Promulgation

OTHER PROVISIONS RELATED TO FAO'S MANDATE
Environment, climate, biodiversity

No provisions regarding this matter.
Land and territories
With the exception of agricultural lands, all other natural resources shall not be alienated. The exploration,
development, and utilization of natural resources shall be under the full control and supervision of the State. The
State may directly undertake such activities, or it may enter into co-production, joint venture, or production-sharing
agreements with Filipino citizens, or corporations or associations at least sixty per centum of whose capital is owned
by such citizens. Such agreements may be for a period not exceeding twenty-five years, renewable for not more than
twenty-five years, and under such terms and conditions as may be provided by law. In cases of water rights for
irrigation, water supply, fisheries, or industrial uses other than the development of water power, beneficial use may be
the measure and limit of the grant. The State shall protect the nation's marine wealth in its archipelagic waters,
territorial sea, and exclusive economic zone, and reserve its use and enjoyment exclusively to Filipino citizens (Art.
XII Sec. 2).
Natural resources
All lands of the public domain, waters, minerals, coal, petroleum, and other mineral oils, all forces of potential energy,
fisheries, forests or timber, wildlife, flora and fauna, and other natural resources are owned by the State. With the
exception of agricultural lands, all other natural resources shall not be alienated. In cases of water rights for irrigation,
water supply, fisheries, or industrial uses other than the development of water power, beneficial use may be the
measure and limit of the grant (Sec. 2 of Art. XII). Autonomous regions shall have legislative powers over natural
resources (Sec. 20 of Art. X). The Congress shall provide, for such period as it may determine, measures to prohibit
logging in endangered forests and watershed areas (Sec. 4 of Art. 12). The Constitution also provides for agrarian
and natural resources reform (Sec. 4 of Art. XIII).
Energy
Agricultural and rural development
The State shall promote industrialization and full employment based on sound agricultural development and agrarian
reform, through industries that make full and efficient use of human and natural resources, and which are competitive
in both domestic and foreign markets. However, the State shall protect Filipino enterprises against unfair foreign
competition and trade practices. (Art. XII, Sec 2) The State shall apply the principles of agrarian reform or
stewardship, whenever applicable in accordance with law, in the disposition or utilization of other natural resources,
including lands of the public domain under lease or concession suitable to agriculture, subject to prior rights,
homestead rights of small settlers, and the rights of indigenous communities to their ancestral lands (Art. XIII,Sec 6).
Please also see title 7.2
Livestock
Fisheries
Please see title 7.5
Forestry
The Congress shall, as soon as possible, determine by law the specific limits of forest lands and national parks,
marking clearly their boundaries on the ground. Thereafter, such forest lands and national parks shall be conserved
and may not be increased nor diminished, except by law. The Congress shall provide, for such period as it may
determine, measures to prohibit logging in endangered forests and watershed areas (Art. XII,Sec.4).
Type of text
Constitution
Available web site
www.constituteproject.org
FAOLEX No
LEX-FAOC132834
Language of document
English
Date of text
01 January 1987
Implemented by
 Commission Resolution No.2019-002. Resolution mainstreaming and strengthening gender-responsive approaches
in the formulation and implementation of climate change policies, plans, programs and activities. 2019-01-25
 Commission Resolution No. 2019-001.Resolution adopting a national climate risk management framework to address
the intensifying adverse impacts of climate change. 2019-01-25
Keywords
indigenous peoples; cultural heritage; agricultural development; policy/planning; governance; access-to-justice;
constitutional amendment; traditional rights/customary rights; gender; local government; property rights; public
participation; sustainable development; right to clean/healthy environment; human rights; inland fisheries; food safety
and quality; right to food; food security; land tenure; agricultural land; institution; sustainable use
Domain
Agricultural & rural development; Environment gen.; Food & nutrition; Fisheries; Land & soil; Water

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OTHER PROVISIONS RELATED TO FAO'S MANDATE

Environment, climate, biodiversity

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