MEP Jamaica: STRAND G UNIT 22 Algebraic Concepts: Student Text Answers

Student Text UNIT 22 Algebraic Concepts Answers

22.1 Simplifying Expressions

1. (a) 6a (b) 3a + 12 (c) 11a + 6b (d) 4x + 11y

(e) 13x – y (f) 2a + 10b (g) 3a + b + 6 (h) 6p – 7q
(i) –7x + 3y (j) 2x - p (k) 15x – 9z (l) –14x + 5z
(m) 8a + 4q – 6x (n) –p – q + x + z (o) 3x – 2y + 10 (p) 21x –- 32q
(q) 2y (r) 2x (s) –19x + 11y (t) 23x – 18y – 4
(u) –7x – 10y (v) –4p + 4q

2. (a) 6 x 2 + 8 x (b) x 2 + 13 x + 10 (c) 2 x 2 + 10 x

(d) 5 x 2 + 2 x + 10 (e) – x 2 + 7 x (f) 3 x 2 − 2 y 2
(g) 2 x 2 + y 2 − x − y (h) 5 x 2 − 3 x − 10 (i) 3 x 2 − 3 y 2 − x − y
(j) 5 x 2 + 2 y − 4 (k) 5ab + cd (l) 2 xy + 5 xz
(m) 11ab − 3ad (n) 9 pq − 3qr

3. (a) 3x + 15 (b) 24 + 4x (c) 7x + 14 (d) 2x + 12

(e) 5x + 10 (f) 8x + 12 (g) 15x + 10 (h) 40x + 24
(i) 7x – 42 (j) 40 – 8x (k) 8x – 28 (l) 35x – 21

(m) 18x – 30 (n) 4x – 8y (o) 5x + 10y + 15z (p) 5 x + x 2

(q) 2 a − a 2 (r) 4b – 12 (s) 2 x 2 − 12 x (t) 8 x 2 + 12 x

(u) 21x − 6 x 2 (v) 8 x 2 − 40 x

4. (a) 7a + 26 (b) 7x + 23 (c) 8x + 22 (d) 2 x 2 + 7 x

(e) x 2 + 9 x + 4 (f) 12a +17b
x−2
5. (a) 5 ( x − y) or 5 x − 5 y (b) 7x (c)
8
5 11 13 3
(d) x (e) − 2 − y (f) y−
4 2 8 4
5x − 2
6.
6

22.2 Simple Equations

1. (a) x=4 (b) x=9 (c) x=3 (d) x = 12 (e) x = 14
(f) x = –2 (g) x=9 (h) x=4 (i) x = 18 (j) x=8
(k) x = 34 (l) x=7 (m) x = 10 (n) x = 24 (o) x = 50
(p) x = 12 (q) x = 21 (r) x = 66 (s) x=8 (t) x=6
(u) x = 26 (v) x = 36 (w) x = 15 (x) x=4

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 MEP Jamaica: STRAND G UNIT 22 Algebraic Concepts: Student Text Answers

Student Text UNIT 22 Algebraic Concepts Answers

22.2
2. (a) x = –4 (b) x = –5 (c) x = 3 (d) x = –6 (e) x = –4
(f) x = –14 (g) x = –6 (h) x = –8 (i) x = −12 (j) x = −16
(k) x = − 3 (l) x = − 20 (m) x = 8 (n) x = 8 (o) x = 6
(p) x = –5 (q) x = –10 (r) x = − 26

3. (a) x + 110° = 180° ; x = 70° (b) x + 92° = 180° ; x = 88°

(c) x + 110° = 180° ; x = 149° (d) 42° + x + 40° = 180° ; x = 98°
4. x – 2 = 16; x = 18

5. 12 × x = 54 ; x = £4.50

6. x + 3 = 41; x = £38

7. 52 is double Melanie's number, so the number is half of 52. It is 26.

Alternatively, x × 2 = 52 , so x = 26 .

8. 24 is double Lennox's number, so his number is half of 24. It is 12.

Alternatively, x × 2 = 24 , so x = 12 .

9. George is 11 years old. Carla is 11 − 2 = 9 years old.

Grace is twice as old as Carla, so Grace is 9 × 2 = 18 years old.

22.3 Solving Equations

1. (a) x = 14 (b) x = 9 (c) x = 14 (d) x = 8 (e) x = 4

1 −5
(f) x = 1 (g) x = − 4 (h) x = − 1 (i) x = (j) x = 7
3 3
3
(k) x = 6 (l) x = − 2 (m) x = 10 (n) x = 1 (o) x=
5
1 1 −3
(p) x = −2 (q) x = (r) x = (s) x = − 3 (t) x = 0
2 5 4
−2
(u) x = (v) x = 36 (w) x = 15 (x) x = 5
5
13
2. (a) x = − 3 (b) x = − 6 (c) x = (d) x = 14
4
(e) x = 4 (f) x = 10 (g) x = 1 (h) x = − 3 (i) x = 13
2
(j) x = 3 (k) x = 4 (l) x = (m) x = 3 (n) x = 2
3
5 1
(o) x = (p) x = 4 (q) x = 2 (r) x = (s) x = 8
3 2
(t) x = 12 (u) x = 32 (v) x = 14 (w) x = 39 (x) x = 12

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 MEP Jamaica: STRAND G UNIT 22 Algebraic Concepts: Student Text Answers

Student Text UNIT 22 Algebraic Concepts Answers

22.3
3. (a) (3x + 40) + 80 + x = 360 ; x = 60°

(b) ( x + 10) + ( x + 30) + (2 x + 30) + x = 360 ; x = 58°

(c) ( x + 10) + ( x + 30) + ( x − 10) = 360 ; x = 110°

(d) (140 − x ) + (120 − x ) + (180 − x ) = 360° ; x = 26 23 °

4. x + x + ( x + 1) + ( x + 1) = 10 ; x = 2 m

5. 2 x + 10 = 42 ; x = 16
6. 6 x − 8 = 34 ; x = 7

7. (a) $ (12 + x ) (b) $ (2 + x ) (c) (12 + x ) = 3 (2 + x ) (d) x = 3 (e) $3

8. (a) ( x + 6) × 2 = 18 ; x= 3 (b) ( x ÷ 2) + 10 = 16 ; x = 12

(c) [( x ÷ 2) + 2] × 2 = 9 ; x= 5 (d) [( x − 7) ÷ 2] × 10 = 115 ; x = 30

9. x + ( x + 1) + ( x + 2) + ( x + 3) = 114 ; x = 27

10. 6
11. (a) y = 2 x + 1 (b) x = 4
12. (a) 7 (b) 4
13. x=2
1
14. (a) x = 4 (b) y = 4
2
15. (a) (3x + 1) cm (b) (i) 3 x + 1 = 22 (ii) 7 cm, 5 cm and 10 cm
16. (a) 2x cents (b) (x + 20) cents (c) 60 cents
17. x=4

22.4 Algebraic Manipulation

b−d −1
1. (a) − a − b (b) (c) (d) 4 a + 6
a−c a−b
c−b a−c a−2
(e) (f) (g) (h) a
3 b−d 3
p+q −5 − a ab
(i) (j) 3a + 2 b (k) (l)
q− p 3 4−a

P b Qa + b q2 y + y
2. (a) (b) (c) (d)
1− P P−a Q −1 q2 − 1

− 2 − 3a 4c − b p2 −2 2
(e) (f) (g) (h) or
a −1 3 1 − p2 w2 − 1 1 − w2

w2 + 2 2 3p − 2 gy + y
(i) (j) ± (k) ± (l) ±
1 − w2 p −1 p −1 1− g

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 MEP Jamaica: STRAND G UNIT 22 Algebraic Concepts: Student Text Answers

Student Text UNIT 22 Algebraic Concepts Answers

22.5 Algebraic Fractions

9x 11x 8x 41y 23 y
1. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
20 28 15 21 20
13 y 19 x x 9x 27 x
(f) (g) (h) (i) (j)
7 70 6 8 24
5a + 4 b 8 x + 3y 5a − 3b 10 a + 12 b 32 a − 27b
(k) (l) (m) (n) (o)
20 24 15 15 36

4y + 2x 6y − x y + 3x 5 8b + 3a
2. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
xy xy xy a 2 ab

10 b − 3a 25b + 12 a 23 17 21b − 16 a
(f) (g) (h) (i) (j)
6 ab 15ab 15a 28a 24 ab
1 11
(k) (l)
12a 8a

2x + 1 3x + 4 7x + 3 4 x + 10 4x + 2
3. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
x ( x + 1) x ( x + 2) x ( x + 1) x ( x + 2) x ( x + 2)

14 x − 12 −6 6 x − 10 27 x + 42 17 x − 49
(f) (g) (h) (i) (j)
3 x ( x + 3) x ( x + 1) x ( x − 5) 5 x ( x + 6) 2 x ( x − 7)

23 x − 50 7x − 8
(k) (l)
3 x ( x − 10) 3 x ( x − 8)

2x + 3 2x 7
4. (a) (b) (c)
( x + 1) ( x + 2) ( x + 1) ( x + 1) ( x + 2)
6 x − 28 −x − 2 x + 35
(d) (e) (f)
( x − 2)( x − 6) ( x + 3)( x + 4) ( x + 7)( x − 7)
8 x + 28 − 2 x + 30 8 x + 27
(g) (h) (i)
( x − 4)(8 + x ) ( x − 4)( x + 7) ( x + 6)( x − 1)
5x − 2 − 6x 17 x − 7
(j) (k) (l)
(2 x + 6)(3x − 8) (2 x + 5)(5 − 4 x ) (2 x − 1)(3x − 1)
37 x + 13 18 x + 4
(m) (n)
(2 x + 3)(5 x − 1) (3x − 7)(2 x + 3)

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 MEP Jamaica: STRAND G UNIT 22 Algebraic Concepts: Student Text Answers

Student Text UNIT 22 Algebraic Concepts Answers

22.5
3x 2 15 x 5x 2 − 3x
5. (a) (b) (c)
( x + 1)( x − 2) ( x − 7)(2 x + 1) ( x − 1)(3x − 1)
x 2 + 3 x + 12 8 x 2 + 11x 5x
(d) (e) (f)
( x + 3)( x − 1) ( x − 3)( x + 4) (2 − x )(4 x − 3)
5 x 2 − 13 x − 4 x 2 − 14 x x 2 − 4 x − 18
(g) (h) (i)
(5 − x )( x + 1) (4 + x )( x + 6) ( x + 6)( x − 1)
15 − pq
6.
3q

5a − 9
7.
a ( a − 3)

y−6
8. (a) m − 2 (b)
y ( y − 2)

5−x 5−x
9. or
( x − 1) ( x + 1) x2 − 1

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