This document discusses adjectives and adverbs. It begins by explaining how most adverbs are formed from adjectives by adding suffixes like -ly. It distinguishes between adjectives, which describe nouns, and adverbs, which describe verbs. It also notes that some adjectives and adverbs have the same form. The document then discusses how adverbs can describe adjectives, past participles, and other adverbs. It provides examples of verbs qualified by adjectives rather than adverbs. Finally, it distinguishes between using the adjective "good" and the adverb "well".
This document discusses adjectives and adverbs. It begins by explaining how most adverbs are formed from adjectives by adding suffixes like -ly. It distinguishes between adjectives, which describe nouns, and adverbs, which describe verbs. It also notes that some adjectives and adverbs have the same form. The document then discusses how adverbs can describe adjectives, past participles, and other adverbs. It provides examples of verbs qualified by adjectives rather than adverbs. Finally, it distinguishes between using the adjective "good" and the adverb "well".
This document discusses adjectives and adverbs. It begins by explaining how most adverbs are formed from adjectives by adding suffixes like -ly. It distinguishes between adjectives, which describe nouns, and adverbs, which describe verbs. It also notes that some adjectives and adverbs have the same form. The document then discusses how adverbs can describe adjectives, past participles, and other adverbs. It provides examples of verbs qualified by adjectives rather than adverbs. Finally, it distinguishes between using the adjective "good" and the adverb "well".
This document discusses adjectives and adverbs. It begins by explaining how most adverbs are formed from adjectives by adding suffixes like -ly. It distinguishes between adjectives, which describe nouns, and adverbs, which describe verbs. It also notes that some adjectives and adverbs have the same form. The document then discusses how adverbs can describe adjectives, past participles, and other adverbs. It provides examples of verbs qualified by adjectives rather than adverbs. Finally, it distinguishes between using the adjective "good" and the adverb "well".
Presentation a Form of adverbs Most adverbs can be formed by adding -ly, -y, -ally, or -ily, depending on the spelling of the adjective or noun on which they are based: expensive/expensively full/fully dramatic/dramatically day/daily Some adverbs and adjectives have the same form. Common examples of these are:
daily early fast hard
late monthly quarterly weekly
Some words ending in -ly are adjectives and have no corresponding adverbs. Common examples are friendly, elderly, lonely, silly, costly.
b Adjectives vs adverbs Adjectives describe nouns. Adverbs describe verbs. adjective: We’ve had a dramatic increase in our orders. (Gives more information about the noun increase.) adverb: Our orders have increased dramatically. (Gives more information about the verb have increased.)
c Adverbs + adjectives Adverbs can also describe adjectives, past participles, and other adverbs: adverb + adjective: She is extremely intelligent. adverb + past participle: She’s well paid. adverb + adverb: She does her job absolutely brilliantly.
d Verbs and adjectives
Some verbs are qualified by adjectives rather than adverbs. Most of these are verbs of appearance or verbs of the senses:
appear be become feel get
look seem smell taste sound
You look exhausted. Why don’t you take the rest of the day off? (not:* look exhaustedly) He sounded very angry on the phone. (not: *sounded angrily)
e Good and well
Good is an adjective. Well is an irregular adverb. Mr Hajimoto is a good golfer. (adjective + noun) Mr Hajimoto plays golf well. (verb + adverb) The word well can also be an adjective meaning in good health: She’s gone to see the doctor because she isn’t well.
1 When you get to New York, give me a ring to let me know you’ve arrived safely. 2 The Economic Review is published , and comes out in March, June, September, and December. 3 Trains in Japan arrive so that you can set your watch by them. 4 The train to the airport arrived , and as a result I very nearly missed the plane. 5 Most stockbrokers will buy and sell shares in -quoted companies. 6 Before privatization, many nationalized industries were subsidized by the government. 7 He was not in a hurry, so he waited until the client was ready to see him. 8 The new motor is very quiet, and at most speeds it operates almost .
EXERCISE 2 Adjectives vs adverbs
Look at the graph showing trends in the share price of a telecoms company. Rewrite the sentences using verbs and adverbs. 1 There was a sudden fall in the shares in March. In March the shares fell suddenly. 2 There was a brief recovery in April. In April they . 3 In June there was a dramatic collapse. In June they . 4 There was a considerable fall in July. In July they . 5 There was only a slight fall in August. In August they only . 6 There was a steady improvement in September and October. In September and October they . 7 There was a gradual improvement from mid-November. From mid-November, they .
2 The results at the end of the year were ; certainly much better than we had thought. 3 The bank decided that the project was not , so they refused to given them a loan. 4 Insider dealing is . If they catch you, you could go to prison. 5 The engine on the XR86 was very , and the car soon gained a reputation for unreliability. 6 He spoke , so I couldn’t really understand what he was saying.
EXERCISE 4 Adjective or adverb?
Read the newspaper review of a new product available in supermarkets. Choose either an adjective or an adverb from the words in italics.
TOKYO KITCHEN’S latest offering for 9 special/specially in Japan and which
lovers of Japanese food is an is now 10 wide/widely available at major 1 attractive/attractively packaged supermarkets and delicatessens. selection of sushi. The sushi rice was Presentation: 9/10 2 excellent/excellently – unlike some Flavour: 7/10 Value: 9/10 other brands, where the rice is too Overall Rating: 8/10 3 soft/softly. The 4 raw/rawly salmon
tasted 5 fresh/freshly, and the only
problem was the octopus which was a little 6 tough/toughly. All in all a 7 nice/nicely presented pack and
very 8 competitive/competitively priced. To accompany the dish, try Yamasa Sushi Soya Sauce which is made
EXERCISE 5 Good and well
Complete the sentences with either well or good. 1 Did you have a good flight? 2 I’ve been learning English for three years, so I speak it quite . 3 He’s on sick leave at the moment, but it won’t be long before he’s enough to return to work. 4 The magazine gave their latest fridge-freezers a very review. 5 I think it would be a idea to discuss this at next week’s meeting. 6 Jane and I are old friends. We know each other very . 7 The new computer system seems to be working .
Dear Mr Jamil I am writing with reference to a 1 recent/recently shipment of 16 M-113 air conditioning units which we received on Tuesday 18 May from your Istanbul factory. Unfortunately three of the units are not working 2 proper/properly. One of them may have been broken in transit as the packing case was 3 bad/badly dented, and I suggest you take this matter up with your insurers. The other two looked 4 fine/finely, but when we tested them, they sounded very 5 noisy/noisily and the
cooling systems seemed very 6 ineffective/ineffectively. I am therefore arranging
for the three units to be returned to you 7 immediate/immediately. I would be 8 grateful/gratefully if you could send us three new units as soon as possible as
the 9 warm/warmly weather is approaching and we are expecting a 10 strong/strongly
demand for air conditioners in the next few weeks. I look forward to hearing from you.
Fatima Hussein Manager
TASK 2 Write short sentences connected to the words in brackets about a product or service you received that was unsatisfactory. In each sentence, underline the adjective or adverb that you use. 1 (a repair) I had to take my car back to the garage because the power steering wasn’t working properly. 2 (a financial service – bank, etc.) 3 (a product you bought) 4 (food or drink) 5 (a problem on holiday) 6 (transport)
TASK 3 Write a short extract from a sales letter to a potential customer describing one of the products or services you offer. I would like to tell you about
