Science10 Q3 M1 W2

SCIENCE 10
Quarter III
MODULE 1 – Week 2
Feedback Mechanisms Involved in Regulating
Processes in the Female Reproductive System
I. FEEDBACK MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN REGULATING
PROCESSES IN THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
After finishing this module, you are expected to:
• Content Standards:
The learners will demonstrate understanding how feedback mechanisms help
the organism maintain homeostasis to reproduce and survive.
• Most Essential Learning Competency:

1. Describe feedback mechanisms involved in regulating processes in the
female reproductive system (e.g. menstrual cycle. (S10LT-IIIc-35)
o This module presents the concept about how the hormones affect the
female reproductive system, particularly in the menstrual cycle.
II. CONCEPT NOTES

We have learned that, on average, an ovary releases only one egg every 28 days.
Now, what controls this timing? Hormones control many of the changes in the
reproductive system. Remember that hormones are chemicals that affect certain body
organs. The monthly changes that take place in the female reproductive system are called
menstruation. This cycle occurs every month from the first onset which could happen
when a female is between 10 to 13 years old. The monthly cycle continues for about 40
years. Refer to Figure 11 for a clearer explanation of the different events that take place
in the cycle. Just follow numbers 1-10 in proper order.
Figure 11. The menstrual cycle
To summarize, the important events during the menstrual cycle are as follows:
1. The pituitary gland controls and starts the cycle.

2. The pituitary gland releases hormones that cause the egg in the ovary to mature. The
luteinizing hormone (LH) initiates the maturation of the follicles, converts ruptured follicles
into corpus luteum and causes the secretion of progesterone. The follicle stimulating
hormone (FSH) assists in the maturation of the follicles and causes the secretion of
estrogen from the follicles.
3. Meanwhile, the ovary itself releases a hormone called estrogen, which causes the
uterine lining to increase in thickness. The uterine lining becomes thicker so that the
fertilized egg can attach to it.
4. The ovary releases an egg on day 14. Assume that no sperm is present.
5. The egg moves through the oviduct and enters the uterus.
6. Meanwhile the uterine lining continues to thicken.
7. The egg has not been fertilized, therefore, it will not attach to the uterus.
8. The thick uterine lining is no longer necessary, so the cells of the thickened uterine
lining break off and leave the vagina. The unfertilized egg is lost and some blood is lost
too. This loss of cells from the uterine lining, blood, and egg is called menstruation.
9. After menstruation, the cycle starts again.
A feedback mechanism is the process through which the level of one substance
influences the level of another substance. A negative feedback affects the production
of hormones in the menstrual cycle. High levels of one hormone may inhibit the
production of another hormone.
Feedback mechanisms in menstrual cycle:

1. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the ovaries to release estrogen. High
levels of estrogen then prevent the further production of FSH.
2. Estrogen also stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary
gland, which in turn controls the production of progesterone. High levels of
progesterone then inhibit the further release of LH.
III. LEARNING TASK
A. Learning Task 1 Mark My Calendar !

Materials: 2 calendar charts, diagram of the male and female reproductive
system, scissors, tape or glue
Procedure :
Part A- For no fertilization:
1. Get a calendar, with an approximate size of 8x11 inches. It must be marked by the
day-to-day changes in the menstrual cycle.
2. Note that certain events are marked on certain days.
3. Make a copy of the diagrams of the menstrual cycle like in Figure 12. Some of the
diagrams will show events in the ovary, and some will show events in the uterus.
They are not in proper order. Please mark numbers 1-14 in sequence the proper
order of events in the menstrual cycle.
Figure 12: Unsequenced events in the menstrual cycle

Part B – With fertilization of the egg
1. Get another calendar marked by the day-to-day changes in the menstrual cycle.
2. You will be given a set of diagrams to place on the calendar. The diagrams will not be
in proper order. You may not need all the diagrams that show the uterus.
Guide Questions:
1. How long does a regular menstrual cycle last?_______________________

2. Describe what happens to an egg during the first 14 days of the cycle in Part A ___
3. Describe what happens to the egg if fertilization occurs._________________.
4. Explain what takes place in the uterus after fertilization.__________________
5. Why is it important to study the menstrual?_____________________________
Learning Task 2 : Word Search

Direction: Cross out words that can be found on the list below.
ESTROGEN FEEDBACK FOLLICLE

HORMONES LUTEINIZING MECHANISM
MENSTRUATION OVARIES PITUITARY
PROGESTERONE UTERUS
Learning Task 3
Direction: Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct answer.
1. On which day of the menstrual cycle is an egg released from an ovary?

A. Day 1 B. Day 9 C. Day 14 D. 28
2. Which hormone, produced by the ovaries, stimulates the uterus lining build up
after menstruation?
A. Estrogen B. Progesterone C. LH D. FSH
3. Which hormone, released by the pituitary gland, stimulates ovulation?

4. What will happen inside the uterus if fertilization occurs?

A. The fertilized egg will get implanted in the uterus.
B. The uterine wall will continue to thicken for ovulation.
C. The uterine wall will collapse, releasing blood and tissues.
D. The egg cell will be fertilized by the sperm cell in the uterus.
5. Which hormone increases in concentration after ovulation to keep the levels of
both FSH and LH low?
IV. REFLECTION
I Learned that
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
V. REFERENCES
Printed Materials:
DepEd Learners Manual
Electronic Sources:
https://www.google.com/search?q=sequence+events+in+the+menstrual+cycle&source=
lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiM4LjG2NXwAhVyyosBHdIqCtcQ_AUoAXoECA
EQAw&biw=1366&bih=657#imgrc=hMkng53oTmNxwM
https://ph-static.z-dn.net/files/d5f/1d65d9f5f8748f4c9e6a0af04d95dbce.jpg
https://puzzlemaker.discoveryeducation.com/word-search/result
VI. ANSWER KEY
Learning Task 1
3 2 4 1 6 8 9
A.
10 9 5 13 12 14 11
Guide Questions
1. The average is 28 days.
2. The young egg in the ovary begins to mature. Estrogen is secreted by the
ovary. Uterus thickens to prepare for the attachment of fertilized egg. The
mature egg is then released by the ovary.
3. Ovulation takes place and the egg enters the uterus. Meanwhile, the
uterus continues to thicken. If no fertilization of egg occurs, the cells of
the thickened uterus break off and leave the vagina as menstruation.
4. After fertilization, pregnancy takes place. The egg attaches to the uterus
and continues to grow inside the womb.
5. To understand the natural changes that occur in the ovary and the uterus
as essential part of sexual reproduction. It could also useful in
familyplanning to prevent unwanted pregnancy.
Learning Task 2
Learning Task 3
1. C
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. B
Compiled by: MARIA ISABEL M. UMBAO , Punta Engaño High School

Science10 Q3 M1 W2

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SCIENCE 10

• Most Essential Learning Competency:

II. CONCEPT NOTES

Figure 11. The menstrual cycle

1. The pituitary gland controls and starts the cycle.

Feedback mechanisms in menstrual cycle:

III. LEARNING TASK

A. Learning Task 1 Mark My Calendar !

Figure 12: Unsequenced events in the menstrual cycle

1. How long does a regular menstrual cycle last?_______________________

Learning Task 2 : Word Search

ESTROGEN FEEDBACK FOLLICLE

1. On which day of the menstrual cycle is an egg released from an ovary?

3. Which hormone, released by the pituitary gland, stimulates ovulation?

4. What will happen inside the uterus if fertilization occurs?

VI. ANSWER KEY

Compiled by: MARIA ISABEL M. UMBAO , Punta Engaño High School

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