Practice l12 c3 Dialects Key

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Language 321 L12, C3

Practice activity (Answer key)


(30 minutes)

I View the language/dialect and Spanish dialects video segments and ponder the principles and
features that constitute regional dialects of a language. (10 minutes)

II Prepare the exercises below as directed. (20 minutes)


A) Briefy respond to the following questions
1. What is a dialect?
The distinctive use of a language by a group of speakers in a particular area

2. How do dialects relate to a language?


Dialects are varieties of a common language, and thus share the same basic structure.

3. What distinguishes dialects from languages?


The most important distinguishing criterion is mutual comprehensibility. If 2 different
communication systems are NOT mutually comprehensible they are distinct languages,
otherwise they are merely dialects of the same language.

4. Which aspects of language help define a dialect?


Every aspect studied in this course: spelling, pronunciation, word formation, order,
meaning, and vocabulary

5. Why do dialects develop?


Language change is constant and continual but occurs in different ways from one
community to another, which results in divergence.

6. What dialects of your L2 did you hear on your mission?


(answers will vary)

B) Correct these popular, but erroneous, ideas about dialects.


1. Dialects represent an inferior or degenerative form of a language.
Dialects are merely different language forms. Inferior and degenerative are subjective
terms that represent personal opinion rather than reality.

2. The Spanish conquistadors encountered many corrupt dialects in the Americas.


The many pre-Columbian indigenous groups actually spoke different languages, distinct
from Spanish and among themselves.

3. ESL teachers should not expose students to their own peculiar dialect.
While ESL teachers should teach standard/normative language (the topic of next class),
they can only model the dialect of language that is natural to them, i.e. – what they
learned and subconsciously use.
4. Language authorities should ban regional dialects to maintain the purity of a language.
Dialects enrich rather than diminish a language. Language is a democratic system that
responds to the needs/habits of its users, and since these vary across geography dialects
will naturally develop.

5. We speak the real language here and everywhere else you just hear dialects.
This is an ethno-linguistic notion that is unresolvable since most (if not all) speakers may
think the same way. Language is an abstraction so everyone speaks some dialect of a
language.

C) Listen to the video segments of spoken American English and identify the main pronunciation
features that characterize the New England and Southern accents.
Vowels are the most common feature distinguishing regional American English accents.
New England Southern
/ɑ/  [] law, officer, daughter, called /ɑ/  [ɑ: ] time, why, I, my, guys
h

//  [ ] New York, support


()
//  [:h] governer, done, judge

D) How would the ideas represented by the following British Nouns be expressed in American
English? You may need to look up their meanings online.
1. queue (line) 5. crisps (chips)
2. lift (elevator) 6. pram (baby stroller)
3. lorry (truck) 7. torch (flashlight)
4. spanner (wrench) 8. power point (outlet)

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