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    7 2 Backup Database

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    Stephen Efange
    The document provides instructions for backing up an Oracle database using RMAN in different modes including NOARCHIVELOG mode, with or without a catalog database, specifying different device types, and making incremental backups. Key steps include starting the database listener and instance, controlling the archivelog mode, performing backups with RMAN including archived redo logs, datafiles and tablespaces. Compressed, incremental and image copy backups are also demonstrated.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    7 2 Backup Database

    Uploaded by

    Stephen Efange
    13 views6 pages
    The document provides instructions for backing up an Oracle database using RMAN in different modes including NOARCHIVELOG mode, with or without a catalog database, specifying different device types, and making incremental backups. Key steps include starting the database listener and instance, controlling the archivelog mode, performing backups with RMAN including archived redo logs, datafiles and tablespaces. Compressed, incremental and image copy backups are also demonstrated.

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    7_2_backup_database

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    The document provides instructions for backing up an Oracle database using RMAN in different modes including NOARCHIVELOG mode, with or without a catalog database, specifying different device types, and making incremental backups. Key steps include starting the database listener and instance, controlling the archivelog mode, performing backups with RMAN including archived redo logs, datafiles and tablespaces. Compressed, incremental and image copy backups are also demonstrated.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    13 views6 pages

    7 2 Backup Database

    Uploaded by

    Stephen Efange
    The document provides instructions for backing up an Oracle database using RMAN in different modes including NOARCHIVELOG mode, with or without a catalog database, specifying different device types, and making incremental backups. Key steps include starting the database listener and instance, controlling the archivelog mode, performing backups with RMAN including archived redo logs, datafiles and tablespaces. Compressed, incremental and image copy backups are also demonstrated.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    ############################################

    --if it is not running already then start listener


    $ lsnrctl start

    --if it is not started already, startup database


    $ sqlplus / as sysdba

    SQL> startup
    ############################################

    --Backing Up a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode

    --Control archivelog mod


    $ sqlplus / as sysdba

    SQL> archive log list

    SQL> select log_mode from v$database;

    --close archivelog mode


    SQL> shutdown immediate;

    SQL> startup mount;

    SQL> alter database flashback off;

    SQL> col name format a30


    SQL> select name, guarantee_flashback_database, pdb_restore_point,
    clean_pdb_restore_point, pdb_incarnation#, storage_size from v$restore_point;

    SQL> drop restore point grp_cdb;

    SQL> alter database noarchivelog;

    SQL> alter database open;

    SQL> archive log list

    SQL> select log_mode from v$database;

    --start backup with RMAN


    $ rman target /

    RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE


    TAG 'BACKUP_NOARCHIVELOG';

    --shut down database before backing up


    SQL> shutdown immediate;

    SQL> startup mount;

    --start backup with RMAN


    $ rman target /

    RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE


    TAG 'BACKUP_NOARCHIVELOG';

    --open the database.


    RMAN> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

    --open archivelog mode


    $ sqlplus / as sysdba

    SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

    --change log_mode to archive log back


    SQL> shutdown immediate;

    SQL> startup mount;

    SQL> alter database archivelog;

    SQL> alter database flashback on;

    SQL> alter database open;

    SQL> archive log list

    SQL> select log_mode,flashback_on from v$database;

    #######################
    --back up without catalog database
    $ rman target /

    RMAN> SHOW ALL;

    --backup whole database


    RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;
    RMAN> BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL;
    --or
    RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
    #######################

    --backup with catalog database


    --connect on primary server
    $ rman target sys/oracle@primary catalog rcatown/rcatown@rcatpdb

    RMAN> SHOW ALL;

    --connect on rmancat server


    $ rman target sys/oracle@primary catalog rcatown/rcatown@rcatpdb

    RMAN> SHOW ALL;

    RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;

    --Specifying the Device Type for an RMAN Backup


    RMAN> SHOW DEVICE TYPE;

    RMAN> BACKUP
    DEVICE TYPE DISK
    DATABASE;

    ####OPTION######
    --if you have tape unite in your system you can arrange sbt as device type
    RMAN> BACKUP
    DEVICE TYPE SBT
    DATABASE;

    --to configure tape as default device type


    RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE SBT PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
    ################

    --Backing Up Archived Redo Logs with RMAN options


    --with sequence range
    SQL> select sequence# from v$archived_log;

    RMAN> BACKUP ARCHIVELOG


    FROM SEQUENCE 1
    UNTIL SEQUENCE 3;

    --with time range


    RMAN> BACKUP ARCHIVELOG
    FROM TIME 'SYSDATE-30'
    UNTIL TIME 'SYSDATE-7';

    --To back up archived redo logs that need backup


    RMAN> BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL NOT BACKED UP 2 TIMES;

    --delete archive logs after backup


    $ cd /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/ORCL/archivelog

    $ ls -ltr

    RMAN> BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL DELETE INPUT;

    RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE INPUT;

    --backup of root container


    RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE ROOT TAG 'ROOT_DB_BACKUP';

    --backup of pluggable database


    RMAN> BACKUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1 TAG 'PDB1_BACKUP';

    --To back up one PDB while connected to the PDB


    $ rman target sys/oracle@pdb1 catalog rcatown/rcatown@rcatpdb

    $ rman target sys/oracle@pdb1

    RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;

    --backup of tablespace
    --when connected to pdb1
    RMAN> BACKUP TABLESPACE tbs_data;

    --when connected to cdb or catalog


    RMAN> BACKUP TABLESPACE pdb1:tbs_data;

    --backup of datafile
    SQL> sqlplus / as sysdba

    SQL> col name format a30


    SQL> select df.file#,df.name
    from v$datafile df, v$tablespace ts
    where df.ts#=ts.ts# and ts.name='TBS_DATA';

    RMAN> BACKUP DATAFILE 19;

    --Making Image Copies


    RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY
    DEVICE TYPE DISK
    DATABASE
    TAG full_cold_copy;

    --Making Backup Sets


    RMAN> BACKUP AS BACKUPSET
    DATAFILE 20
    TAG backup_df20;

    --Backing up an existing backup copy


    RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY
    COPY OF DATABASE
    FROM TAG full_cold_copy
    TAG new_full_cold_copy;

    --Specifying a Format for RMAN Backups


    --create a directory for backups
    $ mkdir /home/oracle/backups

    --specifies a location on the file system


    RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE
    FORMAT "/home/oracle/backups/backup_%U";

    --check the new directory


    $ cd backups
    $ ls -ltr

    ##########################
    --To back up a database to multiple disk drives
    --Allocate one DISK channel for each disk drive and specify a format so that the
    file names are on different disks.
    RMAN> RUN
    {
    ALLOCATE CHANNEL disk1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk1/%d_backups/%U';
    ALLOCATE CHANNEL disk2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk2/%d_backups/%U';
    ALLOCATE CHANNEL disk3 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk3/%d_backups/%U';
    BACKUP AS COPY DATABASE;
    }

    --You can configure multiple disk channels so that backups will be distributed to
    multiple disk drives by default
    RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 3;
    RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;
    RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL 1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk1/%d_backups/%U';
    RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL 2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk2/%d_backups/%U';
    RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL 3 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk3/%d_backups/%U';
    RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY DATABASE;
    ##########################
    --Making Compressed Backups
    RMAN> BACKUP
    AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET
    DATABASE
    FORMAT "/home/oracle/backups/backupcmprs_%U";

    $ du -h backup*

    --Backing Up Control Files with RMAN

    --manual backup of the control file


    RMAN> SHOW CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP;

    RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF;

    RMAN> BACKUP CURRENT CONTROLFILE;

    RMAN> BACKUP DEVICE TYPE DISK


    TABLESPACE pdb1:tbs_indx
    INCLUDE CURRENT CONTROLFILE;

    --Backing Up a Control File Copy


    RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY
    CURRENT CONTROLFILE
    FORMAT '/home/oracle/backups/control01.ctl';

    RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

    --backing up server parameter files with RMAN


    RMAN> BACKUP SPFILE;

    RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY


    SPFILE
    FORMAT '/home/oracle/backups/spfile01.pfile';

    --To make an incremental backup:


    RMAN> BACKUP
    INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0
    DATABASE
    TAG 'INCREMENTAL_FULL';

    --To make a differential incremental backup. It only backs up those data blocks
    changed since the most recent level 1 or level 0 backup.
    RMAN> BACKUP
    INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1
    DATABASE
    TAG 'INCREMENTAL_DIFFERENTIAL';

    --To make a cumulative incremental backup, backing up all blocks changed since the
    most recent level 0 backup.
    RMAN> BACKUP
    INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 CUMULATIVE
    DATABASE;
    TAG 'INCREMENTAL_CUMULATIVE';
    --Basic Incremental Update Script
    RMAN> RUN
    {
    RECOVER COPY OF DATABASE
    WITH TAG 'full_copy';
    BACKUP
    INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1
    FOR RECOVER OF COPY WITH TAG 'full_copy'
    DATABASE;
    }

    --To enable block change tracking:

    --Ensure that the DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST initialization parameter is set.


    $ sqlplus / as sysdba

    --check whether DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST initialization parameter is set


    SQL> show parameter DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST

    --If the parameter is not set, set the parameter


    SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET
    DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST = '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/'
    SCOPE=BOTH SID='*';

    --Enable block change tracking


    SQL> ALTER DATABASE ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING;

    --To determine whether change tracking is enabled:


    SQL> COL STATUS FORMAT A8
    COL FILENAME FORMAT A65

    SQL> SELECT STATUS, FILENAME FROM V$BLOCK_CHANGE_TRACKING;

    --To disable block change tracking


    $ sqlplus / as sysdba

    SQL> ALTER DATABASE DISABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING;

    --To determine whether change tracking is enabled:


    SQL> COL STATUS FORMAT A8
    COL FILENAME FORMAT A65

    SQL> SELECT STATUS, FILENAME FROM V$BLOCK_CHANGE_TRACKING;

    --You can also create the change tracking file in a location that you choose
    yourself
    ALTER DATABASE ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING
    USING FILE '/home/oracle/backups/rman_change_track.f' REUSE;

    $ cd /home/oracle/backups
    $ ls -ltr

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