Submission Form

Assignment Submission Form

Name: Fathima Shabah Farook

Department: Degree: Bachelor of Education in English Medium

Full Title: Project proposal

Iregulations
accept thatasboth printed
laid down by and electronic
the Higher copies
Degrees of the assignment have been submitted following Institution
Directorate.

Signature: Date: 14/10/2021

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1
 Contents:
page
Introduction 1-3
Review of Literature 4-5
References 5
Methodology 6-10

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 Acknowledgment

 In completing this Project Proposal based on primary

Students
Participating in Tuition, I take this. Opportunity to thank my
Lecturer, Ms.Ann Deluxy for providing the essential
knowledge and background needed to complete it.

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Topic- IMPACT OF TUITION CLASSES ON GRADE
FIVE STUDENTS IN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOLS.

Introduction

Among many primary students in international schools, It has become a trend among parents
to send kids to private tutors after school hours or at the weekends. It is understandable for
students of grade 5 following the national curriculum to attend classes since they have to
prepare themselves for the extremely competitive grade5 Scholarship exam. On the other
hand, it isn’t necessary for the grade 5 students of international schools attend classes and I
consider it unacceptable.
International schools don’t get any financial support from the government, meaning the
parents are placed with a higher financial burden when paying for the school. Usually, when
these students approach higher studies the state universities are not made accessible to them.
Here, parents are again expected to afford a private university for their children. A high
proportion of citizens belong to the lower and middle classes, meaning most parents aren’t
affluent enough even though they do manage to send their children to international schools.
Sending children for private tuition classes when they’re very young and saving for their higher
studies is extremely challenging. Some parents even waste all money on tuition classes and
then find themselves unable to afford their children’s higher education; in most cases, this
leads to a halt in the child’s education and the children find themselves trying to obtain jobs
right after high school.

There’s also an extremely toxic trend among affluent parents who can afford their children’s
education to organize meet-ups with other parents and going on shopping adventures after
dropping off their children at a class.
Some parents who can completely afford the kids' education have made it a trend to send them
for classes at very young stages where the parents find a way of meeting and talking to other
parents and also going on shopping and utilizing the time by dropping the kid into a private
class instead of spending their valuable time with kids.
In some tuition classes, the tutor may be using a blended teaching method with smart boards
where they also supply tutes instead of making students write notes. Also, some tuition
teachers follow informal methods where kids find them more comfortable to learn with. On the
other hand, if the kids have difficulties in approaching the teacher to ask questions and to clear
their doubts, they find it easier with the tuition teacher. Since the parents' main aim is to make

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students earn more marks in their exams(Term test / monthly test), the private tutor creates a
situation where the students thoroughly get used to writing answers for the questions. This
may automatically show academic progress and higher grades in their summative exams but
the students also may lose their ability of innovative and critical thinking.
If the students have already learned the lesson from the private tutor, learning the same
concept again in school may make the student not pay attention in the lesson. Then they may
also disturb others and disrupt the class. This is a very common problem caused by students
attending private classes.
Another problem in approaching tuition class in young days steals the childhood from these
students. Most of the time these kids, after school, have a quick meal(mostly not nutritious)
and run into the tuition class in the same uniform. They also miss their playtime and their
evening rest time. Most of these kids don’t take part even in extra activities. This may badly
affect their mental and physical health.

Among many Grade five students in International schools tuition classes have become a very
important instrument for the educational accomplishment of students. My research is specially
designed to explore the effects of private tuition on the academic achievement of grade five
International school students. Therefore the statement of the problem was entitled “ Effects of
private tuition on Grade five student’s academic achievement “
I aim to then create a real situation in the school classroom that will minimize grade fives
participating in tuition classes and make students and parents both find no reason to attend
private classes.

The discussion problems (5 W’ S)

Students of Grade 5 in an International School.
When After School, At the weekends
Where online platforms due to pandemic situations.
What Lessons and concepts are in school textbooks.
Why achieve higher grades in exams, clear doubts in lessons.
My main objective is to accomplish the reasons for grade fives in international schools to
approach Tuition classes and find ways to minimize them going to private classes after my
study.

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I want to find ways of making the classroom more impressive and interesting for learning which
will make the students stick only with school learning.
Find expenditure on parents for private tuition and the way of affording. This will give me an
idea to recognize how important the tuition classes are for parents to send their kids.
Find the expectations and aims of sending young kids into tuition classes and whether they
fulfill them. This sub-objective will let me know the exact reason for parents to send their kids
to tuition classes and whether they are honestly aware of them. This is also a measure of
evaluation to check their academic progress.
‘Tuition teacher and the school teacher How do parents and students look at them from their
point of view. If I can clarify this sub-objective and if more favors fall towards the tuition
teacher, I could find ways of implementing the role of tuition teacher towards the school
teacher, where the students find it not worthy of going for tuition since so far the school
teacher also poses a similar interesting role in teaching.
In my research, I want to find answers for the questions given below,
Why do young Grade fives approach tuition classes?
How could parents afford tuition fees? Is it easy on them?
Do students show clear progress by approaching private classes?
What is so special about Tuition teachers? Why do kids like them?
After my study towards my research problem, I could find ways of turning back the grade fives
only towards learning from school instead of going to private classes. After my research, I will
be able to suggest certain changes that should take place in teaching methodology and the
learning environment. The conclusion of my result will be useful for the curriculum developers
in changing the curriculum and for other experts who find solutions for educational problems. I
feel that my research result may help in creating a classroom that kids and parents dreamt
about and also an environment that helps students to absorb the lesson concepts easily and
remain no doubts in the lesson. In this regard, I will need the support of the management and
my other colleagues in the staff to implement this real classroom situation.
When it comes to the primary section it includes grades 1 to 5. Therefore I have to study about
the students going to tuition classes in these grades. But practically I find it difficult to reach
them due to the pandemic situation. Therefore my research sample is from grade five, students
who are attending tuition classes only for science since I could reach them easily online because
I handle grade 5 science subjects. On the other hand, conducting tuition classes for the same
kids to whom we are teaching at school is prohibited by the school management. Therefore I
feel that it's not ethical for me to get information from those students as my sample. Therefore

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I have to minimize my sample to’ Grade five students that are going to private classes for’
science subject’
Also, some students who are attending private classes may keep it confidential since the
students may consider that ‘all school teachers are against going to private classes’. Therefore,
most clever students may keep quiet in this regard. Therefore, this false evidence may
misconduct my study and may bring false results to my conclusion. Therefore concerning the
accuracy, I will have another set of samples to interview and use questionnaires among
students who are not participating in private classes as well. To ensure about these samples I,
have to double-check with students who follow private classes to ensure whether they truly
are not going for classes ( since they may sometimes meet each other at the same class)

Review Of Literature

According to Ireson and Ashford, 2005,

Private tuition is a form of supplementary education where students can acquire more skills
and knowledge to increase their Human capital. This is an important area in education as
private tutoring becomes a growing phenomenon in many countries at all levels of education.
Therefore it emphasizes that tuition has become an important part of education where most of
the students approach them even at the lower class level.
Students whose parents live in an urban area with higher income and educational levels have a
high probability of receiving private tutoring than their peers who live in a rural area with lower
income [Ireson Ashford,2005]This study proves that patients that send their little children to
international schools can approach into them since they are affordable to them. Therefore the
family background and the economical background of the student’s is also a key reason for the
tuition industry to remain on.
Private tutoring has commonly shown that the rates of those who had experienced private
tutoring have consistently increased and that there was a change in the participation rate and
spending required for private tutors according to educational level. To meet this high demand,
parents and students who are not satisfied with the education provided by the school system
find other ways to meet their needs by participating in the private tutoring sector. The private
tutoring issue is one of the difficult issues that have remained unsolved for a long time [Ireson

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and Rshfood, 2005] Here even the authors conclude that tuition is a problem. According to the
results of a “Survey on private tutoring” conducted by the National Statistical Office in Pakistan,
87.4% of elementary school students, 74.3% of middle school students, and 62.8% of high
school students participate in private tutoring in the year 2009. In particular, the difference in
the Privatearticipation rate and spending for private tutoring between income classes and
regions has grown. Existing studies on educational achievement in private tutoring have
consistently increased and that there was a change in the participating rate and spending
required for private tutoring according to educational levels.
Above statement proves us that primary student approaching into private classes is higher in
percentage and the tuition fee depends on the level and the number of students. Therefore it’s
understandable since primary students of International schools attend mostly individual or
small group classes, their parents spend more money on them.
A few studies have examined the effect of private tutoring on students’ academic performance
by looking at the scores achieved in the National examinations. Some of the evidence has been
reviewed by Mark Brey (2006,2011), The results of these studies are inconclusive. Some of
them found that students who received private tutoring had a better reading performance, less
frequent grade repetition, and better academic performance in general. Several studies which
analyzed survey data indicated a positive impact of private tutoring on academic performance
measured in terms of examination on scores.
(Lavy and Schlosser 2005; Dang 2007 ; Benerjeet al 2007 )
A private tutor who teaches a specific educational subject or skill to an individual student or a
small group of students. This practice enables a student to enhance his knowledge or still for
more rapidly than in traditional classroom situations. In addition, there are various academics
and Tuition centers in every corner of the country to promote quality education. Interestingly,
nearly 1/5 of students obtain private tuition from the same teacher who teaches in their
school. The reason can be academic, personal, or social. Academic reasons include the inability
to understand classroom instructions, poor teaching, and passing exams. Personal reasons
include a desire to score a higher percentage of marks and social reasons comprise parental
decision, peer group pressure, etc.
A large percentage of students who join private tuition find it useful to prepare for their
semester and monthly exams. Since here the students are prepared and taught according to
the examination patterns and how they should answer the test paper. Private tuition helps the
students by providing the required materials, conducting frequent tests, giving feedback, and
suggesting suitable ways of study to optimize performance in different subjects.

References

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Lee, J.H (2002) passing the Family Environment, Private tutoring and social grades, the Korean
journal of sociology,36(6) 195-212
Suleiman, Q.,& Hussein, I,(2014). Effects on private tuition on the academic achievement of
secondary school students In
Rushforth, K. (2011). The quality and effectiveness of one-to-one private tuition
Hemelt, S. W., & Marcotte, D. E. (2011). The impact of tuition increases on
enrollment at public colleges and universities. Educational Evaluation and
Policy Analysis, 33(4), 435-457.

Mischo, C., and L. Haag. 2002. “Expansion and Effectiveness of Private Tutoring.” European
Journal of Psychology of
Education XVII (3): 263–273. doi:10.1007/BF03173536.

Tilakaratne, G., A. Galappattige, R. Jayathilaka, and R. Perera. 2008. Educational Opportunities

for the Poor in Sri Lanka: Assessing Spatial Disparities. Research Studies: Human Resource
Development Series No. 5. Colombo: Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka.

Wickremesinghe, N. 2006. Sri Lanka in the Modern Age: A History of Contested Identities.
London: C. Hurst & Co. Ltd.
16 R. COLE

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 METHODOLOGY

Population and Sampling

Out of three hundred students (300) in the grade five primary section, I need a sample of Thirty
(30) students who attain tuition classes for science subjects and another thirty who don’t attain
tuition classes for science. Since I teach five (5) parallel classes in the whole section, I pick six
students who attain tuition classes and six that don’t attain tuition classes from each class.
Therefore I have thirty (30) experimental samples (who go to private classes) and thirty (30)
test samples (who don’t go to private classes)

General approaches.
Both Qualitative and quantitative, Since I need to get the feedback of both the students and
parents regarding their reasons for attending tuition classes or not attending. In this case, I
plan to Intervive each family individually by scheduling zoom meetings and also make use of
google forms with questions prepared beforehand: both open and closed questions. By using
these Qualitative methods, I could find some reasons for grade fives to approach tuition
classes.
Since I also plan for a scientific test method, to evaluate both the parties' academic
achievements I planned to organize certain unit tests and consider the marks that they earn in
each test. The recording of their marks in about five tests can be used for comparison of
achievements and also diagnose the academic development if there are any. Here I also use a
quantitative method by drawing pie charts for ranges between marks ( above 90, 80-90, 65-80,
50-65, below 50). By drawing the pie charts I could conclude whether tuition classes truly affect
these students’ academic achievements or not.

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Example

1) Unit test marks of 30 selected students who attain to science tuition classes

Name of the student unit test marks

`1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th avera

ge
1)

2)

3)

4) -

ii) Record of unit test marks on 30 selected students who don’t attain tuition classes

Draw the same table as above and find the average marks.

now find the percentage of the student’s mark range for both groups.

How to find the percentage,

ex- If there are 6 students between the average marks of 80-90, the percentage is 6/30*100=20%

Then draw two pie charts depicting the average mark range for both groups of students (experimental
group and test group)

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PieChart for make ranges for students participating in tuition classes.

Complete the above chart for all 30 students’ mark range percentages.

Also, draw another piechart like above for the percentage of mark ranges for students not
attaining private classes and then compare both piecharts to see whether there’s a progressive
development in students attain in tuition classes.

Comparison of percentage of the average mark ranges between two piecharts will be easier to
form a conclusion on academic achievement of students, those who attain tuition classes
Unit tests are to be held once a month therefore should continue the procedure for five
months. While marking the papers should pay attention to the students who attain tuition
classes, to study the way of writing answers done by them. Do they write beyond their levels
and whether they pose higher standards in Knowledge level as well as the capability of applying
their knowledge on questions in the test paper.

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2) Instead of this, I will also have to keep a record of students in both groups by observing them
while teaching. I could use a table to give them away marks ranging from 0 to a maximum of 5
marks with characteristics shown by students in my student sample which is common to both
groups that will depict their attitudes towards the subject. Here also I could compare both
groups to conclude the effect of tuition classes on primary students.

Name unders Pay Does Shows Applic Creativ Compe Team Indepe Total
tands attenti activel creativ ation ity tition work ndent marks
the on to y ity? of the (5) of (5) thinkin
concep work? partici (5) lesson Home g
t (5) pate in (5) work
quickly classro (5)
? om (5)
(5))ma discuss
rks ions?
(5)

The same format of the two tables, as shown above, can be used separately on both samples to
recognize whether there’s any development shown by tuition going students considering their
total marks in the chart. These marks also can be used to compare both samples in my research
to form a better conclusion about tuition classes.

3) Organize individual interviews with each student’s parents, to clarify the reasons for them to
send primary students into private classes, Their suggestions about changes that should take
place in the school environment to minimize students’ approach into private classes, and also
about their financial background. I should keep a record of all 30 students under these criteria.

4) Create a Google Form with closed-ended questions where students and parents will feel less
time-consuming and easy to approach in filling it without hesitations. Send the Google form in

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WhatApp to all 30 students who attain tuition classes. Also, mention the deadline to submit
them.

Contents of the Google Form

Name of the students:

1. Do you participate in tuition class minimum for a year? Y/N

2. Are there 15 or less than that, number of students in the tuition? Y/N
3. Is the private tutor’s teaching methodology is more impressive than the school
teacher’s?Y/N
4. Do you get the opportunity to clear your subject-related doubts from the school
teacher? Y/N
5. Does your tuition teacher clear the doubt? Y/N
6. Do you feel that learning is better in a private class? Y/N
7. Do you write more notes in private classes? Y/N
8. Do you have special revision sessions before the exams in a private class? Y/N
9. Does the above task happen in school? Y/N

By collecting the above data I could find the exact reasons for primary students to approach
private classes. These reasons I can use to overcome the problem of going for extra classes. I
can implement these ideas to change the classroom environment and make learning more
interesting and successful where the students and the parents both consider tuition as an
unwanted educational source.
Teachers, Teacher trainers, Curriculum developers, School management and parents, all could
gain different ideas and methods that can be successful in teaching and learning environments
which can be used to reduce the number of students participating in private classes. I may find
the main reason for approaching private classes among young kids is compact classrooms in
school with around 35-40 kids in a class. This can be the reason for mostly the average learners
and the low learners to lose concentration easily and make learning difficult so they find a
private class as the only option.
I don’t think that the tuition teachers using special methodology compared to the school
teacher since most of the school teachers themselves conduct private classes. Sometimes the
students are the same school students of the same teacher. Therefore at the end of my
research, I may find whether primary students gain any academic achievement via private

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classes if so what are the other ways of providing academic development among kids instead of
sending them into private classes

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