Challenging 2A02 e

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2 Identities and Factorization

Conventional Questions
1. It is given that ( x  2 A)(2 x  5)  2 x 2  B( x  4)  C , where A, B and C are constants. Suggest
two sets of possible values for A, B and C.

2. (a) Write down all positive integers a such that a + 3b = 8, where b is a positive integer.
(b) Write down all values of c such that 3x 2  8x  c  (3x  a)( x  b) , where a and b are
positive integers.

3. It is given that x  0 .
2
1 
(a) Expand   x  .
x 
2
1 
(b) Expand   x  .
x 
 1  1 
(c) Using the results of (a) and (b), expand  x 2  2  2  x 2  2  2  .
 x  x 

4. Factorize (a 2  b 2 ) 2  4a 2b 2 .

5. (a) Factorize x 2  4 xy  4 y 2 .
(b) Hence, factorize x 2  4 y 2  4 xy  6 x  12 y  9 .

6. In the figure, the shaded region is formed by removing squares A E D


CGHI and DEFG from square ABCD. Suppose CG = x cm and
DG = y cm, where x and y are integers greater than 1 and y > x.
(a) Express the area of the shaded region in terms of x and y.
H
(b) It is given that the lengths of the side of squares CGHI and F G
DEFG increased by 2 cm and decreased by 2 cm
respectively, and the area of the shaded region remains B C
I
unchanged. Find the smallest possible area of the shaded
region.

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 1 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2021


Challenging Exercise

7. If Ax( x  1)( x  2)  (3x  A)( Bx  1)  x 2 ( x  2B)  x(Cx  3)  D( x  1) , where A, B, C and D


are constants, find the values of A, B, C and D.

8. If x 2  3(a  cx)  x( x  4b)  3b , where a, b and c are positive integers, find the least possible
value of a + b + c.

9. (a) Expand ( x  y) 2 .
(b) Hence, expand (a  b  c  d ) 2 .

10. (a) Expand ( x  1) 2 .


(b) Expand ( x  1) 2 .
(c) Hence, expand ( x  1) 4  ( x  1) 4 .

11. Is the difference between the squares of any two odd numbers always a multiple of 4?
Explain your answer.

12. (a) Factorize x 2  xy  xz .


(b) Hence, factorize x 2  y 2  z 2  2 xy  2 yz  2 xz .

13. Factorize a(a  b)  b(b  c)  c(a  c)  ab  bc  ac .

14. (a) Factorize x 4  y 4 .


(b) Hence, factorize x8  y 8 .

15. (a) Expand (a  b)( a  b) .


(b) Using the result of (a), expand ( p 2  3 p  1)( p 2  3 p  1) .
(c) Hence, find the value of 459 341.

16. The figure shows a trapezium ABCD, where AB = (a – b) cm, A D


AD = b cm and BC = (a – 2b) cm, where a > 2b > 0. If a + b = 14
and ab = 33, find the area of trapezium ABCD.

B C

17. (a) Expand (a  1)( a  4)( a  9) .


(b) Hence, factorize b 6  14b 4  49b 2  36 .

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 2 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2021


Challenging Exercise

Multiple Choice Questions


DSE 1. If a and b are constants such that ( x  7)( x  a)  9  ( x  5)2  b , then b =
A. 17.
B. 5.
C. 3.
D. 135.

DSE 2. (2s  5t )(7 s  3t )  t (10t  4s) 


A. (2s  5t )(7 s  5t )
B. (2s  5t )(7 s  t )
C. (2s  5t )(7 s  t )
D. (2s  5t )(7 s  5t )

3. x2  7 x  9 y 2  21y 
DSE A. ( x  3 y )( x  3 y  7)
B. ( x  3 y )( x  3 y  7)
C. ( x  3 y )( x  3 y  7)
D. ( x  3 y )( x  3 y  7)

4. Given that (2x + 3y)2 – 9x2 = 13, where x and y are negative integers, then 3y  x =
A. 13.
B. 1.
C. 1.
D. 13.

Junior Secondary Mathematics in Action 3 © Pearson Education Asia Limited 2021

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