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    Formulation Ration Poultry

    Uploaded by

    Azar Azhar
    The document outlines 12 steps for formulating poultry rations. It then provides an example problem to formulate a 100 kg broiler starter ration using various feed ingredients like maize, soybean meal, rice bran, fishmeal, and supplements. The formulation involves first fixing quantities of animal protein and cereal byproducts. Proportions of maize and soybean meal are then determined using the Pearson square method to achieve the desired crude protein level. Nutrient contents are calculated and balanced for crude protein, metabolizable energy, calcium, phosphorus, lysine, and methionine by adding quantities of ingredients or supplements. The final ration meets all the nutrient requirements specified in the standards.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Formulation Ration Poultry

    Uploaded by

    Azar Azhar
    31 views5 pages
    The document outlines 12 steps for formulating poultry rations. It then provides an example problem to formulate a 100 kg broiler starter ration using various feed ingredients like maize, soybean meal, rice bran, fishmeal, and supplements. The formulation involves first fixing quantities of animal protein and cereal byproducts. Proportions of maize and soybean meal are then determined using the Pearson square method to achieve the desired crude protein level. Nutrient contents are calculated and balanced for crude protein, metabolizable energy, calcium, phosphorus, lysine, and methionine by adding quantities of ingredients or supplements. The final ration meets all the nutrient requirements specified in the standards.

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    Dr azar poultry science

    Original Title

    Formulation Ration Poultry Converted

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    The document outlines 12 steps for formulating poultry rations. It then provides an example problem to formulate a 100 kg broiler starter ration using various feed ingredients like maize, soybean meal, rice bran, fishmeal, and supplements. The formulation involves first fixing quantities of animal protein and cereal byproducts. Proportions of maize and soybean meal are then determined using the Pearson square method to achieve the desired crude protein level. Nutrient contents are calculated and balanced for crude protein, metabolizable energy, calcium, phosphorus, lysine, and methionine by adding quantities of ingredients or supplements. The final ration meets all the nutrient requirements specified in the standards.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    31 views5 pages

    Formulation Ration Poultry

    Uploaded by

    Azar Azhar
    The document outlines 12 steps for formulating poultry rations. It then provides an example problem to formulate a 100 kg broiler starter ration using various feed ingredients like maize, soybean meal, rice bran, fishmeal, and supplements. The formulation involves first fixing quantities of animal protein and cereal byproducts. Proportions of maize and soybean meal are then determined using the Pearson square method to achieve the desired crude protein level. Nutrient contents are calculated and balanced for crude protein, metabolizable energy, calcium, phosphorus, lysine, and methionine by adding quantities of ingredients or supplements. The final ration meets all the nutrient requirements specified in the standards.

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    FORMULATION OF RATION FOR POULTRY

    (BIS 1992)

    There are 12 steps

    1. Fix/ leave slack space: 5 kg


    For nutritive and non-nutritive feed additives, natural feed ingredients added
    at later stage while balancing the ration.
    2. Fix level of Animal Protein (fish meal/meat meal etc.): 10 kg (for broiler
    starter, broiler finisher and Chick feeds). Its level may be reduced to 7 kg in
    the ration of grower and layer)
    3. Fix level of cereal by-products: 8 kg (for broiler starter, broiler finisher and
    Chick feeds). Its levels may be increased up to 15-20% in the ration of
    grower and layer)
    4. Calculate proportion of Energy feed and Vegetable protein through
    Pearson square method
    5. Balance ME content: First calculate ME supply from above ingredients
    (already worked out from above steps), if there is shortage it can be meet out
    by addition of animal fat, vegetable oil or maize grain depending on the cost
    availability.
    6. Balance Available phosphorus: Available P is considered as 30 % of the
    total P content present in vegetable sources i.e. grains, grain byproducts, oil
    seed cake/meal. Total P present in animal sources and inorganic mineral
    supplements is considered as 100 % available P. Calculate available P
    supply from the above feed ingredients, total it. If there is shortage can be
    meet out by addition of desired quantity of DCP (Di calcium phosphate).
    7. Balance Calcium Content: First calculate Ca supply through above feed
    ingredients and DCP and total it. If there is any shortage it can be meet out
    by addition of desired quantity of lime stone powder/other calcium
    supplement (In layer ration about 4 % Oyster shell grit/calcite grit is
    essentially added as a source of Ca).
    8. Balance Sodium content: Usually Na supply from feed ingredients is not
    calculated and common salt is incorporated @ 0.5 %. However, if animal
    sources like fishmeal/meat meal contains higher level of salt then
    accordingly you adjust the addition of common salt.

    1
    9. Balance Limiting amino acids (Lysine & Methionine): Calculate supply
    of both amino acids from above all feed ingredients, total it and compare
    with requirements, if there is any deficit, it can be meet out by addition of
    synthetic L-Lysine and DL-Methionine available in the market.
    10. Check Crude fiber level: calculate CF contributed by different feed
    ingredients, total it and compare with recommended Max. CF levels given in
    the feeing standard, it should not be higher than that level.
    11. Finally total, quantities of feed ingredients and each nutrients it should
    match with the recommended nutrient levels given in the feeding standards.
    12. Vit A. D3 K, E, Choline etc. are necessarily added. In addition to this toxin
    binder, Antibiotic growth promoters/probiotics, preservatives are also added.

    Problem 1: Formulate 100 kg broiler starter (as per BIS 1992) ration using following
    feed ingredients/ supplements: Maize, GNC/soya Doc, Deoiled Rice Bran (DORB),
    Fishmeal, Di-calcium phosphate (DCP), Lime Stone Powder (LSP), Synthetic Lysine,
    Methionine, Trace mineral & vitamin mixture.

    Nutrient CP ME Ca Available Lysine Methionine CF


    Requirement % Kcal/Kg % P % % %
    Broiler starter %
    (BIS,1992) 23 2800 1.2 0.5 1.2 0.5 6.0

    Chemical composition of feed ingredients/ supplements


    Feed ingredient/ DM CP EE CF ME Ca P Lysine Methio
    supplement % % % % Kcal/kg % % % -nine
    %
    Maize 89 9.0 3.8 2.2 3340 0.02 0.28 0.22 0.18
    GNC (Expeller) 90 40 7.3 13.0 2600 0.16 0.56 1.5 0.42
    DORB 91 13.5 0.6 14.0 2200 0.07 1.50 0.6 0.25
    Fish meal 91 42 5.0 1.0 2400 3.73 2.43 3.2 1.10
    DCP - - - - - 21.0 18.5 - -
    LSP - - - - - 36.0 - - -
    Lysine - - - - - - - 100 --
    Methionine - - - - - - - - 100

    2
    Step 1: leave slack space: 05 kg

    Step 2: Fix level of Animal Protein (fish meal): 10 kg

    Step 3: Fix level of cereal by-products i.e. DORB: 08 kg

    __________
    Total Quantity fixed 23 kg
    __________

    Now calculate CP supply from above quantity CP (kg)


    Slack space: 05 kg …………. .0.00
    Fish meal (if CP content is 42 %)10 kg – 42/100x10 = 4.20
    DORB (if CP value is 13.50 %) 08 kg – 13.50/100x8 =1.08
    5.28

    CP required to be supplemented through 77 kg [(100 (qty. to be prepared) - 23 kg (qty.


    already fixed)] is 17.72 kg [23 (required CP) – 5.28 (CP supplied by qty. of ingredients
    fixed)]
    Therefore CP desired in percentage will be 17.72/77x100 = 23.01 %

    Step 4: Calculate proportion of Energy feed and Vegetable protein through Pearson
    square method
    Maize CP 9 % 17

    Desired
    CP23%

    GNC
    CP 40% 14
    ___________
    Total 31
    ___________

    In Pearson square method is used to get the proportion of two feeds, in our case, maize
    and GNC. Desired level of CP in the mixture is kept in middle of the square while at left
    upper corner CP value of maize and at left lower corner CP content of GNC is kept. All
    three values should be in %. First minus values of left upper and left lower corners from

    3
    the middle value. Always minus lower value from higher one diagonally as shown in the
    above square, viz. 40 - 23 = 17 keep on right upper corner (indicate proportion of GNC),
    similarly 23 – 9 = 14 (indicate proportion of maize), keep this value at right lower corner.
    Now, make total of values at right corners. Then work out the proportion of two feeds as
    shown below
    Proportion of maize in the remaining quantity (77 kg) = 17/31x77 = 42.22 kg
    Proportion of GNC in the remaining quantity (77 kg) = 14/31x77 = 34.78 kg

    Ingredients Qty CP ME Av. Ca Ly Me CF


    (kg) % Kcal/kg P% % % % %

    NR (BIS1992) - 23 2800 0.5 1.2 1.2 0.5 6.0


    Fish meal 10.00 4.20 240.00 0.243 0.373 0.320 0.110 0.10
    DORB 08.00 1.08 176.00 0.120 0.006 0.048 0.020 1.12
    Maize 42.22 3.78 1410.15 0.118 0.008 0.093 0.076 0.93
    GNC 34.78 13.91 904.28 0.195 0.556 0.522 0.146 4.52
    Total -- 22.97 2730.43 0.373 0.943 0.983 0.352 6.67
    Shortage -- 00.03 69.57 0.127 0.257 0.217 0.148 --
    Maize(balancing of ME) 02.00 00.18 68.80 -- -- -- -- --
    DCP 0.690 -- -- 0.128 0.145 -- -- --
    Shortage of Ca -- -- -- -- 0.112 -- -- --
    LSP 0.315 -- -- -- 0.113 -- -- --
    Lysine 0.217 -- -- -- -- 0.217 0.148 --
    Methionine 0.148 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
    TM+Vit+ other additives 1.630 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
    Total 100.0 23.15 2799.23 0.501 1.201 1.200 0.500 6.67

    How nutrient supply is calculated


    1. CP (kg) = CP value/100 x quantity of feed (kg). The CP content of fish meal is 42 %
    and quantity added is 10 kg. Therefore, CP supply through fish meal will be 42/100 x
    10 = 4.2 kg. Similarly CP supply from other ingredients is find out.
    2. ME (kcal/kg) = ME content x quantity of feed/ 100. For example ME content of
    maize is 3340 kcal/kg and quantity incorporated is 42.22 kg. Therefore, ME supply
    through maize will be 3340 x 42.22 = 141014.8/100 = 1410.15 kcal/kg. Similarly
    ME supply from other ingredients is find out.
    3. Available P, (only 30 % of P present in vegetable sources is considered as available
    P) first P supply from vegetable sources (maize. DORB and GNC) is calculated
    individually, thereafter total supply of P from vegetable sources is worked out, then
    30 % of this total is considered to get the available P. While in case of fish meal and
    di-calcium phosphate whatever P present is considered as available P. For example in
    our case P supply through DORB, Maize and GNC is 0.120, 0.118 and 0.195 kg,

    4
    respectively. Sum total of these values is 0.433 kg and 30 % of this is calculated as
    30/100x 0.433= 0.130 kg i.e. actually added.

    Step 5. ME is balanced by addition of 2 kg maize grain (within the slack place provided in
    step 1)
    Step 6. Available P is balanced by addition of 0.690 kg DCP (within the slack place
    provided in step 1)
    Step 7. Ca is balanced by addition of 0.315 kg LSP (within the slack place
    provided in step 1) because 0.145 kg Ca is also available through DCP
    Step 8. Na may be balance by addition of 0.50% common salt.
    Step 9 & 10. Lysine and methionine are balanced by addition of same quantity i.e. 0.217
    Kg and 0.148 kg synthetic lysine & methionine, respectively (within the slack
    place provided in step 1)
    Step 11. CF level is higher by 0.67 %, this is because of higher level of CF in DORB (14
    %), therefore DORB should checked before use for CF level, it should not be higher.

    Note: by using same steps you can formulate diets for (Practice at home)

    Problem 2. Prepare 100 kg ration for broiler finisher using same above feed ingredients and
    Supplements.
    Note: You can fix quantity of fish meal, DORB at same levels as in case of broiler starter.

    Problem 3. Prepare 100 kg ration for chick using same above feed ingredients and
    Supplements..
    Note: You can fix quantity of fish meal, DORB at same levels as in case of broiler starter.

    Problem 4. Prepare 100 kg ration for growing chicken using same above feed ingredients and
    Supplements.
    Note: in this case, animal protein feed (fish meal) may be fixed at 8 kg instead of
    10kg and DORB may be fixed at 25 kg in place of 08 kg..

    Problem 5. Prepare 100 kg ration for Laying chick using same feed ingredients and
    Supplements.

    Note: in this case, animal protein feed (fish meal) may be fixed at 8 kg instead of
    10kg and DORB may be fixed at 15 kg in place of 08 kg. In addition to this Oyster
    shell grit/ calcite grit must be incorporated @ 4 %, therefore fix quantity of this
    initially at 4 kg.

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