WEEK 1

TOPIC: ESTIMATING LENGTH AND COMPARING MEASUREMENT

SUBTOPIC: ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF LENGTH

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Estmate distance in kilo meter and meters.

2. Add lengths to kilo meters and meters

3. Solve quantitative aptitude problems on length.

CONTENT

ESTIMATING LENGTH AND COMPARING MEASUREMENT

To estimate means to give an approximate, rather than an exact figure. It means

Making a guess that is accurate or near accurate. Either way, be sure to estimate.
Do not shy away from giving estimates. Practice regularly until you can estimate
short
lengths in cm with accuracy.

Converting meters to kilometers and vice versa

Nasif lives in the village. He walks to the school which is about half a kilometre
from the
village. It takes him about 8 minutes to walk to school.

1 kilometre (km) = 1000 metres (m).

So Nasif walks 500 metres to school.

Long distances are measured in kilometres. Think of distances that are measured
in
kilometres. The length of rivers, the distance from one city to another, the rail
track, etc.
Examples
Study these examples of converting kilometres to metres.
Example 1: 2 km to metres
=2×100

=2000 meters

Example 2: 4 km 250 m to meters

= (4×1000m)+250m
 =4000m+250m

=4250m

Example 3:4.758m

4.758×1000

=4758m

Exercise 2
A. Convert the following to meters.
1.8 km 2.9 km 3.10 km 4.7 km 615 m 5.6 km 400m 6.1 km 625 m 7.2 km 19 m 8.15
km 215 m 9.3 km 100 m 10.8 km 23 m
B .Convert the following to meters.
1.716 km 2.5.782 km 3.2.139 km 4.8.791 km 5.0.920 km 6.7.1 km 7.5.4 km 8.9.7 km
9.0.09 km 10.4.7 km
To change from metres to kilometres you divide by 1000.
Examples
1.Convert 1586 m to kilometre
1586 ÷ 1000
1586 km = 1.586 km =
1 km 586 m

2.Convert 678 m to kilometres

678 ÷ 1000
678.0 km = 0.678 km = 0 km 678 m

Exercise 3
A. Express in kilometres. Remember the position of the decimal point.
1.345 m 2.150 m 3.755 m 4.48 m 5.66 m 6.495 m 7.899 m 8.675 m 9.4 m 10.95 m
B. Convert the following to kilometres and metres.
1.9600 metres 2.8800 metres 3.4525 metres 4.3333 metres 5.1750 metres 6.6112 m 7.7009 m
8.2010 m 9.3165 m10. 1038 m
ADDITION INVOLVING LENGTH
A B
C D
Line AB is 13 centimetres long while, line CD is 9 centimetres long.
We write AB = 13 cm
CD = 9 cm
The total length of two lines is: 13 cm + 9 cm = 22cm
The difference in their length is: 13 cm −9 cm = 4 cm
We write these as:
AB + CD = 13 cm + 9 cm = 22 cm and AB −CD = 13 cm −9 cm = 4 cm
ADDITION OF LENGTHS IN KUILOMETERS AND METERS

7KM+3KM=
645+ 24m=
1.A swimming pool is 120 metres long. Michael swims 6 laps. What distance did
he cover
in 6 laps?
2.The average weekly distance travelled by a marketer is 320 kilometres. How far
does he travel in a year?
3.A limosine car is 800.5 cm long. Calculate its length in metres.
4.An oil pipe is to be made 16.8 m long. It is made into three equal sections.16.8m
a)How long is each section?
b)How long would each section be if it were split into seven equal sections?
5.a)Find one half of a ball of string measuring 21.2 m long.
b)Find one quarter of the same ball of string.
6.Kalu is walking to his friends house which is 10.5 kilometres away. He walks
one-third of the distance and then takes a rest.
a)How far did he walk before taking a rest?
b)How far has he still to walk?

WEEK 2

TOPIC: WEIGHT

SUBTOPIC: ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF WEIGHT

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Solve problems on weights of objects

2. Solve problems on the multiplication of weights in kg and gram

3. Weigh some objects in their classroom environment.

CONTENT

The standard unit of weight is the gram

Remember: 1 000 grams = 1 kilogram

i.e. 1 000 g = 1 kg
The gram is the unit of weight,
and is used to measure very small masses.

Converting kilogram and grams

To convert kilograms to grams, multiply by 1 000.
Examples
A. Convert to grams.
1. 9 kg 2. 1.5 kg 3. 0.048 kg
Solution
1. 9 kg = 9 ×1 000 g = 9 000g
2. 1.5 kg = 1.5 ×1 000 g = 1 500g
3. 0.048 kg = 0.048 ×1 000 g = 48g

B.
Convert to grams.
1.2kg 350g 2.3kg 75kg 3.5kg 8g
Solution
1. 2kg 350g= 2 ×1000g + 350g
=2000+350g
=2350g

2. 3kg 75g= 3 ×1000g + 75g

= 3000g + 75g
= 3075g

3. 5kg 8g= 5×1000g+8g

=5000g+ 8g
=5008g

Exercise 1
1.
Convert each of the following to grams.
1.4kg 2.1.25kg 3.5.504kg 4.0.75kg 5.2kg 121g 6.31\2kg 7.1kg 567g 8.71\ 10kg

ADDITION OF WEIGHT IN KILOGRAMS AND GRAMS

Here 6kg 940g has been added ton2kg 705g.

Solution:
Kg g
6 940
+2 705= 8kg 1645 Change 1645 to kg and grams

8kg 1645g=8kg +1kg+645g

=9kg 645g

245+416g=661g

Exercise 1
Add the following together.
1.2kg 371g and 5kg 258g 2.13kg 107g and 8kg 887 3.51g 47g and 36kg 69g
4.53.7kg and 34.85kg .5. 989g and 7kg 918g 6.26kg 55g and 3kg 69g
7.0.758kg and 0.587kg

SUBTRACTION OF WEIGHT IN KILOGRAMS AND GRAMS

Examples
1. Subtract 2kg 715g from 7kg 875g
Solution: 7kg 875g- 2kg 715g=5kg 124g

2. Subtract 13kg 76gfrom 37kg 161g

Solution:37kg 161g-7kg 875g=24kg 85g

Exercise
Subtract the following.
1.11kg 45g from 16kg 200g 2.5kg 140g from 9kg 345g 3.17.5kg from 20.3kg 4.1.881kg
from 2kg

5.0.385kg from 1kg 6.3kg 48g from 5kg

Word problems involving addition and subtraction

Example
Mrs. Adoh has 567.5kg of beans in her shop. She sold 273.75kg. What weight of beans does
she have left?kg
Weight of beans in the shop = 567.50
Weight of beans sold = –273.75
Weight of beans left = 293.75
Exercise
Solve the following word problems.
1. The weight of a bucket filled with water is 7.25kg. If the weight of the bucket is 1.75kg,
What is the weight of the water?
2 Take away 15.38kg from 73.4kg.
3. Take away 2.145kg from 2.645kg.
4. What is 5kg minus 3.257kg.
5.Comfort bought 15kg 250g of yam flour. She used 12kg 800g for a feast. What quantity of
flour does she have left?
6.Adeoye weighs 2.235kg less than Bolaji. If Bolaji weighs 84.0kg, find Adeoye’s weight.
7.Sola weighs 63kg 725g and Sulaiman's weight is 67kg 10g. Find their difference in weight.
8 Khadija weighs 29.5kg and Ngozi weighs 31.05kg. Find their difference in weight.
9.The weight of two bags containing yam flour and cassava flour is 9kg 25g. If one of the bags
weighs 6kg 70g, what is the weight of the other?
10.The weight of three books is 3.54kg. Two of them weigh 2.6kg. Find the weight of the third
book.
Multiplication of weight in kilograms and grams
Study these examples of multiplying weights.
Examples
1.Multiply 3kg 325g by 5
2.8kg 50g ×6
Solution: Note 1000g = 1kg
1. Kg g
3 325
× 5 =15kg 1625g.
Change 1625g t0 1g 625g
15kg + 1g + 625g
=16kg 625g
2. kg g
8 50
× 6 = 48kg 300g

Solve the following.

1.30kg 170g ×9 2.12kg 56g ×4 3.52kg 80g ×15 4.31kg 855g ×12

Division of weight in kilograms and grams

Study these examples of dividing weights.
Examples
1. Divide 33 kg 720 g by 6 2. 25 kg 376 g ÷ 8 3. 23.049 kg ÷ 9

1. 5 kg620 g
6 33 kg720 g
30 kg/+3 000 g/
3 kg 3 720 g
– 36/
120
–120/
00
Thus 33 kg 720 g ÷ 6 = 5 kg 620 g

2. 3 kg 172 g
8 25 kg 376 g
24 kg +1 000 g/
1 kg 1 376 g
– 8̅/̅̅
57
– 56/
16
– 16\00
Thus 25 kg 376 g ÷ 8 = 3 kg 172 g
 2.561 kg/
9 23.049 kg
– 18/
50
– 45/
54
– 54/
09
– 09/
00
Thus 23.049 kg ÷ 9 = 2.561 kg
Exercise
1. Divide 12 kg 260 g by 4 2. Divide 5 kg 200 g by 4 3. Divide 6 kg 360 g by 5
4. Divide 10 kg 260 g by 6 5. Divide 7 kg 263 g by 3 6. Divide 15 kg 366 g by 6
7. Divide 10 kg 989 g by 9 8. 41.976 kg ÷ 4 9. 17.152 kg ÷ 8
10. 21.315 kg ÷ 5
Unit 7
Word problems involving multiplication and division
Examples
1. A bag of cement weighs 50 kg. What is the total weight of 4 bags of cement?
Solution
kg
50
×4
200 kg
The total weight of 4 bags of cement is 200 kg.
2. Five women share 14.5 kg of maize equally. How much will each get?
Solution
2.9 kg/
5 14.5 kg
– 10/
45
– 45/
00
" Each woman will get 2.9 kg of maize

Exercise
1. Four cartons of soft drinks weigh 15 kg 316 g. How much will one carton weigh?
2. Find the total weight of 8 tins of paint if each weighs 1.75 kg.
3. A pair of shoes weighs 875 g. Find the weight of 12 similar pairs of shoes.
4. A sachet of gari weighs 255 g. Find the weight of 15 similar sachets of gari.
5. Eight women are to share 35 kg 232 g of rice equally among themselves. How much
does each woman get?
6. A man carried 5 bags of sand from one place to another. Each bag weighs 24.75 kg.
Find the total weight of sand carried by the man.
7. Find the weight of 14 concrete blocks if each weighs 14 kg.
8. 1 kg 449 g of powdered milk is shared among 9 pupils. How much will each receive?
9. Multiply 5 kg 37 g by 8.
10. Divide 123 kg 750 g by 18.
Exercise
1. Convert 3 kg 356 g to grams only. 2. Convert 0.84 kg to grams.
3. Convert 1 17
50 kg to grams. 4. Convert 2 045 g to kilograms only.
5. Convert 3 124 g to kilograms and grams. 6. Add 5 kg 495 g to 2 kg 705 g.
7. 1.785 kg to 0.578 kg. 8. Subtract 3 kg 715 g from 7 kg 875 g.
9. What is 5 kg 297 g from 2 kg 775 g? 10. Solve 2 kg × 5.
11. 5.35 kg × 4. 12. Divide 63 kg 720 g by 6.
13. Divide 18 kg 198 g by 9. 14. Multiply 5 kg 39 g × 8.
15. The weight of 7 crates of mineral is 10.5 kg. What is the weight of one?

WEEK 3

TOPIC: TIME

SUBTOPIC: TELLING THE TIME ON THE CLOCK

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Identify the seconds, minutes, and hour on a clock

2. tell the time on a clock

3. read the calendar and recite 6o seconds make 1 minute

4. use the a.m and p.m notation for the time of the day

5. convert the unit of time

CONTENT
TIME
Telling time to hours and minutes
ToThe clock face on the left shows the hour and minutes hands.
The clock face is divided into 12 large
divisions and 60 small divisions. Between 2 large divisions there are 5 small divisions. When the
minute hand moves from 12 and back to 12 (one complete turn), it moved 60 minutes and the hour
hand moves from one large number to another. This means that the hour-hand moves through 1
large division every 60 small divisions the minute hand moved. Thus: 60 minutes = 1 hour
The short form of hour is h and the short form of minutes is min.
Examples:
Exs:

EXERCISE
Draw a clock to show each of the following times
1. 8:15. 2. 4:18. 3. 3:45. 4. 1:20. 5. Twenty- five minutes to seven 6. Thirteen minutes
past six
USING THE A.M AND P.M NOTATION FOR THE TIME.
In English system the day starts at midnight and ends at the next midnight.

The day begins just after 12 o’clock at midnight. The next 12 o’clock in the day time is called
midday. Then the next 12 o’clock is the next midnight.

The time from a midnight to coming midday is called antemeridian. It is written in short as a.m.
We say the time between midnight and noon is called a.m.

The time between 12 o’clock of the day, i.e., midday to next midnight is known as postmeridian. It
is written in short as p.m.

We say the time between midday (noon) to next midnight is called p.m.

Antemeridian (a.m.) and Postmeridian (p.m.) are Latin words which mean midnight to noon (a.m.)
and noon to midnight (p.m.). We use a.m. to express the time between 12:00 midnight and 12:00
noon. We use p.m. to express the time between 12:00 noon and 12:00 midnight.

Our general clock expresses the time of both time periods by the same numbers. We affix a.m. for
the time between midnight and noon and p.m. for the time between noon and midnight.

to be bed at 10 p.m. in the night and get up at 6 a.m. in the morning.

The time before 12:00 noon is expressed as a.m. and the time after 12:00 noon is expressed as p.m.
When it is 12 0'clock at night, we say it is 12:00 midnight or 00:00 hour. When it is 12 o'clock
during day, we say it is 12:00 noon or 12:00 hours.

Examples:
 Twenty minutes past ten in the morning is written as 10: 20
 Half past three in the afternoon is written as 3:30pm
Exercise
À. Write out these times using a.m or p.m
  The time is when the school assembly begins at 7:30
 The time when the school closes at 2:0clock
 The time when you have your dinner at 7 O'Clock
 The time when you go to bed at 9 o'clock.
B. Copy and complete the following statements. The first is done for you
 Four hours after midnight is 4 a.m
 Three hours before midnight is...................
 Nine hours after midnight is................
 Five hours after midday is....................
 Eleven hours after midday is.... ..........

CONVERSION OF UNIT OF TIME

Examples:
1. Convert 310 seconds to minutes and seconds
Solution:
60 seconds = 1 minutes
310 seconds =310÷60 minutes
= 310/60
= 5 minutes 1 seconds

2. Convert 16 mins 43 seconds

Solution:.
60seconds = 1 minutes
16 minutes= 16× 60 seconds
= 160×6s
=960s
16mins 43s= 960s+43s
= 1003 seconds

...Consider the following examples on units of time:

1. Convert the following:

(i) 7 days 6 hours into hours.

(ii) 6 hours 40 minutes into minutes.

(iii) 4 minutes 25 seconds into seconds.

Solution:

(i) 1 day = 24 hours

Therefore, 7 days 6 hours = (7 x 24) hours + 6 hours

= 168 hours + 6 hours

= 174 hours
(ii) 1 hour = 60 minutes

Therefore, 6 hours + 40 minutes = (6 x 60) minutes + 40 minutes

= (360 + 40) minutes

= 400 minutes

(iii) 1 minute = 60 seconds

Therefore, 4 minutes 25 seconds = (4 x 60) seconds + 25 seconds

= (240 + 25) seconds

= 265 seconds

Exercise
A. Convert each of the following to seconds
6mins
10mins
12mins
2mins 8s
B. Convert each of the following to minutes
360s
1080s
1800s
1020s

WEEK 4

TOPIC: Angles

SUBTOPIC: properties of a square and rectangle

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. State the properties of a square

2. State the properties of a rectangle

3. Find the area of a rectangle using the formula

4. Calculate areas involving square meters and hectares.

5. Develop interest in finding shapes in their environment.

CONTENT
Properties of a square
1. The diagonals of a square bisect each other and meet at 90°
2. The diagonals of a square bisect its angles.
3. Opposite sides of a square are both parallel and equal in length.
4. All four angles of a square are equal. ...
5. All four sides of a square are equal.
6. The diagonals of a square are equal.

Properties of a rectangle
1.Opposite sides are equal.

2.All angles in a rectangle is 90 degrees.

3.Diagonals are equal and they bisect each other.They are also congruent.

4.Perimeter of a rectangle is 2(l+b) where l is length and b is breadth.

5.Area of rectangle is l*b.

6.Square of length of diagonal is the sum of squares of length and breadth.

AREA OF RECTANGLE AND SQUARE

To find the area by counting sguares could take a long time especially if you have to find the area of a
large surface There is a formula to calculate the area of a rectangle or a square.

Example:

The formulary for calculating the area of a rectangle is A = L×B

Lenght = 8cm
Breadth= 6cm
Area= 8cm×6cm
= 48cm²
A= L× L
L= 8cm
B= 8cm
A= 8cm×8cm
A= 64cm2

Length= 3ft
Breadth=5ft
Area: L xB
A= 3 x 5ft.
A= 15ft.
Length= 7mm
Breadth=7mm
Area= LxB
A= 7mm x7mm
A=49mm.

Class work
A. Calculate the area of the following:
1. Rectangle 9cm by 3cm. 2. Rectangle 4cm by 7cm. 3. Rectangle 10cm by 2cm
4. Rectangle 9cm by 1cm. 5. Rectangle 2cm by 5cm. 6. Rectangle 9cm by 2cm
B. Calculate the area of the following:
1. Square side 5cm. 2. Square side 3cm. 3. Square side 6cm. 4. Square side 4cm.
5. Square side 8cm. 6. Square side 7cm

Examples
ding either the length or breadth of a rectangle, you simply divide the given area by
either the breadth or the length.
4 cm
Area = 12 cm2
Area = 12 cm2 Length = 4 cm
Breadth = 12/4
= 3 cm
Area = 21 cm2 3 cm
Area = 21 cm2 Breadth = 3 cm
Length = 21/3
= 7 cm
Exercise 3
Calculate the length or breadth required for each of the following rectangle where the units
for length and breadth are in centimetres.
1. Area = 48, Length = 6 2. Area = 12, Breadth = 2 3. Area = 36, Breadth = 6
4. Area = 20, Breadth = 4 5. Area = 100, Length = 10 6. Area = 11, Breadth 7. Area = 120, Length
= 10 8. Area = 21, Length 4 9. Area = 72, Length 12
10. Area = 80, Breadth 8
To find the side of a square when only the area is given, simply work out the square
root of the area.
Side of a square = Area
Exercise 4
Calculate the sides of each of the squares.
1. Area = 100 cm2 2. Area = 49 cm2 3. Area = 64 cm2 4. Area = 144 cm2
5. Area = 36 m2 6. Area = 81 m2 7. Area = 25 m2 8. Area = 16 m2
9. Area = 169 m2 10. Area = 4 cm2
SQUARE OF A METER AND HECTARE
The square metre is too small to measure very large areas such as states, countries, etc.
The area of Nigeria in square metres is 923 768 000 000 m2
The number of digits are reduced when we use acre and it is reduced further when
we use hectare.
The acre is 4 000 m2 and it is more convenient for measuring fields but the most
common units are the hectare and square kilometre.
1 acre = 4 000 m2 1 hectare = 2 1/2acres = 10 000 m2
1 square kilometre = 1 000 000 m2 = 100 hectares

Exercise 1
A. Write down the area of Nigeria in
1. acres 2. hectares 3. square kilometres
Convert these to acres.
4. 7 hectares 5. 18 hectares 6. 53 hectares
7. 9.6 hectares 8. 14 hectares 9. 30.7 hectares
10. 82.1 hectares 11. 14.27 hectares 12. 35.84 hectares
B. Convert these to acres.
1. 12 000 m2 2. 8 000 m2 3. 16 000 m2 4. 24 000 m2 5. 36 000 m2 6. 60 000 m2 7. 14 000 m2 8. 10 000 m2
9. 6 000 m2 10. 7 500 m2
Remember 1 acre = 4 000 m2
Exercise 2
Convert these to hectares. Remember 1 hectare is 2 12
acres.
1. 600 acres 2. 200 acres 3. 450 acres 4. 129 acre 5. 285 acres 6. 2 036 acres 7. 1 963.2 acres 8. 3 001.8
acres 9. 20 000 m2 10. 80 000 m2 11. 36 000 m2 12. 49 000 m2 13. 24 600 m2 14. 51 200 m2 15. 17 650
m2 16. 90 160 m2 17. 74 380 m2 18. 66 210 m2
Exercise 3
1. Find the breadth of one hectare of farmland with
a) Length – 500 m b) Length – 1 000 m
2. Find the length of one acre of a poultry farm with
a) Breadth – 400 m b) Breadth – 200 m
3. A land speculator bought 10 hectares of land and mapped out 200 plots for sale. What
was the area of each plot?
4. Calculate the area of 10 of the plots in question 3
5. The area of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja is about 925 000 km 2. Convert this to metre2.
Exercise 4
Word problems
1. The area of a town is 14 400 square metres. Find the width if the length is 300 metres.
2. Find the area of a rectangle 24 cm long and 9 cm wide.
3. A tray is 18 cm wide and 28 cm long. What is the area of the surface of the tray?
4. Kitchen tiles are 30 by 20 cm. What is the area of each tile.
5. How many kitchen tiles are needed to cover one side of my kitchen wall measuring
300 cm by 200 cm.
6. A floor is rectangular in shape and it measures 4.5 m by 4 m. What is the area?
225
7. A rectangle has length 25 cm and breadth 18 cm. If a diagonal is drawn to form
two triangles, find the area of one triangle.
8. How many squares of 2 cm side can be cut from a square 10 cm side.
9. Find the area of a plot of land 40 m long and 18 m wide.
10. An oil company is drilling oil in a rectangular plot measuring 28 kilometres by
37 kilometres. What is the area of the plot? Answer in km 2.

WEEK 5

TOPIC: Capacity

SUBTOPIC: Capacity addition and subtraction of liters

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Recapitulate the standard measurements of some liquid

2. Convert liters to centiliters

3. Add liters correctly

4. Subtract liters correctly

CONTENT
CAPACITY ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION IN LITERS

Capacity is the measure of the amount of liquid in a container. The standard unit of
measuring capacity is the litre ( l
Small amount of liquid is measured in millilitre (ml) while large amount is measured in litres.
Table of capacity measure
10 milliliters ( ml) = 1 centiliter ( cl) 10 centilitres = 1 decilitre (dl)
10 deciliters = 1 litre (l) 10 litre = 1 decilitre (dl)
10 decilitres = hectolitre (hl) 10 hectolitres = 1 kilolitre (kl)
Note that
1 000ml = 1 litre ( l ) 100 cl = 1 litre 1 000 l = 1 kilolitre (kl)
When converting a smaller capacity measure to a higher one, note the following:
a) From ml to cl, divide by 10 b) From cl to l, divide by 100
c) From ml to l, divide by 1 000 d) From l to kl, divide by 1 000
Examples
1. Convert 4 000ml to l =4000/1000l=4l
2. Convert 600cl to l = 600/100=6l
100 􀆐􀀃= 6 􀆐
Exercise 1
Express the following in litres L
1. 2 000ML 2. 1 200CL 3. 650cl 4. 800cl 5. 5 000ml
6. 20 000ml 7. 900ml 8. 14 000ml 9. 700ml 10. 10 500ml

When converting higher capacity measure to a smaller capacity, note the following:
a) From cl to ml, multiply by 10 b) From l to cl, multiply by 100
c) From l to ml,, multiply by 1 000 d) From kl to l, multiply by 1 000
Examples
1. Convert 6 litres to cl
1 l􀆐 = 100 cl􀆐
6 􀆐 = 100 × 6 = 600 cl􀆐
2. Convert 5.5 l to ml
1l = 1 000 ml􀆐
5.5 􀆐 = 5.5 × 1 000 ml􀆐 = 5 500ml􀁐􀆐
Exercise 2
A. Convert the following to 􀁆􀆐
1. 7 cl􀁆􀆐 2. 6.5 l􀆐􀀃 3. 10 l􀆐 4. 8.5 l􀆐􀀃 5. 12l􀆐
B. Convert the following to ml
1. 2 l􀆐􀀃 2. 10 cl􀆐 3. 1.5 l􀆐􀀃 4. 3 cl􀆐 5. 4 l􀆐
C. Convert the following to 􀆐
1. 1.5 kl􀁎􀆐 2. 3kl 􀁎􀆐 3. 4.3 kl􀁎􀆐 4. 0.8kl 􀁎􀆐 5. 0.26kl 􀁎􀆐
6. 1.2 kl􀁎􀆐 7. 0.3 kl􀁎􀆐 8. 0.15 kl􀁎􀆐 9. 1.04 kl􀁎􀆐 10. 3.13kl 􀁎􀆐

Addition and subtraction involving litres

Examples
1. 2.38 l􀆐 + 1.65 l􀆐
= 2 · 38 􀆐+ 1 · 65 =4 · 03 l􀆐
2. 46.35l 􀆐 – 29.l6 l􀆐
= 46 · 35 􀆐– 29 · 16 = 17 · 19 l
Exercise
Copy and complete the following.
1. 4 · 3 + 2 · 4l
2.7 · 9+ 8 · 6l
3. 14 · 3+ 9 · 8l
4. 8 · 42+ 3 · 25l
5. 12 · 86+ 4 · 91
6. 15 · 63+ 14 · 78
7. 3 · 175+ 18 · 134
8. 13 · 217+ 19 · 893
9. 27 · 398+ 24 · 923
10. 34 · 654+ 27 · 678
11. 49 · 415+ 50 · 687
12. 5 · 6− 2 · 4l
13. 9 · 2− 5 · 4l
14. 11 · 8− 6 · 9
15. 7 · 43− 2 · 19l
16. 20 · 24− 8 · 77l
17. 32 · 03− 18 · 15l
18. 32 · 714− 16 · 250l
19. 46 · 038− 15 · 71l
20. 53 · 412− 26 · 891l
21. 60 · 105− 42 · 314l
22. 76 · 964+ 9 · 087
23. 795 · 22+ 900 · 11l
24. 900 · 85+ 25 · 22
25. 18.23 􀆐 + 19.47 􀆐 26. 26.08 􀆐 + 34.971 􀆐􀀃 27. 41.376 􀆐 + 39.8 􀆐
28. 30.317 􀆐 – 12.888 􀆐􀀃 29. 46.053 􀆐 – 18.94 􀆐 30. 61.7 􀆐 – 45.632 􀆐

WEEK 6
TOPIC: Capacity

SUBTOPIC: Capacity multiplication and division of liters

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Multiply in liter by whole

2. Divide in liter by whole

3. Appreciate liter as the unit of capacity

CONTENT
Multiplication and division involving litres
Multiplication
Example
Four cars each have 18.5 litres of petrol put in them. How much petrol is this?
18 · 5 􀆐
×4
74 · 0 􀆐
􀆐
Exercise 1
Copy and complete the following.
1. 􀆐
8 · 3l
×2
.2. 􀆐
7 · 1l
×8

3. 􀆐
4 · 7l
×3

4. 􀆐
5 · 9l
×4

5. 􀆐
3 · 2l
×9

6. 􀆐
9 · 4l
×7

7. 5.6 l× 5. 8. 6.2 l× 6 9. 8.0l × 8 10. 1.7l × 9

11. 15 · 6 l
×2

12. 27 · 9 l
×8

13. 36 · 3 l􀆐
×7

14. 47 · 9 l􀆐
×6

15. 54 · 8l􀆐
 ×9

16. 68 · 4 l
×3
17. 43.6 􀆐 × 7 18. 52.2 􀆐 × 9 19. 39.9 􀆐 × 6 20. 20.7 􀆐 × 8
Division
Example
Three customers bought 5.7 litres of palm oil and then
shared it equally among themselves. How many litres did
each customer get?
5.7l ÷ 3 = 1.9 􀆐 5.7 /3 = 1.9 􀆐
1.9 􀆐
3 √5.7
Each customer got 1.9 litres.
Exercise 2
Work these out using the method in the example.
1. 4.8 l ÷ 4. 2. 8.4 l ÷ 6 3. 7.2l ÷ 9. 4. 8.0 ÷ 5
5. 91.6/2􀆐 6. 74.7 /3. 7. 41.6/8􀆐 8. 53.6 /4
9. 3√ 17.1l 10. 7 √37.8l 􀆐 11. 9 √66.6l 􀆐 12. 5√ 89.5l 􀆐
13. Divide 63.7 l􀆐􀀃by 7 14. Divide 83.2 􀆐 by 8
Examples
Word problems on capacity
1. A drum contains 12.58 litres of water, another drum contains 15.71 litres of water.
How much water will the two drums hold?
One drum contains = 12 . 58l 􀆐
Another drum contains = 15 . 71l 􀆐
Both drums hold = 28 . 29l􀆐
231
2. A basin contains 30 litres of water. Bisi used 8.29 litres to wash. How much water is left in
the basin.
A basin contains 30 litres of water = 30 · 00 􀆐
+ 8 · 29
21 · 71 􀆐
used 8.29 litres
Amount of water left 30 – 8.29 litres
3. A car tank holds 40 litres of fuel. How many litres can three such cars hold?
One car 40 litres
Three cars 40 × 3 litres = 120 litres
4. 36 litres of milk was given to 4 pupils to share. How much milk will each pupil get?
No of litres to share = 36 litres 9 litres
4√ 36
36
No of pupils to share it = 4
One pupil will get = 36 ÷ 4
Exercise 3
Word problems
1. 3.6l of water is poured into a bucket that already contains 2.9 􀆐 of water. How much
water is now in the bucket?
2. A tank is full and it contains 30 􀆐 of petrol. 12.72 􀆐 of this is used. How much petrol is left
in the tank?
3. Five friends shared 4 􀆐 of fanta equally. How many litres did each receive?
4. A station has only 92.4 litres of petrol left. This is shared equally by six customers.
How many litres of petrol will each customer receive?
5. A trader sells 43 bottles of oil a day. Each bottle contains 0.6 litres of oil. How many
litres did she sell?
6. Thirty-six children took 1.2 litres of water each with them on a journey. What was the
total capacity of water taken?
7. A car uses 8.76 litres out of the 30.92 􀆐 of petrol in the tank. What capacity of petrol is
left in the tank?
8. A tanker emptied its water into two containers of 3 260 litres and 2 846 litres
respectively. What is the capacity of the tank?
9. A bucket of water contain 7.2 litres of water when full. Equal amount is given to
four goats. What capacity of water will each goat drink?
10. A driver bought 36.82 litres of petrol when traveling to Benin. On his way back he
bought 48.45 􀆐. What is the total capacity of petrol bought?

WEEK 7
TOPIC: Plane shape

SUBTOPIC: Symmetrical plane shape.

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. State the meaning of symmetry

2. Identify Symmetrical plane shape

3. Locate line of symmetry of plane figures at school and home.

4. Identify right angle,acute and obtuse andle in a plane shape.

5. Distinguish between horizontal and vertical.

CONTENT

symmetry means that one shape becomes exactly like another when you move it in some way: turn,
flip or slide. For two objects to be symmetrical, they must be the same size and shape, with one
object having a different orientation from the first. There can also be symmetry in one object, such
as a face
.
SYMMETRICAL PLANE SHAPE
Right angle, acute angle and obtuse angle

RIGHT ANGLE
Acute angle

Obtuse angle
Exercise
The secondary cardinal points
Between North and East, the direction is called North East (NE)
Between South and East, the direction is called South East (SE)
Between South and West, the direction is called South West (SW)
Between North and West, the direction is called North West (NW)
Thus; NE, SE, SW and NW are called the secondary cardinal points.

Exercise
A. From the North direction, record the direction the compass pointer turns through in a
clockwise direction:
1. 11/2
right angles = South East (SE) 2. 1/2
right angle = _______________
3. 2 right angles = _______________ 4. 3 right angles = _______________
5. 21/2
right angles = _______________ 6. 31/2
right angles = _______________
B. How many right angles are turned through by facing:
1. North and turn clockwise to face South?
2. West and turn clockwise to face North East?
3. South and turn clockwise to face North East?
4. North and turn anti clockwise to face East?
5. North and turn anti clockwise to face South East?

Copy and complete this table.

Name of shape Number of lines of symmetry
a) Trapezium
b) Kite
c) Parallelogram
d) Rhombus
e) Equilateral triangle
f) Right-angled triangle
g) Isosceles triangles
h) Circle

Copy and complete.

a) A plane shape with all its four sides equal is a ____________.
b) An equilateral triangle has ____________ equal sides.
c) An isosceles triangle has ____________ line of symmetry.
d) A rhombus has ____________ lines of symmetry.
e) A rectangle has ____________ lines of symmetry.
f) A square has ____________ lines of symmetry.
g) A kite has ____________ line of symmetry.
h) A parallelogram has ____________ line of symmetry.
i) A circle has ____________ lines of symmetry.
Draw each of the following shapes and show their line(s) of symmetry.
13. Isosceles trapezium 14. Square 15. Rhombus 16. Rectangle
Unit 3 Properties of parallelogram, rhombus, kite and trapezium
A. Properties of parallelogram
Parallelogram is described as a rectangle pushed over
1. A parallelogram has four sides.
2. It is a quadrilateral.
3. Opposite sides are equal.
4. Two opposite sides are parallel.
5. Angles are not right angles.
6. Opposite angles are equal.
7. Diagonals are not equal but bisect each other.
8. No line of symmetry.

B. Properties of a rhombus
A rhombus is described as a square pushed over.
1. A rhombus has four sides.
2. It is a quadrilateral.
3. All four sides are equal.
4. Two opposite sides are parallel.
5. Diagonals not equal but bisect each other.
6. Angles not right angles.
7. Opposite angles are equal.
8. Two lines of symmetry.
. Properties of a kite
1. A kite has four sides.
2. It is a quadrilateral.
3. Two sides next to each other are equal.
4. No sides is parallel.
5. It has one line of symmetry.

Exercise
1. Write down two properties of
a) rhombus b) kite
2. All the properties of the parallelogram and rhombus are the same except in two
properties. Mention the two properties that are different.
3. How would you describe a quadrilateral? Give 2 examples.
1. Draw and name four plane shapes.
2. Using dotted lines show the line or lines of symmetry in each shape.
3. a) When do we say an object is symmetrical?
b) Give two examples of symmetrical objects.
4. Draw four letters of the alphabet with their lines of symmetry.
5. List the ones with no lines of symmetry. Only 5
6. How many lines of symmetry does
a) an equilateral triangle have?
b) an isosceles triangle have?
Week 8

TOPIC: Shapes

SUBTOPIC: 3 dimensional shapes

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Distinguish between open and close shapes

2. State the properties of close shapes

3. Appreciate the presence and use 3 dimensional shapes in Homes.

4. Identify right angle,acute and obtuse andle in a plane shape.

5. Distinguish between horizontal and vertical.

CONTENT

Cube
A cube has 8 vertices
A cube has 12 equal edges
A cube has 6 equal faces

Cuboid
A cuboid has 8 vertices
A cuboid has 12 unequal edges
A cuboid has 6 unequal faces
)
Cylinder
A cylinder has one curved face
It has two flat faces
It has no vertex
Sphere
A sphere has one curved face only.
Curved face
It has no edge and no vertex.

Cone
A cone has 1 vertex
A cone has 1 curved face
A cone has 1 flat face (i.e. a closed cone)
A cone has 1 edge
Exercise
Object Number of vertices Number of edges Number of faces
1. Maggi cube
2. Die
3. Concrete block
4. Tin of milk
5. Football
6. Sugar cube
7. Ice-cream cone
8. Box
9. Class-room

Exercise 1
Study the pictures above and on page 251 along with other solid objects around the class
and classify them into open and closed objects.
Observations
1. Open object do not have a cover at the top. The inside of an open object can be seen,
because it has no cover or top face.
2. The inside of a close object cannot be seen because of the cover or top face.
Study this table carefully
Open object Closed object
Cube No of vertices 8 8
No of edges 12 12
No of faces 5 6
Cuboid No of vertices 8 8
No of edges 12 12
No of faces 5 6

Cylinder No of curved faces 1 1

No of flat faces 1 2
No of vertices 0 0
Note:

1. Tubes, pipes, straws are special cylinders with no flat face. They are known as hollow
cylinders. The two ends are open.
2. A sphere is always a closed objects.

Exercise 2
Copy and complete this table, stating whether the following solids are open or closed objects.
Name of shape Open Closed
Bucket
Cup
Refrigerator
Ice-cream cone
Ludo die
Cube of sugar
Tin of milk
Tin of Milo
Tin of tomato

A. Copy and complete the table drawn below.

Number of faces Number of edges Number of vertices
closed cube
closed cuboid
open cube
open cuboid
closed cylinder
open cylinder
sphere
cone

B. Copy and complete the following.

1. A three-dimensional shape having equal faces _____________.
2. A cuboid has _____________ unequal faces.
3. The face of a cuboid is a _____________.
4. A cylinder has _____________ flat circular faces.
5. A cone has _____________ edge.
6. An open shoe box has _____________ faces

Week 9&10
TOPIC: Pictogram and mode

SUBTOPIC: Bar gragh and mode

BEHAVIOURAL OBJECTIVES: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Represent data on a pictogram.

2. Determine the mode from the pictogram

3. Read and interpret bar graph

4. Determine the mode from bar gragh

5. Appreciate the presence of most common events/data in daily activities.

CONTENT

1. Number of red colored boxes sold by William, a shopkeeper, in six days of a week. See the picture
graph or pictograph to answer the questions.

Examples of Pictographs

Information gathered from the above table:(i) Number of red boxes sold:

Monday – 4, Tuesday – 2, Wednesday – 3, Thursday – 5, Friday – 8, Saturday – 1

Therefore, sale during the week = 23

(ii) Lowest sale – on Saturday, only 1 box was sold.

Maximum sale on Friday is 8 boxes were sold.

We can easily get more information by observing this picture-graph.

2. Number of illiterate children of 5 small towns, Melrose, Marengo, Midway, Parral and Rushville.
See the picture graph or pictograph to answer the questions.
Information gathered from the above table:

(i) Number of illiterate children of different small towns:

Melrose - 5, Marengo - 4, Midway - 7, Parral - 3 and Rushville - 2

(ii) Total number of illiterate = 21

3. Information about 300 children of a school who come to school by different modes of
transportation.

Pictographs Face

→ 1 face represents 10 children

See the picture graph or pictograph to answer the questions.

Picture Graph or Pictograph

36Save Information gathered from the above table:

(i) Number of students going to school by different modes of transportation:

Auto-rickshaw = 6 × 10 = 60, Car = 4 × 10 = 40, Bicycle = 7 × 10 = 70, Bus = 10 × 10 = 100, On foot = 3 ×

10 = 30

(ii) Total number = 60 + 40 + 70 + 100 + 30 = 300

A BAR GRAPH

A bar graph (bar chart) is presented in rectangular form

having horizontal and vertical axes as shown opposite:

Examples
Table: Favorite Type of Movie
Comedy Action Romance Drama SciFi
4 5 6 1 4
We can show that on a bar graph like this:

Favorite Type of Movie

It is a really good way to show relative sizes: we can see which types of
movie are most liked, and which are least liked, at a glance.

We can use bar graphs to show the relative sizes of many things, such as
what type of car people have, how many customers a shop has on
different days and so on.

Example: Nicest Fruit

A survey of 145 people asked them "Which is the nicest fruit?":

Fruit: Apple Orange Banana Kiwifruit Blueberry Grapes

People: 35 30 10 25 40 5
And here is the bar graph:
bar graph for fruit

That group of people think Blueberries are the nicest.

Bar Graphs can also be Horizontal, like this:

bar graph horizontal

Example: Student Grades
In a recent test, this many students got these grades:

Grade: A B C D
Students: 4 12 10 2
And here is the bar graph:

Exercise 1.
2. Umoh and Rashid were recordin g the types of vehicle passing their school gate during
lunch break and produced the table below.
Type of vehicle Bicycle Motorbike Car Lorry
Number 4 10 25 16
Draw a bar chart to show the information.
3. The table below shows the rainfall recorded in one week
Day Sun Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri Sat
Rainfall per week (mm) 40 35 20 30 25 15 15
Draw a bar graph to show the information.
257
4. The number of litres of kerosene consumed by housewives in a group of 55 houses are
shown in the table.
Number of litres 1 2 3 4 5 6
Number of houses 11 16 12 5 8 3
Draw a bar graph to show the information.
5. The table below shows the responses of pupil’s opinions about the quality of school
lunches.
Opinion Very good Good Okay Poor Very poor
Number of Pupils 2 12 20 10 8
Draw a bar graph to show the information\