Homogeneous Distributed Databases
• The sites use very similar software.
• The sites use identical DBMS or DBMS from the same vendor.
• Each site is aware of all other sites and cooperates with other sites to process user requests.
• The database is accessed through a single interface as if it is a single database.
(2) types of homogeneous distributed database
Autonomous –It is integrated by a controlling application and uses message passing to share data updates.
Non-autonomous – Data is distributed across the homogeneous nodes, and a central or master DBMS coordinates
data updates across the sites.
Heterogeneous Distributed Databases
In a heterogeneous distributed database, different sites have different operating systems, DBMS products, and
data models. Its properties are as follows (Tutorialspoint, 2019):
• Different sites use dissimilar schemas and software.
• The system may be composed of a variety of DBMSs, such as relational, network, hierarchical, or object-
oriented.
• Query processing is complex due to dissimilar schemas.
• Transaction processing is complex due to dissimilar software.
• A site may not be aware of other sites, and so there is limited co-operation in processing user requests.
(2) types of heterogeneous distributed databases
Federated – Heterogeneous database systems are independent and integrated so that they function as a single
database system.
Un-federated – Database systems employ a central coordinating module through which the databases are
accessed.