Journal of Positive School Psychology http://journalppw.

com
2022, Vol. 6, No. 6, 8634-8646

Poster Comment Strategy In Increasing Students’

Learning Motivation During Covid-19 (Case Study
In Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Medan)

Mardianto1 , Unique Ambar Wati2 , Effy Mulyasari3 , M. Shahran Jailani4

1
FITK North Sumatra State Islamic University, Email: mardianto@uinsu.ac.id
2
National Chiayi University Yogyakarta State University, Email: unik@uny.ac.id
3
Indonesian University of Education, Email: effy@upi.edu
4
Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi State Islamic University, Email: m.syahran@uinjambi.ac.id

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Poster Comment Strategy toward
students’ learning motivation during the pandemic of Covid-19 at the eight grade of MTs
Negeri 2 Medan. Type of this study was a study case that conducted on Aqidah Akhlak
subjects (moral lessons in accordance with Islam). Findings of the research show that the
using of Poster Comment Strategy has increase students' learning motivation at the eight
grade of MTs Negeri 2 Medan during covid-19. It can be seen by the students’ responses
that showed positive attitude, students also became more active in participating during
teaching learning process including in question and answer activities related to the lesson,
students were also enthusiastic to comment the posters even during the covid-19 pandemic.

Research Context formulate the acts of learning process as

follow: Learning is a form of growth or
The development of science and change in a person which is expressed in
technology is very influential toward the the new behaviour resulted of many
education in Indonesia. Education is an experiences and practices. The examples
effort to improve the quality of individual of the new behavior is from do not
to follow science and technology understand to understand, the emergence
development in the adjusting toward of new understandings, and the
constantly changing of education. emergence and development of social,
Islamic education is part of education moral, and emotional traits.1
that has an important role in creating Teaching learning process is an
students’ Akhlakul Karimah (good interaction process between two
morals) in their daily life. However, the individual, they are students as the
fact shows that students’ learning learner and teacher as the teaching
motivation of Islamic subjects is still deliver. Teaching learning process will
very low due to many factors. One of the result an outcome which is generally
factors is the teacher's ability in applying called as learning outcomes. However, in
appropriate teaching methods and order to obtain the optimal results,
strategies. teaching learning process must be carried
The method that usually used by out consciously, deliberately and
the teacher is a traditional method where organized well. In order to motivate
students only listen to the teacher's students to get a good result as well.
lectures without involving to the teaching Learning outcome is one of the
learning process actively. Meanwhile, indicators of teaching learning process.
the experts of modern education When students have been motivated to
8635 Journal of Positive School Psychology

learn, learning process will run well too. are expected to be more motivated to
A good learning process will produce a learn and engage themselves actively
good outcome as well. On the contrary, with concepts, and teachers encourage
if the learning process is conducted students to have experiences and to
incorrectly, then the results also will not conduct experiments that allow them to
good. The achievements that have discover the principles for themselves.
achieved by students is certainly an It will affect learning outcomes and
outcome of learning that is still using transcend the results that determined by
conventional strategy and do not school.
involve student's own dimension, in this
case how is the learning itself. In a more As well in gaining knowledge
substantial sense, until nowadays the and learning experiences, students'
learning process is still teacher centered thoughts, feelings, and motor
and does not provide access for students movements will be integrated and
to develop through their innovation and balanced in responding to something
thought independently.2 obtained from learning efforts through
the process of commenting pictures.
Based on pre-observations, That's different from learning processes
researcher found that students’ that only absorb knowledge from people
achievements were low because they who already know it, or by memorizing
still used conventional strategies, a particular knowledge, which may
teaching learning process tended to interfere the balance of student self-
teacher centered and made students potential.
passive. This was the reason of why the
students were unmotivated to learn and Essentially the learning process
leading to lack of achievement, students is a communication process. The
were bored during teaching learning communication process or message
process and as the result the learning delivery process must be created or
outcome was low. In this case the realized through the delivery and
students were not taught a learning information exchange between teachers
strategy that forces them to understand and students. In this case, the
how to learn, think, and motivate information is in the form of knowledge,
themselves. This is one of the indicators expertise, skills, ideas and learning
why the Commen Poster Learning experiences.
Strategy should be applied.3.
Theoretical Foundations
Poster Comment Strategy is a
strategy that demands the ability and 1. Definition of Learning Strategy
understanding of teachers related to the Learning is all of activities and efforts
implementation of affective learning carried out by humans to improve
and has special skills in managing themselves or in other words positive
classes. Meanwhile, students' activities of human are called learning.
understanding of the comment poster Learning is a routine activity carried out
strategy depends on the explanation by humans to life. According to
given by the teacher to give learning Hamalik, learning is a process of
motivation to students. When the two of defication or strengthening behavior
them are combined, learning process through experiences.4
will be implemented well and the According to Slameto, learning
outcomes will be good also. Through is a process of effort made by
this poster comment strategy, students individuals to obtain changes in overall
Mardianto 8636

behavior as a result of the individual's that someone wants to do something

experience in interacting with the willingly. Learning motivation also
environment. Some people assume that causes changes in human energy related
learning is merely collecting or to psychology, feelings and emotions in
memorizing the facts presented in the doing something to achieve goals. In
form of information or subject matter. learning activities, learning motivation
People who think like that will usually can be said as the driving force
immediately feel proud when their possessed by students that make
children have been able to verbally students passionate, enthusiastic and
recall the information from the happy to learn in order to achieve
textbooks or taught by the teacher. 5 optimal learning outcomes.
According to Ernest R. Hilgard,
learning is a process of deliberate action 2. Definition of Poster Comment
which then causes changes that are Strategy
different from the changes caused by Learning strategies are learning
others.6 activities that must be applied by
Meanwhile, Ahmadi defines teachers and students so that learning
learning as a form of growth or change objectives can be achieved effectively
in a person which is expressed in new and efficiently. In line with the experts'
ways of behaving caused by experience opinition mentioned before, Dick and
and practice. According to Mustafa Carey also mention that a learning
Fahmi, learning is actually an strategy is a set of learning materials and
expression that refers to activities that procedures that are used together to
result in changes in behavior or produce learning outcomes for
experience. Gulfortd said "Learning is a students.9
change in behavior that occurs from Poster Comment is one of the
stimulation".78 learning strategies that can be applied in
Based on the opinions above, it teaching and learning process in
can be concluded that experts define classroom with various subjects. Before
learning as "change" which means that a explaining the meaning of poster
person after learning will be changed. comment, the meaning of poster will be
The changes mentioned are changes in explained first. Poster in terms of
behavior, including in terms of language is a picture or something that
knowledge, skills and attitudes. In can be painted and drawn in a certain
addition, learning is a manifestation of place. Poster is something that can be
being obedient to religion. And learning seen based on the human work art drawn
can also change someone who is unable in somewhere.10
to be able, does not understand to Based on the explanation
understand, doubt to belief, before, it can be concluded that a poster
disrespectful to be polite and so on. In is picture, painting or work art that can
conclusion, learning is a conscious be depicted into paper and also other
activity carried out by a person to objects so that humans can give
change behavior in a constructive assessments toward the poster.
direction. Meanwhile the definition of poster
Based on the theories above, it comment strategy is a learning strategy
can be concluded that learning that invites students to comment on the
motivation can be said as a series of pictures that are used as learning
efforts to create certain conditions so media.11 Poster comment strategy is a
8637 Journal of Positive School Psychology

strategy that invites students to state the c) Asking students to comment freely
ideas contained in a picture, the picture in turns, the comments are about
is of course related to the achievement their ideas after see the picture
of a certain competence in teaching d) Students may express different
learning process.12 It is also mentioned opinions, because human thinking
that poster comment strategy is a is different also
learning medium that uses pictures and e) The teacher prepares the answer
provides both assessments and about the picture, so students will
comments on the pictures. get an explanation and see the
Based on the explanation picture at the same time.
before, it can be concluded that poster
comment is a method or learning media Based on those steps, it can be
that is used and applied by teachers in understood that in implementing Poster
teaching learning process. Through Comment Strategy, teacher must
these media students are invited to learn prepare pictures that will be displayed
more, because by displaying poster and shown to the students during
students are directed to give comment teaching learning process in the
and meaning undertstanding about the classroom. The pictures displayed must
picture. be in accordance with the lesson
Poster comment is a tool that is material. The pictures used in this
made as a learning medium to make it strategy may use purchased posters or
easier for students to understand the made by the teacher.
lesson being taught, as well as to After teacher shows the picture
increase students' thinking creativity to students, the teacher asks students to
and students' imagination to provide observe, comment and interpret the
assessments. The more students give picture. After that, the teacher gives
assessment of something abstract such direct explaination about the picture so
as a poster, the sharper their imagination the students will get meaning and
will be, so that they will be able to conclusion of the picture. Through the
develop their analysis and memory using of Poster Comments Strategy will
related to the lesson being taught. Poster increase the imagination and sharpen
comment as a learning method is an students' creativity.
effort to anticipate or provide learning
strategies for students in order students b. Strengths and Weaknesses of
able to respond and understand Poster Comment Strategy
something that is displayed in pictures As we know that there is no the
related to the lesson being taught. best learning strategy compared to other
strategies because all strategies have
a. Steps of Poster Comment own strengths and weaknessess
Strategy themselves. Likewise, the Poster
Comment Strategy which is part of the
The steps of Poster Comment Strategy Cooperative Learning Method has its
can be seen as follow:13 own strengths and weaknesses.
a) Teacher prepares pieces of pictures The strengths and weaknesses of the
related to the lesson material that Poster Comment Strategy can be seen as
will be discussed below: 14
b) The picture should be clean without
1) Strengths
any writing
Mardianto 8638

a) Makes students more a) Increasing and maintaining

focused on the material students' attention to the
being taught relevance of the teaching and
b) Sharpen students' learning process
imagination in b) Providing students’ learning
understanding something motivation
c) Increases students' c) Forming positive perceptions of
creativity teachers and students
d) Familiarize students to d) Providing possible individual
comment or speak whether learning options and facilities
a lesson material has been e) Encouraging students to learn
understood or not
e) Familiarize students to The description above shows
express their opinions in that the function of learning strategy is
the classroom to direct students toward the successful
learning and provide convenience for
f) Forces students to be more
students during the learning process.
curious so will increase
While the main task of learning strategy
their curiosity about the
is to apply psychological and
lesson material
pedagogical principles so the students
g) Increases students’
can experience, know and understand
seriousness in
the material being taught.
participating teaching
learning process
d. The Rationale for the Use of
h) Provide opportunities for Strategy
students to think more The achievement of learning objectives
can be influenced by students' learning
2) Weaknesses motivation, for example in the Islamic
a) Makes slow students feel Education subject, especially Aqidah
inferior Akhlak material part of Disgraceful
b) Takes a lot of time Morals. Students' learning motivation is
c) Not all students are able to strongly influenced by the teachers'
provide explanation about ability and skills in applying learning
the displayed pictures strategies they use.
Based on the strengths and Therefore, the accuracy of the
weaknesses above, in applying Poster learning strategies used will determine
Comment Strategy the teacher is students’ learning motivation. With
expected to be more creative in inviting learning motivation students obviously
students to involve actively during will get satisfactory learning outcomes.
teaching and learning process. As Allah says in Surah An-Nahl, verse
Especially in asking students to 125 as below:
comment and interpret the pictures
displayed in front of the class. Which means: ”Call (humans) to the
way of your Lord with
c. Main Principles of Poster wisdom and good
Comment Strategy lessons and refute them
There are basic principles for teachers to with a good way.
apply various learning strategies when Verily, your Lord
teaching to improve the quality of knows the best who has
students and to achieve learning strayed from His path
objectives. The objectives are: 15 and it is He who knows
8639 Journal of Positive School Psychology

the best those who are "Whoever fights

guided”. because he wants to
(Surah An-Nahal 16: 125) establish the sentence
of the messenger, then
e. Aqidah Akhlak Subjects he is fi sabilillah."
(Moral lesson in accordance
with Islam) (HR. Bukhari)

1) Definition of Riya 2) Negative Impacts of

Riya is a trait of showing off in Riya
charity, in order to be seen by The negative impacts
other people and get sympathy of riya are as follows:
or praises because of their • Removes the reward of
charity. Riya is a disgrace moral kindness
toward Allah swt. Thus, it is • Getting a big sin
forbidden for a Moslem to have because of riya
this trait because the riya people • Will not survive from
are hypocrites. As Allah SWT the dangers of disbelief
says: because riya is very
close to disbelief 16
Which means: “Indeed, the hypocrites
want to deceive God, 3) Definition of Nifaq
but It is God who Nifaq is doing good deeds in
deceives them. When front of others to be considered
they stand up for as a sincere person in charity,
prayer, they do it while in fact he is not sincere at
lazily. They mean all. Nifaq is also known as
riya (want to be hypocrite, there are 3 signs of a
praised) before men. hypocrite, they are: (1) If he
And they don't says something, he lies; (2) If he
remember God makes a promise, he breaks it;
except very little”. (3) If he is trusted, he betrays.
(QS. An- Nisa:142) As the Prophet Muhammad
SAW Hadith:
As the hadith of the Prophet
Muhammad saw, as follows: Which means: "You will find the most
wicked man, that is,
Which means: "From Abu Musa al- the one who has two
Assyari ra, says that a faces; he comes to
Bedouin asked the one people with one
Messenger of Allah face, and comes to
SAW, "O Messenger of another with another
Allah SAW, one fought face"
out of annoyance, one
fought for his position (Hadith of Bukhari
to be seen by one, and history).
one fought because one
wanted to get praise? The disadvantages caused by nifaq are:
The Messenger of
Allah SAW replied The first, disadvantage
for oneself which is always
Mardianto 8640

filled with doubt feelings, there are also people who are exposed but do
is no peace of mind which not show any symptoms.21
causing physical pain. The Then the Indonesian government
second, disadvantage to other issued many new policies due to this
people because they always trap pandemic. Almost all sectors used to
other people to fall into support human have new policies. These
forbidden acts.17 policies are made by the government,
especially by the relevant ministers in
3. Definition of Covid-19 their fields, including in the education
Year of 2020 is a very challenging year. sector. One of the policies made was the
Many obstacles must be passed by emergence of the Secretary General
Indonesian people and also by all of the Circular Number
people around the world. The heavy 36962/MPK.A/HK/2020 containing of
obstacle in a long period of time that must the policies related to online learning and
be passed by the world is Covid-19 working from home in order to prevent
pandemic. The first information about the spreading of Coronavirus Disease
the emergence of this pandemic was from (COVID-19). 22 The circular of
China. According to the Chinese Directorate General of Higher Education
government, the origin of this virus that No. 302/E.E2/KR/2020, which contains
causes Covid-19 came from a wet market of the policies related to the teaching
that sells various kinds of animals which learning period for the implementation of
commonly consumed by Chinese people educational programs. This circular letter
such as rats, bats, etc.18 Further is a continuation of the Secretary-
information is the occured of big amount General's Circular Letter Number
transmission cases, either through 36962/MPK. A/HK/2020.23 This circular
physical contact between people or with letter is a continuation of the Secretary
inanimate objects. The transmission is General's Circular Number
more evenly distributed between 36962/MPK.A/HK/2020. The Circular
countries due to several people who Letter Number 2 of 2020 is a circular
return after traveling from China and containing about the prevention and
return to their country then transmit the handling of Covid-19 at the Ministry of
virus to people in their country.19 Education and Culture. 24 Circular Letter
Covid-19 or Coronavirus Number 3 of 2020, is a circular
Disease-19 is a new type of disease that containing the prevention of Coronavirus
appeared in China at the beginning. Disease (Covid-19) in education units.25
Covid-19 is the name of the disease Circular Letter Number 4 of 2020, is a
which caused by a virus called circular containing the implementation of
Coronavirus. 20 Coronavirus is a new education policies during emergency
type of virus. Coronavirus attacks people period of the pandemic Covid-19. 26 And
of all age range. It infected babies, Circular Letter Number 15 of 2020, is a
toddlers, children, teenagers, and adults, circular containing guidelines for
even the elderly can be attacked by this organizing activities from home during
virus. There are various symptoms emergency period of Coronavirus
caused after being infected by this virus, (Covid-19).27
including cough, runny nose, flu, fever, Educational sector is affected by
shortness of breath, even death, but there the policies made by the government
8641 Journal of Positive School Psychology

regarding the prevention toward

Coronavirus. Therefore, all of 5. Students’ Learning Motivation
educational institutions in Indonesia start Learning motivation is one of the factors
from Pre-School, Kindergarden, that determine effectiveness in learning.
Elementary School, Junior High School, Learning motivation is an internal and
Senior High School and University level external encouragement for students who
carry out their activities from home. are learning to change behavior,
Learning activities carried out from home generally with several indicators or
are known as online learning. According supporting elements. These indicators
to Rigianti28, online learning is a new include: the desire to succeed, the urge
way to conduct teaching learning and need of learning, future hopes and
activities using electronic devices, aspirations, appreciation of learning, and
especially internet connection. a conducive learning environment,30 the
Meanwhile, according to Putria, et al29 overall of driving force that exists within
online learning is a teaching learning the students that gives rise to learning
process which utilizes internet activities in order to achieve a goal, 31 and
connection, cellular phones, and ensure the continuity of the learning
computers carried out in distance. process.32
Someone will be successful in
4. The Implementation of Poster learning if he has desire to learn. This is
Comment Strategy in Aqidah the basic law and principle in educational
Akhlak Learning during Covid- and teaching learning activities. The
19 desire or urge to learn is called learning
During Aqidah Akhlak subject learning, motivation.33 Learning motivation is an
many students feel bored because the effort to enlarge or create a movement to
teacher uses the lecture and note-taking achieve certain goals.34 The greater of
method oftenly. It makes students do not someone’s learning motivation to
concentrate in receiving the material achieve a goal, the greater his chance to
presented by the teacher. Therefore, the achieve that goal. In learning activities,
researcher wants to apply the Poster learning motivation can be said as the
Comment Strategy for part of overall driving force in students that
disgraceful morals by using posters that result learning activities, which ensures
describe the meaning of disgraceful the continuity of learning activities and
morals, then students will be asked to directing to learning activities, thus the
comment on the picture or poster. objectives of the learning process can be
Through the application of this strategy, achieved. 35 The characteristics of
it is expected that students will be more motivated students are as follows: (a)
active and more motivated to There is a desire to succeed, (b) There is
understand and master the material an urge and need for learning, (c) There
taught by the teacher. By this strategy are hopes and aspirations for the future,
students also are expected to be more (d) There is appreciation in learning, ( e)
active in the ongoing learning and The existence of interesting activities in
teaching learning will be more fun. learning, and (f) The existence of a
Thus, student learning outcomes in conducive learning environment. The
learning Aqidah Akhlak subject in the first three indicators are included in
part of disgraceful morals can be better intrinsic learning motivation, while the
and students will memorize the lesson
better.
Mardianto 8642

last three indicators are included in what are the obstacles or shortcomings
extrinsic learning motivation.36 in conducting the online learning
process in the eigth grade of MTs
RESEARCH METHOD Negeri 2 Medan.
This study aimed to increase students'
learning motivation in Aqidah Akhlak
subject in the part of disgraceful morals RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
through the Poster Comment Strategy at Poster is a picture that combines visual
the eight grades MTs Negeri 2 Medan. elements. Such as lines, drawing, and
Therefore, in this study the researcher words that intend to attract people’s
used a case study approach to conduct attention and to communicate the
this research. This research was information briefly. In general, posters
conducted by online learning proce attract or distract many people so that
using Zoom aplication as the media. In the information to be conveyed can be
collected the data, researcher conducted accepted by people easily. Poster
observation and analyzes and also made Comment Strategy is a strategy used by
systematic notes of student behavior. teachers which aimed to invite students
Observation was done by observing to emerge ideas related to the picture on
individuals or groups directly through the poster, ideas and problems
zoom where each student has to turn on contained in a picture is related to the
the camera and the abdomen, chest, achievement of a competency taught.
shoulders, and head area must be seen. This research was conducted
37
The observations were conducted to with optimal efforts to increase students'
the entire process of teaching learning learning motivation by using Poster
activities and carried out from the Comment Strategy during the covid-19
beginning to the end of the learning pandemic in Aqidah Akhlak subject.
process. Interviews are questions given Students were asked to comment the
to the students in order to find out the poster shared by teacher on the zoom
obstacles faced by students in providing media during teaching learning process.
comments or as the input to improve The following is the illustration of
student's learning outcomes, and to Poster Comment picture:
explore information from students about

(The picture of Riya trait )38

8643 Journal of Positive School Psychology

(The picture of Nifaq trait)39

As the indicator of learning outcomes, the Minimum Criteria Completeness

(Ketutasan Kriteria Minimum / KKM) of the eight grades of MTs Negeri 2 Medan for
Aqidah Akhlak subject is 75. The activities carried out at this stage were carrying out
online learning using Zoom aplication as learning media in accordance with the plans that
have been prepared, started from materials preparation, poster comment media, the used
of appropriate and correct written language and also involved the students in summarizing
learning outcomes.

Table 1. The Proces of Learning Activities at eight grade of MTs Negeri 2 Medan
No. Indicators Information
1 Conducting apperception activities √
2 Formulating indicators correctly √
3 Deciphering the material precisely and correctly √
4 Defining learning objectives √
5 Determining the right learning strategy/method √
6 Systematically drawing up teaching steps √
7 Mastering the class and motivating students √
8 Setting the right time allocation √
9 Determining media and learning resources as needed √
10 Determining the final assessment according to the indicators √
11 Using written language properly and correctly √
12 Making a summary by involving students √

Based on research that has been learning methods such as Poster

conducted at the eight grade of MTs Comment Strategy because by this
Negeri 2 Medan in Aqidah Akhlak strategy students did not feel bored,
subjects, it was found that there was an students could interact with their
increasing of students' learning classmates and possible to exchange
motivation through Poster Comment their ideas with other students and also
Strategy in the part of digraceful morals involve actively during teaching
and teaching and learning process have learning activities.
carried out optimally. In the researcher's In addition, researchers
opionion, students of the eight grade of analyzed the learning effectiveness
MTs Negeri 2 Medan prefered creative through the level of success or
Mardianto 8644

achievement which measured by the been made by researchers, there are

appropriate quality, quantity, and time, some students who have reached the
as previously determined. By analyzing predetermined indicators.
the results of observations that have

Table2. The Process of Learning Activities in Class VIII MTs Negeri 2 Medan
No. Observed Aspects by the Researchers
1 Listening and paying attention to the explanations of researcher
2 Being active in discussion activities with friends
3 Students’ ability to express their ideas when asked to comment the poster
4 Students' ability to learn by using Poster Comment Strategy
5 The increasing of students’ learning motivation in Riya and Nifaq materials.
6 The students’ readiness in receiving material
7 Completing tasks on time

Researcher assessed the disgraceful morals; riya and nifaq, is

students' activeness, students' still very low, as seen from the three
enthusiasm in asking and answering, as previous meetings where the learning
well as students' cohesiveness that was process was very monotonous using
shown during the teaching learning lecture strategy. Students' responses
process. From 30 students of the eight toward the use of the Poster Comment
grades, it was found that the average Strategy were very positive, it was seen
student learning motivation increased in from the activeness of students in
accocdance with the number of people following the learning process both in
who wanted to express their thoughts. answering questions from the teacher
From the two implementations of and asking questions about material that
Aqidah Akhlak learning with Riya and had not been understood, students were
Nifaq as the lesson material, students' also enthusiastic in commenting posters.
enthusiasm increased. The students
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