ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

Name :__________________________________________________________________________
Last Name First Name MI
Grade and Section: _________________________________________

SUBJECT: COMPUTER EDUCATION 7

COURSE DESCRIPTION:
Computer Hardware Servicing is actually a basic foundation of the higher level of PC troubleshooting and
repair. It covers the different components and parts of a computer system, discusses the use of different tools
and the proper way of using them, deals with Occupational Health and Safety precautions in order for the user
to be safe and free from any hazards that would affect him/her, the equipment as well as the environment. It
offers the basic procedures of personal computer assembly and disassembly; and installing / connecting the
peripherals of a computer system which is essential because the computer system will not work properly if
hardware / peripherals were not attached properly into it.
This course also covers Microsoft Office software from basic to advance Microsoft Word, Excel,
PowerPoint and an overview of the Internet. It is a more actual implementation of Microsoft Word, Excel,
PowerPoint and the Internet for making documents, spreadsheet, presentation, also browsing the Internet. The
Computer Grade 7 course includes intensive hands – on activities that will develop not just skills but also the
students’ creativity in doing required activities. Likewise, through the various lessons included in the course, the
students will be well-equipped in their venture for global competitiveness.

OBJECTIVES:
• Recognize the early computing devices and their functions
• Identify the important components of a PC and their functions
• Perform the basic skills that are necessary to assemble and disassemble a PC
• Understand the concepts and skills in Microsoft Office essential applications (Word, Excel, PowerPoint)

WORKLOAD:
The students’ workload in the course will consist of watching video clips, creating a document using the
Microsoft software, virtual hands-on activities, and answering online quizzes and other outputs required in each
module.

LEARNING APPROACH (EXPECTATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES):

Complete the assigned work on time and practice working independently.
Student’s reflection will be treated with utmost confidentiality by the subject teacher as some of the activities in
the module requires personal inputs from the students.

DEADLINES AND SUBMISSIONS:

All deadlines and submissions of activities, drills, enrichment assessments and performance tasks are indicated
at the end of every lesson. The manner of submission shall depend on the chosen mode either online or via
drop box.

EMAILS:
Online submission of requirements and materials will be sent to:
Mr. Romer Torres torres_romer_c@icsbicsm.edu.ph

REQUIREMENTS:
Module Windows Laptop/Mac Book Microsoft Office 2016 or later

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 1 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

Computer Hardware Servicing

Lesson 1: Understanding the Computer System
Weeks 1 and 2

I. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this module, the learner should be able to:
1. define computer, system and computer system;
2. identify the different devices that led to the development of computer, and
3. explain the functions and specification of each computer component

II. MOTIVATION:
Activity 1.1
Directions: Match the following devices in Column A to the corresponding name in Column B. Write the letter of
the answer in the space provided before each number.
Column A Column B
1. A. Hard Disk Drive
B. Video Card
C. Mother Board
D. Power Supply
E. Processor

3.

4.

5.

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 2 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

III. LESSON PROPER:

Understanding the Computer System

As an aspiring computer technician, it is very important to know the different components of a computer
system. These are the hardware, software and peopleware. Each component plays an important role, without
each other computer systems will not work properly.

HARDWARE- the physical, touchable, electronic and mechanical parts of a computer system.

A. MAJOR HARDWARE COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM

The following list represents a basic set of hardware found

in most PCs.

1. System Unit- The main part of a microcomputer,

sometimes called the chassis. It includes the following
parts: Motherboard, Microprocessor, Memory Chips,
Buses, Ports, Expansion Slots and Cards.

Figure 1 Tower Type System Unit

2. Motherboard / Mainboard / System Board- The main

circuit board of a computer. It contains all the circuits and
components that run the computer.

Figure 2 Motherboard

3. CPU (Central Processing Unit) - The processor is the

main “brain” or “heart” of a computer system. It performs all of
the instructions and calculations that are needed and
manages the flow of information through a computer.

Figure 3. Examples of CPU (Intel Core 2 Duo and AMD Athlon)

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 3 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

4. Primary storage- (internal storage, main memory or memory) is the computer's working storage space
that holds data, instructions for processing and processed data (information) waiting to be sent to secondary
storage. Physically, primary storage is a collection of RAM chips.

Two (2) Types of Memory

a. ROM – (Read Only Memory) ROM is non-volatile, meaning
it holds data even when the power is ON or OFF.
b. RAM – (Random Access Memory) RAM is volatile,
meaning it holds data only when the power is on. When
the power is off, RAM's contents are lost.

Figure 4. Examples of RAM

5. Expansion Bus - A bus is a data pathway between several

hardware components inside or outside a computer. It does not
only connect the parts of the CPU to each other, but also links
the CPU with other important hardware.

Figure 5 Expansion Bus

6. Adapters- Printed-circuit boards (also called interface cards)

that enable the computer to use a peripheral device for which it
does not have the necessary connections or circuit boards. They
are often used to permit upgrading to a new different hardware.

Figure 6 Adapter (Network Adapter)

7. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - Installed in the back corner of the

PC case, next to the motherboard. It converts 120vac (standard
house power) into DC voltages that are used by other components
in the PC.

Figure 7 Power supply

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 4 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

8. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - Also known as hard drive, is a magnetic

storage device that is installed inside the computer. The hard drive
is used as permanent storage for data. In a Windows computer, the
hard drive is usually configured as the C: drive and contains the
operating system and applications.

Figure 8 Hard Disk Drive

9. Optical Drive- An optical drive is a storage device that uses lasers

to read data on the optical media. There are three types of optical
drives: Compact Disc (CD), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) and Blu-ray
Disc (BD).

Figure 9 CD ROM

10. Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) - Designed to optically access data

stored on a DVD. A laser moves back and forth near the disk surface
and accesses data at a very fast rate.

Figure 10 DVD ROM

B. INPUT DEVICES - Accepts data and instructions from the user or from another computer system.

Two (2) Types of Input Devices

1. Keyboard Entry – Data is inputted to the computer through a keyboard.

Keyboard - The first input device developed for the PC. Data is
transferred to the PC over a short cable with a circular 6-pin Mini-din
connector that plugs into the back of the motherboard.

Figure 11. Keyboard

2. Direct Entry – A form of input that does not require data to be keyed by someone sitting at a keyboard.
Direct-entry devices create machine-readable data on paper, or magnetic media, or feed it directly into the
computer’s CPU.

Three Categories of Direct Entry Devices

A. Pointing Devices - An input device used to move the pointer (cursor) on screen.
©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 5 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

• Mouse - The most common 'pointing device' used in PCs. Every mouse has
two buttons and most have one or two scroll wheels.

• Touch screen- A display screen that is sensitive Figure 12. Mouse

to the touch of a finger or stylus. Used in myriad
applications, including ATM machines, retail point-
of-sale terminals, car navigation and industrial Figure 12 Mouse

controls. The touch screen became wildly popular

for smart phones and tablets.
Figure 13 – 14 Touch Screen Devices

• Light Pen - A light-

sensitive stylus wired to
a video terminal used to
draw pictures or select
menu options. The user
brings the pen to the
desired point on screen
and presses the pen
button to make contact.
Figure 15 - 17 Light Pen

• Digitizer Tablet - A graphics drawing

tablet used for sketching new images
or tracing old ones. Also called a
"graphics tablet," the user contacts
the surface of the device with a wired
or wireless pen or puck. Often
mistakenly called a mouse, the puck
is officially the "tablet cursor."
Figure 18 – 19 Digitizer Tablet

B. Scanning Devices- A device that can read

text or illustrations printed on paper and translates the information into a form the computer can use.

Figure 20. bar Code Reader

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 6 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

C. Voice- Input Devices - Audio input

devices also known as speech or voice
recognition systems that allow a user to
send audio signals to a computer for
processing, recording, or carrying out
commands. Audio input devices such as
microphones allow users to speak to the
computer in order to record a voice
message or navigate software. Figure 23 Microphones

C. OUTPUT DEVICES - Any piece of computer hardware that displays results after the computer has processed
the input data that has been entered.

1. Computer Display Monitor- It displays information in visual form, using text and graphics. The portion of the
monitor that displays the information is called the screen or video display terminal.

Types of Monitor
a. CRT Monitors - Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT) were the only type of displays
for use with desktop PCs. They are relatively big (14" to 16" deep) and
heavy (over 15 lbs).

Figure 24 Cathode Ray Tube Monitor

b. LCD Monitors - Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) technology has been used in
laptops for some time. It has recently been made commercially available
as monitors for desktop PCs.

Figure 24. Liquid Crystal Display Monitor

c. LED Monitors (Light Emitting Diode) - A display and

lighting technology used in almost every electrical and
electronic product on the market, from a tiny on/off light to
digital readouts, flashlights, traffic lights and perimeter
lighting.
Figure 25 Light Emitting Diode Monitor

2. LCD Projectors- utilize two sheets of polarizing material with a liquid

crystal solution between them. An electric current passed through the
liquid causes the crystals to align so that light cannot pass through
them. Each crystal, therefore, is like a shutter, either allowing light to
pass through or blocking the light.

Figure 26. LCD Projector

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 7 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

3. Smart Board - A type of display screen that has a touch sensitive

transparent panel covering the screen, which is similar to a touch
screen.

Figure 27. Smart Board

4. Printer - A device that prints text or illustrations on paper.

Types of printer
a. Ink-Jet or Bubble-Jet Printer - sprays ink at a sheet of
paper. Ink-jet printers produce high-quality text and graphics.

Figure 28 Ink- Jet Printer

b. Laser Printer - Uses the same technology as copy machines.

Laser printers produce very high quality text and graphics.

Figure 29 Laser Printer

c. LCD and LED Printer- Similar to a laser printer, but uses liquid
crystals or light-emitting diodes rather than a laser to produce an
image on the drum.

Figure 30. LCD Printer

d. Line Printer - Contains a chain of characters or pins that print

an entire line at one time. Line printers are very fast, but
produce low-quality print.

Figure 31 Line Printer

e. Thermal Printer- An inexpensive printer that works by pushing
heated pins against heat-sensitive paper. Thermal printers are
widely used in calculators and fax machines.

Figure 32. Thermal Printer

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 8 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

5. Speakers - Used to play sound. They may be built into the system unit
or connected with cables. Speakers allow you to listen to music and hear
sound effects from your computer.

Figure 33 Speakers

D. PORTS - External connecting sockets on the outside of the computer. This is a pathway into and out of the
computer. A port lets users plug in outside peripherals, such as monitors, scanners and printers.

Table 1. The Ports and their function

Type of Port Function Illustration
Serial Port Intended for serial type mouse and older
camera

Parallel Port Also called as printer port. This is only

for old model printer. It has 25 pins. It is
a female port.

VGA (Video Graphic Used to connect monitors. It has 15 pins

Array) Port and it is a female port.

USB (Universal Serial High speed serial interface that is used

Bus) Port with almost all devices. It is used to
connect latest model printers, pen
drives, cell phones etc. it has 4 pins.

PS/2 Port Simple, 6-pin, low-speed serial

connections commonly dedicated to a
keyboard and mouse.

Power Port Intended for power cord.

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 9 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

S-Video connections are available on

S-Video Port certain source components and video
display devices, and offer a higher level
of video performance over composite
video signals.
Audio Port Intended for plugging in the speaker or
headset.

LAN (Local Area A physical interface often used for

Networking) Port terminating twisted pair type cables
used to connect computers onto a local-
area networks (LAN), especially
Ethernet RJ-45 connectors

E. CABLES AND WIRES- A cable is most often two or more wires running side by side and bonded, twisted or
braided together to form a single assembly, but can also refer to a heavy strong rope.

Table 2. The Cables and Connectors

Illustration Function

These jacks are intended for the PS/2 port specifically for PS/2 type
of keyboard and mouse.

This type of jack is intended for the audio and microphone port.

S-video jack is obviously for S-Video port

This monitor jack is intended for the VGA (Video Graphic Array) port.

This USB (Universal Serial Bus) plug is intended for USB port.
Modern or new model of peripherals like printer, camera, scanners
and even other portable computer attachments used USB type of
plugs.
©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 10 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

This printer cable jack is intended for the parallel port.

RJ45 ("RJ" in RJ45 stands for "registered jack," since it is a

standardized networking interface and the "45" simply refers to the
number of the interface standard) is a type of connector commonly
used for Ethernet networking.

Power cord is the most important cord because it connects the

computer to the main source of electricity to make it functional.

1.2 SOFTWARE is the set of instructions (also called a program) that guides the hardware to operate effectively.
Software can be split into two main types:

A. System Software
System software is a computer software designed to operate the computer hardware and to provide and
maintain a platform for running application software.

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 11 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

a. BIOS and Firmware

• Provide basic functionality to operate and control the hardware connected to or built into
the computer.
• BIOS is used for the computer system itself while firmware is for the devices.

Figure 1.2.1 BIOS USB Boot

From fedoraproject.org

b. Operating System
• It allows parts of the computer system to work together by performing basic tasks like
recognizing input from the keyboard or sending output to the monitor.

Figure 1.2.2 Microsoft Windows Figure 1.2.3 Linux Figure 1.2.4 Apple Mac OS
From Sigmadatainc From bloximages From 010mac Figure 1.2.5 Android
From Wikipedia

c. Utility Software
• It helps analyze, configure, optimize, and
maintain the computer.

Figure 1.2.6 Utility Sofware

From mcqsets.com

d. Application Software
Application software is also known as application or app. It is designed to help the user perform
specific tasks.

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 12 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

a. Word-processing Software
• Writing tasks such as keying report, letters, tables, as
well as merging documents, can be performed easily
using this software.
• Documents can be easily edited and formatted.

Figure 1.2.7 Word Processing Apps

From Wikipedia

b. Spreadsheet software
• Spreadsheet software permits performance of an
almost endless variety of quantitative tasks such as
budgeting, keeping track of inventory, preparing
financial reports, or manipulating numbers in any
fashion, such as averaging each of ten
departmental monthly sales over a six-month
period.

• It contains cells, the intersection of rows and columns. Figure 1.2.7 Spreadsheet Apps
From Wikipedia

c. Database Software
• A database contains a list of information items that are similar in format and/or nature.
• Once stored in a database, information can be retrieved in several ways, using reports and
queries.

d. Desktop publishing software

• This software permits the user to prepare documents by using
both word-processing devices and graphics.
• Uses word processing software, with all its ease of entering and
revising data, and supplements it with sophisticated visual
features that stem from graphics software.

e. Presentation Software
• A speaker may use presentation software to organize a Figure 1.2.8 Desktop Publishing
slideshow for an audience. Software for Windows
From Ebay
• Text, graphics, sound, and movies can easily be included in the
presentation.

f. Office suite software

• Puts together complete programs of software.
• A typical suite package might include word processing, spreadsheet, databases, and
presentation software.
©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 13 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

Figure 1.2.9 Microsoft Office Figure 1.2.10 WPS Office

From Charattack From 4fasters

1.3 PEOPLEWARE - Refers to people involved in the data processing

operations such as the system administrator, office workers,
hobbyist, students and others.

1.4 DATAWARE – refers to the data, information or materials to be

processed by the computer system. This includes grades, scores, daily time record. Images and others,

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 14 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

IV. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITIES

Hands – on Activity 1.1

TO INFINITY AND BEYOND
Directions:
1. Open MS Word application, set the margins to 0.5 and orientation to landscape.
2. Insert a table with two rows and one column. On the first row, press Enter key until the second rows
reaches the bottom margin.
3. Think that you are a computer engineer or software developer, which among the current trends in
today’s technology in hardware or software are you going to improve, innovate or reinvent. Paste your
hardware or software in the center, come up with a convincing name of the product and write futuristic
description of the features/capabilities of your product.

Name EPSON ULTI-MATE Date

Name of Hardware or Software

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 15 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

Activity 1.2

Directions:
1. Watch the short clip entitled

History of Computing through https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-M6lANfzFsM

2. Based on the concept, topics and information presented in the video clip, compete the table below..
Developer/ Inventor Device/Application/Contribution Description
1. Chinese

2. Blaise Pascal

3. John Napier

4. Gottfried Leibnitz

5. Charles Babbage

6. Ada Lovelace

7. Herman Hollerith

8. Allan Turing

9. Conrad Zuse

10. Howard Aiken

11. John Anatasoff and

Clifford Berry

12. John Backus

13. Jack Kilby

14. Jay Wright Forrester

15. John Von Nuemann

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 16 of 17
 ICSB Computer 7 Quarter 1 Module 1 – Understanding the Computer System

V. FEEDBACK:

Now that you are done with your module, it is time to assess your learnings to track down your weekly
progress by putting a checkmark ( ) on the table below; 5 as the highest and 1 as the lowest score.

Objectives 5 4 3 2 1
1. define computer, system and computer system;
2. identify the different devices that led to the development of
computer, and
3. explain the functions and specification of each computer
component

Comments or Questions:

VI. REFERENCES:

• RAMILO, R & PASCO, D “Computer Hardware Servicing Learning Module”. Department of

Education
• Computer Laboratory. JPG. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://i.ytimg.com/vi/5Y1GpL768Sk/maxresdefault.jpg
• DepEd, (n.d.). ICT Computer hardware Servicing. The K to 12 TLE Modules. pp. 3-20.

©This is exclusively for Immaculate Conception School for Boys use only. No part or portion of this module may be reproduced. 17 of 17