Senior High School

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII - Central Visayas
DIVISION OF LAPU-LAPU CITY
PAJO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Learning Activity Sheet (LAS)

Health Optimizing Physical
Education (HOPE) 4
PERSONAL SAFETY PROTOCOL
TO AVOID DEHYDRATION,
OVEREXERTION, HYPO- AND
HYPERTHERMIA

Grade Level: Grade 12

Core Subject: Health Optimizing Physical Education (HOPE) 4
Outdoor Recreational Activity

Quarter: 4
MODULE 2

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 I. DEHYDRATION, OVEREXERTION, HYPO- AND HYPERTHERMIA

• Most Essential Learning Competency:

➢ Observes personal safety protocol to avoid dehydration, overexertion,
hypo- and hyperthermia during MVPA participation.

Learning Task 1
Explain the picture below.

Guide question:
1. What have you observed with the picture? ___________________________
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2. What does the pictures mean to you? How it affects when you engage
in your recreational activity? _______________________________________________
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CONCEPT NOTES
Dehydration is a state that happens when the loss of body fluids, mostly
water, exceeds the amount that is taken in. With dehydration, more water is
moving out of our cells and bodies than what we take in through drinking.
Overexertion injuries can occur when the body is hard-pressed further
than its limits during exhausting or extreme exercise and may come in the
form of any exercise greater than the capacity of an individual to handle.
Hypothermia is a life-threatening and serious condition that occurs when
your body loses heat faster than it can produce heat, causing your body
temperature to drop below 95 °F (35 °C). Exposure to cold air or water are
the most common causes of hypothermia which is why it afflicts unprepared
campers, hikers, or swimmers.
Hyperthermia refers to a group of heat-related conditions characterized by
an abnormally high body temperature. Hyperthermia is a result of the body
being over heated. The condition occurs when the body’s heat-regulation
system becomes overwhelmed by outside factors, causing a person’s internal
temperature to rise. People with some levels of hyperthermia have a body
temperature of more than 100.4°F (38°C). The safe range of temperature for
bath water is between 98–100 °F.

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Discovery
Dehydration can be a severe condition that can lead to problems ranging
from swollen feet or a headache to serious illnesses such as heat stroke.
The signs and symptoms of dehydration range from minor to severe and
may include;
Increased thirst
Dry mouth swollen tongue
Weakness
Dizziness
Palpitation or the feeling that the heart is jumping or pounding
Confusion
Slowness
Fainting
Incapability to sweat
Decreased urine excretion
Below are steps you can take to prevent OVEREXERTION.
Know your limits – pace yourself and know when to say “enough”
Stretch and warm-up before heavy lifting
Lift properly – Avoid back injuries by lifting with your legs bent, keep the
object close to your body.
Set obtainable goals
Proper nutrition Listen to your body – If something hurts never ignore it
as taking a small injury or a small ache or pain for granted may end up
turning into a much bigger problem.
Signs and Symptoms of Hypothermia
Shivering, which may stop as hypothermia progresses (Shivering is
actually a good sign that a person's heat regulation systems are still active.)
Slow, shallow breathing
Confusion and memory loss
Drowsiness or exhaustion
Slurred or mumbled speech
Loss of coordination, fumbling hands, stumbling steps
A slow, weak pulse

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 In severe hypothermia, a person may be unconscious without obvious
signs of breathing or a pulse Treatment
Remove any wet clothes, hats, gloves, shoes, and socks.
Protect the person against wind, drafts, and further heat loss with warm,
dry clothes and blankets.
Move gently to a warm, dry shelter as soon as possible.
Begin rewarming the person with extra clothing.
Offer warm liquids, but avoid alcohol and caffeine, which speed up heat
loss. Don't try to give fluids to an unconscious person.
Signs and Symptoms of Hyperthermia
The symptoms of hyperthermia depend on the stage it has reached or how
much the body is overheated. Symptoms of overheating may develop very
quickly or over the course of hours or days.
Types of hyperthermia and their associated symptoms include:
1. Heat fatigue and cramps - This stage of hyperthermia causes:
• excessive sweating
• exhaustion
• flushed or red skin
• muscle cramps, spasm, and pain
• headache or mild light-headedness nausea
Treatment
• Rest briefly and cool down
• Drink clear juice or an electrolyte-containing sports drink
• Practice gentle, range-of-motion stretching and gentle massage of
the affected muscle group
• Don't resume strenuous activity for several hours or longer after
heat cramps go away
• Call your doctor if your cramps don't go away within one hour or so
2. Heat exhaustion. Heat exhaustion, if left untreated, can lead to heat
stroke, which is a life-threatening condition.
Symptoms of heat exhaustion include: cold, pale, wet skin, fast but weak
pulse, headache, exhaustion, dizziness, extreme or heavy sweating nausea,
vomiting, and diarrhea, muscle cramps, temporarily fainting or losing
consciousness, weakness, intense thirst, difficulty paying attention,
concentrating less frequent urination, dark urine

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Treatment of heat exhaustion
• Rest in a cool place
• Drink cool fluids
• Try cooling measures
• Loosen clothing
3. Heat stroke. Without treatment, heat stroke can lead to dangerous
complications, especially in young children, those whose immune
system is compromised, and people over 65 years of age. Temperature
and many of the other early signs of heat stroke are the same as those
for heat exhaustion.
• fast, strong pulse or very weak pulse
• fast, deep breathing
• reduced sweating
• hot, red, wet, or dry skin
• nausea
• headache
• dizziness
• confusion
• disorientation blurred vision
• irritability or mood swings
• lack of coordination
• fainting or losing consciousness
Treatment
• Move the person into a cool place, out of direct sunlight.
• Remove the person's unnecessary clothing
• Cool the person's entire body by sponging or spraying cold water.
• Apply ice packs in each armpit and on the back of the person's neck.

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Learning Task 2.

Learning Task 3
Directions. Students will group themselves. Minimum of five members,
maximum of 8 members. They will choose Hypothermia, hyperthermia,
overexertion, dehydration topic to explain their insights about the topic.
You chose a creative presentation like reporting, role play, vlog, and talk
show and submit it in video form. Video must be at least 2 minutes;
maximum is three minutes.
Guide in creating your video.
1. Explain or discuss only one topic. Choose from these topics
Hypothermia, hyperthermia, overexertion, dehydration (Description,
symptoms, safety).
2. Cite a scenario, while engaging into aquatic activities, you experience
the physiological indicators like Hypothermia, hyperthermia,
overexertion, dehydration, what are you going to do or how to prevent.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region VII - Central Visayas
DIVISION OF LAPU-LAPU CITY
PAJO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Subject: HOPE 4 Grade Level: 12

Quarter: 4 Week: 3-4

Name: __________________________Grade/Strand: _________Score: _________

Parent’s/Guardian’s Name & Signature: ___________ Date Submitted: _______
LEARNING TASKS 4: Read the question properly and choose the best
answer. Copy and answer.
Assessment
1. When a person trains or exercises greater than his/her capacity to
handle, what would be the MOST possible injury he/she might experience?
A. Dehydration C. Hypothermia
B. Hyperthermia D. Overexertion
2. What is likely to happen when body fluids are lost during exercise
through sweat, breath, and urine?
A. Dehydration C. Hypothermia
B. Hyperthermia D. Overexertion
3. Which of the following is a factor that can cause overexertion?
A. Loss of fluids
B. Training in a cold environment
C. Training might be too frequent
D. Losing too much water and heating up
4. How do you classify a person’s injury of losing too much water and
heating up because of exercise?
A. Dehydration C. Hypothermia
B. Hyperthermia D. Overexertion
5. During early stages of hypothermia, heart rate will
A. stop B. increase C. decrease D. stay the same
6. What is the safe range of temperature for bath water?
A. Between 58 and 70 °F C. Between 68 and 80 °F
B. Between 98 and 100 °F D. Between 158 and 200 °F
7. Hypothermia is classified as a body temperature less than how many
degrees Fahrenheit?
A. 95 °F B. 98.6 °F C. 100 °F D. 105 °F

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8. Hyperthermia is defined as a temperature above which point in degrees
Celsius?
A. 39 °C B. 41 °C C. 49 °C D. 38 °C
9. When a person is losing too much water and heating up because of
exercise, what injury is he experiencing?
A. Dehydration C. Hypothermia
B. Hyperthermia D. Overexertion
10. If you train in a cold environment, what would be the MOST possible
injury or illness you might suffer?
A. Dehydration C. Hypothermia
B. Hyperthermia D. Overexertion

REFLECTION (3- 5 sentences). 5 points

I have learned that ________________________________________________________
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