The document lists the areas of the brain and their functions, but contains several errors in the matching of areas to functions. It asks the reader to identify the incorrect matches. Many areas are described as having functions that are actually associated with different brain areas. For example, the amygdala is described as the area for high-level thinking, but it actually processes emotions; and the hippocampus is described as forming new memories, but it actually processes sensory information.
The document lists the areas of the brain and their functions, but contains several errors in the matching of areas to functions. It asks the reader to identify the incorrect matches. Many areas are described as having functions that are actually associated with different brain areas. For example, the amygdala is described as the area for high-level thinking, but it actually processes emotions; and the hippocampus is described as forming new memories, but it actually processes sensory information.
The document lists the areas of the brain and their functions, but contains several errors in the matching of areas to functions. It asks the reader to identify the incorrect matches. Many areas are described as having functions that are actually associated with different brain areas. For example, the amygdala is described as the area for high-level thinking, but it actually processes emotions; and the hippocampus is described as forming new memories, but it actually processes sensory information.
The document lists the areas of the brain and their functions, but contains several errors in the matching of areas to functions. It asks the reader to identify the incorrect matches. Many areas are described as having functions that are actually associated with different brain areas. For example, the amygdala is described as the area for high-level thinking, but it actually processes emotions; and the hippocampus is described as forming new memories, but it actually processes sensory information.
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HHG4M – Secondary question 3.1.
There are errors in this exercise: a number of areas of the brain are not associated with the accurate function. Identify these errors.
Area of the Brain Function
Amygdala In this area, high-level mental processing occurs such as
thinking, decision making, and planning. Our personality develops through practice in knowing how to think before we speak or act.
Brainstem Commands muscle movements responsible for posture and
balance.
Cerebellum The area of the brain where new memories are formed. It is one of the first regions of the brain affected by Alzheimer’s disease.
Corpus callosum The dominant hemisphere where language, logical thinking
and analysis, and mathematical skills are represented.
Frontal lobe These two, almond-shaped structures allow you to feel
certain emotions and perceive them in others, especially fear and stress.
Grey matter This area of the brain acts as a command centre,
communicating with the rest of the body through the autonomic nervous system to control involuntary functions such as breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate. It allows the body to go into states of fight or flight or rest and digest.
Hippocampus Tissue in the central nervous system containing unmyelinated
axons and capillaries gives a pinkish-grey tone. This tissue directs sensory and motor stimuli to nerve cells where synapses induce a response to the stimuli.
Hypothalamus Including the pons, medulla oblongata, and midbrain, it
connects nerves from motor and sensory systems of the cortex to the peripheral nervous system. It regulates cardiac and respiratory functions, consciousness, and sleep cycles.
Left hemisphere Part of the motor cortex, this area is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements by stimulating muscles in various parts of the body such as those used in facial expressions or in the act of kicking a ball. HHG4M – Secondary question 3.1.1
Limbic system The nerve fibres linking the left and right cerebral hemispheres
Medulla oblongata Interprets visual information allowing us to organize data and
(bulb) develop spatial organization and cognitive awareness.
Motor area or Referred to as the master, it monitors and regulates many
Brodmann’s Area functions such as growth and sexual reproduction development; glands such as thyroid and gonads; and organs such as kidneys and breasts.
Occipital lobe Transfers messages from the brain to the spinal cord; it functions involuntarily regulating blood pressure and breathing.
Parietal lobe Receives and processes sensory information such as taste,
pain, and temperature. It allows for the integration of sensory information necessary for sensation and perception.
Pituitary gland Processes sensory information from touch and pressure but (apophysis) on the opposite side of the body
Pons This system is associated with the autonomic nervous system
that regulates involuntary functions such as the sense of smell, emotions, and memory. It includes the amygdala, hippocampus, and thalamus.
Right hemisphere Receives and processes olfactory and auditory information,
which allows for speech and words to develop through memories, emotional responses, and visual perception.
Sensory area Tissue found in the central nervous system contains nerve fibres. The myelin covering the nerve fibres, or axons, helps transmit information quickly from one area of the cerebrum to another. The myelin gives it its colour.
Temporal lobe This structure relays sensory and motor signals to the relevant cortical areas of the brain. It is involved in the visual system, auditory system, touch, sleep, and wakefulness.
Thalamus Controls the left side of the body and is responsible for imagination, creativity, verbal inflection, and musicality.
White matter Relays messages between the upper cortex and lower parts of the brain (cerebellum); plays a key role in sleep and dreaming where REM sleep occurs. HHG4M – Secondary question 3.1.1
