eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.

SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 3 of 25

Consulted Distribution List

Date Name Surname/Business Unit Company

S. Gree Babu /MECC/TEIN eni/ITEM

C. R. Callari /TEEL/TEIN eni/ITEM
R. Scanferlini /TEEL/TEIN eni/ITEM
N. Mancini /TEFA/TEIN eni/ITEM
M. Negretti /TEIMA/TEIN eni/ITEM
P. Cavassi /TEMC/TEIN eni/ITEM
F. Locati /TEMC/TEIN eni/ITEM
R. D’Ambra /TEPI/TEIN eni/ITEM
A. Roman Herrera /TEPI/TEIN eni/ITEM
W. Manghisi /TESA/TEIN eni/ITEM
S. Mollica/TEIMA/TEIN eni/ITEM
P. Bussini /TEOF/INSU eni/ITEM
F. Artuso /COETA/ENTA eni/ITEM
A. Dubey /COETA/ENTA eni/ITEM
A. Amati Tecnomare
S. Edoro Tecnomare
L. Malaguti Tecnomare
C. Patanè Tecnomare
E. Palumbo Tecnomare
P. Gatto Tecnomare
A. Bertolotti Tecnomare
F. Daffonchio Tecnomare
F. Mastai Tecnomare

Informed Distribution List

Date Name Surname/Business Unit Company

M. Barbieri /ENTA eni/ITEM
I. Hashi Omar /COETA/ENTA eni/ITEM
P. Woolfall eee&p
M Monteleone Tecnomare

REVISION TRACKING

Rev 02: Actual revision is of 26 pages.

This revision is in compliance with API 537 (2nd Edition, December 2008) and API 521 (6th
Edition, January 2014).
Its purpose is to outline the company requirements for the design, manufacture, inspection
and testing of Flares and Vent Stacks in all project phases.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 4 of 25

Rev. 01: Revision of 23 pages.

Title: “Gas Plant. Atmospheric Vent Flares Extinguishing System.”

INFORMATION REQUEST

Il personale eni può accedere ai company standard tramite il seguente link:

http://wwweandp.eni.it/TSServices/ITEM/Standards-/Normalizat/Documents-/index.asp

Gli utenti esterni devono fare riferimento al Project Engineering Manager.

Per informazioni relative ai contenuti tecnici del documento si può fare riferimento alle persone
indicate come responsible e accountable nella precedente tabella RACIE oppure al Technical
Authority coordinator (COETA).

eni personnel can access Company standard repository at:

http://wwweandp.eni.it/TSServices/ITEM/Standards-/Normalizat/Documents-/index.asp

External user shall refer to the Project Engineer Manager.

For information about the content of this standard, please refer to responsible and accountable
person as per above RACIE table or to Technical Authority coordinator (COETA).

GERARCHIA DI VALIDITÀ / HIERARCHY OF REGULATIONS

1. Disposizioni di legge della nazione ove le attrezzature e i materiali sono installati

2. Secifche di Progetto e Fogli Dati
3. Specifiche di società
4. Norme e Codici Internazionali

1. Local Regulations of the Country where the equipment is installed;

2. Project Specifications and Data Sheets;
3. Company General Specifications;
4. International Codes & Standards

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 5 of 25

TABLE OF CONTENTS 
1.  INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 7 
1.1  PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................................................. 7 
1.2  DEFINITIONS AND TERMS ........................................................................................................................................ 7 
1.3  ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................................................... 7 
1.4  UNITS OF MEASUREMENT....................................................................................................................................... 8 
2.  GENERAL ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 
2.1  COMPANY SPECIFICATIONS & STANDARDS .................................................................................................................. 9 
2.2  INTERNATIONAL CODES AND STANDARDS ................................................................................................................... 9 
3.  DESIGN ........................................................................................................................................................ 10 
3.1  ELEVATED FLARES ............................................................................................................................................... 10 
3.2  VENT STACKS ..................................................................................................................................................... 10 
3.3  GROUND FLARES................................................................................................................................................. 11 
3.4  BURN PITS ......................................................................................................................................................... 11 
4.  PIPING, TERMINALS AND MANIFOLDS ......................................................................................................... 11 
4.1  GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................................... 11 
4.2  ALLOWABLE MOMENTS AND LOADS ........................................................................................................................ 12 
4.3  MATERIALS ........................................................................................................................................................ 12 
5.  STRUCTURES AND SUPPORTS ...................................................................................................................... 12 
5.1  SUPPORTING STRUCTURES .................................................................................................................................... 13 
5.2  GUY‐WIRE SUPPORTS .......................................................................................................................................... 14 
5.3  LADDERS AND PLATFORMS .................................................................................................................................... 14 
5.4  MATERIALS ........................................................................................................................................................ 14 
6.  STACK, RISERS AND PILOT LINES .................................................................................................................. 15 
6.1  DESIGN ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 
6.2  MATERIALS ........................................................................................................................................................ 16 
6.2.1  Riser ........................................................................................................................................................ 16 
6.2.2  Pilot Lines ............................................................................................................................................... 16 
6.2.3  Ignition Lines .......................................................................................................................................... 16 
6.2.4  Steam Lines Ring Manifold ..................................................................................................................... 16 
7.  SEALS .......................................................................................................................................................... 16 
7.1  GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................................... 16 
7.2  DESIGN FOR INTERNAL PRESSURE ........................................................................................................................... 17 
8.  TIPS ............................................................................................................................................................. 18 
8.1  GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................................... 18 
8.2  DESIGN FOR INTERNAL PRESSURE ........................................................................................................................... 18 
8.3  REFRACTORY ON TIPS ........................................................................................................................................... 18 
8.4  MATERIALS ........................................................................................................................................................ 18 
9.  AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT ............................................................................................................................... 19 
9.1  SUPPORTS AND GUIDES ........................................................................................................................................ 19 
9.2  STAGING DEVICES ............................................................................................................................................... 19 
9.3  DEMOUNTABLE SYSTEMS ...................................................................................................................................... 20 
9.4  PILOTS AND IGNITION .......................................................................................................................................... 20 
9.5  SMOKELESS SYSTEMS ........................................................................................................................................... 20 
9.6  AIRCRAFT WARNING LIGHTS AND PAINTING ............................................................................................................. 21 
9.7  PILOT FLAME MONITORING ................................................................................................................................... 21 
9.7.1  Thermocouples ....................................................................................................................................... 21 

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 6 of 25

9.7.2  Infra‐Red Detection ................................................................................................................................ 21 
9.8  CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION ......................................................................................................................... 21 
9.9  NOISE LEVEL ...................................................................................................................................................... 22 
10.  SHOP FABRICATION AND FIELD ERECTION .................................................................................................... 22 
10.1  STRUCTURAL STEEL FABRICATION ........................................................................................................................... 22 
10.2  PIPING FABRICATION ............................................................................................................................................ 22 
11.  INSPECTION, EXAMINATION, AND TESTING ................................................................................................. 23 
11.1  WELD EXAMINATION ........................................................................................................................................... 23 
11.2  EXAMINATION OF OTHER COMPONENTS .................................................................................................................. 24 
11.3  TESTING ............................................................................................................................................................ 24 
12.  PRESERVATION, STORAGE, HANDLING & SHIPPING ...................................................................................... 25 
12.1  GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................................... 25 
12.2  INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROLS ........................................................................................................................ 25 
12.3  PIPEWORK AND VALVES ....................................................................................................................................... 25 
12.4  SURFACE FINISHING ............................................................................................................................................. 25 

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 7 of 25

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE

This company specification defines the minimum requirements for the design, fabrication,
installation, commissioning, inspection and testing and shipping of Flares and Vent Stacks for
both onshore and offshore installations.

Flares and Vent Stacks shall conform to the requirements of API 537 and API 521, except as
modified by this specification, by the mechanical data sheets or by the documentation issued
for the specific project.

This specification and the associated particular specifications shall not release the Supplier from
his responsibility, fulfilment of his duties, guarantee(s) and/or liabilities. Any acceptance or
approval does imply any assumption of responsibility by the Company for the conformance of
the equipment to the requirements of the Code and/or of the Governing Authority.

1.2 DEFINITIONS AND TERMS

The following Parties are involved in the Project activities:

Company Eni SpA, affiliated Companies or a third party,

appointed by Eni SpA to operate on its behalf.

Contractor The party, which carries out all or part of the

design, engineering, procurement, construction,
commissioning or management of a project or
operation or maintenance of a facility. The
Company may undertake all or part of the duties of
the Contractor.

Sub-Contractor Any organization who supply services to the

Contractor.

Supplier (Vendor/Manufacturer) The party, which manufactures or supplies

equipment and services to perform the duties
specified by the Supplier (Vendor/Manufacturer).

Sub-Supplier The party, which manufactures or supplies

equipment and services to perform the duties
(Sub-Vendor/Sub-Manufacturer)
specified by the Supplier (Vendor/Manufacturer).

The word shall indicates a requirement.

The word should indicates a recommendation.

1.3 ABBREVIATIONS

API American Petroleum Institute

ATEX ATmospheres EXplosibles
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ANSI American National Standards Institute
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 8 of 25

AWG American Wire Gauge

EN European Norm
ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization
ISO International Organization for Standardisation
NB Nominal Bore
PED Pressure Equipment Directive
RF Raised Face
RJ Ring Joint
SI Standards international
UNS Unified Numbering System

1.4 UNITS OF MEASUREMENT

The SI system shall be used according to the requirements of specification

20183.COO.GEN.FUN “Units of measurement”, unless otherwise specified in the documents
issued for the specific project.

2. GENERAL

The latest edition of the Company specifications and standards and the international codes and
standards listed below shall be considered an integral part of this specification.

Any conflicts between this Specification and any other International Codes and Standards,
Company General Specification and Standards and Project Documentation shall be brought to
the Company/Contractor attention for clarification in writing prior to any further action or start
of work.

In the case of conflict amongst documents of the same priority level, the more stringent
conditions shall prevail. In addition, Supplier shall bring to the attention of Company/Contractor
immediately any apparent error or omission in this specification and shall ask for written
clarification.

Pressure equipment intended for the European market shall be in compliance with the safety
requirements of the European directive 97/23/CE PED and possible additional requirements
according to data sheets and the documents issued for the specific project.

Pressure equipment intended for the non-European market shall be in compliance with the
safety requirements of the laws and norms in force in the intended Countries and with possible
additional requirements according to data sheets and the documents issued for the specific
project.

Equipment operating in explosive atmospheres and intended for the European market shall be
in compliance with the safety requirements of the European directive 94/9/CE ATEX and
possible additional requirements according to data sheets and the documents issued for the
specific project.

Equipment operating in explosive atmospheres and intended for the non-European market shall
be in compliance with the safety requirements of the laws and norms in force in the intended
Countries and with possible additional requirements according to data sheets and the
documents issued for the specific project.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 9 of 25

Equipment operating in explosive atmospheres shall be supplied together with all anti-spark
tools necessary for installation, operation, and maintenance.

2.1 COMPANY SPECIFICATIONS & STANDARDS

03652.VAR.GEN.FUN Thermal Insulation for Cold Service

03653.VAR.GEN.SPC Thermal Insulation for Hot Temperature Service
05490.MAT.MEC.SDS Design Fabrication and Testing of Pressure Vessels Under ASME BPV
Code
05494.MAT.MEC.SDS Allowable Loads on Equipment Process Nozzles
05882.COO.MEC.PRG 2 Years Operation Spare Parts for Mechanical Equipment and Machines
05883.VAR.GEN.SPC Packing for the Dispatching of Materials and Equipment
05892.PIP.MEC.SDS Pipes and Piping Components for Plants
05894.PIP.MEC.SDS Pipes and Piping Components for Plants, Assembling and Inspection of
Piping
06798.MAT.STA.FUN Instrumentation Electric and Fibre Optic Cables
08035.MAC.MEC.FUN Fans
20000.VAR.PAI.FUN Protective Coating, Galvanising and Metalizing for Internal and
External Surfaces of Offshore and Onshore Structures and Related
Components
20047.VAR.STA.SDS Requirements for the Installation of Instrumentation
20048.VAR.STA.SDS Instrumentation Philosophy
20140.EQP.STA.FUN Instrumentation Panelboards
20167.EQP.ELE.FUN Asynchronous Motors
20183.COO.GEN.FUN Units of measurement
20215.PKG.ETI.SDS Electric and Instrumentation Plants Included in Package Supplies
20169.EQP.ELE.FUN Power and Control Electric Cables
20368.PIP.MEC.FUN Carbon Steel Piping Welding
20370.PIP.MEC.FUN Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Welding
20371.PIP.MEC.FUN Cr-Mo Steel Piping Welding
20372.PIP.MEC.FUN 0.5 Molybdenum steel piping welding
20374.PIP.MEC.FUN Dissimilar Metals Piping Welding
20375.PIP.MEC.FUN Nickel Alloy Piping Welding
20377.PIP.MEC.FUN Piping weld examination General requirements
28037.CMP.STA.SDS Instrumentation & Automation included in Package Plants
opi.sg.hse.012.ep Noise and Vibration Management

2.2 INTERNATIONAL CODES AND STANDARDS

API STD 521 Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems

API STD 537 Flare Details for General Refinery and Petrochemical Service

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 10 of 25

API STD 560 Fired Heaters for General Refinery Service

ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
ASME B16.9 Factory-made Wrought Buttwelding Fittings
ASME B31.3 Process Piping
ASME BPVC Sec. II Materials
ASME BPVC Sec. V Nondestructive Examination
ASME BPVC Sec. VIII Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels Division 1
ASME BPVC Sec. IX Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Qualifications
ASME STS-1 Steel Stacks
AISC Manual of Steel Construction
AWS D 1.1 Structural Welding Code - Steel
ASCE 7-10 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
EN 1990 Eurocode Basis of Structural Design
EN 1992 Eurocode 1 Actions on Structures
EN 1993 Eurocode 3 Design of Steel Structures
EN 1998 Eurocode 8 Design of Structure for Earthquake Resistance
IBC International Building Code

3. DESIGN

3.1 ELEVATED FLARES

Radiation calculations for elevated flares shall follow the API 521 method. The fraction of heat
radiated “F Factor” shall be calculated from the flaring gas composition, with a minimum of 0.2
for Mach < 0.5. The fraction of heat intensity transmitted, τ = 1. A minimum of τ = 0.75 may
be accepted if properly justified by the Supplier.

Elevated flares shall be designed such that the major part of the pressure drop is taken across
the tip, so as to maximise turbulence and mixing with air. The following pressure drop
distribution should be considered as a guide:

 Gas seal (molecular/velocity): 1 to 3 times flare tip pressure drop

 Flare riser: 0.25 to 2 times flare tip pressure drop
 Liquid seal: 1 to 1.5 times flare tip pressure drop plus liquid depth in the seal

3.2 VENT STACKS

The selection of a common vent stack as a disposal method shall be considered only where the
criteria listed in API 521 para. 5.8.8 are fully satisfied. The design of the vent stack shall be in
accordance with API 521 para. 5.8.10.

Radiation calculations for vent stacks shall follow the API 521 method. The fraction of heat
radiated “F Factor” shall be calculated from the flaring gas composition, with a minimum of 0.2
for Mach < 0.5. The fraction of heat intensity transmitted, τ = 1. A minimum of τ = 0.75 may
be accepted if properly justified by the Supplier.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 11 of 25

3.3 GROUND FLARES

Ground flares shall generally be of the enclosed-flame multiple-burner type. Ground flares shall
be selected when noise or visual impact from flaring dictate that an elevated flare is not
suitable. Ground flares shall not be used where the dispersion of combustion products at a low
level, or of flare gas in the event of a flame-out, would cause air pollution or a hazard.
The design and construction of the ground flare shall be in accordance with API 537 Annex C.

3.4 BURN PITS

Burn pits are design to dispose of liquids or mixtures of liquids and vapour at ground level. The
main components of the burn pit are:

 A containment wall
 A combustion area
 A sump for liquid containment
 A burner tip and pilots

The containment wall is constructed from compacted ground and surrounds all sides of the
burn pit. The wall shall be, if practical, high enough to screen flame sizes up to the maximum
load. The minimum wall height shall be 2 m above the surrounding ground level and a
maximum of 4 m above the combustion area. The wall shall slope at a nominal angle of 20°,
but not exceeding 30°, towards the combustion area.

The combustion area is the area contained by the wall in which combustion of gases and liquids
takes place. It includes a concrete sump for the combustion of liquid fractions

The sump depth should be designed such that all liquid contained therein may be combusted
within 4 – 5 hours from any relief plus 450 mm freeboard. The liquid sump (or pool) and the
side of the pit where the tip is installed shall be protected with bricks (refractory/insulating).
The remaining parts of the pit may be compacted ground.

Any accumulation of rainwater should be considered when calculating the depth of the sump.
If necessary considering the environmental conditions, a drainage pump can be installed to
drain any collected rain water to the oily water drain.

The Supplier shall provide a drawing of the burn pit showing the dimensions and materials of
construction including required concrete, materials and strength, back-fill materials and
refractories.

4. PIPING, TERMINALS AND MANIFOLDS

4.1 GENERAL

Flanges
Flanges shall be manufactured in accordance with ASME B.16.5.

Unless otherwise requested by the Company, the facing of RF flanges shall be smooth finish
125 AARH in accordance with ASME B.46.1.

Gaskets
Unless otherwise specified, RJ and spiral wound gaskets shall be manufactured in accordance
with ASME B.16.20 and flat gaskets in accordance with ASME B 16.21.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 12 of 25

Fittings
Fittings shall be manufactured in accordance with ASME B 16.9 / ASME B 46.1.

Bolts and nuts

Bolts and nuts shall be manufactured in accordance with:

Bolts: Dimensions ASME B 16.5

Tolerances ASME B 16.5 and ASME B 1.1

Nuts: Dimensions ASME B 18.2.2

Tolerances ASME B 18.2.2 & ASME B 1.1

Manifolds
Manifolds shall be of a single piece in accordance with ANSI B.36.10 and B.36.19.

4.2 ALLOWABLE MOMENTS AND LOADS

Single flange or pipe

Unless indicated otherwise each single terminal shall be designed to accept the following loads
and moments from external pipework.

Allowable forces and moments for flare header to the gas riser

The flare header to gas riser shall comply with API Std 537 Table 2 – Allowable forces and
moments for flare nozzles.

Allowable forces and moments for auxiliary flanges

Each auxiliary flange (e.g. steam, pilot fuel etc) shall comply with Allowable Loads of Equipment
Process Nozzles 05494.MAT.MEC.SDS Appendix A.

Under special circumstances, if the Supplier is unable to achieve the forces and moments then
they shall be identified within their offer for Company to review.

4.3 MATERIALS

Construction materials shall be in compliance with the Company data sheets and as stated in
applicable codes (API Std 537).

Bolting material shall be ASTM A 193 B7 and 193 2H. For stainless steel flanges, the use of
ASTM A193 B7 or ASTM A 193 B8C shall be evaluated as a function of the material temperature.

5. STRUCTURES AND SUPPORTS

Elevated Flare or Vent Stacks may be self-supported, guy-wire supported derrick-supported,

or guyed-derrick supported, depending on the flare dimensions and plot space available, and
the location onshore or offshore. The expected flare support arrangement will be shown on the
project documentation.

Structural calculations shall be performed for any supporting structures of the flare for all cases
defined by the applicable codes as listed in section 2.2. The Supplier shall provide a design

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 13 of 25

which is compliant to all local laws and regulations pertaining where the flare is to be installed.
Minimum loading combinations are shown in Company standard 05490.MAT.MEC.SDS.

Proper attention shall be given to erection conditions, to thermal loads and to the fluid-dynamic
loads generated by normal continuous flaring and by the maximum emergency flaring. All loads
are considered to be applied statically to the structure.

All structural members shall be verified and covered by proper calculation, including lifting lugs,
davits, bolts, nuts, pads and load bearing cables, welds. The temperature profile along the
supporting structure and along the riser under maximum flaring conditions shall be evaluated
by the Supplier and considered in the calculations. Proper consideration must be given to wind
vortex shedding.

All internals, molecular seal baffles, water seal wave attenuator, take-off pipes, demisters,
deflectors and their fixing system (bolting or welding), shall be sized as per applicable codes,
considering the maximum fluid-dynamic forces generated during emergency flaring and
checked for the continuous flaring cases.

All calculations for internals and for their fixing system (bolting or welding) must be performed
including verification under fatigue loads. All internals must be considered as subjected to
fatigue. The same concept applies to any external structural attachment, such as lifting lugs,
brackets or supports.

The selection of anchor bolts shall be under the responsibility of the Supplier, even if the anchor
bolt supply may be by others according to the individual project requirements.

The Supplier shall provide a foundation drawing for the flare showing:

 The foundation layout, number, position and dimensions of base plates

 The number, position and dimensions of guy-wire anchors (deadmen)
 The anchor bolts locations, type, material, diameter and projection
 Details of shimming and grouting
 A table of the loads and moments on the foundation including dead loads, live loads,
wind or earthquake loads, reaction to overturning moments and lateral shear loads.

5.1 SUPPORTING STRUCTURES

The Elevated Flare or Vent Stack supporting structures shall have the following characteristics:

a) The structures shall be capable of supporting any ancillary equipment and shall allow for
erection and maintenance requirements. In addition the structures, including the
structures which support the platforms, shall be capable of supporting external piping.

b) The structures shall consist of shop fabricated sections to the maximum extent possible,
forming portals, trestles and substructures, to facilitate transport and erection.

c) Beams connecting portals, braces and handrails shall be fastened by bolts unless
otherwise required.

d) The design and the fabrication of members shall allow field assembly using temporary or
fixed bolts. In the case of modular construction, assembly at site shall be by bolted
connections. Bolted connections shall have double nuts, and where size does not permit
stud bolts with double nuts shall be used.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.
 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 14 of 25

Where studs and nuts are utilised, the Supplier shall calculate the design temperature. The
Supplier shall declare the recommended tightening torque for any bolted connection, and report
it on design drawings.

5.2 GUY-WIRE SUPPORTS

The design of guy-wire supported flares shall pay particular attention to the process relief
temperatures and resulting thermal expansion. Guyed support shall not be used when
operating temperatures differ more than 150°C from each other or from ambient conditions.
In this case derricks or guyed derricks support shall be used.

Guy-wire supports shall be provided in at least three nominally equally spaced radial positions.
The angle between guy wire positions shall not exceed 130°. The angle between the guy wire
and the horizontal shall not exceed 60 °.

The guy-wire attachment points shall be at least 3 m below the tip such that the guy-wires and
their supports are not affected by thermal effects from the flame.

Per API 537 guy-wires should be pre-tensioned taking into account the thermal expansion of
the flare stack. Lockable guy-wire tensioning devices (turnbuckles) shall be supplied in order
to tension the wires, located adjacent to the anchor point of the guy-wire.

Each set of guy-wires shall be anchored at deadmen ballasted with concrete. The Supplier shall
provide details and dimensions of the concrete foundation required.

5.3 LADDERS AND PLATFORMS

Any platform structure must be removable without affecting the structural stability of the flare
or vent or of any of its appurtenances (risers, etc.).

Ladders and platforms shall be constructed from carbon steel, hot-dip galvanised.

Stairs, ladders and platforms shall be completely shop assembled and galvanised ready for site
assembly by bolting. Grating shall be supplied in prefabricated panels.

Platform width shall be 1200 mm minimum. Platforms to service instrumentation shall have a
minimum width equal to the length of the instrument plus 600.

5.4 MATERIALS

Unless otherwise stated, the materials to be used for the construction of supporting structures
are the following:

a) Structural shapes S275JR to EN10025

b) Plates S275JR to EN10025
c) Tubes P235Tr2 to EN 10216
d) Bolts EN ISO 898-1

The grade shall be selected according to the requirements of the project. Equivalent ASTM, BS,
DIN, JIS and AFNOR materials are acceptable.

Under no circumstance shall high strength bolts of class 10.9 and 12.9 of EN ISO 898-1 or
equivalent bolts be used.

In addition to bolts of class 8.8 of EN ISO 898-1 or equivalent which have been suitably pickled,
cadmium plated, galvanized (zinc plated), phosphatized, or equally protected, heat treatment

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
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 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 15 of 25

may be required to remove any absorbed hydrogen. The heat treatment shall be carried out in
accordance with the EN ISO 898-1, Part 6.

The material for guy-wires shall be selected from the following. Guy-wires and fittings shall be
galvanized.

a) Wire rope:
(i) ISO 2408:2004, Quality B for 10 mm to 50 mm (3/8 in to 2 in) diameter, class
6X36-IWRC with steel core
(ii) ASTM A 475-03, Class A for 16 mm (5/8 in) diameter or less, with metallic core
b) Structural bridge strand, in accordance with
(i) EN 12385-10 for 13 mm to 72 mm (1/2 in to 3 in) diameter, with zinc coating
conforming to EN 10264-2:2002, Class A
(ii) ASTM A 586-04, Class A, for diameters greater than or equal to 16 mm (5/8 in)

6. STACK, RISERS AND PILOT LINES

6.1 DESIGN

Riser diameters smaller than the blow-down line diameter shall not be used on single point
flares.

For risers having the same diameter as the blow down line, the inlet to flare risers must be
manufactured with a 90° long radius bend. Mitred bends or direct inlets shall not be used.

For risers having a diameter larger than the blow-down line, the inlet must be as smooth as
possible, with a velocity at maximum flaring not higher than 0.2 Mach.

The riser diameter must be at least 10% larger than the largest connection installed on it,
including man holes or flaring gas inlets. This can be limited from grade to 1.5 m minimum
above the largest connection. The change of diameter shall be smooth with an angle of 30°
maximum.

For risers with external diameter ≥ 36”, the minimum thickness shall be that of the connecting
piping class at the flare gas inlet or 13 mm (1/2”), whichever is the larger.

The minimum thickness for risers of external diameter < 36”, shall be the same as the
connecting piping class at the flare gas inlet.

For sonic flares (flaring gas velocity in the riser at design conditions ≥ 0.8 Mach), the minimum
riser thickness (end-of-life, corroded) must be 13 mm (1/2”).

If not specifically requested, manholes and drains must not be installed on risers and/or inlet
bend.

All welded joints shall be full penetration, unless impossible due to the joint typology. Joints
between riser sections should be full penetration butt welds wherever possible and subject to
radiography or ultrasonic inspection if radiography is not possible.

All attachments on the flare gas riser shall be on welded pads. Pads shall be completely welded
full wrap around. Reinforcement pads shall be used also at branch connections of any diameter.
If not differently stated in project documentation, pads on branch connections shall follow ASME
B31.8 Figure 13, sleeve type with pad thickness equal to header wall thickness.

Piping for pilot gas and for ignition by flame front will be vertical from the pilot to grade and
parallel to the riser. The Supplier shall calculate and provide any loads and nozzle movement

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

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 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 16 of 25

for connection to the external piping. Pilot lines shall be separated and flanged at the flare
base. Each pilot shall be provided complete with its own wind deflector.

Piping for smokeless steam and for burn-back steam will be designed by the Supplier such that
the inlet connection is fixed at grade level.

Piping and manifolds inside the fence of open ground flares (including multi-point flares) shall
be covered with gravel up to 500 mm minimum above the last weld below each tip. If this is
not possible a stainless steel shield is required.

The design and fabrication of the riser and pilot lines shall be fully in accordance with ASME
B31.3.

Due consideration shall be given in the design to fatigue.

Flare stacks and vent stacks do not require hydro testing. Air pressure testing shall be
performed when requested by the Company.

6.2 MATERIALS

6.2.1 Riser
The riser material shall be as per data sheets and consistent with the upstream piping class
material. Typically the riser shall be of an A516 Gr.70 material for hydrocarbon and non-acid
service from 1°C to 425°C. A516 Gr.60 is also considered common and acceptable.

In hydrogen service C-1/2 Mo steels shall not be used.

6.2.2 Pilot Lines

Pilot lines downstream of the fuel gas filter to the pilot flange located at the flare tip shall be
manufactured from A312 Type 309 or 310. 316 stainless steel is also acceptable. Carbon steel
(A106 Gr.B or equivalent) is acceptable when specifically allowed.

6.2.3 Ignition Lines

Ignition lines from the flame front generator panel to the pilot flange located at the flare tip
shall be manufactured from type A312 Type 309 or 310. 316 stainless steel is also acceptable.
Carbon steel (A106 Gr.B or equivalent) is acceptable when specifically allowed.

6.2.4 Steam Lines Ring Manifold

Steam lines to the steam manifold on the tip shall be manufactured from A312 Type 309 or
310. 316 stainless steel is also acceptable.

The steam ring manifold on the tip shall be manufactured from the same material as the tip.
Alternatively A312 Type 321H S6 or Type 346H S6 stainless steel may be acceptable, however
it should be specifically requested by the Supplier to the Company.

7. SEALS

7.1 GENERAL

A velocity seal shall be supplied for elevated flare systems. The velocity seal shall be integral
to the tip, located between 1.5m and 3m from the tip exit and above the flange connection,
and made of the same material as the tip. A velocity seal is not required if a molecular seal is
specified.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

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 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 17 of 25

If a water seal is specified, this shall be vertical and integral with the riser. The exit to the
riser and the submerged inlet shall be axially symmetrical with the seal.

If a molecular seal is specified, the maximum local (point, not average) fluid velocity shall be
less than Mach 0.8 in order to avoid local sonic velocities and shock waves generated by flow
and velocity fluctuations in the seal.

All transversal sectional areas of the molecular seal shall be equal or gradually increasing from
the inlet riser to the tip. The exit section must be equal to the inlet section. Molecular seals
having an external diameter larger than 2.0m must be of the “mushroom” type.

The molecular seal shell shall be axially symmetrical with respect to the inlet and outlet.

Molecular seals shall be equipped with a 200mm diameter hand hole for internal inspection.
The molecular seal shall be directly flanged to the flare tip.

The water seal exit to the riser and the molecular seal exit to the tip shall be conical with a half
angle in the vertical axis of 30° maximum.

Water seal inlet pipes shall be designed and equipped with a basket to guarantee:
 Wave dampening
 Uniform gas release
 Smooth gas release
 Minimisation of water entrainment in gases

Water seals shall be equipped with the following connections as a minimum:

 Low flow water inlet, for level control in normal continuous operations
 High flow liquid inlet for quick recovery of the minimum required level after emergency
relief
 Connections for level gauges
 Manway for maintenance and inspection

The filling rate of the liquid seal after emergency relief shall be sufficient to re-establish the
seal within 5 minutes from the loss of the minimum liquid level.

Water seals shall be protected from freezing when:

 Ambient temperature may drop below 0°C
 Conditions exist for flaring gas with a temperature below 0°C

Frost protection shall be by electric heater or glycol solution (preferred). Steam headers or
steam injection may be acceptable on specific request.

7.2 DESIGN FOR INTERNAL PRESSURE

Molecular seals and liquid seals shall be design, fabricated and tested according to
05490.MAT.MEC.SDS and ASME VIII Division 1 and hydro tested as per the code requirements.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
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 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 18 of 25

8. TIPS

8.1 GENERAL

Flare tips shall be designed to avoid flame impingement inside or outside the tip and on any
part of the support structure regardless of gas flow rate (including minimum purge flow), wind
speed or wind direction.

The minimum tip height from the weld to the bottom flange to the top of the tip shall be 4 m.
The shell shall be designed so that the number of welded joints is minimised.

The flare tip material shall be specified according to the flare gas composition, pressure and
temperature and as specified on the Company data sheets. The material shall be equal or
higher specification for the tip and all of its accessories, including flame stabilisers, wind
deflectors and attachments in general, from and including the tip base flange to the top of the
tip.

The material thickness of tips shall be minimum 6mm for tips having external diameter ≤ 72”,
and 9mm for tips having external diameter > 72”.

For tips having a flaring gas exit velocity at design conditions ≥ 0.6 Mach, the thickness shall
be selected as follows:
 Tip external diameter Ø ≤ 36”, minimum thickness 6mm
 Tip external diameter Ø ≤ 72“, minimum thickness 9mm
 Tip external diameter Ø > 72“,minimum thickness 12.7mm

8.2 DESIGN FOR INTERNAL PRESSURE

The design and fabrication of the tip shall be fully in accordance with ASME B31.3.

Due consideration shall be given in the design to fatigue.

Flare stacks and tips do not require hydro testing. Air pressure testing shall be performed
when requested by the Company.

8.3 REFRACTORY ON TIPS

The use of external or internal refractory protection on tips shall be avoided. In unavoidable
the Supplier shall request in Company approval in writing with reasons for its inclusion.

In the case that refractory is unavoidable, it shall be firmly secured by appropriate anchoring,
SS needles mixed in the castable, and an external containing mesh of appropriate material
(alloy 800 or equivalent). “Bee Cell” type anchoring is also acceptable. The anchoring material
shall be alloy 601 or equivalent.

Refractory material is not allowed when carbamate formation is possible on flare tips.

8.4 MATERIALS

The flare tip material shall be as specified on the Company data sheet.

All attachments and auxiliaries on the tip (pilots, steam pipes, structural brackets, wind shield,
etc.) must be of the same material as the tip. The tip and mating flange shall be of the same
material.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
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 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 19 of 25

Acceptable materials for tips are Alloy 800 HT (UNS 08811), Inconel 617 (UNS 06617), 310
type SS (UNS S31000).

The flare tip material (in particular for Alloy 800HT), shall be coarse grain (ASTM grain size 2
to 5) in the final fabricated form. If having a coarse grain, materials (plates, tubes, etc.) used
for complex design fabrication, are difficult to work, fine grain (ASTM grain size > 8) should be
purchased initially, fabricated into its final form and heat treated to achieve the desired coarse
grain structure.

The tip material for acid flares (H2S content in the flaring gas >1% mol.), shall be as per the
Company data sheet.

Acceptable materials for acid flare tips are A240 Type 309 or 310. 310 grade SS is considered
preferable to minimise H2S acid attack. Flanges in A240 Type 304 are acceptable.

Piping and manifold shields for Open Ground Flares, tip flange shelters and AWL shelters shall
be SS material.

Bolts shall be as a minimum A193 B8C or B8T, Class 1; nuts: A194 Grade 8C or 8T.

Pilot nozzles, steam jets and tip nozzles shall be manufactured from castings. As a minimum
A351 CK20 (CH20 is also acceptable for acid flares) shall be used.

All gaskets on the tip shall be suitable for high temperature service. Acceptable materials are
SS Type 347 or 321 for windings, inner and outer ring, with graphite filler.

Wind deflectors shall be made from the same material as the tip.

9. AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT

9.1 SUPPORTS AND GUIDES

The flare support and guiding system shall be as specified on the Company data sheet.

The design of supports and guides for flare risers, tip and service piping shall consider both
thermal expansion and vibration.

Supports or guides with surface gaps or point contacts shall be avoided. The use of appropriate
mechanical dampening devices shall be considered to allow for movement and vibration.

In order to absorb impact forces and to damp vibration, the use of metallic mesh strips between
long length pipes protruding from, or connected to the tip and their supports or guides shall be
considered. The material of the mesh shall be the same as the pipe.

No auxiliary or service piping (including ignition piping) shall be supported by their connections
to flare tip. The load on the tip connections shall be minimised.

9.2 STAGING DEVICES

Staging valves shall be tight shut-off, butterfly on-off type. Safety bypasses for staging valves
shall be by rupture disks (pin/ buckling valves if specifically required). Rupture disks or pin
valves shall be located in piping where bends or discontinuities upstream of the riser have been
minimised.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
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 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 20 of 25

Pin valves shall allow the replacement of pins without need of upstream and downstream block
valves.

To absorb the oscillations generated by unbalanced forces during the rupture of bursting disks
a piping dampening system shall be included, if required, on the axis perpendicular to the
bursting disk plane.

Staging skids shall include an access platform provided with a ladder and stairs. The platform
shall extend a minimum of 1200 mm all around the valves. A lifting rail will be installed over
the valves for maintenance purposes.

9.3 DEMOUNTABLE SYSTEMS

Where specified on the Company data sheet each flare shall be fully demountable. Each flare
riser, seal, flare tip and associated service piping shall be capable of demounting and re-
erecting without removing the other flares from operation.

To demount the flares each shall be fitted with hoisting/canting winches. The flare risers shall
be supplied in complete sections with utility piping, steam and ignition lines already attached,
and with a flanged hinge at the riser base to allow the riser to be rotated to the horizontal by
means of the canting winch.

A suitable access platform shall be provided to allow access to flanges between the riser
sections to allow them to be disassembled for demounting.

Winches shall be driven by electric motors or diesel motors as stated on the Company data
sheet. The winches and drivers shall be skid mounted on a common base frame.

If not stated otherwise by the Company the winch skid shall be removable.

The winch, davit and cables shall be designed including a safety margin of 20%.

9.4 PILOTS AND IGNITION

Pilots shall be provided on the flare tip. The minimum number shall be selected in accordance
with API 537 requirements. Pilot lines shall be separated and flanged at the flare base. Each
pilot shall be provided complete with its own wind shield.

Pilot ignition shall be either electronic (high energy) or by flame front generation as stated on
the Company data sheet. Ignition systems shall be installed on a common panel with canopy,
located outside the sterile area. The distance between the ignition panel and the flare riser
shall be minimised.

9.5 SMOKELESS SYSTEMS

Smokeless systems shall either be based on air or steam – refer to project specifications.

When based on air:

 Air shall be supplied by axial fans, driven by electric motors. Centrifugal fans may be used
when the required static head at design conditions exceeds 18 mbarg.
 Centrifugal fans shall conform to API 560 Appendix E and Company specification
08035.MAC.MEC.FUN. If not otherwise stated, two fans shall be provided (one spare and
one in operation), and located at the flare base, below a radiation shelter. The maximum
permissible speed is 1600 rpm for air fans.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

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 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 21 of 25

 Air ducting shall be external to the flare gas riser (not annular coaxial) if the flare gas dew
point temperature is less than 10°C above the maximum ambient temperature.

Electric motor drives for fans shall be supplied in accordance with Company specification
20167.EQP.ELE.FUN Asynchronous Motors. Electrical installation shall be in accordance with
20215.PKG.ETI.SDS Electric and Instrumentation Plants Included in Package Supplies.

9.6 AIRCRAFT WARNING LIGHTS AND PAINTING

Aircraft warning lights and painting shall follow the requirements of ICAO and any applicable
local regulations.

A shield shall be provided to protect lights at the top level from flame radiation. Cables to the
light control panel shall be installed in conduit.

Aircraft warning paint, when required, shall be applied both on derricks and on risers. Derrick
paint shall be silicone-acrylic type, suitable for 400°C continuous service as a minimum. Risers
shall be painted with silicone paint suitable for 200°C continuous service temperature.

9.7 PILOT FLAME MONITORING

9.7.1 Thermocouples
Thermocouples shall be provided:
 On each pilot, to detect pilot flames
 At the tip base, to detect burn back

Pilot thermocouples shall be:

 One (1) duplex type if located in a thermowell inside the pilot head to protect against flame
impingement
 Two (2) simplex type if above arrangement is not possible
 Burn back thermocouples shall be two (2) simplex type

Dual or simplex thermocouples shall be:

 One element in use
 One element terminated at grade in a junction box and available as spare

Thermocouples shall be Type “K”, minimum wire size of 20 AWG (0.5 mm2), MgO insulated and
Inconel 601 sheathed as minimum.

9.7.2 Infra-Red Detection

If required on the Company data sheets, a grade mounted infra-red detection system for
monitoring pilot flames shall be provided as back-up for pilot thermocouples.

A minimum of two (2) infra-red detectors per tip shall be installed at a distance and orientated
in order to minimise direct viewing of the sun. For service in ambient temperature above 55°C,
infra-red detectors shall be equipped with provision for an air cooling system.

9.8 CONTROL AND INSTRUMENTATION

When specified in the project documentation, instrumentation shall be included by the Supplier
as identified on the relevant project P&IDs.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

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 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 22 of 25

Instrumentation shall be supplied in accordance with Company specifications

28037.CMP.STA.SDS Instrumentation and Automation Included in Package Plants,
20048.VAR.STA.SDS Instrumentation Philosophy and installed in accordance with Company
specification 20047.VAR.STA.SDS Requirements for the Installation of Instrumentation.

In order to ensure the continuous presence of a flame, reliable ignition of the flare shall be
performed by continuous pilot burners designed to provide a stable ignition source. The pilot
burners shall be ignited by a ignition system which may be either manual or automatic as
specified in the project documentation. Automatic ignition may be activated by thermocouples
or by flame detection sensors (typically infra-red type).

In the event of a pilot flame-out the flame detection system shall provide appropriate alarms
to the plant control and safety systems through hardwired SPDT contacts. The flame detection
system panel shall be complete with transducers to receive the input from the pilot
thermocouples, suitable lamps and switches. The panel will be powered from the plant UPS.
The panel may be skid mounted and installed as close as possible to the flare. The panel shall
be suitable for the site environmental conditions and hazardous area, as defined in the project
documentation.

9.9 NOISE LEVEL

The maximum permissible noise level of the flare or vent and any other ancillary machinery
such as fans and their drivers including electric motors shall be in accordance with Company
standard OPI.SG.HSE.012 Noise and Vibration Management.

10.SHOP FABRICATION AND FIELD ERECTION

10.1 STRUCTURAL STEEL FABRICATION

Materials shall be fully trial assembled under the Supplier’s responsibility at the workshop prior
to preparation for shipment, to ensure that all constituent parts can be assembled correctly
without modifications or adjustment, and in particular that connecting flanges between the
various items are correctly oriented and that bolt holes match.

Where, for reasons of practicality, the complete supply cannot be assembled in one location,
the Supplier may, only by agreement with the Company, substitute another method to ensure
correct alignment, e.g. match drilling of flanges, templates, etc.

In any case, the Supplier shall guarantee the correct assembly of all materials and shall be
entirely responsible for the full cost of any rectification work necessary on site to correct any
misalignment. Structural pieces shall be suitably numbered and identified on steelwork
drawings and the pieces correspondingly marked to facilitate assembly.

10.2 PIPING FABRICATION

Piping welds shall comply with the following Company welding specifications for the materials
indicated:

 20368.PIP.MEC.FUN Carbon Steel Piping Welding

 20371.PIP.MEC.FUN Cr-Mo Steel Piping Welding
 20372.PIP.MEC.FUN 0.5 Molybdenum steel piping welding
 20370.PIP.MEC.FUN Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Welding
 20374.PIP.MEC.FUN Dissimilar Metals Piping Welding
 20375.PIP.MEC.FUN Nickel Alloy Piping Welding

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

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 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 23 of 25

When applying the above specifications carbon steel piping shall be considered class 2 whilst
all remaining piping shall be considered class 1.

All welded joints of piping shall have a joint efficiency of 1.

The piping shall be without longitudinal welds (seamless).

Heat treatment of joints shall be local. Heat treatment shall be carried out in accordance with
the requirements of the reference ASTM material specifications and Company specifications.

Heat treatment shall be carried out in accordance with the following cycle:
 Heating rate 150 - 180°C/h from 300°C
 Minimum holding time of 2 hours at the heat treatment temperature specified in the codes
for the particular type of material
 Cooling rate 100°C/h to 300°C.

11.INSPECTION, EXAMINATION, AND TESTING

11.1 WELD EXAMINATION

Piping Examination
All welded joints shall undergo checks required for compliance with the appropriate
specifications listed in paragraph 2 and in accordance with the procedures laid down in
Company specification 20377.PIP.MEC.FUN, piping constructed in carbon steel material shall
be considered in class 2, and all remaining piping materials in class 1.

The acceptance criteria for discontinuities in welds shall be those indicated in

20377.PIP.MEC.FUN, where carbon steel piping shall be considered in class 2 and all remaining
piping materials in class 1. Furthermore the following modifications or additions to
20377.PIP.MEC.FUN shall be applied.

a) Table 1 of 20377.PIP.MEC.FUN does not apply with regards to the extent of radiographic
examination to be carried out on the welds of piping in carbon steel material (class 2).
The extent of radiographic examination shall follow the requirements of API 560 or as
specified on the data sheet.
b) Joints having a nominal diameter less than 2” shall be subject to 100% magnetic particle
or liquid penetrant examination.

Welds for which heat treatment is required shall undergo hardness tests to ensure that the
hardness falls within limits laid down for the material. All heat treatment diagrams shall be
subject to review.

Finished piping shall be subject to a hydrostatic test at the pressure indicated on the piping
classes and schedule. Neither seepage nor pressure drop at pressure gauges shall be permitted
during hydrostatic testing. If hydrostatic tests cannot be carried out, piping shall be 100%
radiographed.

For equipment intended for the European market the minimum requirements shall be in
compliance with the European directive 97/23/CE PED.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

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 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 24 of 25

11.2 EXAMINATION OF OTHER COMPONENTS

Steel structures

Compliance of materials with drawings requirements shall be checked by reviewing the

documentation submitted by the Supplier.

Compliance of load bearing frame and stack with drawing requirements shall be checked.

Quality of strength welds for stacks to be checked against reference standards.

Check of prefabricated structures

a) The verticality shall be checked. The maximum allowable tolerance shall be 2 mm per
meter with a maximum of 20 mm deflection with regard to the verticality.
b) The plot arrangement and elevation shall be checked.
c) Structural steelwork welds and bolts shall be checked. These shall comply with drawings
and specifications.

A visual check shall be carried out on all modules and loose materials.

Dimensions of all materials and prefabricated parts shall be checked against those shown in
the drawings together with those indicated in project specifications.

Steel preassembly

The prefabricated structure shall be preassembled at shop and checked for compliance with
approved drawings.

Refractory and insulating material

Check that material characteristics comply with the codes and the certificates required by
Company as listed in project specifications.

Test condition carried out according to applicable ASTM specifications.

Painting

Painting, coating and galvanising including testing and inspection shall be in accordance with
Company specification 20000.VAR.PAI.FUN and project specifications.

11.3 TESTING

Water for hydraulic tests shall be potable.

Hydrostatic testing of austenitic stainless steel pipe shall be carried out in accordance with the
following procedure:

a) For piping that can be completely drained, the chloride content of hydrostatic testing
water shall not exceed 50 ppm by mass (50 mg/kg).
b) For piping that cannot be completely drained, the chloride content of hydrostatic testing
water shall not exceed 2 ppm and the conductivity shall not exceed 20 S/cm.
c) Piping shall be carefully drained and purged after the hydrostatic test. Drying by means
of heating of the piping is not acceptable.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

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 eni spa 04927.PKG.MEC.SPC
Rev 02 – December 2015
Page 25 of 25

12.PRESERVATION, STORAGE, HANDLING & SHIPPING

12.1 GENERAL

Material for site erection shall be packed and any box clearly related to the packing list
indicating all mark necessary for the erection activity. Where possible, material will be packed
taking into account the sequence of assembly.

All carbon steel parts shall be externally painted in accordance with the Company specification
20000.VAR.PAI.FUN.

12.2 INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROLS

Cable entries, process line connections and pneumatic tubing connections shall be plugged or
capped.

Valves that are shipped separately from the equipment shall be protected with an appropriate
preservative, blinded off with bolted metal covers and gaskets, and sealed with Denso tape.

Items such as panels, cabinets and junction boxes containing electronic or electrical
components shall be sealed with tape or polyethylene sheeting after the installation of silica
gel bags. Panel fronts shall be fitted with protective plywood sheets. Any item containing
desiccant shall be clearly identified.

Individual instruments shall be preserved in polyethylene sheeting/bags with silica gel bags, or
by silica gel bags installed within the instrument housing and resealing the unit with tape.

Locally mounted gauges with glass fronts shall be protected by small plywood boxes, or shall
be removed and separately shipped after suitable packing/protection.

12.3 PIPEWORK AND VALVES

Following hydrotest, piping shall be drained and, where required, coated with an approved
preservative.

All open-end pipe and tubing shall be fitted with plastic end caps, held in place by waterproof
tape.

Flanged pipe ends shall be blinded off using bolted metal covers and gaskets, and sealed with
Denso tape.

All external machined surfaces on valves shall be coated with an approved preservative.

Valves shall be left in the open or closed position in accordance with Supplier's
recommendations and valve internals shall be protected with approved suitable preservatives.

12.4 SURFACE FINISHING

Ladders and walkways shall be hot dip galvanised in accordance with specification
20000.VAR.PAI.FUN.

Carbon steel surfaces shall be sandblasted and painted (primer and finish coats) according to
specification 20000.VAR.PAI.FUN.

Individual components such as blowers etc. shall be painted as per the Supplier’s standard.

ENGINEERING COMPANY STANDARD

Documento riservato di proprietà di eni spa. Esso non sarà mostrato a terzi né utilizzato per scopi diversi da quelli per i quali è stato inviato.
This document is property of eni spa. It shall neither be shown to third parties not used for purposes other than those for which it has been sent.