smoke. The sensitivity can be adjusted and power lines. SH can simultaneously work on wireless
by the potentiometer. Features of MQ6 gas sensor are and wired systems. SH automation systems have gradually
Operating Voltage is +5,Can be used to detect LPG or Butane become all-purpose portable controllers that provide
gas ,Analog output voltage: 0V to 5V,Digital Output Voltage: convenience to people in their daily routines. A SH is an
0V or 5V (TTL Logic),Preheat duration 20 seconds, Can be environment where heterogeneous and electronic devices
used as a Digital or analog sensor, The Sensitivity of Digital are connected together to deliver smart services to
pin can be varied using the potentiometer. individuals. A SH is designed to improve the standard of
living, safety, security, and reduce energy consumption and
resources. In addition, SH plays an important role in
community development. In an SH environment, smart
appliances can be directly connected to the home network,
and the commands are given by users to individually control
each appliance. Smart devices can automatically react when
commands are given either through voice, smartphone, or
computer. Majority of control applications are interrelated to
lighting, motion, security, entertainment, and temperature.
The use of smart phones and computers are crucial because
they are technological benchmarks in the modern era.
Fig-3: Diagram for MQ6gas sensor.
The project that manage home appliances through
A flame sensor is a crucial safety component on your IoT, where the temperatures, fire, and gas were controlled
gas furnace. During the ignition sequence, your gas furnace by using different sensors. This type of system is useful
undergoes a process where a spark or a hot surface ignitor when the user is away because it monitors temperature,
will actually ignite the gas. As the gas is ignited, the flame detects liquid petroleum gas leakage and fire, and provides
sensor creates a current of electricity. The electricity is brief information on household safety when fire and gas
measured in micro amps. If the furnace’s control board does leakage are detected. In other words, the gas sensor detects
not read the proper level of micro amps, the furnace will stop the leakage and immediately alerts the user through an SMS
giving the system fuel to avoid an explosion. Over time, if the to the mobile phone and the people at home by turning on
flame sensor is not cleaned properly, oxidation or carbon the siren and displaying the message on an mobile phone
buildup can hinder the flame sensor’s ability to function through application. Similarly, an SMS is automatically sent.
properly, which can result in a malfunction of the furnace. It determines a range of temperatures, fire, and gases
The way to establish if a dirty flame sensor is to blame for a because it uses different sensors.. In addition, the data
furnace malfunction is to take a micro amp draw reading, uploaded to the web server are updated and can be retrieved
which an expert heating technician can give you. If a dirty from anywhere in the world. In summary, IoT is used to
flame sensor is the reason, the heating expert will clean the enhance the safety standards, where the communication
sensor with steel wool. If dirt was the sole factor, we will see between sensors and transducers is wirelessly resolved by
a significantly higher amp reading. If the reading shows no using one chip through Wi-Fi.
change, the technician will carry on with the furnace repair
diagnostic process. 3. PROPOSED WORK:

The proposed project is to monitor and control the

home appliances. It is going to cover three modules namely
Temperature based fire detection, Gas based fire detection,
water purity check. Main objective of the project is being
proactive. This project mainly focuses on monitoring the
above mentioned modules and sends intimation to owner if
the house is in danger via GSM module. If the modules cross
its threshold level, then it gives the alert to the respective
members before it happens. Temperature based fire
Fig-4: Diagram for LM393 Flame Sensor. detection module measures the temperature of the room and
predicts the fire occurrences in the house based on
2. RELATED WORK threshold value which is fixed. Gas based fire detection
module senses the gas leakage and alerts the user that the
A Smart Home (SH) is the integration of technology house is in danger. Water purity check module is to check
that enables users to achieve a better quality of living. SH can the purity level of water and intimates the user to clean the
help to improve security, comfort, convenience, an energy water tank in the house. All the modules are connected as a
management. SH aids elderly and disabled people by system and used in the house.
providing them a safe and secure environment. Basically,
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2502
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

3.2 GAS DETECTION

Secondly, detects the LPG gas leakage. If the LPG gas

level crosses the threshold level, then it sends SMS to the
user using GSM modem. Also, the LPG detector system turns
on the buzzer to indicate the person nearby to the system.
And at the same time Relay is turned on. Node MCU has in-
build Analog to digital convertor so we need not connect any
external ADC IC.

This module proves really helpful in cases, when

there is no one in the house that has an LPG gas cylinder in it.
Due to some negligence, there might be LPG gas leakage
which can lead to measuring accidents. GSM based LPG
detector can avoid such situations by sending an alert SMS to
the owner and turning on Buzzer/Siren at the same time.

Fig-5: Flow chart for interfacing node MCU with gas and
flame sensor.

3.1 TEMPERATURE BASED FIRE DETECTION

Initially, the temperature is monitored regularly using Fig-7: Connection diagram for interfacing MQ6 gas sensor
Temperature Sensors which measure the amount of heat with Node MCU.
energy or even coldness that is generated by an object or
3.3 FIRE DETECTION
system. It allow us to “sense” or detect any physical change
to that temperature producing either an analogue or digital The third level of project is very important and also
output. When the temperature level crosses the threshold critical when both the temperature and gas is detected, there
value, it sends an alert SMS to the owner and turns on is more chance for fire. In order to avoid this when both
Buzzer/Siren at the same time and indicates basic level of temperature and gas are detected, automatically alert SMS is
danger. It may end in danger. send to the owner and also neighbors and nearby fire station
stating that chances to fire is high. Intimation is send as
DANGER to the receivers.

Fig-6: Connection diagram for interfacing LM35

temperature sensor with Node MCU
Fig-8: Connection diagram for interfacing flame sensor
with Node MCU.

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

3.4 WATER PURITY CHECK Control: Consumers also choose smart home devices to
better control functions within the home. With home
pH meter basically works on the fact that interface automation technology, you can know what’s happening
of two liquids produces a electric potential which can be inside your home at all times.
measured. In other words when a liquid inside an enclosure
made of glass is placed inside a solution other than that Comfort: Some people use smart technology to record
liquid, there exists an electrochemical potential between the shows or to play music throughout the home. Connected
two liquids. devices can also help create a comfortable atmosphere—
they provide intelligent and adaptive lighting, sound, and
Purpose of the pH sensor is to check the purity level temperature, which can all help create an inviting
of the water. If water is impure, it leads to illness. As a environment.
precautionary activity, the purity level of the water is
measured in this module. If water reaches its impurity level, Peace of Mind: Finally, many consumers invest in home
then an alert message is send to the house owner/tenant. automation technology for peace of mind. A new mom or dad
can check on their little one thanks to smart cameras and
other technologies. Or, if you can’t remember whether you
closed the garage after you left, you can verify remotely with
an app.

CONCLUSIONS

In this paper, the project has proposed the idea of

smart homes that can support a lot of home automation
systems. A smart home contains a connection between
wireless communication, sensors, monitoring and tracking.
Smart homes are a huge system that includes multiple
technologies and applications that can be used to provide
security and control of the home easily. The project has
proposed the idea of smart homes that can support a lot of
home automation systems. A smart home contains a
connection between wireless communication, sensors,
Fig-8: Connection diagram for interfacing pH sensor monitoring and tracking. Smart homes are a huge system
with Ardunio. that includes multiple technologies and applications that can
be used to provide security and control of the home easily.
ADVANTAGES
FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
Savings: Smart thermostats and smart lightbulbs save
energy, cutting utility costs over time. Some home There are a variety of enhancements that could be
automation technologies monitor water usage, too, helping made to this system to achieve greater accuracy in sensing
to prevent exorbitant water bills. Certain devices even offer and detection.
rebates.
a) There are a lot of other sensors that can be used to
Safety: Many home automation technologies fall under the increase the security and control of the home like pressure
umbrella of home security. Consumers purchase these sensor that can be put outside the home to detect that
devices because they want to make their homes safer and someone will enter the home.
more secure. Automated lighting thwarts would-be burglars,
and motion sensors help people enter doors and walk b) A smart garage that can measure the length of the car and
hallways late at night Security cameras offer benefits choose which block to put the car into it and it will navigate
through either remote monitoring of package deliveries or the car through the garage to make the parking easy for the
real-time video of home inhabitants or unwanted visitors. homeowner in his garage.

Convenience: Because home automation technology ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

performs rote tasks automatically, end users experience
great convenience. Lots of smart gadgets are compatible We would like to thank all academic staff in our university
with one another, and you can set different triggers between for supporting us in each research. Project work at the end of
devices to automate regular home processes. For instance, term always becomes a great deal and requires great amount
you could set your smart locks to turn on your smart lighting of work. but sometimes guidance and co –operation of other
when you unlock the front door. people directly or indirectly help to temp this problem.

© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 2504
 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

We are thankful to our Assistant professor Ms. S. Vijaya

Sharmila, who guided and taught IoT. Without her the core
understanding of course work could not have been possible.
Last but not least, we are thankful to everybody who directly
or indirectly helped us in this project.

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