Pure Maths With Mechanics

REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON REPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN
Peace – Work - Fatherland Paix – Travail – Patrie
MINISTRY OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

MINISTERE DES ENSEIGNEMENTS SECONDAIRES
INSPECTORATE GENERAL OF EDUCATION
INSPECTION GENERALE DES ENSEIGNEMENTS
PURE MATHEMATICS WITH MECHANICS

SECOND CYCLE SECONDARY GENERAL EDUCATION
(Lower Sixth and Upper Sixth Forms)
Observing the environment in order to make informed choices on training options for a successful future
INSPECTORATE OF PEDAGOGY IN CHARGE OF SCIENCES

INSPECTION DE PEDAGOGIE CHARGEE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT DES SCIENCES 2019
PURE MATHEMATICS WITH MECHANICS TEACHING SYLLABUS: SECOND CYCLE GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION (LOWER SIXTH AND UPPER SIXTH FORMS)
PURE MATHEMATICS WITH MECHANICS TEACHING SYLLABUS
SECOND CYCLE SECONDARY GENERAL EDUCATION
(LOWER SIXTH AND UPPER SIXTH FORMS)
PURE MATHEMATICS WITH MECHANICS TEACHING SYLLABUS: SECOND CYCLE GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION (LOWER SIXTH AND UPPER SIXTH FORMS) Page 1/70
LEARNING AREA:
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
SUBJECT: PURE MATHEMATICS WITH MECHANICS
Classes: Lower Sixth and Upper Sixth
TOTAL NUMBER OF TEACHING HOURS FOR EACH LEVEL A YEAR: 248hrs
NUMBER OF PERIODS A WEEK: 9 periods of 50mins each (450 minutes)
COEFFICIENT: 5
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
OUTCOMES OR PROFILES OF THE LEARNER .................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
SERIES COMBINATIONS FOR THE SECOND CYCLE SCIENCES (Lower Sixth and Upper Sixth) ........................................................................................................ 6
Weekly allocation of teaching/learning hours per subject ........................................................................................................................................................... 7
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
THE PLACE OF MATHEMATICS IN THE CURRICULUM AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE LEARNING AREAS. ................................................................................. 9
DOMAINS OF LIFE AND CONTRIBUTION OF SYLLABUS TO DOMAINS OF LIFE: ............................................................................................................................. 9
FAMILIES OF SITUATIONS COVERED IN THIS PROGRAM OF STUDY .............................................................................................................................................. 9
COMPREHENSIVE TABLE SHOWING THE DIFFERENT MODULES FOR EACH CLASS ..................................................................................................................... 10
PRESENTATION OF MODULES. .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Planning of Teaching/Learning and Evaluation ................................................................................................................................................................... 11
PEDAGOGIC ORIENTATIONS. ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12
Some symbols and notations. ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 13
PURE MATHEMATICS WITH MECHANICS TEACHING SYLLABUS FOR LOWER SIXTH ................................................................................................................... 14
MODULE 1: ALGEBRA AND LOGIC........................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
MODULE 2: NUMBERS, FUNDAMENTAL OPERATIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS IN THE SETS OF NUMBERS AND BETWEEN ELEMENTS OF A SET. ... 25
MODULE 3: PLANE GEOMETRY. ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 34
PURE MATHEMATICS WITH MECHANICS TEACHING SYLLABUS FOR UPPER SIXTH FORM ......................................................................................................... 50
MODULE 4: PLANE GEOMETRY AND SOLID FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................................ 50
MODULE 5: KINEMATICS....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 58
MODULE 6: STATICS................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 61
MODULE 7: DYNAMICS ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 66
MODULE 8: PROBABILITY ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 68
INTRODUCTION
This syllabus for Further Mathematics is a statement of a defined coursework to educate young Cameroonians in the Second Cycle (sixth and
seventh year) of Secondary General Education. At the end of upper sixth, students are well equipped to sit in for the General Certificate of
Education (GCE) Advanced level and any other examination requiring knowledge and skills at this level. The topics are grouped into modules.
While it is convenient to break them down into these smaller manageable units, it is important to remember that they do not stand in isolation
from one another.
This syllabus is elaborated using the Competency – Based – Approach from a situated perspective (through real life situations and the
promotion of mathematical thinking and problem solving skills). It is only in a situation that a person develops his/her competence. It is only by
dealing effectively with this situation that a person can be declared competent. With this approach, Mathematical knowledge and skills learned
in the classroom are made functional (act as tools (resources)), to solve problems in other related subjects and in real life situations. This
syllabus therefore emphasizes application of Mathematics to real life situations, a practical approach to teaching and learning, a broad based
critical mathematical thinking and problem solving skills. The course has been designed to enable the learner to acquire attitudes, knowledge
and skills which will be relevant to his/her life after school as well as further studies in other related fields that require mathematics at the
tertiary level.
This syllabus for the second cycle, also has a double goal which is:
 The intellectual training of the learner to progressively develop abilities for experimentation, creativity and critical analysis so as to
be able to take up fully, his role as a citizen.
 The second goal is utilitarian; here it envisages the adaptation of scientific knowledge to international, economic and
environmental context.
OUTCOMES OR PROFILES OF THE LEARNER

At the end of the second cycle, the learner who has successfully gone through this content should among others be able to use Mathematics
with confidence to solve real life problems within the different domains of life, communicate concisely and unambiguously and develop power
of mathematical reasoning (logical thinking, accuracy and spatial awareness). To be more specific they have to:
 Recognise, identify, write, communicate and use numbers in various ways;
 Use different operations to calculate values within different life situations;
 Extract, translate and use Mathematical information from tables, charts, graphs, diagrams, coded figures, or from any document and
from the environment;
 Recognize, identify, describe and make geometrical shapes /forms, develop skills and accuracy as well as have confidence in the use
of instruments for measuring and drawing and ability to visualize 3-dimensional figures;
 Acquire the methods and knowledge to understand and master the functioning of technical objects made by man to satisfy his needs;
 Meet up with the challenges of life through the use of scientific methods in solving real life problems;
 Appreciate the beauty of nature.
The Further Mathematics teaching syllabus for the second cycle is designed so that teaching/learning at this level will continue to develop in
learners the three fundamental competencies which are:
 Solve a problem within a situation (solve problems encountered within real life situations, promote mathematical thinking and problem
solving skills) so as to fully and autonomously assume one’s role as a citizen as well as confidently engage in further studies in other
related fields at the tertiary level that require mathematics;
 Display a logical reasoning (show a coherent logical reasoning, spirit of curiosity, spirit of critical thinking and initiative);
 Communicate using Mathematical language (communicate in an intelligent, clear and concise language orally or written).
These three competencies are developed progressively at all stages of Secondary Education through some real life activities.
The cognitive levels for second cycle are knowledge, comprehension, application and analysis/evaluation.
SERIES COMBINATIONS FOR THE SECOND CYCLE SCIENCES (Lower Sixth and Upper Sixth)
There are four different subjects’ combinations for students wishing to study sciences in the second cycle of Secondary
General Education. The first three subjects (in bold) make up one of the compulsory entry requirements for the various series.
Students can take up one or two other subject(s) (*) within the series combination to make a maximum of 5 subjects.
In addition to the main subjects, students would have to do the enabling subjects, at least one period a week each, depending
on their main subject total load.
No/ S1 S2 S3 S4
SERIES
MATHS WITH MECHANICS PHYSICS MATHS WITH STATISTICS CHEMISTRY
1
2 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY BIOLOGY BIOLOGY
3 PHYSICS BIOLOGY CHEMISTRY GEOLOGY/GEOGRAPHY
FURTHER MATHEMATICS.* MATHS WITH MECHANICS* FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SCIENCE AND
4
NUTRITION* NUTRITION *
5 ICT/COMPUTER SCIENCES* FURTHER MATHEMATICS.* ICT/COMPUTER SCIENCES* MATHS WITH STATISTICS *
Enabling subjects
1 Sports and physical Sports and physical Sports and physical Education Sports and physical
Education Education Education
2 Manual labour Manual labour Manual labour Manual labour
3 Philosophy Philosophy Philosophy Philosophy
4 General English General English General English General English
5 General French General French General French General French
Weekly allocation of teaching/learning hours per subject
The number of hours per week for the teaching/learning of Mathematics is outlined in the following
table among other science subjects. The number of teaching/learning periods per week will depend on the duration of each period
(number of minutes) for the institution concerned. Pure Mathematics with Mechanics shall have 8 or 9 periods per week in Lower
Sixth and 8 or 9 periods in Upper Sixth
No Subject/ Class LSS1 LSS2 LSS3 LSS4 LSA4 USS1 USS2 USS3 USS4 USA4
Mathematics with
1 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Mechanics /Statistics
2 Further Mathematics. 4 4 8 8
Theory 6 6 6 6 6
3 Physics
Practical 2 2 2 2 2
Theory 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
4 Chemistry
Practical 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Theory 6 6 6 6 6 6
5 Biology
Practical 2 2 2 2 2 2
Theory 6 6
6 Geology
Practical 2 2
Food Science and Theory 6 6 6 6
7
Nutrition Practical 2 2 2 2
Theory 4 4 6 6
8 Computer Science/ICT
Practical 2 2 2 2
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES
The Table below shows some plausible career opportunities for each of the series or subject combinations .
In choosing the series, the students should be orientated with these career opportunities.
SERIES S1 S2 S3 S4
 Aeronautics  Agricultural engineering  Agricultural engineering  Agricultural engineering
 Aerospace engineering  Anesthetist  Anesthetist  Biotechnology
 Agricultural engineering  Biomedical engineering  Biotechnology  Chemical engineering
 Biomedical engineering  Biotechnology  Chemical engineering  Food processing
 Chemical engineering  Chemical engineering  Food processing  Forestry
 Civil engineering  Epidemiologist  Forestry  Geotechnical engineering
 Electrical engineering  Forestry  Laboratory technicians  Laboratory technicians
 Electrical engineering  Geotechnical engineering  Medicine  Midwifery
 Geotechnical engineering  Laboratory technicians  Midwifery  Mining
 Industrial engineering  Medicine  Nursing  Nursing
 Mechanical engineering  Midwifery  Pharmacist  Teaching career
 Military  Nursing  Radiologist
 Nuclear engineering  Pharmacist  Statisticians
 Renewable energy  Radiologist  Teaching career
technologies  Statisticians  Veterinary medicine
 Software engineering  Teaching career
 Statisticians  Telecommunications
 Teaching career  Veterinary medicine
 Telecommunications
THE PLACE OF MATHEMATICS IN THE CURRICULUM AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE LEARNING AREAS.
Mathematics, offers different models and structures that constitute the framework of service tools in the Sciences and Technology learning
area as well as in other learning areas through its own language. Mathematics in itself, contributes to the development of rigorous and logical
reasoning, spirit of creativity and critical thinking. All these contribute to create, manage and exploit learning situations which help us to
understand and master nature and laws of nature. Mathematics is at the root of all technological evolution of today’s world and as such, it
contributes significantly towards the modification of our environment, our life style and our thinking process. Mathematical concepts form the
bases of the evolution of the computer that has considerably improved our work habits and communication.
DOMAINS OF LIFE AND CONTRIBUTION OF SYLLABUS TO DOMAINS OF LIFE:
The teaching/learning are constructed within five domains of life which are: Family and social life, Economic life; the environment, well- being
and health; Media and communication and Citizenship. Mathematical skills help in developing competencies in commercial transactions,
games, planning expenditure, energy consumption, decision making, environmental protection, health, politics etc. As earlier mentioned,
Mathematics is at the root of all technological evolution of today’s world as it contributes significantly towards the modification of our
environment, our life style and our thinking process. Some application of Mathematics can be seen in business, trades, politics, census,
family planning, arts and music etc. Thus, be it in the domain of family and social life, economic life, the environment, well-being and health,
media and communication and even citizenship, Mathematics plays a significant role.
FAMILIES OF SITUATIONS COVERED IN THIS PROGRAM OF STUDY
A family of situations refers to a group of life situations that share at least a common property.
For these years of secondary education, five families of situations have been identified which are:
 Representation, determination of quantities and identification of objects by numbers;
 Organization of information, estimation of quantities and making choices in the consumption of goods and services;
 Representations and transformations of points and plane shapes within the environment;
 Usage of technical objects in everyday life;
 Description of patterns and relationships between quantities and ideas using symbols.
These five families of situations expose the learners to experience all possible daily life activities at this level such as Commercial
transactions, games, planning expenditure, energy consumption, just to name a few. These are the areas to develop the envisaged
competencies. The different modules for this level are:
COMPREHENSIVE TABLE SHOWING THE DIFFERENT MODULES FOR EACH CLASS
Module
Level Title of module Family of situations Duration
No
Description of patterns and relationships between quantities and
1 Algebra and Logic 105 hrs
ideas using symbols
Representation, determination of quantities and identification of
Numbers, Fundamental Operations and
Lower objects by numbers
2 Relationships in the sets of numbers 65 hrs
Sixth Organization of information, estimation of quantities and making
and between elements in a set
choices in the consumption of goods and services
Representations and transformations of points and plane shapes
3 78 hrs
Plane Geometry within the environment
Representations and transformations of points and plane shapes
4 Plane Geometry and Solid figures within the environment 83 hrs
Usage of technical objects in everyday life
Description of patterns and relationships between quantities and
5 Statics 43 hrs
ideas using symbols
Description of patterns and relationships between quantities and 60 hrs
6 Kinematics
Upper ideas using symbols
Sixth Description of patterns and relationships between quantities and
7 Dynamics 43 hrs
ideas using symbols
Organization of information, estimation of quantities and making
8 Probability 19 hrs
choices in the consumption of goods and services
PRESENTATION OF MODULES.
Each module has two main parts: the introduction of the module and the table.
The introduction has the presentation of the module; the contribution of the module to outcome and curriculum goals, contribution of module
to learning area and contribution of module to areas of living.
The table on the other hand, is made up of three main columns which are subdivided into eight columns:
o The contextual framework embodies the families of situations and some examples of real life situations where the knowledge and skills
(competencies) can be applied. Teachers are expected to come out with more real life situations within their environment.
o The Competencies (competent actions) is divided into categories of actions and examples of actions: These are groups of some actions
which are related to the mastery of the competencies expected for the module.
o The Resources have the essential or core knowledge which give all the set of cognitive and affective resources which the learner needs to
mobilise to successfully treat a family of situations. It is divided into four components: the mathematical notions, the skills or know-how,
attitudes to be disposed or to be acquired as well as other resources (material) necessary for the acquisition of these competencies.
Planning of Teaching/Learning and Evaluation
In Cameroon, the academic (school) year is subdivided into three terms of twelve (12) weeks each. Teaching/Learning and Evaluation take
place after every six weeks and comprises Learning of Resources, Integration Learning and Remediation, followed by summative Evaluation.
In each of the three stages of the Teaching/Learning process, formative evaluation is involved.
The diagram below is an example of how Teaching/Learning and evaluation can be planned over a period of one school year.
The first four weeks could be consecrated to the teaching/learning of resources (knowledge and know-how), interspersed by formative
evaluation. That is, during this period of teaching/learning, we ought to develop oral questions, written application exercises for practice,
homework, which may or may are not be scored.
The fifth week could be consecrated to the integration of learning activities, which can take the form of tutorials accompanied by appropriate
remedial actions. This should be after a set of lessons that constitutes one or more topics or a significant part of a topic.
The sixth week could be consecrated to remediation or revision to surmount possible difficulties or misunderstanding of learners, followed by
graded evaluation of resources and competencies and then retake the procedure for the next six weeks of the term. It should be noted that
this evaluation at the end of the sixth week should be essentially formative in nature, which implies that it should also be used to diagnose the
lapses in learning with the view of providing appropriate remediation.
PEDAGOGIC ORIENTATIONS.
a. Recommended Methodology:
The Competency–Based–Approach is based on the Socio-Constructivist view of learning which postulates that learners actively
construct new learning onto old learning through an action in a given situation. In this light, the Mathematics lesson should have
teaching/ learning activities and the teaching method being centered on the learner. Each teaching/learning sequence or lesson should
include:
o An introduction with motivation that will captivate and sustain the interest of the learners ;
o A problem situation that provokes critical thinking in the quest of a solution to the problem.
o Learning activity(ies) that will facilitate the acquisition of new knowledge and new skills. An activity that will consolidate old
knowledge with new knowledge;
o The essential knowledge is given as notion or methods;
o Application exercises;
b. Integration activities whenever it is possible should be well planned so that it allows students to mobilise many skills learned to
competently solve a real life problem. These integration activities are aimed at making the students to employ and use the learned
mathematical skills necessary to competently handle life situations related to the family of situations for the module.
c. Evaluation.
In order to determine the learner’s progress in the learning process, the teacher must regularly carry out assessment of learning.
Knowledge and skills are evaluated as with objective based while the criterion referenced assessment is used to evaluate
development of competencies. At the end of Upper Sixth, students will sit in and write the General Certificate of Education examination,
Advanced level, in Further Mathematics and any other examinations at this level. The nature and structure of the examination will be defined
by the Cameroon General Certificate of Education (CGCE) Board.
d. Notations and symbols
Teachers should teach for accuracy and should at each time ensure that students use notations and symbols encountered at this
level, accurately. No misuse of words, notations and symbols by learners should be tolerated.
The teacher uses and introduces whenever necessary, the corresponding symbol for each set of numbers such as ℕ, ℝ, ℤ, ℚ
and ℂ.
e. Calculators
A calculator is a tool that is now very common among students. It fascinates and exercises an attraction that no other instrument
seems to have had. Students use it even for the simplest operations. It is only a tool, and, is no substitute for the knowledge of its
user. It is for the teacher to take note of this and encourage or discourage its use, as the case may be. The learners are expected to
1
master the following keys (functions) of the calculator: +, –, , , , x2, √𝑥
𝑛
x, , x y, 𝑒 𝑥 ,𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥, 𝑙𝑛𝑥, 𝑛𝑃𝑟 𝑛𝐶𝑟 𝑎 𝑏/𝑐, sine, cosine
x
and tangent and their inverses in radians, degrees and in decimals of a degree.
Some symbols and notations.
Learners will meet and use among others, the following symbols and notations:
{} ℕ = {0, 1, 2, 3, … } the set of The set of natural numbers  is an element of
n(A) the number of elements in the set A  is not an element of
{x : } the set of all x such that  is a subset of
A the complement of the set A f (x) the image of x under the function f
f is a function under which each element of set A has an the inverse relation of the function f
f :AB f–1
image in set B
𝑓: 𝑥 ↦ 𝑦 f is a function under which x is mapped onto y 𝑓𝑔 the function f composed with g
 
AB
] [ open interval on the number line the vector AB
AB 
closed interval on the number line Magnitude of vector AB
[ ]
[a, b] {𝑥: 𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑏} a, or 𝑎⃗ the vector a
𝑏
(a, b] or ]𝑎, 𝑏] {x: a < 𝑥 ≤ 𝑏} ∑ 𝑢𝑟 Summation
𝑟=𝑎
[a, b) or [𝑎, 𝑏[ {𝑥: 𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 < 𝑏} p not p
(a, b) or ]𝑎, 𝑏[ {𝑥: 𝑎 < 𝑥 < 𝑏} pq p implies q
p implies and is implied by q or

[AB] Line segment from A to B.
(p is equivalent to q) or p iff q or
pq
AB Length of [AB]
p implies q and q implies p
𝑑𝑦 The derived function of or derivative of the function 𝑓 The limit of 𝑓(𝑥) as x tends to a
𝑓 ′ 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 ′ 𝑜𝑟 lim 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥→𝑎
𝑑2𝑦 The second derivative of the function 𝑓 The integral or the primitive of the function f
𝑓 ′′ 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 ′ ′ 𝑜𝑟 ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
PURE MATHEMATICS WITH MECHANICS TEACHING SYLLABUS FOR LOWER SIXTH
MODULE 1: ALGEBRA AND LOGIC.

CREDIT: 105 hours / 9 periods of 50 minutes each per week
GENERAL PRESENTATION
Algebra focuses on describing pattern and relationships between variables through the use of symbolic expressions, graphs and
tables. This module is the extension of basic algebra and starts here with transposition of formulae then to introducing relations
and functions. Functions, relations, equations, inequalities, systems of equations and graphs are examples of models. This
module is made up of the families of situations: Describing patterns and relationships between quantities using symbols.
There are three categories of action namely: Interpretation of algebraic models; determination of quantities from algebraic models;
representation of quantities and relationships.
CONTRIBUTION OF MODULE TO OUTCOME AND CURRICULUM GOALS

The mastery of this module will help the learner to solve problems using algebraic language and skills and also to examine and
study relationships between real life situations. Through the use of symbolic expressions, graphs and tables, learners will be able
to recognize, describe and represent patterns and relationship as well as translate real life problems into different forms of
equations to enable the solution to the problem. Logic being Mathematical reasoning will help learners develop the skill of logical
reasoning (deductive and inductive), spirit of critical thinking for proper decision taking.
CONTRIBUTION OF MODULE TO LEARNING AREA

Algebra is the language for investigating and communicating most of Mathematics, sciences and technological work. Formulae
are highly used in physical sciences (calculating air pressure, resistance, voltage), and in economic growth such as calculating
pension for those on retirement etc. Learners will achieve efficient manipulative skills in the use of algebra, and a thorough
understanding of these is essential for understanding any field of mathematics and many technical areas where mathematics is
applied. This module is a foundation for more advanced mathematics, science and technology in general.
CONTRIBUTION OF MODULE TO AREAS OF LIVING
The areas of living where this module is employed are: Family and Social life, Economic life, Environment, Welfare and health;
Citizenship, Media and Communication. Learners develop the competences of translating phrases and sentences in real life into
variable expressions and equations to find solutions. They will use algebraic language and skills to describe patterns and
relationships in a way that builds awareness of other learning areas as well as issues related to human rights, social economic
and cultural life, political and environmental issues. Many real-world phenomena can be modeled by relations such as: the time a
satellite takes to complete a revolution around the earth in terms of its speed and altitude; with finances to find simple interest (𝐼)
earned on an investment (𝑃) after a period of time (𝑡) at a rate (𝑟), is given as 𝐼 = 𝑃𝑡𝑟. Therefore, in other subject areas, as well
as in real life, connections are made between algebraic representations and the problem situations so as to provide better
understanding about Mathematical concepts and the different problem situations. Learners will be able to manipulate graphs in
media to represent trends and pattern, represent relationships within an ecosystem, exploit and design geometrical patterns in art
and architecture and appreciate symmetrical patterns that occur in nature.
MODULE 1 : ALGEBRA AND LOGIC
CREDIT: 105 hrs/9 periods of 50 minutes each per week
Table 1: MODULE 1: ALGEBRA AND LOGIC: LOWER SIXTH FORM

Contextual framework Competences Resources
Family of Examples of Categories Examples of Core Knowledge Skills Attitudes Other
situations situations of actions actions Resources
-Travelling Determine the 1.1 THEORY OF
relationship QUADRATIC -Accurate
-Marketing between the FUNCTIONS and rapid Calculators,
Interpretatio dimensions of a AND QUADRATIC writing of graph
- n of plane figure and EQUATIONS: - State and identify the general form of: very large papers,
Construction algebraic its area; - Quadratic i) Quadratic functions: and very mathemati
models -Find expenses or expressions f  x   ax2  bx  c, a  0 small cal drawing
-Saving cost for a event; - Quadratic ii) quadratic expressions: numbers ; sets
-Find profit on a equations
ax 2  bx  c, a  0
-Hiring given sale;
-Find income for a iii) quadratic equations: Parabolic
Describing
patterns -Currency Determinatio given enterprise; ax 2  bx  c  0, a  0 -Good sense shapes like
and exchange n of -Determine the -Solve quadratic equations of numbers; mini
relationship quantities number of (i) by factorization satellite
s between -Planning a from articles bought (ii) by completing the squares dishes
quantities meal algebraic from the total - The quadratic -Derive and use the quadratic formula -Confidence;
using models cost; formula b  b  4ac to solve quadratic
2
x
symbols -Agriculture -Find change in 2a
prices; equations
-Politics -Express the cost - Use the discriminant   b 2  4ac
of renting a car in to determine the nature of roots of
-Family ties terms of the the equations
Representing number of days - Solve quadratic equations given in
-Social ties quantities and caution; other forms different from the
Travelling and -Write total general form.
relationships amount spent in
-Marketing terms of unit cost
and number of - Relationship - Deduce the relationship between
- articles; between roots coefficients and the sum of and
Construction -Indicate the and coefficients of product of roots
Interpretatio distance covered a quadratic (    and  ) of a quadratic -Good sense
-Saving n of by a car in terms equation equation measuremen Calculators,
algebraic of speed and t in graph
-Hiring model time; - Symmetric -Make use of symmetric properties of constructions papers,
-Justify a result- properties of the roots without solving the equation mathemati
-Currency Determine the roots of a -Find new quadratic equations using cal drawing
exchange relationship quadratic information on symmetric properties sets
Determinatio between the area equation of roots of a given quadratic equation -Confidence;
Describing -Planning a n of of a rectangular - Recognise
patterns meal quantities garden and its - Graphs and -State and identify a quadratic and link Parabolic
and from sides; properties of function relationships shapes like
relationship -Agriculture algebraic quadratic -Sketch graphs of quadratic functions in structures mini
s between models Designing curved Functions and their reciprocals satellite
quantities -Politics objects such as - Maxima and - Deduce maximum/minimum dishes
using parabolic mirrors Minima points/values of the functions.
symbols -Family ties and satellites - Obtain the equation of the line (axis)
dishes. - Line of symmetry of symmetry of the curve y  f ( x)
-Social ties Representing Maximize volume of the graph of -Determine the coordinates of the
quantities of a box y  f ( x) vertex of the curve y  f ( x)
and Maximum area - Simple
relationships - Deduce from the graph of y  f ( x) ,
transformations
the graphs of:
Designing (i) y  f  x  a   ii  y  f  x   a
arcs on (iii) y  af  x  etc where 𝑎 ∈ ℝ
buildings
-Determine the range of values of
expressions such as: ax  b , ax2  b
2
cx  d cx  d
etc where it exists
- Applications of - Determine, without solving, the
number of points in which a straight
nature of roots line will intersect a quadratic curve
- System of - Solve a system of three

equations with 3 simultaneous linear equations with 3
unknowns unknowns
Travelling Interpretatio Decide on the 1.2 INEQUALITIES ;

n of best cell phone AND Calculators,
-Marketing algebraic plan to use INEQUATIONS graph
model -Determine price - Basic Rules on - Apply basic rules of solving papers,
- of commodity solving inequalities -Good sense mathemati
Construction and quantity of Inequalities - Interpret interval notations in of numbers; cal drawing
commodity - Linear various forms: 𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑏, [𝑎, 𝑏] sets
-Saving -Find the job for Inequalities
Determinatio you to make -Deduce and apply a 2  b 2  2ab Different
-Hiring n of more money - Quadratic -Solve inequalities of the form: -Confidence; tariff
Describing quantities -Determine inequalities  i  ax  b    cx  d  ii  ax 2
 bx  c  0 options for
patterns -Currency from better deal when services
and exchange algebraic renting a car or a iii  f  x   g  x   h  x  (telephone,
relationship models house; - Express inequalities in factor form to s, car
s between -Planning a -Find average deduce solution i.e rentals etc)
quantities meal daily demand for  x  a  x  b  x  c   0 - Meticulous
using a commodity
symbols -Agriculture -Mixing
- Solve inequalities of the form:
Representing compounds to - Inequalities
ax  b
-Politics quantities form products Involving rational i   d  ii 
ax

c
xc xb xd
-Family ties and -Find maximum functions ax  b
(iii ) p  q
-Social ties relationships performance  x  c  x  d 
-Justify a result
- Determine the - Inequalities - State and identify an absolute value
optimum profit involving the function
margin of a modulus or - Sketch graphs of absolute value
business venture absolute value functions
functions
- Graph system of inequalities
- System of -Solve system of inequalities
inequalities -Linear programming
-Travelling Interpretatio -Determine the 1.3 Graphs of - Use graphs of absolute value
n of relationship absolute value functions to solve inequalities - choose
-Marketing algebraic between the area functions and involving absolute value wisely
model of a rectangular inequalities -Solve inequalities of the form: -Good sense
- garden and its i  x  a  bx  c ii  x  a   x  b of numbers;
Construction sides;
-Find expenses or iv  x2  p x  q  0
-Saving cost for a event; xa
 v c
Determinatio -Find profit on a x b -Confidence;
-Hiring n of given sale; -Solve equations of the form Calculators,
quantities -Find income for a xa ax graph

-Currency from given enterprise; xb xb
papers,
exchange algebraic -Determine the - Represent solution sets on the real mathemati
models number of number line. cal drawing
-Planning a articles bought sets
meal from the total 1.4 POLYNOMIALS -Identify polynomial expression and Different
cost; -Algebra of state its degree tariff
-Agriculture -Find change in polynomials P  x  an xn  an1xn1  ...  a0 options for
prices; -The Remainder services
- Find sum and product of
-Politics Representing -Express the cost and factor polynomials (telephone,
Describing quantities of renting a car in theorems -Find the quotient of two polynomials -Good sense s, car
patterns -Family ties and terms of the -Applications of using long division method of numbers; rentals etc)
and relationships number of days the Remainder -Deduce that for any polynomial
-Social ties Interpretatio and caution; and Factor
P  x  , P( x)  ( x  a)Q( x)  R( x)
relationship
s between -Travelling n of -Write total Theorems
quantities algebraic amount spent in -Factorisation of -State and use the remainder and -Confidence;
using -Marketing model terms of unit cost polynomials factor theorems
symbols and number of Express a polynomial as a product of
- articles; its linear factors
Construction -Indicate the -Determine some constants from the
distance covered relationship:
-Saving Determinatio by a car in terms i  P  x   g  x  Q  x   R  x 
n of of speed and
-Hiring quantities time; 1.5 Rational ii  P  x    x  a  Q  x   bx  c
from -Justify a result polynomial
-Currency algebraic -Determine the f ( x)
exchange models relationship functions: -Decompose proper fractions with
g ( x)
between the area (i) linear factors
-Decomposition
-Planning a of a rectangular (ii) repeated factors
when degree of
meal garden and its (iii)quadratic factors in the
sides; f  x  is less than denominator Documenta
-Agriculture -Find expenses or degree of g  x  -Decompose improper fractions with -Good sense tion
Describing Representing cost for an event; -Decomposition degree of denominator not greater of numbers; Tables and
patterns -Politics quantities -Find profit on a than 3 charts
when degree of
and and given sale;
f  x  is greater
relationship -Family ties relationships -Find income for a
s between given enterprise; than or equal to -Confidence;
quantities -Social ties -Determine the g  x
using -Travelling Interpretatio number of - Meticulous
symbols n of articles bought 1.6
-Marketing algebraic from the total MATHEMATICAL
model cost; STATEMENTS,
- LOGIC AND
Construction PROOFS
Determinatio
-Saving n of Logic
quantities -Basic concepts in -Define a statement
-Hiring from logic - Represent statements using symbols
algebraic -a Statement and and draw truth tables Sense of
-Currency models - Proving its negation -Distinguish between closed and open good
exchange formulas and -Propositions, statements judgment.
conjectures Composite -State the relationship between a
-Planning a -Make conclusion statements statement and its negation: Logical
meal Representing on an argument - Conjunction and 𝑝, ~𝑝 𝑜𝑟 𝑝̅ presentation
quantities disjunction -Use connectives to form composite of facts
-Agriculture and -Justify a result -“If- then” statements Critical
-Politics relationships statements: -Determine the truth value of a thinking
Describing -Family ties p  q proposition
patterns -Social ties Biconditional -Construct truth tables for Sense of
and statements: propositions good
relationship p  q -Express and interpret conditional judgment.
s between statements
quantities -The converse of a -Identify the hypothesis and Logical
using conditional conclusion of a conditional statement presentation
symbols statement -State the converse of a conditional of facts
-Politics -The inverse of a statement
Disputes conditional -State the inverse of a conditional Critical
-Family ties statement statement thinking Documenta
Verification Make right tion
-Social ties of facts. Mathematical -Use direct proof to verify the choice from Tables and
-Travelling - Proving Proofs truthfulness of a statement charts
multiple
Logical formulas and - Direct proofs - use counter examples to disprove
-Proof by Counter choices
-Marketing conclusions conjectures statements.
-Make conclusion example -Use proof by contradiction to prove a Make correct
- on an argument -Proof by theorem
Contradiction decisions
Construction -Use Mathematical Induction to prove
-Justify a result -Proof by using
the validity of formulas and
Mathematical incomplete
statements
Induction information
Organisatio -Census of a Organisation, -Record yearly 1.7 BINOMIAL -Calculator

n of population presentation rainfall EXPANSION -Sense of
information by some and -Record Binomial theorem -Generate the Pascal’s triangle for organization; -Graph
and characteristi exploitation production of for expansion of 𝑛 ≤ 10; and apply it for expansions board
estimation cs such as of crude oil by some -Data from
(𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥)𝑛 , for for 𝑛 ∈ ℕ and 𝑛 ≤ 10;
of sex, age information countries -Precision environme
positive integral -Deduce and interpret the general term
quantities group, -Compile results nt
in the profession, (exams, elections indices n; -Charts
consumptio religion etc. etc) -Pascal’s triangle  n  nr r or  n  nr 1 -Sense of illustrating
  a (bx)  a (bx)r 1
n of goods Interpretatio -Make a choice for n ≤ 10;  
r  r  1  good various
and services - n of results -Results of football judgment presentatio
of  a  bx 
Demographic matches -Binomial n n of data
growth -Display month’s -News
coefficients,
- sales by a shop -Critical paper
-Count the general term for -Use the general term of the expansion
Classification thinking
Describing of football number of cells in n > 0, r> 0 and r
in determining the term in x or the -Computer
a dilute solution r≤ 𝑛; constant term
patterns teams Statistics
Count the number n
and -Opinion -Make use of  a  bx n  a n 1  b x  to -Vigilant from
of cells in a dilute -Binomial
relationship polls on a Taking  a  National
solution theorem for 𝑛𝜖ℚ
s between new product chances simplify expansions departmen
-Compare
quantities or new policy - The binomial -Patient t of
production or
using events expansion of statistics
symbols -Evolution of
 a  bx  for -Data
n
-Forecast weather
the budget or election result -Politeness archive
of a country -Record number of 𝑛 ∈ ℚ -Students
due to accidents by The validity of the
economic b -Formulae
motor cars expansion -Use x  1 and determine the range
growth -Choose a career a booklet
 a  bx  for
n
Find the of values of x for which an expansion is
distribution on b valid
answers on true- x 1 -Calculate the first few terms as an
false tests a
approximation to  a  bx  when n is
n
-Find possible
sequences of boys - b
and girls in the rational and x 1
a
family
Application to
approximations -Apply expansion to find approximate
k
values of expressions such as a , a,
1 where a is a positive integer or
a
rational etc
Describing -Travelling Representing Determine the 1.8 Relations
patterns quantities relationship and Functions
and -Marketing and between the area Functions
relationship relationships of a rectangular -Domain, -Draw pappy graphs representing
s between - garden and its codomain and mappings
quantities Construction sides; range (image set) -State the domain, codomain and
using of a function range of a function
symbols -Saving -Find expenses or - identify the different types of
cost for a event; -Parity of a mappings Interpret
-Hiring Interpretatio -Find profit on a function - Recognize mappings that are relationships
n of given sale; functions. Documenta
-Investigation of
-Currency algebraic -Find income for a -Show that a function is odd, even or tion
simple odd and
Describing exchange models given enterprise; neither Make good Tables and
even functions
patterns judgments charts
-Composition of
and -Planning a -Determine the Patterns
functions
relationship meal Determinatio number of -Find the composite of functions
s between n of articles bought -Solve equations involving composite
quantities -Agriculture quantities from the total functions
using from cost; -Find the inverse of a composite
-Identity mapping
symbols -Politics algebraic function
models -Find change in -Find the inverse of an invertible
-The inverse of a
-Family ties prices; function
one-one function
-Graphical and -Sketch graphs of functions in simple
-Social ties
other cases
-Express the cost
representations of -Interpret piecewise defined functions
of renting a car in
a function and sketch their graphs
Representing terms of the
quantities number of days -Use graphs to illustrate the
-Graphical
and and caution; relationships between simple
illustration of the
relationships -Write total algebraic functions and their inverses
relationship
amount spent in -Define and show mastery of the
between a
terms of unit cost
and number of
function and its definition f  x  ka   f  x  , 𝑘 𝜖 ℤ of a
inverse
articles; periodic function of period a , where
-Indicate the a is the smallest positive constant
distance covered having this property
by a car in terms -Periodicity of a -Deduce the period of some periodic
of speed and function Interpret Documenta
functions from standard (natural)
time; relationships tion
-Justify a result periodic functions such as sin x , Tables and
cos x , tan x charts
-Sketch graphs of periodic functions Make good Patterns
-Sketch curves of functions within judgments
-Continuous extended range and calculate the
Describing Interpretatio Functions
area under the curve
patterns n of - Discontinuity
-State the condition for a function to
and algebraic
relationship model be continuous in an interval
s between -Use definition of continuous function
quantities to find values of some constants
using -State the point of discontinuity on
symbols the graph of a function
-Surjective, -State the properties to show that a

Injective and function is injective, surjective or
Bijective bijective
mappings -Prove that a function is injective,
surjective, bijective
MODULE 2: NUMBERS, FUNDAMENTAL OPERATIONS AND RELATIONSHIPS IN THE SETS OF NUMBERS AND
BETWEEN ELEMENTS OF A SET.
CREDIT: 65hrs / 9 periods of 50minutes each per week
PRESENTATION OF MODULE
This module is aimed at making the learner competent within the families of situations ‘Representation, determination of
quantities and identification of objects by numbers’. It has the following as categories of action: Determination of a number,
reading and writing information using numbers, verbal interaction on information containing numbers and estimation and
treatment of quantities.
This module will permit the learner to apply all what was acquired in first cycle under numbers and sets of numbers and extend it
to evaluate measures involving large numbers arising in branches of science, recognize and represent these large numbers using
indices.
This module is introduced by indices and logarithms, then sets of numbers (ℕ, ℤ, ℚ, ℝ and ℂ), set theory and ends with
arrangement of information into rectangular arrays called matrices. In this module learners get to discover very exciting number
patterns and properties.
This module contributes to a good mental structure that will permit the learner to react competently in different life situations as
well as be able to communicate concisely and precisely using numbers. Learners will be able to recognize, describe and
represent numbers and their relationships and to count, estimate, calculate and check with competence and confidence in solving
problems. Translate set language into ordinary English and vice versa, describe and extend pattern to solving problems.
The mastery of this module equips the learner with basic knowledge and skills (know -how) on which further learning in
Mathematics and the pure sciences will be based. It will also equip learners with basic know-how needed in other school subjects
such as the human sciences, commercial education etc. Indices, logarithms and their graphs for example, are used in other
subjects such as calculation of growth rate of seedlings or bacteria in biology, population growth in geography, pH of a solution in
chemistry, rate of decay with radioactive substances in Physics etc. Matrices are used in treating networks and eventually for the
solution of simultaneous equations.
This module provides the opportunities for the learners to represent very large numbers in index form thus gaining time and space
and also for easy understanding or appreciation of its value. Graphs of logarithmic and/or exponential functions are used for
economic applications such as simple and compound interest, annuities etc. Record inventory or data in matrix form will help for
easy calculation of stock. The learner with a good sense of number and operations with numbers has the mathematical
confidence to make sense and meaning in various contexts. These knowledge and skills will contribute in the management of
family finances; implication in different monetary transactions, etc justifies its importance in consumption and production of goods
and services, social, economic and environmental issues,
MODULE 2
NUMBERS, FUNDAMENTAL OPERATIONS AND RELATIONSHIP IN THE SET
AND BETWEEN ELEMENTS OF A SET.
CREDIT: 65hrs/ 9 periods of 50 minutes each per week
TABLE 2: MODULE 2: NUMBERS, FUNDAMENTAL OPERATIONS AND RELATIONSHIP IN THE SET AND BETWEEN ELEMENTS OF A SET. LOWERSIXTH FORM
-Find the number of Numerical -Find the pH of 2.1 INDICES, SURD - Establish and apply the laws of -Accurate and
bacteria in a certain methods substances; AND LOGARITHMS indices: rapid writing Calculator
mn
bacteria culture; -Record Indices a a  a
m n
, of very large
mn
population - Index Notation a a  a ,
m n and very small
-Find total value of growth; - Laws of Indices m n mn
(a )  a , a  1 (a  0) ,
0 numbers using
an investment at -Find the -Applications of laws 1 1 indices ;
the end of a defined The interest on an of Indices am  m , a n  n a
a
Representa period; language of amount - Exponential - Solve simple exponential
tion, sets invested; equations equations in one or two -Good sense of
determinati -Calculate the unknowns. numbers; Graph
on of amount to be paid -Evaluate the -Sketch/identify graphs of paper
quantities at each instalment; Verbal number of -The graph of exponential functions
and -Daily movements interaction points obtained i  y  ex -Using laws
identificatio on in a football (𝑖𝑖) 𝑦 = 𝑎 𝑥 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝜖ℝ
with
n of objects -Use of public and informatio league Confidence;
by numbers private services; n Surds Mathema
containing Calculate -Rational and -Define and identify rational and tical set
numbers concentration irrational numbers irrational numbers of
of Hydrogen -Simplification of surds -Simplify expressions with surds instrume
ions in a tomato - Rationalisation of -Rationalise denominators nts
Representa juice of given pH denominators expressed in surd form
tion and by a Chemistry Mathematical
treatment teacher or Logarithms - Relate the powers of 10 to precision and
of nutritionist - Common logarithms common logarithm generalisation.
Representa informatio -Find the - Laws of Logarithms -Derive logarithmic relations
tion, -Communicate using n and intensity of - Logarithmic from index form and vice versa -Good sense of Documen
determinati numbers; quantities earthquake by equations -State the laws of logarithm numbers; tation,
on of -Read bills (Water, geologist Natural Logarithms -Apply logarithmic laws to calculator
quantities electricity, -Calculate the Graphs of simplify logarithmic expressions
and communication annual sales of a (i) y  a x , y  log a x , and solve logarithmic equations -Using laws
identificatio bundles); product after a where a is any base in one or two unknowns. with
n of objects -Calculate bills. given number of (ii) y  ln x , y  e x -Apply laws of logarithm for Confidence;
by numbers years further computations
- Logarithmic
-Determine the -Sketch graphs/identify graphs of
equations
future value of logarithmic functions
- Applications of laws
an object
of logarithms
Representa -Find the number of Numerical -Find number of 2.2 SEQUENCES AND
tion, bacteria in a certain methods bags of farm SERIES -Good sense of
determinati bacteria culture; products; - Sequences -Define a sequence use of
on of - Series -Identify the pattern for a given numbers/sum Calculator
quantities -Find total value of set of numbers and deduce the mation
and an investment at general rule symbol;
identificatio the end of a defined The -Determine a term in a sequence
n of objects period; language of -Arithmetic -Define a series
by numbers set Progression (AP) - Distinguish between a sequence -Using laws
-Calculate the -The nth term of an and a series. with Documen
amount to be paid -Record and Arithmetic Progression Confidence; tation
at each instalment; Verbal store results -Determine whether a
-Daily movements interaction sequence/series is an AP or not.
on -Give test -Arithmetic Mean Derive and use formula for the
-Use of public and informatio results in some (AM) 𝑛𝑡ℎ term of an arithmetic
private services; n subjects over a progression : U n  a  (n  1)d
containing period of time; -Sum of an A.P. -Define and apply the arithmetic
-Communicate using numbers mean Mathematical Beads/cor
numbers; - Derive the formula for the precision and ks etc
-Read bills (Water, partial sum of an arithmetic generalisation.
electricity,
communication Representa Represent progression : Sn  n  2a  (n  1)d 
bundles); tion and information and 2 Good in
-Calculate bills. treatment interpretation n where the last term banking
Sn  ( a  l )
2
of transactions,
𝑙 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑,
-Find the number of informatio local savings Calculator
- Use the above formulae for
bacteria in a certain n and Mathematical schemes,
n and n  
Representa bacteria culture; quantities Modelling packing of
- Calculate sum of finite number
tion, - Limit of a sequence items
of terms
determinati -Find total value of
- Determine U n from U n = Sn  Sn1
on of an investment at
quantities the end of a defined The - Geometric - Calculate sum of limited Documen
and period; language of Progression(G.P) number of terms tation
identificatio set - Identify bounded and
n of objects -Calculate the monotone sequences Mathematical
by numbers amount to be paid Calculate precision and
at each instalment; Verbal compound - Recognise and define geometric generalisation.
-Daily movements interaction interest on an
on investment for a
-Use of public and informatio given period - The nth term of a G.P Beads/cor
private services; n sequence and geometric series ks etc
containing -Find value of an - Derive and use formulas for the
-Communicate using numbers investment or a 𝑛𝑡ℎ term of a geometric
numbers; car or a house progression : un  ar n1
- The geometric mean
at the end of a (G.M) U
U n1  rU n or r 
n 1
given period
- Sum of a G.P.
U n
-Vertical Define and apply the geometric

- Geometric Series.
distance travel mean GM
by a tennis - Calculate sum of finite number
balldropped of terms
from a given - Derive and use formulas for the
height and with partial sum of a geometric
progression: Sn  a (1  r ) , |𝑟| < 1
n
a give rate of
bouncing 1 r
a (r n  1) , |𝑟| > 1
Sn 
-Determine r 1
which payment - Use the above formulas for Calculator
-Find the number of plan is n and n  
bacteria in a certain advantageous. - Determine U n from U n = Sn  Sn1
bacteria culture; - Calculate sum of limited
Representa -Calculate total -Convergence of number of terms
tion, -Find total value of amount to be geometric sequence - Calculate the sum to infinity of a Mathematical
determinati an investment at The paid in -Limit of a sequence geometric sequence precision and Documen
on of the end of a defined language of refunding loan -Sequences diverging - Interpret the inequality r  1 generalisation. tation
quantities period; set and interest to 
and over a given - Derive and use formula for the
identificatio -Calculate the period -Convergence of sum to infinity of a converging Good in
n of objects amount to be paid Verbal geometric series : banking
geometric series a
by numbers at each instalment; interaction -Find number of S  transactions,
Summation of simple 1 r
-Daily movements on bacteria that local savings
finite series - determine the monotonicity of
informatio would exist schemes, Beads/cor
a series
-Use of public and n after a given The sigma notation packing of ks etc
- Apply arithmetic and geometric
private services; containing duration when items
b series to real life situations
numbers rate of growth  ur , a,b
r a
- Use the demonstration of
-Communicate using of bacteria is n
numbers; given
-Summation of some
u
r 1
r  u1  u2  ...  un
Standard Series to interpret

-Use of partial n n n
fractions in  r,
0
 r2,
1
 r  r  1 , etc
1
summation of series - Manipulate with standard series
in simple cases
- carry out summation using
method of difference in simple
cases
-Find the number of The -Find number of 2.3 SETS AND THEIR -Accurate and
committees that language of bags of farm REPRESENTATION rapid selection
can be formed; set products; -Equality of sets -Define/state: proper subsets, of items
Representa -Comparability of sets power set, De Morgan’s law -Good sense of Beads/
tion, Verbal -Cardinality of a set -Define and list members of a use of corks etc
determinati -Calculate the interaction -Power set power set of a given set. (State numbers/sum
on of values on -Universal set the number of elements in the mation
quantities informatio -Set operations power set of a given set: 2𝑛 ) symbol;
and -Use of public and n -De Morgan’s law -Carry out operations on sets -Using laws
identificatio private services; containing -Record and such as: intersections, union with
n of objects numbers store results -Make appropriate use of Venn Confidence;
by numbers -Communicate using Representa -Predictions -Sets of numbers Diagrams
numbers; tion and Represent commonly used in Mathematical
-arrange/select treatment information and Mathematics -Differentiate between, identify precision and
under given of interpretation the properties of, and establish generalisation.
conditions for a informatio the relationship between the
purpose n and Mathematical members of the following sets: Calculator
quantities Modelling ℕ, ℤ. , ℚ, ℝ, ℂ
-Properties of prime numbers,
even numbers and odd numbers
2.4 BINARY
-List the Numerical RELATIONS -Define binary relation in terms -Accurate and
elements/items methods Countries and -The notation of of ordered pairs rapid
under a given their binary Relations calculations ; Objects
relation geographical -Ordered Pairs with
Representa location given
tion, -Cartesian product of
-Communicate in The Pairing up two sets -Good sense of characteri
determinati Ordinary language of according to age -Analyse the reflexive, relating stics
on of -Properties of
English/Mathematic set and class relations symmetric , anti-symmetric and elements of a
quantities ally; -Matching transitive property of a relation set/ under
and names of -Verify that a given relation is given
identificatio Verbal people and reflexive, symmetric , anti- conditions;
n of objects -Calculate the interaction phone numbers symmetric or transitive
by numbers values on -Define equivalence relation
-Equivalence Relations
informatio -Comparing -Equivalence classes listing its properties Mathematical
-Use of public and n heights and -Venn Diagram -Prove that a relation R is an Confidence;
private services; containing masses of some Illustration equivalence relation
numbers individuals - Partitions -Define and construct
-Communicate using -Fundamental equivalence classes of the set A
numbers; theorem on relative to a relation R
-arrange/select Representa -Record and equivalence Relation -Apply the fundamental theorem
under given tion and store results -Ordered Relations on equivalence relations
conditions for a treatment Represent -Partial order -Define a partial order, total
purpose of information and -Total Order order and strict order listing
informatio interpretation -Strict Order their respective properties
n and Mathematical - Inclusion Diagram
quantities Modelling -Construct inclusion diagram for
a given relation
Organisatio -Census of a Organisatio -Record yearly 2.5 PERMUTATIONS -
n of population by some n, rainfall AND COMBINATIONS -Sense of Calculator
information characteristics such presentatio -Record - State and demonstrate the organization;
production of - Fundamental
and as sex, age group, n and Fundamental counting principle
crude oil by some Counting Principles
estimation profession, religion exploitatio -Define 𝑛!, and determine its -Graph
countries -Factorial Notation
of etc. n of -Compile results
numerical value where 𝑛 𝜖 ℕ. -Precision board
quantities informatio (exams, elections - Establish that the conjunction
in the -Demographic n etc) Permutations “and” implies multiplication of
consumptio growth -Make a choice possibilities -Sense of good -Data
n of goods -Results of -Successive operations judgment from
and -Classification of football matches - Establish that the conjunction environm
in a row and in circular
services football teams Interpretati -Display month’s “or” implies addition of ent
sales by a shop arrangements
on of possibilities -Critical
-Opinion polls on a results -Compare (independent - Find the number of thinking -Charts
production or situations)
new product or new arrangements of n different illustratin
events
policy -Mutually exclusive objects taken r at a time. g various
-Forecast weather
or election result situations -Define permutations as ordered -Vigilant presentat
-Evolution of the -Record number arrangements ion of
budget of a country of accidents by -Ordered -Apply intuitive approach to data
due to economic motor cars establish results in each -Patient
-Choose a career
arrangements
growth situation.
-Census of a Taking - Find the -Permutations of -Deduce eventually standard -News
population by some chances number of objects selected from results -Politeness paper
characteristics such possible line ups -Make use of standard results
a group n Pr  n !
as sex, age group, from a squad of (n  r )! -Calculate number of -Sense of
profession, religion players arrangements for like and unlike organization; -
etc. -Find the objects in a row and in a circle Computer
number of ways n  r , r  0 , 𝑛, 𝑟 𝜖 ℕ -Distinguish between
Organisation
-Demographic , medals be arrangement in a ring (like on -Precision
growth presentation awarded to -Arrangement of like beads) and in a circle Statistics
and winners of a -Use the formula for n Pr to solve from
exploitation and unlike objects
-Classification of sporting n! simple problems involving -Sense of good National
of
football teams activity. arrangements judgment departme
information p !q !r !
-Determine the -Apply permutations in real life nt of
-Opinion polls on a number of - Circular statistics
situations
new product or new possible roads arrangements: ( n  1)! -Defined combination as -Critical
2
policy Interpretati to take to get to selection thinking -Data
a destination Consider arrangement archive
on of -Use intuitive approach to
-Evolution of the in a circle and in a ring establish results in simple cases -Students
results
Organisatio budget of a country (like on beads) -Deduce eventually standard -Vigilant
n of due to economic -Simple problems results. -
information growth involving Formulae
and arrangements -Patient booklet
estimation -
of -Distinguish between Calculator
quantities Combinations permutation and combination -Politeness
in the Taking -Selection of objects -Establish relationship between
consumptio chances from a group: n
Pr and nCr -Graph
n of goods n board
n! -Determine how many selections
and n
Cr or   
services  r  r ! n  r ! of r different objects taken from
n  r , r  0 , n, r  n objects. -
-Use the formula for nCr to solve
-Simple problems simple problems of selections
involving selections - Demonstrate appropriate
interpretation of terminology like
“at least, at most” in
combinations.
-Apply combinations to real life
situations
-The partition of the N elements
of a set into A groups consisting
Partition theory in of n 1, n 2, n 3, …, n ∈ℕ, is
permutations and N!
combinations. n1 !n2 !...nn !
MODULE 3: PLANE GEOMETRY.
CREDIT: 78hrs / 9 periods of 50minutes each per week
GENERAL PRESENTATION
All what was done from points, lines, plane figures, angles, metric system form basic knowledge and skills necessary to continue
this module on geometry. This module is within the families of situations: Representations and transformation of plane shapes
within the environment. Three categories of actions are involved namely: Perception of the physical environment, production of
plane shapes and transformation of the physical environment and determination of measures.

This module will help learners to understand the conditions for congruency in plane figures and similarity in plane figures. It will
continue to improve upon learners’ understanding and appreciation of pattern, precision and beauty in natural and cultural forms.
Learners will also develop the ability to visualize, measure, represent, describe and compare plane figures in the environment,
use vector methods to solve problems and associate vectors to people and things in motion, use sine, cosine or tangent in right-
angled triangles to determine distances. In addition, learners will develop the sense of order, rigour in working, ability to represent,
accuracy and sense of precision and initiation to scientific method in handling life situations. The ability to construct will help
learners to be able to represent and interpret the physical environment and also be able to investigate and model situations in the
environment. As a result, they will be able to make sensible estimates, verify results, measure accurately, locate positions in real
life as well as be alert to the reasonableness of measurements and calculation results.
Critical thinking, creativity and sense of initiative that learners will also develop are attitudes that will contribute to make a citizen
autonomous and responsible in carrying out his social roles.

Plane geometry is one of the main parts of the Mathematics syllabus in line with the expected learning outcome. Measuring in
general relates directly to the scientific, technological and economic world of the learner. Accurate measuring and calculations
involving lengths, angles and areas, representations and descriptions are an integral part of chemistry, Biology, Physics and other
parts of Mathematics. Situations of congruency and similarity are seen in Biology, Chemistry and also in the cultural environment
of the learners. The learning of plane geometry provides the basic knowledge and skills needed to study 3-dimensional geometry.
The third category of actions shows interaction between numerical activities and geometrical activities.
The study of the module enables the learners to:
 Develop the ability to visualize, reason and justify,

 Interpret, understand, classify, appreciate and describe the world through 3-dimensional shapes, their locations, movement
and relationships.
By these, they should be able for example to use national flags to demonstrate transformations and symmetry in designs;
investigate and recognize the geometrical properties and patterns existing in traditional and modern architecture; use maps in
geography as specific forms of grid and also investigate geometric patterns in art.
The areas of living for which knowledge and skills from this module are directly applied are: Family and social life, Economic life,
Environment, welfare and health, citizenship, media and communication. Each learner uses or comes across objects from which
geometrical shapes can be identified. The outline of figures which are the lines, angles, planes and their intersections are what
constitute the physical environment for they are the bases for which real life subjects are constructed.
The study of size, distances, and position of objects in the environment is important since it will provide a language for describing
and representing the physical environment and methods for analyzing and drawing conclusions about real life phenomena.
Symmetry contributes in the study of the rules and principles of art and the appreciation of the beauty and taste.
MODULE 3: PLANE GEOMETRY
CREDIT: 78hrs/9 periods of 50 minutes each per week
TABLE 3: Module 3: PLANE GEOMETRY LOWER SIXTH FORM
Family of Examples of Categories of Examples of Core Knowledge Skills Attitudes Other
situations situations actions actions Resources
-Painting and Recognition -Constructing 3.1 CIRCULAR
tiling of plane houses of FUNCTIONS
-Drawing the shapes and same size -The six Trigonometric. - Define the trigonometric ratios:
map of a transformatio and type; Ratios sine, cosine, tangent, cosecant, Calculator
town, n within the Cut out into secant and cotangent.
country or environment similar -Trigonometric. Ratios - Deduce the exact values of the
continent shapes; for special angles trigonometric ratios for:
-Carpeting    
-Draw model Scale drawing and putting a 0, , , , ,
6 4 3 2
of a building ceiling; -Trigonometric ratios of 2𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 Mathemati
Representatio -Travelling -Displacing a complementary angles , , , … 𝜋, 2𝜋 (special cal set of
3 4 6
n and - Production of log of wood angles) -Accurate and Instrument
transformatio Demarcation plane shapes using a -The Radian and degree - Deduce other trigonometric ratios rapid s
n of plane of land crowbar; as units for measuring given one calculations ;
shapes within boundaries -Draw a angles Document
the Determinatio model for - Convert from radian to degree ation
environment -Housing in n of measures decoration; and vice versa: 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠 = 1800. -Good sense of
an estate -Find area of Mensuration of the -Solve equations involving the six choice of
a theatre Circle trigonometric ratios method/suitab
-Art or design stage; -Length of arcs  r ility to obtain
-Draw the -Area of sector  12 r 2 result;
-Designing a plan for a
-Area of segment
sport house; - Calculate circumference, area of
complex -Find height  12 r 2 (  sin  ) , circle, length of arc, area of sector -correct
of a building where 𝜃 𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠 and area of segment. extrapolation/
-Mapping a or of a flag -Sine and cosine manipulation
town pole or of a formulae
radio aerial;
-Building -Find - Derive and use formulae to
distance/are calculate lengths of sides and
-Surveying a of model -The General Angle angles of a triangle
shapes - Determine trigonometric ratios of
general angle
- Determine trigonometric ratios of
negative angles: sin      sin 
cos     cos  , tan      tan 
-Painting and -Recognition -Constructing Trigonometric -Draw graphs of simple
tiling of plane houses of Functions trigonometric functions -Accurate and
-Drawing the shapes and same size - Angles and their -Determine effect of simple rapid
map of a transformatio and type; measures transformation on graphs of simple calculations ; Calculator
town, n within the -Locating -Graphs of trigonometric functions
country or environment points on the Trigonometric -Make use of the period of a
continent earth by Functions trigonometric function -Good sense of
-Scale cartographer -Simple -Obtain Maximum/minimum choice of
-Draw model drawing s Transformations of values of trigonometric functions method/suitab
Representatio
of a building graphs of Trigonometric and their rational forms. ility to obtain Mathemati
n and
-Travelling -Production of Cut out into function -Derive and use the Pythagorean result; cal set of
transformatio
- plane shapes similar -Amplitude identities Instrument
n of plane
shapes within
Demarcation shapes; -Period  i  cos2   sin 2   1 s
the
of land -Determination -Carpeting -Phase shift  ii  sec2   1  tan 2  -correct
boundaries of measures and putting a -Pythagorean Identities extrapolation/
environment
-Housing in ceiling;  iii  cos ec2  1  cot 2  manipulation
an estate - -Draw a -Apply the identities in proving
model for other identities and solving
-Art or design decoration; trigonometric equations
-Designing a -Find area of -State and apply
sport a theatre Compound angle formulae
complex stage; -Compound angles -Use compound angle formulae to
-Mapping a -Draw the formulae deduce:
town plan for a i)double angle and half angle
-Building house; -Double angle and half identities
-Surveying -Find height angle Identities ii) multiple angles formulae
of a building iii) addition and product formulae
or of a flag -Multiple Angles
pole or of a -Factor formulae
radio aerial; (addition formulae)
-Painting and Recognition -Constructing -The expression -Express p cos   q sin  in the Accurate and
tiling of plane houses of a cos  b sin form: rapid
-Drawing the shapes and
map of a
same size
transformatio and type;
 i  r cos     calculations ;
town, n within the -Cut out into ii  r sin     for r  0 and  an
country or environment similar Solving trigonometric acute angle -Good sense of
continent shapes; Equations -Use the above two forms to choice of
-Carpeting -Solution of determine minimum and maximum method/suitab
-Draw model Scale drawing and putting a trigonometric equations values of trigonometric functions and ility to obtain
of a building ceiling; general solutions of trigonometric result; Graph
-Travelling -Displacing a equations paper
Production of log of wood -Determine general solution of Mathemati
Representatio - plane shapes using a trigonometric equations which may -correct cal set
n and Demarcation crowbar; require application of any of the extrapolation/ Document
transformatio of land -Draw a identities or formulae mentioned so manipulation ation
n of plane boundaries Determinatio model for far
shapes within -Housing in n of measures decoration; -Determine particular solutions
the an estate -Find area of within given intervals of
trigonometric equations which may
environment a theatre
require application of any of the
-Art or design stage;
identities or formulae mentioned so
-Draw the
far
-Make use of the approximations:
sport house; -Small Angles
sin x  x , tan x  x ,
complex -Find height
1 2
of a building Inverse Trigonometric cos x  1  x
-Mapping a or of a flag Functions 2
town pole or of a -Apply the limiting values of
-Building radio aerial; sin x, cos x, tan x for small angles
Scale drawing -Find - Graphs of inverse x in radians to solve problems Graph
Representatio -Surveying distance/are trigonometric functions Differentiate between Good sense of paper
sin x and  sin x 
n and a of model 1 1 choice of Mathemati
transformatio Production of shapes method/suitab cal set
n of plane plane shapes -define and use ility to obtain Document
shapes within arcsin x, arccos x, arctan x result; ation
the -Application to real life defined over suitable domain
environment Determinatio situations - Deduce the graphs of inverse
n of measures trigonometric functions from the -correct
graphs of the corresponding extrapolation/
trigonometric functions. manipulation
- Calculate bearings in 3 dimensions
- Solving problems involving angles
of elevation and depression
Representatio -Painting and Recognition -Constructing 3.2 COORDINATE -Determine: -Accurate and Calculator
n and tiling of plane houses of GEOMETRY (i) the distance between two points rapid
transformatio -Drawing the shapes and same size (ii) the coordinates of the midpoint calculations ;
n of plane map of a transformatio and type; -Point and line of a line segment joining two given
shapes within town, n within the -Cut out into Geometry points
the country or environment similar (iii) the coordinates of a point -Good sense of
environment continent shapes; Internal and external which divides a line segment choice of Mathemati
Scale drawing -Carpeting division of a line internally/externally in a given ratio method/suitab cal set of
-Draw model and putting a segment (iv) the gradient of a straight line ility to obtain Instrument
of a building Production of ceiling; passing through two given points result; s
-Travelling plane shapes -Displacing a -The Equations of a v) if 3 or more given points are
- log of wood collinear
Straight Line:
Demarcation Determinatio using a - Express and interpret the -correct
of land n of measures crowbar; equation of the straight line in the extrapolation/
boundaries -Draw a following forms: manipulation
-Housing in model for i) Gradient-Intercept form,
an estate decoration; ii) Double Intercept form,
-Art or design -Find area of -Pair of lines iii) General form.
a theatre
stage; -Identify parallel and perpendicular -Accurate and
-Draw the lines rapid
Recognition plan for a -Apply the conditions for parallel calculations ;
of plane house; and perpendicular lines
shapes and -Find height -Find the coordinates of the point
transformatio of a building of intersection of two lines -Good sense of
-Designing a n within the or of a flag -Find the angle between two choice of
sport environment pole or of a -Perpendicular distance intersecting straight lines method/suitab
Organisation complex radio aerial; of a point from a line ility to obtain
of information Scale drawing -Find -Calculate distance from a given result;
and -Mapping a distance/are point to a line Graph
estimation of town Production of a of model -Make use of the formula for the paper
quantities in -Building plane shapes shapes -Reduction to Linear distance from a point to a line in -correct Mathemati
the Mathematica form other situations extrapolation/ cal set
consumption -Surveying Determinatio l models of manipulation Document
of goods and n of measures objects - Reduce equations of experimental ation
services -Positioning data to linear forms which may (or
elements on may not) involve logarithm
a page by -Reduce equations of the
computer relationships of the form:
programmer y  ax 2  b, y  ax n , y  ab x ,
-Producing
1 1 1
the exact   etc into linear forms
image of a x y a
selected -Draw straight line graphs for the
picture by a -Loci using Cartesian or linear forms and use the graphs to
scanner parametric forms. find values of the constants
-Planning a a , b, n
town -Define the locus of a point
-Building a -Derive equations of loci in a plane
market in various forms
-Painting and -Constructing 3.3 MATRICES
tiling houses of -Definition of a matrix -Define basic notions in Matrices: -Accuracy and
-Drawing the same size element, row, column, order, rapid
map of a and type; square matrix (leading diagonal), calculation;
town, -Cut out into row matrix,
country or similar -Algebra of matrices -Add matrices of the same order -Good sense of
continent shapes; -Pre- and/or post-multiply matrices geometry and
-Draw model -Recognition -Carpeting applications; Calculators
-Multiply a matrix by a scalar
of a building of plane and putting a
-Carry out elementary row and
shapes and ceiling; -Confidence in
-Travelling transformatio -Displacing a column operations manipulating
- n within the log of wood -Transpose of a matrix -State the transpose of a matrix mathematical
-Use the property  AB  BT AT
T
Demarcation environment using a concepts;
Representatio of land -Scale crowbar; -Determinant of a
n and boundaries drawing -Draw a Evaluate determinant of square Perception of
square matrix
transformatio -Production of model for -Properties of matrices of order 2×2 and 3× 3 suitable
n of plane -Housing in plane shapes decoration; determinant -Factorise determinants concepts Document
shapes within an estate -Find area of -Apply the following properties of ation
the Determinatio a theatre -Singular matrices determinant:  i  AT  A T ,
environment -Art or design n of measures stage; Graph
-Draw the  ii  AB  A B  iii   A   n
A ,n board/grap
being the order of the matrix A. etc h paper
sport house;
complex -Find height -Multiplicative Inverse -Find the adjugate 𝑀∗ of a matrix
of a building of a 3  3 matrix M
-Mapping a or of a flag -Find the inverse of a square matrix
town pole or of a
of order 3: M 1  1 M*
radio aerial; M
-Building
-Find -Use the condition
A1B1   BA 
1
-Surveying distance/are
a of model
shapes -Applications of matrix -Solve equations in three unknowns
and interpret results
Representatio products to a system of -State conditions for existence of a
n and Art or design Find area of equations unique solution, no solution and -Accurate and
transformatio -Recognition a theatre infinite number of solutions rapid
-Applications of matrix
n of plane -Designing a of plane stage; -Transform one point to another calculations ;
products to
shapes within sport shapes and -Draw the -Transform one line to another Document
transformations in
the complex transformatio plan for a -Find the image of a point or line ation
space/in a plane under a given transformation
environment n within the house; -Applications of inverse -Good sense of
-Mapping a environment -Find height -Determine points or lines which are choice of Graph
matrix invariant under given
town -Scale of a building method/suitab board/grap
transformations
drawing or of a flag ility to obtain h paper
-Find a point or line whose image
-Building -Production of pole or of a result;
under a given transformation is given
plane shapes radio aerial; -Applications of -Calculate area and volume scale
-Surveying matrices in calculating factors for transformations in 2 and 3
Determinatio -Find areas and volumes dimensions -correct
n of measures distance/are - Carry out operations with extrapolation/
a of model enlargement manipulation
shapes
Representatio -Painting and -Recognition -Constructing 3.4 VECTORS -Differentiate between a vector
n and tiling of plane houses of - Geometric vectors and quantity and a scalar -Accuracy and
transformatio -Drawing the shapes and same size basic properties -Add two or more vectors rapid
n of plane map of a transformatio and type; -Multiply a vector by a scalar calculation;
-Algebraic operations of
shapes within town, n within the -Cut out into -Identify parallel vectors
the addition of two
the country or environment similar -State the direction ratios and -Good sense of Document
vectors and the
environment continent -Scale shapes; calculate direction cosines of geometry and ation
multiplication of a
-Draw model drawing -Carpeting vectors applications;
vector by a scalar, and Calculators
of a building -Production of and putting a
their geometric
plane shapes ceiling; -Determine a unit vector in a -Confidence in
significance
-Travelling -Displacing a specified direction in terms of the manipulating
- Determinatio log of wood orthogonal unit vectors i, j, k mathematical
-The orthogonal unit
Demarcation n of measures using a -Calculate the magnitude and concepts;
vectors i, j, k and the
of land crowbar; direction of a given vector Perception of
boundaries -Draw a Cartesian components suitable
-Use the notion of equality of two
model for of a vector. concepts
vectors
-Housing in decoration; Orthogonal and parallel -Distinguish between position
an estate -Find area of vectors vector ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝐵 and displacement vector
-Recognition a theatre ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 𝑂𝐵 - 𝑂𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
-Art or design of plane stage; -Position vector and -Calculate scalar (dot) product of
shapes and -Draw the displacement vector two vectors
-Designing a transformatio plan for a -Interpret the meaning of resolved
sport n within the house; - Scalar product of two Graph
parts of one vector on another
complex environment -Find height vectors, its board/grap
-Determine the angle between two
-Scale of a building geometrical vectors h paper
-Mapping a drawing or of a flag significance and -State and use the condition for
town -Production of pole or of a algebraic properties two vectors to be (i)perpendicular
-Building plane shapes radio aerial; - Application of scalar (ii) parallel Accuracy and
Representatio -Find product -State and/ or determine the rapid
n and -Surveying Determinatio distance/are direction vector of a line calculation;
transformatio n of measures a of model -The equation of a line -Derive the equation of a line in any
n of plane shapes (i) through a point and of the following forms: -Good sense of
shapes within The velocity parallel to a given Vector: r  m  a geometry and
the of plane vector applications;
Parametric: x  x1   a ,
environment relative to (ii) through two given
the velocity points y  y1  b , -Confidence in
of the wind. z  z1   c . manipulating
mathematical
x  x1 y  y1 z  z1
Cartesian:   concepts
a b c
- Convert from one form of
equation to another
-State and use the condition for
-Pair of lines two lines to be
-Parallel and (i)perpendicular
perpendicular lines (ii) parallel
-Intersecting Lines -Calculate the coordinates of the point
of intersection of two lines
-State the coordinates of the point of
intersection of a line with the
xy, yz, xz planes
Representatio Recognition -Find area of -Calculate the angle between two
n and -Recognition of plane a theatre -Skew Lines lines as the angle between their Accuracy and
transformatio of plane shapes and stage; direction vectors (include the case rapid
n of plane shapes and transformatio -Draw the -Perpendicular distance of skew lines) calculation;
shapes within transformati n within the plan for a from a point to a given - Define skew lines and determine
the on within the environment house; Line if two given lines are skew or not. -Good sense of
environment environment -Scale -Find height -Vector product of two - Calculate the perpendicular geometry and
Graph
-Scale drawing of a building vectors distance of a given point from a applications;
drawing -Production of or of a flag line. board/grap
-Production plane shapes pole or of a - Calculate vector product of two -Confidence in h paper
of plane radio aerial; vectors and state its geometrical manipulating
shapes Determinatio -Find significance: mathematical
n of measures distance/are concepts
a  b = a b sin  n
Determinatio a of model
n of shapes -Bring out the relationship between
measures vector product and its factor(s)
(vector(s))
-Calculate the sine of angle
between two vectors using vector
-Triple product product method
-Calculate the scalar triple and

vector triple product
-Painting and -Recognition -Constructing
houses of
CALCULUS I
tiling of plane -Accuracy and
same size and 3.5 LIMITS AND
-Drawing the shapes and rapid
type; DIFFERENTIATION
map of a transformatio - State the intuitive definition of calculation;
-Cut out into Limits of functions
town, n within the limits.
similar shapes; - Intuitive definition of
country or environment -Carpeting and
- state the general definition of -Good sense of
limits
continent -Scale putting a limits using ℇ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛿. (Restricted to geometry and
- General definition of a Calculators
-Draw model drawing ceiling; polynomials to degree 2) applications;
limit using ℇ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛿
of a building -Production of -Displacing a -Evaluate the limit of a function,
-Uniqueness of limit
plane shapes log of wood sums, product and quotient as -Confidence in
-Travelling using a -Limit of sum, product x  a, x   etc 𝑎 ∈ ℝ manipulating
- Determinatio crowbar; and quotient - Evaluate left and right hand limit mathematical
Demarcation n of measures -Draw a model -Make use of: concepts;
for  e 1 
h 1
of land e  lim    x x
n
boundaries
decoration;
-Find area of a
h 0
 h  i  lim 1    e Perception of
Representatio x 
 n suitable
theatre stage; Graph
n and -Housing in  xn  concepts
transformatio an estate
-Draw the plan
for a house;
  n    0
ii lim board/grap
n of plane -Find height of
 n!  h paper
shapes within -Art or design a building or iii  lim
n
 n xn   0 for all  , x  1
the of a flag pole
environment -Designing a or of a radio iv  As x  , xe x  0 and
aerial;  x
sport
-Find xe  0 for all   0
complex Accuracy and
distance/area to evaluate limits of similar rapid
of model functions
-Mapping a -Recognition shapes
calculation;
town of plane
shapes and Derivatives -Find derivatives of functions from -Good sense of
-Building transformatio first principles: geometry and
-The derivative defined f ( x   x)  f ( x) dy
n within the lim   f ( x) applications;
as a limit  x 0 x dx
-Surveying environment -Differentiation from For simple algebraic expressions
-Scale (2nd degree), trigonometric
first principles
drawing functions (sine and cosine
-The gradient of a
functions)
tangent as the limit of
the gradient of a chord
- The differentiability of -Determine an interval within
a function which a function is differentiable
- Show that a function is
differentiable or not at a given
point or interval
-Differentiation of
-Differentiate expressions involving
standard functions standard functions:
(Polynomial, f  x   x n , , f  x    ax  b  ,
n
-Travelling Trigonometric
- Recognition logarithmic,
f  x   sin  g  x  , Calculators
Demarcation of plane
exponential functions) f  x   cos  g  x  ,
of land shapes and
boundaries transformatio f  x   tan  g  x  ,
n within the
f  x   ln  g  x  , f  x   e  
-Constructing g x
-Housing in environment houses of
an estate -Scale same size and f  x   a x , f  x   log a x
drawing type;
-Art or design -Production of -Cut out into -Use chain rule to differentiate
similar shapes; -Differentiation of composite functions (function of a
plane shapes Graph
-Carpeting and composite functions function)
-Designing a Accuracy and
putting a board/grap
sport Determinatio rapid
ceiling; - using the sum, product and h paper
complex n of measures calculation;
-Displacing a -Differentiation of quotient rules
Representatio log of wood sums, products and
n and -Mapping a using a -Good sense of
quotients
transformatio town crowbar; geometry and
n of plane -Use any of the rules of applications;
-Draw a model
-Second derivative differentiation to find second
shapes within -Building for
the decoration; derivative
environment -Surveying -Find area of a d2y
theatre stage; - 2 or f ( x) or y where
dx
-Draw the plan
y  f ( x)
for a house;
-Differentiate inverse trigonometric

-Differentiation of functions such as f  x   arcsin x ,
inverse functions f  x   arccos x , f  x   arctan x
(restricted to inverse
trigonometric
functions)
-Find the derivatives and the
second derivatives of functions
- Differentiation of expressed parametrically
Representatio functions expressed
n and parametrically (two -Differentiate polynomial,
transformatio dimensions only) trigonometric and exponential
n of plane functions expressed implicitly
shapes within -Differentiation of
the functions expressed
environment implicitly (two
dimensions only)
Representatio -Painting and -Recognition -Constructing 3.6 Applications of
n and tiling of plane houses of differentiation -Accuracy and
transformatio -Drawing the shapes and same size and -State and use De L’hôpital rule to rapid
- rates of change,
map of a transformatio type; evaluate limits. calculation;
n of plane -Small Change
-Cut out into
shapes within town, n within the - percentage change - Find rate of change of one
similar shapes;
the country or environment -Carpeting and
variable with respect to another or -Good sense of
environment continent -Scale putting a time geometry and
-Draw model drawing -Find the change in one quantity as applications; Calculators
ceiling;
of a building -Production of -Displacing a a result of change in a related
plane shapes log of wood quantity. -Confidence in
-Travelling using a -Percentage change in one quantity manipulating
- Determinatio crowbar; as a result of change in a related mathematical
Demarcation n of measures -Draw a model quantity. concepts;
- tangents, normal,
of land for
decoration;
- local maxima and
boundaries minima and points of -Calculate gradient and determine Perception of
-Find area of a
theatre stage; inflexion. equations of tangents and normal suitable
-Housing in -Draw the plan to a curve at a point. concepts Graph
an estate for a house; -Determine the coordinates of board/grap
-Find height of stationary points (maximum and
h paper
-Art or design a building or minimum values, points of
of a flag pole Monotonicity of a inflexion)
-Designing a or of a radio function -Carry out increasing and
sport aerial; decreasing tests (first derivative
(Decreasing and
complex -Find test, second derivative test)
distance/area
increasing functions)
-Distinguish between maximum
-Mapping a of model and minimum points and points of Accuracy and Calculators
Representatio town shapes - Rolle’s Theorem inflexion rapid
n and -Mean value Theorem -State and use Rolle’s and Mean- calculation;
transformatio -Building value theorems
n of plane -Curve sketching: -Good sense of
shapes within -Surveying stationary points, -Determine the interval(s) within geometry and
the points of inflexion, which a function is increasing or applications;
environment intercepts with decreasing
coordinate axes, -Evaluate limits at the bounds of -Confidence in
asymptotes(vertical and the domain of definition of a manipulating
Graph
horizontal only), chart function mathematical
of signs (Table of -Construct the chart of signs (table concepts; board/grap
variation), investigation of variation) h paper
of the equation -Determine equations of
y /  ky asymptotes to a curve
-Sketch curves of polynomial,
simple rational and simple
exponential functions
Representatio -Painting and -Recognition -Constructing INTEGRATION
n and tiling of plane houses of Integration as the -Integrate standard functions -Accuracy and
transformatio -Drawing the shapes and same size and reverse of -Integrate sums rapid
map of a transformatio type; differentiation -Deduce integrals of standard calculation;
n of plane
-Cut out into
shapes within town, n within the functions from corresponding
similar shapes;
the country or environment -Carpeting and
derivatives to include the integrals -Good sense of
environment continent -Scale putting a 1 x geometry and
-Draw model drawing of x n , , e , cos x , sin x , 1 applications; Calculators
ceiling; x 1  x2
of a building -Production of -Displacing a
,  ax  b 
n
plane shapes log of wood -Confidence in
-Travelling using a manipulating
- Determinatio crowbar; -Find the primitive (integral) of a mathematical
Representatio Demarcation n of measures -Draw a model -Indefinite and definite concepts;
function
of land for integrals
n and -Add an arbitrary constant to an
decoration;
transformatio boundaries indefinite integral
-Find area of a
n of plane -Housing in -Evaluate definite integrals
shapes within an estate theatre stage; - Decompose into partial fractions Graph
the -Art or design Recognition -Draw the plan -Techniques of as a process to integrate some Perception of board/grap
environment -Designing a of plane for a house; Integration rational functions suitable
-Find height of h paper
sport shapes and (Decomposition into -Use given substitutions to carry concepts
a building or
complex transformatio partial fractions, linear out integration of radicals,
of a flag pole
-Mapping a n within the or of a radio
and nonlinear fractions, composite functions
town environment aerial; substitution) (function of function) etc
-Building -Apply appropriate substitutions in
-Surveying very simple cases
- Integration by parts - Identify special cases that require
integration by parts.
-Use integration by parts to
integrate a product (including cases
that require repeated integration
by parts)
PURE MATHEMATICS WITH MECHANICS TEACHING SYLLABUS FOR UPPER SIXTH FORM
MODULE 4: PLANE GEOMETRY AND SOLID FIGURES
CREDIT: 83hrs/ 9 periods of 50 minutes each per week

Table 4: MODLE 4: PLANE GEOMETRY AND SOLID FIGURES: UPPER SIXTH FORM
Resources
situations situations actions actions
-Painting and -Recognition of -Constructing 4.1.Circle Geometry -Derive general/standard forms of -Accurate
tiling plane shapes houses of Equations of the circle: equation of circle: and rapid
-Drawing the and same size and -Given centre and  i  x2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 where calculations ; Geomet
map of a town, transformation type; radius (  g ,  f ) is the centre and the radius
rical
country or within the -Cut out into -Given coordinates of 2 2
instrum
continent environment similar the ends of a diameter r is given 2by 𝑟 = √𝑔2 + 2𝑓 − 𝑐 ents
shapes; - Passing through three  ii  ( x  a)  ( y  b)  r ,
-Draw model of -Scale drawing -Carpeting given points. where centre is (a, b) and radius is r Calculat
a building and putting a -Manipulate the parametric forms of or
-Production of ceiling; equation of a circle. Materia
-Travelling plane shapes -Displacing a -Intersection of a -State the condition(s) for a straight ls for
Representation log of wood straight line with a line to intersect with a circle activitie
and -Demarcation -Determination using a circle -Find the coordinates of the point(s) s
transformation of land of measures crowbar; of intersection of a straight line and
of plane shapes boundaries -Draw a a circle
within the model for -Good sense
environment -Housing in an decoration; -Equation of a tangent -Determine the equation of a of
estate -Find area of a to a circle tangent to a circle at a given point judgement
theatre stage; -Apply the conditions of a straight and
-Draw the line to be a tangent to a circle in application.
plan for a solving problems
house; -Length of a tangent -Find the length of a tangent from an
from external point to external point to a circle
a circle -State and use condition for two
- Intersecting circles circles to touch (externally or
- Condition for two internally)
circles to touch -State and use condition for two
- Orthogonal circles circles to cut orthogonally
Resources
-Art or design -Recognition of - Radical axis of two - State the properties of the radical -Accurate
plane shapes -Find height circles. axis of two circles (Circles touching, and rapid Geomet
-Designing a and of a building intersecting and not touching) calculations ; rical
sport complex transformation or of a flag - Find the equation of the radical axis instrum
within the pole or of a of two circles ents
-Mapping a environment radio aerial;
-The equation of a
town -Scale drawing -Find - Find the equation of a circle which Calculat
-Production of distance/area circle through the passes through the points of or
-Building plane shapes of model points of intersection intersection of two given circles and
-Determination shapes of two given circles a given point
-Surveying of measures and a given point.
Representation -Painting and -Recognition of Constructing 4.2 Complex numbers - Obtain solutions of a quadratic Calculat
and tiling plane shapes houses of -Introduction to the equations for which discriminant -Accuracy ors
transformation -Drawing the and same size and Complex Number b 2  4ac  0 in terms of an and rapid
of plane shapes map of a town, transformation type; System imaginary unit i calculation ;
within the country or within the -Cut out into -The imaginary number
environment continent environment similar -Define and make use of i  1 -Good sense
i and its algebra
-Draw model of -Scale drawing shapes; -Define and make use of: of geometry
-Complex Numbers
a building -Production of -Carpeting z  x  iy , x , y  , and Graph
-Travelling plane shapes and putting a -Differentiate between the real and applications; board/g
Demarcation of ceiling; imaginary parts: raph
land Determination -Displacing a Re( z )  x , Im( z )  y -Confidence paper
boundaries of measures log of wood -Define, determine and use the in
-Housing in an using a complex conjugate of manipulating
estate crowbar; -Complex conjugate z  x  iy , x , y  : mathematica
-Art or design -Draw a l concepts;
z or z  x  iy, x, y 
model for -The Argand Diagram
decoration; -Geometrical Perception
-Find area of a representation of a -Represent complex numbers on an of suitable
theatre stage; complex numbers Argand Diagram (complex plane) concepts
-Draw the plan -Addition and
for a house;
subtraction of complex -Evaluate sums and difference of two Accuracy and Calculat
-Find height of complex numbers ors
numbers rapid
a building or of
Resources
a flag pole or of calculation ;
-Designing a a radio aerial; -Product and -Evaluate the product of two
sport complex -Find Quotient of Complex complex numbers -Good sense
distance/area Numbers -Use the knowledge of complex of geometry
-Mapping a -Recognition of of model conjugate to evaluate quotient of and Graph
town plane shapes shapes two complex numbers applications; board/g
and raph
-Building transformation -Equality of Complex - Use concept of equality in varied -Confidence paper
within the Numbers contexts in
-Surveying environment -Square root of - Factorise the function f  z  and manipulating
-Scale drawing complex Numbers: mathematica
solve the equation 𝑓(𝑧) = 0
-Production of l concepts;
plane shapes -Complex roots of a
-Find the square roots of complex
polynomial equation
numbers in algebraic form
Representation Determination
-Find the complex roots of
and of measures
polynomial with real coefficients
transformation
of plane shapes -Modulus and
-Define and compute the modulus
within the Argument of a
and argument of a complex number
environment Complex Number.
- Transform a complex number in
-Modulus-Argument
Cartesian form to modulus-
(Polar) form of a
argument form (or polar form)
complex Number
z  r  cos   i sin  
and exponential form z  rei and
vice versa
- Use the factor theorem to solve
equations with real and/or complex
roots
De Moivre’s theorem -Use De Moivre’s theorem

- simple equations and (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃)𝑛 = cos 𝑛𝜃 + sin 𝑛𝜃
Resources
expansions to express: Calculat
-Painting and Constructing (i) sin 𝑛𝜃, cos 𝑛𝜃 𝑎𝑛𝑑 tan 𝑛𝜃 in ors
tiling -Recognition of houses of terms of powers of
-Drawing the plane shapes same size and 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃, 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
map of a town, and type; (ii) powers of sine and or cosine of Accuracy and
country or transformation -Cut out into angles in terms of sine and cosine of rapid
continent within the similar multiple angles calculation ;
-Draw model of environment shapes; Graph
a building -Scale drawing -Carpeting -Multiplication and -Find the product and quotient of -Good sense board/g
-Travelling -Production of and putting a Division in Polar form two complex numbers given in of geometry raph
Demarcation of plane shapes ceiling; modulus-argument form and paper
Representation land -Displacing a applications;
and boundaries Determination log of wood -Geometrical -Determine loci and represent them
transformation -Housing in an of measures using a representation of geometrically on Argand diagrams -Confidence
of plane shapes estate crowbar sums, products and in
within the -Art or design quotients of complex manipulating
environment numbers mathematica
-Evaluate the nth roots of 1 for l concepts
-The nth roots of unity
n  1, 2,3, 4,5 and generalise the
-Cube roots of a
complex number results
-Evaluate the cube roots of any

complex number.
- Find the powers and roots of
complex numbers in polar form
-Represent roots on Argand
diagrams and interpret them.
Resources
-Painting and -Recognition of -Constructing 4.3 VECTORS -Make use of normal vector to a
tiling plane shapes houses of same - Equations of planes plane, three points on a plane, two -Accuracy
-Drawing the and size and type; lines on a plane to derive equation and rapid
map of a town, transformation -Cut out into of a plane calculation;
similar shapes;
country or within the
-Carpeting and
continent environment putting a
-Different forms of the -Determine equation of a plane in -Good sense
-Draw model of -Scale drawing ceiling; equation of a plane the different forms: of geometry
a building -Production of (i) the scalar product form: r.n  p and Calculat
-Displacing a
plane shapes log of wood (ii) vector parametric form: applications; ors
-Travelling using a r  a  sb  tc
-Demarcation Determination crowbar; (iii) Cartesian form: -Confidence
-Draw a model
of land of measures ax  by  cz  d in
boundaries for decoration; manipulating
-Find area of a -Transform equation from vector
Representation form to Cartesian form and vice mathematica
theatre stage;
and -Housing in an versa l concepts;
-Draw the plan
transformation estate for a house;
of plane shapes -Find height of - Lines and planes -Determine the angle between a Perception
within the -Art or design a building or of plane and a line of suitable Graph
environment -Designing a a flag pole or of -Determine whether a line is concepts
board/g
sport complex a radio aerial; contained in a plane or not
-Mapping a -Find raph
town distance/area - Intersection of a line paper
of model
- Determine the point of intersection
-Building and a plane of a line and a plane
shapes -Angle between two -Determine the angle between two
-Surveying planes planes
-Intersection of two -Determine the equation of the line
planes of intersection of two planes
-Perpendicular -Calculate the perpendicular
distance of a point distance of a point from a plane
from a plane
Resources
-Painting and -Recognition of -Constructing 4.4 INTEGRATION
tiling plane shapes houses of same - Definite integral - Use Riemann sum to define definite -Accuracy
-Drawing the and size and type; -Simple applications of integral. and rapid
map of a town, transformation -Cut out into integration to -Express definite integral as area calculation;
similar shapes;
country or within the calculate: defined under a curve
-Carpeting and
continent environment putting a  area of plane - Use integration to calculate areas -Good sense
-Draw model of -Scale drawing ceiling;  volumes of solids of under a curve (to include area below of geometry
a building -Production of revolution, x-axis ) and between two curves and Calculat
-Displacing a
plane shapes log of wood  centroids and - Calculate volumes of solids of applications; ors
-Travelling using a centres of mass revolution
-Demarcation Determination crowbar; -Use integration to calculate -Confidence
of land of measures -Draw a model centroids and centres of mass of in
boundaries for decoration; plane figures manipulating
-Find area of a mathematica
- Calculate volumes of solids of
Representation theatre stage;
-Housing in an revolution about the two axes l concepts;
and -Draw the plan
estate for a house; -Approximations to
transformation
-Find height of definite integrals using -Use trapezium rule to evaluate Perception
of plane shapes
-Art or design a building or of the trapezium rule definite integrals and as of suitable Graph
within the
a flag pole or of approximation concepts
environment board/g
-Designing a a radio aerial; 4.5 First order
sport complex -Find raph
differential equations
distance/area with separable paper
-Mapping a of model -Separate variables before
variable
town shapes
-Solution of simple first integrating
order differential -Find general as well as particular
-Building equations (involving solutions to simple first order
polynomial, differential equations
-Surveying trigonometriconometri
c, exponential and
logarithmic functions)
with variables that can
be separated
Resources
-Travelling -Determine the 4.6 LOCATION OF THE
relationship -Accurate
between the
ROOTS OF ANY
-Marketing Interpretation area of a EQUATION and rapid Calculat
of algebraic rectangular - Verify that a root of the equation writing of or
-Determination of an
-Construction model garden and its 𝑓(𝑥) = 0 lies in the interval very large Graph
sides; interval 𝑎 < 𝑥 < 𝑏
𝑎 < 𝑥 < 𝑏 from the signs of and very board/g
-Find expenses or within which a root of
-Saving 𝑓(𝑎)𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(𝑏) small raph
cost for a event; the equation 𝑓(𝑥) = 0
Determination -Find profit on a numbers ;
lies, either graphically paper
-Hiring of quantities given sale; -Use sketch graph to determine an
or by use of the signs
from algebraic -Find income for interval within which a root of an
a given of 𝑓(𝑎)𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(𝑏)
-Currency models equation lies
enterprise;
exchange -Determine the -Good sense
number of of numbers;
Describing -Planning a articles bought
from the total -Graphical method of
patterns and meal -Sketch graph(s) of function(s) to
cost; solving equations
relationships find an approximate value for the
-Find change in
between -Agriculture Representing prices; root of an equation -Confidence;
-The Newton-Raphson
quantities using quantities and -Express the cost -Use Newton-Raphson process
process
symbols -Politics relationships of renting a car repeatedly to determine up to a
in terms of the f ( xn )
number of days
xn1  xn  third approximation to the root of an
-Family ties f '( xn ) equation
and caution;
-Write total
-Social ties amount spent in -Any other iterative
terms of unit -Use linear interpolation and interval
process, including the
cost and number
interval bisection orbisection repeatedly to determine
of articles;
-Indicate the midpoint method and up to a third approximation to the
distance covered the method of Linear root of an equation
by a car in terms -Use other iterative processes
interpolation or Chord
of speed and method. -Demonstrate an understanding of
time;
-Justify a result
the convergence of iterative
processes
Representation -Painting and -Recognition of -Constructing 4.7 CURVE SKETCHING -Determine the coordinates of
and tiling plane shapes houses of same stationary points, stationary points (maximum and -Accuracy
transformation -Drawing the and size and type; points of inflexion, minimum values, points of inflexion) and rapid
Resources
of plane shapes map of a town, transformation -Cut out into intercepts with -Distinguish between maximum and calculation;
within the country or within the similar shapes; coordinate axes, minimum points and points of
environment continent environment -Carpeting and asymptotes(vertical inflexion -Good sense
-Draw model of -Scale drawing putting a and horizontal only), -Determine the interval(s) within of geometry
ceiling; Calculat
a building -Production of chart of signs (table of which a function is increasing or and
-Displacing a
-Travelling plane shapes variation), decreasing applications; ors
log of wood
-Demarcation using a investigation of the -Evaluate limits at the bounds of the
of land Determination crowbar;
′
equation 𝑦 = 𝑘𝑦 domain of definition of a function -Confidence Graph
boundaries of measures -Draw a model -Construct the chart of signs (table of in board/g
-Housing in an for decoration; variation) manipulating raph
estate -Find area of a -Determine equations of asymptotes mathematica paper
-Art or design theatre stage; to a curve l concepts;
-Sketch curves of polynomial, simple Perception
rational and simple exponential of suitable
functions concepts
MECHANICS
MODULE 5: KINEMATICS
CREDIT: 43 hours / 9 periods of 50 minutes each a week

TABLE 5: MODULE 5: KINEMATICS. UPPER SIXTH FORM
-Painting and Recognition of -Displacing a 5.1 Application of - Distinguish between scalar and -Sense of -Metre rule
tiling plane shapes log of wood vectors in mechanics vector quantities. order
-Drawing the and using a - Vector -Differentiate displacement and -Precision -Tape
map of a transformation crowbar; differentiation and velocity with respect to time in measures
town, country within the -Find area of a - Integrate acceleration and calculation of different
or continent environment theatre stage; Vector integration, velocity with respect to time -Critical lengths
-Draw the plan displacement(r), -Use r  t  as the velocity of a thinking
/
Representation -Draw model for a house; velocity(v), -Scientific

particle at time t seconds
of a building Scale drawing -Find height of method
and acceleration(a) -Use r  t  as the acceleration
//
transformation a building or -Ability to
- Velocity of a particle
of plane -Travelling of a flag pole of a particle at time t seconds visualize
at time (t)
shapes within -Demarcation Production of or of a radio -Calculate magnitude of physical -Ability to
- Acceleration of
the of land plane shapes aerial; quantities. reason and
particles at time (t).
environment boundaries -Find distance -Use concepts such as parallel justify
- Vector integration.
-Housing in and perpendicular vectors in -Sense of
an estate Determination solving problems. appreciatio
- of measures - -Solve simple vector differential n
equations.
Representation -Painting and 5.2 KINEMATICS OF -Sense of -Metre rule

and tiling PARTICLES MOVING -Define distance, displacement, order
transformation -Drawing the IN A STRAIGHT LINE. velocity and acceleration. -Tape
of plane map of a -Determine - Motion in one - Develop and apply the -Precision measures
shapes within town, country measure of dimension equations for uniform in of different
the or continent similar - Equations for acceleration formulae calculation lengths
environment containers; uniform acceleration. - Sketch and interpret motion -
-Draw model - Graphs in kinematics. graphs: Displacement - time -Critical Geometrica
of a building graphs, velocity-time graphs thinking l
etc. Instrument
-Travelling -Find speed and acceleration s
-Recognition -Constructing - Motion under from distance and vice versa. -Scientific
-Demarcation of plane houses of gravity. - Determine the time if speed, method -Set square
of land shapes and same size and - The use of the distance and acceleration are
boundaries transformation type; equations given with certain restrictions -Ability to -Cartesian
within the dv (motion in resistive medium) visualize plane,
-Housing in environment  f  v  or f  t  graph
dt
an estate The use of the -Ability to papers,
equation reason and square
Representation dv justify boards,
and -Cut out into v  f  x  or f  v  geoboards,
transformation similar shapes; dx -Sense of straight
of plane -Art or design appreciatio edge
5.3 VELOCITY AND
shapes within -Find a vector equation of the n topographi
ACCELERATION AS
the path of a moving particle cal maps,
VECTORS.
environment -Find the position vector of a real life
- Relative velocity
moving particle relative to situations
- Non-parallel forces
-Carpeting and another moving particle at time
- True velocity
putting a 𝑡
ceiling; - Interception and -Show that two moving objects
collision will collide and find the position
-Designing a -Displacing a
- Relative positions. vector of the point of collision
sport complex log of wood
- Relative motion. -Calculate the least distance
using a
crowbar; between two objects
-Calculate the velocity of a
particle relative to another
5.4 KINEMATICS OF particle at time 𝑡
-Scale drawing
PARTICLES IN A -Calculate horizontal and
PLANE. vertical distances of projectile.
- Velocity and -Do motion in two dimensions.
-Draw a
acceleration when -Determine the direction of
motive for
position is a function motion at a given time
decoration;
of time. -Determine the maximum
-Mapping a
town - Simple problems on horizontal range of a projectile.
projectiles. -Derive the equation of a -Scientific Cartesian
- Projectiles from a trajectory. method plane,
height -Calculate maximum height and graph
Representation -Find area of a -Vertical motion under time of flight -Ability to papers,
and theatre stage; gravity. visualize square
transformation boards,
of plane -Draw the plan 5.5 Motion in a circle -Ability to geoboards
shapes within -Building for a house; with uniform speed. -Derive basic equations of reason and
the -Production of - Motion on a motion for circular motion justify
environment plane shapes -Find height of horizontal circle. -Express angular displacement
a building or - Linear and angular in radians. -Sense of
of a flag pole speed. - Demonstrate understanding of appreciatio
- or of a radio - Conical pendulum. centripetal forces. n
Determination aerial; - Relationship -Calculate the net force acting
of measures between angular on a body i.e. F  m v
2
-Surveying speed and linear r

-Find distance speed - Establish the relationship
between angular speed and
linear speed: v  rw
- Calculate angular speed and
linear speed
MODULE 6: STATICS

TABLE 6: MODULE 6: STATICS. UPPER SIXTH FORM
6.1 CENTRE OF MASS OF
UNIFORM RIGID
BODIES.
Housing in an - System of particles. - Describe a uniform rigid body -Precision
estate - Use of coordinates to - Define centre of mass, centre of in
Transporting, find centre of mass of a gravity and centroid and calculation
carrying system of particles differentiate between them.
objects - Locate coordinates of masses in a -Critical
system of particles. thinking
-Art or design Pivots of a n Documenta
Recognition of metal bar, - Use of position i im r -Scientific tion,
plane shapes objects… vectors to find centre - Derive R  i 1n where 𝑚𝑖 method Calculator
Representation
and
and
transformation
of mass of a system of
particles i 1
i m Rigid
bodies
transformation within the are the masses with coordinates 𝑟𝑖 Strings
of plane shapes environment and R the coordinates of the centre
within the of mass.
environment -Use notion of moment to derive
the vector form,
n
m r i i
,r i 1
n
where 𝑟𝑖 are
m
i 1
i
position vectors of 𝑚𝑖 .
- Uniform laminae - Describe uniform lamina
- Use of symmetry - Use symmetry and integration to
find centre of mass of uniform
lamina. (use familiar plane figures)
𝑏
Housing in an ∫𝑎 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 Documenta
estate - Use of integration - Derive 𝑥̅ = 𝑏 and tion,
∫𝑎 𝑦𝑑𝑥
1 𝑏 2
∫𝑎 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 Calculator
𝑦̅ = 2 𝑏 Rigid
∫𝑎 𝑦𝑑𝑥
- Composite rigid bodies
bodies. - Describe a composite body and Strings
-Art or design find its centre of mass.
-Equilibrium of
suspended bodies - Identify and calculate angle of
inclination of suspended body when
in equilibrium.
- Apply notion of moment and vector
to find the position vector of centre of
mass of a system of particles
-Painting and 6.2 APPLICATION OF -Sense of -Metre rule
tiling VECTORS IN order
-Drawing the MECHANICS. -Tape
map of a - Force as a vector - Define a force and calculate its -Precision measures
Representation town, country -Identification of in of different
or continent magnitude calculation lengths
and forces
transformation -Determine - Use diagrams to illustrate forces
of plane shapes -Draw model measure of acting in real life situations -Critical -
within the of a building similar - Find the horizontal and vertical thinking Geometrica
environment containers; -Resolving forces l
-Travelling Recognition of components of every force and -Scientific instrument
plane shapes equally the component parallel to method s
-Demarcation and an inclined plane.
of land transformation -Set square
boundaries within the - Illustrate geometrically and
environment -Resultant of coplanar calculate magnitude of resultant
-Housing in forces force
an estate -Apply Lami’s theorem in solving
-Constructing problems -Ability to -Cartesian
houses of Lami’s theorem -Apply the knowledge of triangle of visualize plane,
same size and forces in solving problems graph
type; -Moment of a force - Determine the direction of the -Ability to papers,
resultant. reason and square
justify boards,
- Derive the equation of line of geoboards,
action of a force - -Sense of straight
Scale drawing - Define vector product appreciatio edge
n topographi
Representation -Art or design cal maps,
and -Cut out into - State and use condition for real life
transformation similar shapes; coplanar forces to form a couple situations
of plane shapes - Find the couple and its
within the
- Couples
magnitude.
environment
–State and use the condition for
forces to be in equilibrium and
Production of -Forces in equilibrium show that coplanar forces are in
plane shapes equilibrium.
-Carpeting and -Parallel forces and
-Designing a putting a Couples
sport complex ceiling; – State law of friction
-Displacing a - Calculate the coefficient of static
log of wood friction
using a -Friction
crowbar; -Calculate the angle of friction
- Draw diagram to illustrate a
ladder/rod indicating all the forces
acting on it.
-Draw a
motive for - Resolve these forces vertically
decoration; and horizontally.
- Equilibrium of
- Take moments about an axis
-Mapping a particles and rigid
town bodies under the through a convenient point: either
-Building -Find area of a action of coplanar about the contact of ladder with a
theatre stage;
-Surveying forces floor or with a wall.
- -State Hooke’s law
Determination -Draw the plan - Define the spring constant
of measures for a house; -Hooke’s laws
- Define and use modulus of
-Find height of elasticity
a building or - Calculate energy in an elastic
of a flag pole 𝜆𝑥
string (Using the relation: 𝑇 = )
or of a radio 𝑙
aerial; - Calculate work done
𝜆𝑥 2
(𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑒 = )
-Find distance 2𝑙
-Painting and Recognition of -Determine 6.3 WORK, ENERGY, -Sense of -Metre rule
tiling plane shapes measure of POWER order
-Drawing the and similar -Work ; - Derive Newton’s equations of -Tape
map of a transformation containers; -Work done against motion -Precision measures
Representation town, country within the gravity - Define work done in of different
and or continent environment -Constructing - Calculate work done by a force calculation lengths
-work done by variable
transformation houses of
force through a given distance;
of plane shapes -Draw model same size and -Critical -
within the of a building type; -Calculate work done against gravity; - thinking Geometrica
environment l
- Calculate the rate of work done
-Travelling -Cut out into -Scientific instrument
similar shapes; -Energy; - State the law of conservation of method s
-Demarcation -Conservation of energy energy
of land - -Ability to -Set square
boundaries Scale drawing -Draw a visualize
-Housing in motive for - Calculate the kinetic and potential -Cartesian
an estate decoration; energy possessed by a body; -Ability to plane,
-Art or design -Find area of a reason and graph
- Find the work done by a force in
-Designing a theatre stage; vector form. justify papers,
sport complex -Draw the plan square
Representation -Mapping a for a house; Define power -Sense of boards,
and town -Find height of – Use Power- Force-Velocity appreciatio geoboards,
transformation -Building Production of a building or - Power; relationship to calculate the power of n straight
of plane shapes plane shapes of a flag pole - Power and velocity an engine edge
within the -Surveying or of a radio - Find the maximum speed of a car or topographi
environment aerial; body moving up or down a slope, on cal maps,
Determination -Find distance the level plane, working at a given real life
of measures constant rate situations
- Find the non-gravitational
resistances to motions of cars given
necessary conditions.
- Calculate the rate at which a pump is

working (raising or ejecting water)
- Pumping water or
Water jets (Ejecting
water)
MODULE 7: DYNAMICS

TABLE 7: MUDULE 7: DYNAMICS: UPPER SIXTH FORM
-Painting and -Determine 7.1 NEWTON’S LAWS -Sense of -Metre rule
tiling measure of OF MOTION. order
similar - Newton’s laws of - State Newton’s laws -Tape
containers; motion - Apply knowledge of rectilinear -Precision measures
-Drawing the Recognition of - Equations of motion for motion. in of different
map of a plane shapes -Constructing a particle in one or two - Apply Newton’s law of motion calculation lengths
town, country and houses of dimensions under i.e. F  R  ma
or continent transformatio same size and constant forces. - Set up and solve equations of -Critical -
n within the type; motion for a particle in one or two thinking Geometrica
environment dimensions under constant forces. l
-Solve problems involving: -Scientific instrument
a) variable motion method s
b) constant motion.
-Draw model -Cut out into -Ability to -Set square
of a building similar shapes; 7.2 Motion of connected visualize
particles -Calculate speed, distance moved -Cartesian
Representa - Pulley systems (Smooth by particles from some point. -Ability to plane,
tion and Scale drawing fixed) reason and graph
transforma - Horizontal and inclined - Use the assumption that all justify papers,
tion of planes (Smooth or rough) connected bodies have the same square
plane - Motion in one speed and acceleration to solve -Sense of boards,
shapes -Travelling -Carpeting and dimension when forces problems appreciatio geoboards,
within the putting a on each particle are (Only task involving smooth fixed n straight
environme ceiling; constant pulleys) edge
nt - Motion under a force topographi
Production of which changes from one cal maps,
-Demarcation plane shapes constant value to real life
of land another. situations
boundaries 7.3 MOMENTUM AS
TABLE 7: MUDULE 7: DYNAMICS: UPPER SIXTH FORM
A VECTOR - Define momentum and state its -Metre rule
-Displacing a - Definition and SI unit. -Sense of
log of wood examples -State and apply the principle of order -Tape
using a measures
- Principle of conservation of linear
crowbar; -Precision of different
conservation of linear momentum to solve problems in lengths
-Housing in an momentum. on direct impact calculation
estate -Draw a -Define impulse and state its SI -
motive for unit -Critical Geometrica
Determination decoration; - Impulse -Give examples of direct impact. thinking l
of measures - Determine the nature of a instrument
-Find area of a - direct impact of elastic -Scientific s
collision (elastic or inelastic
theatre stage; bodies method
collision) -Set square
-Art or design -State newton’s law of -Ability to
-Draw the plan restitution visualize -Cartesian
for a house; -Newton’s law of - Find the loss or gain in KE due plane,
restitution to collision. graph
- Find the impulse exerted by papers,
-Find height of square
one body on the other.
a building or boards,
-Designing a of a flag pole – Calculate the impulse exerted geoboards,
sport complex or of a radio . on a body due to collision. straight
aerial; -Use law of conservation of edge
-Mapping a -Find distance linear momentum alongside topographi
town the restitution equation in direct cal maps,
-Building real life
impact between particles or
situations
-Surveying particle and a surface
-Calculate kinetic energy loss
due to impact(s).
MODULE 8: PROBABILITY
CREDIT: 19 hrs/ 9 periods of 50 minutes each a week

TABLE 8: MODULE 8: PROBABILITY: UPPER SIXTH FORM
-Census of a Organisati -Record yearly 8.1 ELEMENTARY -Define basic terms like: trial, -Sense of
population by on, rainfall PROBABILITY. outcome, event, biased, etc order
some presentati -Record - Probability -Interpret statistical experiments
characteristics on and production of terminology -Identify outcomes of statistical -Precision
such as sex, age exploitatio crude oil by some - Empirical or experiments in
group, n of countries experimental method of -Define probability space and calculatio Coins,
profession, informatio -Compile results obtaining probabilities possibility space n packs of
religion etc. n (exams, elections (tossing coins and dice, - State sample space for a simple playing
etc) drawing cards…). statistical experiment -Critical cards,
-Demographic -Make a choice -Possibility space and - Distinguish between an event thinking dice,
growth -Results of probability space for and a sample space marbles,
Organisation of Interpretat football matches such experiments - Use Venn and lattice grid -Scientific balls,
information and -Classification of ion of -Display month’s - Classical definition of diagrams to represent sample method shapes,
estimation of football teams results sales by a shop space ….
probability
quantities in the -Compare - Define and calculate the -Ability to
consumption of -Opinion polls production or - Probability of an event probability of an event. visualize
goods and on a new events - State the probability scale
Probability laws
services product or new -Forecast weather 0≤ 𝑝(𝐴) ≤ 1 -Ability to
- Limit law (probability
policy or election result - Deduce and apply the reason
scale)
-Record number and
- Complementary events complement of an event.
-Evolution of the of accidents by P(A/) = 1- P(A) justify
-Compound events
budget of a Taking motor cars - Calculate the probabilities of
country due to chances -Choose a career compound events (Can extend to -Sense of
economic appreciati
three sets)
growth on
𝑝(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐵) − 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
-The occurrence of only - Calculate the occurrence of only

one of two events one of two events
P  A  B   P  A  P  A  B 
-Mutually exclusive
TABLE 8: MODULE 8: PROBABILITY: UPPER SIXTH FORM
Census of a Organisati events -Define mutually exclusive -Sense of
population by on, Record yearly events-State and apply the order
some presentati rainfall additive law P  A  B   P  A  P  B 
characteristics on and -Record -Exhaustive events -Precision
such as sex, age exploitatio production of -Define exhaustive events in
group, n of crude oil by some -Deduce and use the rule calculatio
profession, informatio countries - Conditional probability P  A1  A2  ...  An   1 n
religion etc. n -Compile results - State and apply the formula
(exams, elections P  A  B -Critical Coins,
-Demographic etc) -Independent events P  A / B  thinking packs of
P  B
growth -Make a choice and their applications playing
Interpretat -Results of -Use the multiplication rule -Scientific cards,
-Classification of ion of football matches P  A  B   P  A  P  B  method dice,
football teams results -Display month’s -State condition for two events to marbles,
sales by a shop be independent -Ability to balls,
Organisation of -Opinion polls -Compare P  A  B  P  A / B P  B visualize shapes,
information and on a new production or
-Solve problems involving
estimation of product or new events -Ability to
sampling with and without
quantities in the policy -Forecast weather reason
consumption of or election result -Probability Trees replacement and
goods and -Evolution of the -Record number -Draw and use tree diagrams with justify
services budget of a Taking of accidents by - Use of permutations not more than three branches.
country due to chances motor cars and combinations to -Use permutations and -Sense of
economic -Choose a career calculate probability appreciati
combinations to calculate
growth on
probabilities.
𝑃(𝐴𝑖/𝐵) =
Bayes’ theorem 𝑃(𝐵/𝐴𝑖 )𝑃(𝐴𝑖 )
𝑃(𝐵/𝐴1 )𝑃(𝐴! )+𝑃(𝐵/𝐴2 )𝑃(𝐴2 )+..+𝑃(𝐵/𝐴𝑛 )𝑃(𝐴𝑛 )
Where 𝐴1 , … , 𝐴𝑛 are 𝑛 mutually
exclusive and exhaustive events.
- Apply probability to real life
situations
Article 2: This syllabus shall go into operation following the time schedule below:
Academic year 2019 – 2020 Lower Sixth Science
2020 – 2021 Upper Sixth Science
Article 3: This syllabus replaces all existing syllabuses for the teaching of Pure Mathematics with Mechanics in the Lower Sixth
Science (LSS) and Upper Sixth Science (USS) Forms of Secondary General Education.
Article 4: The Secretary General, the Inspector General of Education, the Inspector Coordinator General in Charge of the
Teaching of Sciences, the Registrar of the Cameroon General Certificate of Education Board (CGCEB), the Director of Secondary
General Education, the Director of Private Education, Regional Delegates for Secondary Education, Divisional Delegates for
Secondary Education, Education Secretaries of various Lay and Confessional Education Agencies, Principals and Teachers of
public and private schools, each in their sphere of competence, are responsible for the strict implementation of this order which
shall be registered and published in the Official Gazette in English and in French.
Done in Yaoundé, on the
The Minister of Secondary Education

CC:
-PRC;
-PM;
-MINESEC/CAB/IGE/Directorates;
-Ministry of Higher Education;
-Regional Delegations of MINESEC;
-National Representatives of Organisations of Private Education;
-Offices of Education Secretaries of Lay and Confessional Education Agencies;
-Schools/Institutions concerned;
-Archives;
-Chrono.

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REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON REPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN

Peace – Work - Fatherland Paix – Travail – Patrie

MINISTRY OF SECONDARY EDUCATION

PURE MATHEMATICS WITH MECHANICS

INSPECTORATE OF PEDAGOGY IN CHARGE OF SCIENCES

SUBJECT: PURE MATHEMATICS WITH MECHANICS

Classes: Lower Sixth and Upper Sixth

TOTAL NUMBER OF TEACHING HOURS FOR EACH LEVEL A YEAR: 248hrs

NUMBER OF PERIODS A WEEK: 9 periods of 50mins each (450 minutes)

OUTCOMES OR PROFILES OF THE LEARNER

2 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY BIOLOGY BIOLOGY

3 PHYSICS BIOLOGY CHEMISTRY GEOLOGY/GEOGRAPHY

3 Philosophy Philosophy Philosophy Philosophy

4 General English General English General English General English

5 General French General French General French General French

DOMAINS OF LIFE AND CONTRIBUTION OF SYLLABUS TO DOMAINS OF LIFE:

FAMILIES OF SITUATIONS COVERED IN THIS PROGRAM OF STUDY

{} ℕ = {0, 1, 2, 3, … } the set of The set of natural numbers  is an element of

n(A) the number of elements in the set A  is not an element of

{x : } the set of all x such that  is a subset of

𝑓: 𝑥 ↦ 𝑦 f is a function under which x is mapped onto y 𝑓𝑔 the function f composed with g

[a, b) or [𝑎, 𝑏[ {𝑥: 𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 < 𝑏} p not p

(a, b) or ]𝑎, 𝑏[ {𝑥: 𝑎 < 𝑥 < 𝑏} pq p implies q

p implies and is implied by q or

MODULE 1: ALGEBRA AND LOGIC.

CONTRIBUTION OF MODULE TO OUTCOME AND CURRICULUM GOALS

CONTRIBUTION OF MODULE TO LEARNING AREA

Table 1: MODULE 1: ALGEBRA AND LOGIC: LOWER SIXTH FORM

- System of - Solve a system of three

Travelling Interpretatio Decide on the 1.2 INEQUALITIES ;

Organisatio -Census of a Organisation, -Record yearly 1.7 BINOMIAL -Calculator

-Surjective, -State the properties to show that a

CONTRIBUTION OF MODULE TO OUTCOME AND CURRICULUM GOALS

CONTRIBUTION OF MODULE TO AREAS OF LIVING

-Vertical Define and apply the geometric

Standard Series to interpret

CONTRIBUTION OF MODULE TO OUTCOME AND CURRICULUM GOALS

CONTRIBUTION OF MODULE TO LEARNING AREA

 Develop the ability to visualize, reason and justify,

-Calculate the scalar triple and

-Differentiate inverse trigonometric

CREDIT: 83hrs/ 9 periods of 50 minutes each per week

De Moivre’s theorem -Use De Moivre’s theorem

-Evaluate the cube roots of any

CREDIT: 43 hours / 9 periods of 50 minutes each a week

Representation -Draw model for a house; velocity(v), -Scientific

Representation -Painting and 5.2 KINEMATICS OF -Sense of -Metre rule

-Surveying speed and linear r

CREDIT: 60 hours / 9 periods of 50 minutes each a week

- Calculate the rate at which a pump is

CREDIT: 43 hours / 9 periods of 50 minutes each a week

CREDIT: 19 hrs/ 9 periods of 50 minutes each a week

-The occurrence of only - Calculate the occurrence of only

Done in Yaoundé, on the

The Minister of Secondary Education

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